| 2002 |
KLF15 directly activates GLUT4 expression in adipose and muscle cell lines, requiring an intact KLF15-binding site proximal to the MEF2A site in the GLUT4 promoter; KLF15 physically interacts with MEF2A (co-immunoprecipitation) and synergistically activates the GLUT4 promoter with MEF2A; KLF15 overexpression increases both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. |
Co-transfection/reporter assays, promoter deletion and mutational analyses, co-immunoprecipitation, glucose uptake assays |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
12097321
|
| 2004 |
KLF15 transcriptionally activates the mitochondrial acetyl-CoA synthetase gene AceCS2 through the most proximal KLF-binding site in its promoter; KLF15 physically interacts with Sp1 (GST pull-down) and synergistically activates the AceCS2 promoter with Sp1 through an adjacent GC-box. |
Luciferase reporter assays, promoter deletion/mutation analyses, GST pull-down, Drosophila SL2 cell transfection, quantitative RT-PCR |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
14960588
|
| 2005 |
KLF15 plays an essential role in adipogenesis by transcriptionally upregulating PPARγ2; KLF15 and C/EBPα synergistically activate the PPARγ2 promoter; dominant-negative KLF15 or RNAi reduces PPARγ expression and blocks adipogenesis without affecting C/EBPβ induction; C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, and C/EBPδ can induce KLF15 expression. |
Dominant-negative overexpression, RNA interference, ectopic overexpression in NIH 3T3/C2C12 cells, luciferase reporter assay, microarray |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
15664998
|
| 2005 |
KLF15 zinc-finger domains bind a 9 bp consensus sequence (core CG/TCCCC) in a zinc-dependent, sequence-specific manner; KLF15 binds multiple sites in the rhodopsin and IRBP promoters including the CRS-1 and G-rich repressor elements, and represses promoter activation by CRX and/or NRL. |
EMSA, DNaseI footprinting with KLF15-GST fusion protein, luciferase reporter assay |
BMC molecular biology |
High |
15963234
|
| 2008 |
KLF15 inhibits CTGF expression in cardiac fibroblasts by blocking recruitment of the co-activator P/CAF to the CTGF promoter without affecting Smad3-DNA binding; KLF15 overexpression suppresses basal and TGFβ1-induced CTGF promoter activity; KLF15-/- mice subjected to aortic banding show increased CTGF and fibrosis. |
Adenoviral overexpression, luciferase reporter assay, ChIP, EMSA, aortic banding mouse model |
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology |
High |
18586263
|
| 2009 |
KLF15 directly binds the HSD17B5 (17β-HSD5) promoter and transcriptionally activates it, increasing testosterone formation; a KLF15 binding site was identified by luciferase reporter constructs, EMSA, and ChIP; insulin increases KLF15 mRNA and HSD17B5 promoter activity. |
Luciferase reporter assay, EMSA, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RT-PCR |
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism |
High |
19366843
|
| 2009 |
miR-133 targets the 3'UTR of KLF15 and reduces its protein level, thereby decreasing GLUT4 expression and insulin-mediated glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes. |
Forced expression of miR-133, lenti-decoy reporter, western blot, glucose uptake assay |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
19720047
|
| 2010 |
KLF15 regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis by coordinating expression of gluconeogenic and amino acid-degrading enzyme genes with the coactivator PGC-1α; liver-specific KLF15 ablation in diabetic mice reduces gluconeogenic gene expression and ameliorates hyperglycemia; metformin reduces KLF15 abundance by accelerating its degradation and reducing its mRNA, and its suppression of gluconeogenesis is attenuated by restoration of KLF15. |
Liver-specific KO mice, adenoviral KLF15 restoration, cultured hepatocytes, glucose production assay, gene expression analysis |
Diabetes |
High |
20393151
|
| 2010 |
KLF15 directly activates transcription of the UCP1 promoter through GT-box elements in brown adipocytes; KLF15 and KLF11 both interact directly with the UCP1 promoter. |
Promoter reporter assay, co-transfection in mesenchymal stem cell line, promoter binding analysis |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
20709022
|
| 2010 |
