| 1998 |
KIF1C was identified as a new kinesin-like protein (Unc104 subfamily) localized primarily at the