KLF15 and Sp1 cooperatively activate the human LRP5 promoter through adjacent binding sites in the -72 to -53 bp region; ChIP confirms KLF15 and Sp1 binding to this region in cells; Drosophila SL2 cell transactivation is dependent on intact Sp1 and KLF15 binding motifs. |
Luciferase reporter assay, ChIP, Drosophila SL2 cell transfection, mutational analysis |
BMC genetics |
Medium |
20141633
|
| 2012 |
KLF15 is required for podocyte differentiation; KLF15 binds to promoter regions of nephrin and podocin (ChIP); KLF15-/- mice show increased susceptibility to podocyte injury; overexpression of KLF15 stimulates expression of differentiation markers. |
ChIP, KLF15-/- mice with LPS/adriamycin challenge, adenoviral overexpression, reporter assay, microarray |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
22493483
|
| 2012 |
KLF15 inhibits estrogen-induced uterine epithelial cell proliferation by binding the Mcm2 promoter under progesterone regulation, recruiting HDAC1/3, increasing H3 methylation and decreasing H3 acetylation, and inhibiting RNA polymerase II binding; KLF15 ectopic expression in an estrogenized uterus mimics progesterone's inhibition of MCM2 and DNA synthesis. |
ChIP, transient transfection, in vivo uterine injection, cell proliferation assay, histone modification analysis |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
22538816
|
| 2012 |
KLF15 interacts with and strongly represses the transcriptional activity of myocardin-related transcription factors MRTF-A and MRTF-B; the nuclear localization signal of KLF15 was mapped to a region within its C-terminal zinc fingers; cardiac overexpression of KLF15 via rAAV prevents angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. |
Co-immunoprecipitation/interaction assay, reporter assay, rAAV cardiac overexpression, mouse model of angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy |
PloS one |
Medium |
22586493
|
| 2012 |
KLF15 deficiency disrupts circadian amino acid rhythms and impairs rhythmic ammonia-to-urea detoxification; Klf15 transcriptionally coordinates rhythmic expression of multiple enzymes involved in nitrogen homeostasis; feeding plays a dominant role in modulating KLF15 rhythm. |
Klf15-/- mice, metabolic profiling, circadian rhythm analysis, feeding manipulation |
Cell metabolism |
High |
22405069
|
| 2013 |
KLF15 is an essential mediator of ER stress-induced insulin resistance in the liver; KLF15-/- mice are protected from hepatic insulin resistance under high-fat feeding; KLF15 deficiency is associated with decreased mTORC1 activity, increased AMPK phosphorylation, and activation of autophagy; KLF15 controls mTORC1-mediated insulin resistance via amino acid signaling in primary hepatocytes. |
KLF15-/- mice, high-fat diet, pharmacological ER stress induction, primary hepatocyte assays, mTORC1/AMPK signaling analysis |
PloS one |
High |
24167585
|
| 2014 |
KLF15 regulates slow myosin heavy chain (MHC-β/slow) expression in muscle by binding the NFATc1 promoter and inducing its activity, thereby mediating calcineurin/NFAT signaling; this was shown by gene silencing, overexpression, and luciferase reporter assay in C2C12 myotubes. |
Gene silencing (siRNA), overexpression, luciferase reporter assay, gene expression analysis in C2C12 myotubes |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
24680826
|
| 2015 |
KLF15 is the first identified negative regulator of circadian ileal Fgf15 expression; using biochemical, molecular, and functional assays (including ileectomy and bile duct catheterization), liver-specific KLF15-KO studies showed a non-hepatic basis for bile acid regulation, and KLF15 controls circadian bile acid production through regulation of Fgf15. |
Systemic and liver-specific Klf15-KO mice, bile acid/lipid absorption measurement, ileectomy, bile duct catheterization, molecular assays |
Nature communications |
High |
26040986
|
| 2015 |
KLF15 governs biphasic transcriptomic oscillation in the heart corresponding to active (ATP production) and resting (remodeling/repair) phases; cardiomyocyte-specific depletion of KLF15 leads to disorganized oscillatory behavior without phasic partition despite an intact core clock, establishing KLF15 as a nodal connection between the circadian clock and cardiac rhythmicity. |
Cardiomyocyte-specific KLF15 depletion, transcriptome profiling, circadian rhythm analysis |
Cell reports |
High |
26686628
|
| 2016 |
During fasting, KLF15 forms a complex with LXR/RXR specifically on the Srebf1 promoter, recruiting the corepressor RIP140 instead of the coactivator SRC1, thereby repressing SREBP-1c and downstream lipogenic enzyme expression; KLF15 overexpression specifically ameliorates hypertriglyceridemia. |
ChIP, promoter reporter assay, protein complex analysis (co-immunoprecipitation implied), mouse overexpression model |
Cell reports |
High |
27545894
|
| 2016 |
KLF15 binds to the ACSL1 promoter region and drives its transcription in bovine adipocytes; this was confirmed by mutational analysis and EMSA; E2F1, Sp1, E2F4, and KLF15 all bind the ACSL1 promoter proximal region. |
Luciferase reporter assay, EMSA, ChIP (implied), mutational analysis |
Scientific reports |
Medium |
26782942
|
| 2017 |
Per3 and BMAL1 directly regulate Klf15 expression in adipocyte precursor cells; deletion of Per3 promotes adipogenesis in vivo through this clock output pathway acting via KLF15. |
Per3 deletion mice, in vivo adipogenesis analysis, chromatin analysis of BMAL1/Per3 binding at Klf15 promoter |
Cell reports |
Medium |
29186676
|
| 2017 |
c-Jun directly binds near glucocorticoid response element (GRE) sites in the KLF15 promoter and inhibits glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-induced KLF15 promoter activity, thereby suppressing adipocyte differentiation; restoration of KLF15 expression partially rescues adipogenesis blocked by c-Jun. |
ChIP, luciferase reporter assay, stable ectopic expression, adipocyte differentiation rescue assay |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
26692489
|
| 2017 |
SIRT3 co-localizes with KLF15 and directly deacetylates KLF15 in podocytes, resulting in decreased expression of fibronectin and collagen type IV; SIRT3 overexpression attenuates angiotensin II-induced kidney fibrosis through this KLF15-mediated mechanism. |
Co-localization (immunofluorescence), deacetylation assay, co-IP, SIRT3 KO/overexpression mice, cultured podocytes |
Oncotarget |
Medium |
28465484
|
| 2017 |
KLF15 directly activates the Twist2 promoter by binding it (confirmed by ChIP); KLF15-induced Twist2 expression ameliorates hepatic steatosis via NF-κB-FGF21 or SREBP1c-FGF21 pathways. |
ChIP, luciferase reporter assay, KLF15 overexpression in hepatocytes |
FASEB journal |
Medium |
31648561
|
| 2017 |
KLF15 directly binds the promoter of Drd2 (dopamine D2 receptor) and promotes its promoter activity; KLF15 is induced in neurons by TNF-α; knockout of Klf15 reduces neuropathic pain sensitivity induced by CCI or SNI. |
Promoter reporter assay, ChIP, Klf15 KO mice, neuropathic pain models (CCI, SNI) |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
28830816
|
| 2017 |
KLF15 directly regulates chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs by binding the SOX9 promoter and activating SOX9 expression; KLF15 knockdown represses chondrogenic differentiation while KLF15 overexpression facilitates it. |
Lentivirus-mediated knockdown, overexpression, luciferase reporter assay, promoter binding analysis (ChIP) |
Biochemical and biophysical research communications |
Medium |
28923246
|
| 2018 |
KLF15 directly binds to the core promoter region of bovine KLF3 gene, confirmed by EMSA and ChIP; KLF15 overexpression increases KLF3 expression and KLF15 knockdown reduces it in bovine adipocytes. |
Adenoviral overexpression, siRNA knockdown, luciferase reporter assay with deletion constructs, EMSA, ChIP |
Gene |
Medium |
29551501
|
| 2018 |
Hypoxia triggers deSUMOylation of KLF15 by SENP1, causing translocation of KLF15 from nucleus to cytoplasm; nuclear KLF15 directly binds the Arg2 promoter (ChIP) and represses arginase 2 expression; KLF15 overexpression rescues nitric oxide production and reverses hypoxia-induced vasoconstriction. |
ChIP, fractionation/localization studies, SENP1 modulation, overexpression in HPMEC, isolated artery functional assay |
Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology |
High |
29472234
|
| 2018 |
KLF15 directly binds the promoter region of MMP-3 (ChIP assay) and reduces TNF-α-induced MMP-3 expression at the transcriptional level in human chondrocytes; TNF-α reduces KLF15 expression via p53. |
ChIP, overexpression, quantitative gene expression, cell stimulation with TNF-α |
Journal of interferon & cytokine research |
Medium |
30036111
|
| 2019 |
Hyperglycemia upregulates KLF15 protein in skeletal muscle by downregulating the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1, leading to suppression of ubiquitin-dependent degradation of KLF15; muscle-specific KLF15 deficiency protects from diabetes-induced decline of skeletal muscle mass. |
Diabetic mouse models, muscle-specific KO mice, WWP1 modulation, ubiquitination assay, protein stability analysis |
JCI insight |
High |
30830866
|
| 2019 |
WWP1 targets KLF15 for K48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in cardiomyocytes; WWP1-mediated KLF15 degradation contributes to upregulation of p65 acetylation and activation of MAPK inflammatory signaling after myocardial infarction. |
rAAV9-mediated overexpression, adenovirus system, ubiquitination assay (K48-linked), co-IP, MI mouse model |
Theranostics |
High |
36593958
|
| 2019 |
KLF15 regulates all three phases (I–III) of the endobiotic and xenobiotic metabolism (EXM) system in the liver by direct transcriptional control; liver-specific KLF15 deficiency alters expression of phase I–III targets, renders animals resistant to bile acid and acetaminophen toxicity, and enhances degradation of endogenous steroids (testosterone, glucocorticoid); viral reconstitution reverses these phenotypes. |
Liver-specific KO mice, unbiased transcriptomics, viral reconstitution, hormone measurement, toxicity assays |
Nature metabolism |
High |
32694878
|
| 2020 |
HDAC11 interacts with AP-2α and represses KLF15 transcription; HDAC11 inhibition or depletion relieves KLF15 repression and blocks pro-fibrogenic responses in renal tubular epithelial cells; KLF15 knockdown antagonizes the anti-fibrotic effect of HDAC11 inhibition. |
Co-IP, siRNA knockdown, qPCR, pharmaceutical inhibition (quisinostat), mouse UUO model |
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology |
Medium |
32363192
|
| 2021 |
Immobilization reduces cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in skeletal muscle via downregulation of Piezo1, which induces KLF15 and subsequently IL-6 expression leading to muscle atrophy; Piezo1 disruption induces Klf15 and Il6, and KLF15 muscle-specific deficiency or IL-6 deficiency protects from immobility-induced atrophy. |
Ca2+ bioimaging, Piezo1 acute disruption, muscle-specific KLF15 KO mice, IL-6 KO mice, antibody blockade, human sample validation |
The Journal of clinical investigation |
High |
35290243
|
| 2021 |
FoxO1/3 transcriptionally regulates Klf15 gene expression by directly binding to the liver-specific Klf15 promoter; attenuation of insulin signaling increases hepatic KLF15 via FoxOs, which then elevates amino acid catabolic enzyme expression and suppresses SREBP-1c; this FoxO-KLF15 pathway switches macronutrient flow during fasting. |
TFEL scan genome-wide transcription factor screening, in vivo promoter analysis, KLF15-KO mice, ChIP-like binding validation |
iScience |
High |
34988390
|
| 2022 |
KLF15 directly binds the Serpina6 promoter at a palindromic GC-rich motif, opens chromatin, and transactivates Serpina6 (encoding CBG); Klf15-deficient mice have profoundly reduced CBG and impaired plasma corticosteroid transport; KLF15 cistromes (generated via newly engineered Klf153xFLAG mice) show liver KLF15 is predominantly promoter-enriched with minimal direct gene repression activity. |
KLF15 cistrome (ChIP-seq in Klf153xFLAG mice), Klf15-KO mice, CBG reconstitution, ATAC-seq, reporter assays |
Science advances |
High |
35263131
|
| 2022 |
KLF15 and PPARδ physically interact (co-localization, co-IP), colocalize genome-wide in skeletal muscle (ChIP-seq), and are mutually dependent for their transcriptional effects on lipid metabolic target genes; KLF15 cistrome in skeletal muscle is enriched at distal intergenic regions associated with circadian rhythmicity and lipid metabolism genes. |
ChIP-seq (KLF15 and PPARδ cistromes), Co-IP/physical interaction assay, KLF15 KO in skeletal muscle, gene expression analysis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
35413288
|
| 2022 |
KLF15 plays a critical role in brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolic flexibility; BAT-specific loss of KLF15 results in widespread changes in circulating metabolites and severely compromised thermogenesis under high energy demands, indicating impaired nutrient utilization. |
BAT-specific KLF15-KO mice, metabolomics, thermogenesis testing, transcriptomics |
iScience |
High |
36304102
|
| 2022 |
Xenopus Klf15 directly binds regeneration enhancers and stimulates expression of regenerative genes including adrenoreceptor alpha 1A (adra1a) in regenerating nephric tubules; inhibition of Klf15 causes failure of nephric tubule regeneration; pharmacological inhibition of Adra1a-signaling suppresses tubule regeneration. |
ATAC-seq, H3K27ac ChIP-seq, Klf15 inhibition, Xenopus kidney regeneration model, pharmacological treatment |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Medium |
35939709
|
| 2023 |
KLF15 directly binds the promoter region of FKBP5 and activates its expression; KLF15 deficiency impairs myoblast fusion and muscle regeneration after injury; local delivery of FKBP5 rescues impaired regeneration in Klf15-KO mice. |
ChIP, KLF15-KO mice, muscle injury model, transcriptome analysis, FKBP5 delivery rescue |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
37673339
|
| 2023 |
GR (glucocorticoid receptor) directly binds the KLF15 enhancer during fasting and regulates hepatic KLF15 expression; KLF15 is necessary for GR-mediated suppression of SREBP-1c during fasting, forming a GR-KLF15-SREBP-1c pathway controlling lipogenesis. |
KLF15-KO mice, ChIP (GR binding at KLF15 enhancer), gene expression analysis, fasting experiments |
The FEBS journal |
High |
37702262
|
| 2023 |
Macrophage KLF15 directly binds the OLR-1 (lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1) promoter and transcriptionally downregulates OLR-1 expression; KLF15 overexpression prevents foam cell formation by reducing OLR-1-mediated lipid uptake; restoration of OLR-1 reverses KLF15's beneficial effects on atherosclerosis. |
ChIP, promoter reporter assay, AAV overexpression in atherosclerosis mouse models, lipid uptake assay |
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology |
Medium |
37984156
|
| 2021 |
KLF15 loss-of-function mutation (p.Lys229*) abrogates both transcriptional activation of the KChIP2 promoter and transcriptional inhibition of the CTGF promoter (with or without TGFB1), establishing KLF15 as causally linked to atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathy via loss of these transcriptional activities. |
Whole exome sequencing, dual-luciferase assay with mutant KLF15, Sanger sequencing, pedigree analysis |
Genes |
Medium |
33809104
|
| 2017 |
KLF15 directly activates the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) by binding a GRE in the KLF15 promoter and is induced by glucocorticoids in human airway smooth muscle (ASM); KLF15 represses ASM hypertrophy and PLCD1 was identified as a direct KLF15-regulated target gene by integrating transcriptome data with ChIP-seq of RNA Pol II and GR occupancy. |
GR ChIP-seq, RNA Pol II ChIP-seq, KLF15 overexpression transcriptome, primary human ASM cells |
American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology |
High |
28375666
|
| 2024 |
KLF15 transcriptionally activates LINC00689 expression; KLF15/LINC00689 axis suppresses colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis; downstream, LINC00689 recruits PTBP1 to stabilize LATS2 mRNA, suppressing the YAP1/β-catenin pathway. |
ChIP, reporter assay, RNA-seq, co-IP (PTBP1-LINC00689), in vitro/in vivo cell proliferation assays |
Communications biology |
Medium |
38273088
|
| 2024 |
Progesterone receptor (PR) directly binds to KLF15 promoter regions (ChIP-qPCR) in uterine epithelial cells; KLF15 in turn directly binds the TWIST2 promoter (ChIP-qPCR) and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition; KLF15 loss impairs endometrial receptivity and reduces embryo implantation in vivo. |
ChIP-qPCR, siRNA knockdown, KLF15 overexpression, RNA-seq, in vivo rat uterine injection, embryo implantation assay |
The Journal of endocrinology |
Medium |
38513352
|
| 2021 |
The E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 ubiquitinates KLF15 in skeletal muscle; obestatin signaling counteracts glucocorticoid-induced KLF15 ubiquitination via NEDD4, thereby preventing KLF15-driven atrogene expression and muscle atrophy; FoxO4 phosphorylation by Akt cooperates with NEDD4 in regulating FoxO and KLF15. |
In vivo dexamethasone-induced atrophy model, ubiquitination assay, in vitro human myotube (KM155C25) studies |
Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle |
Medium |
33687156
|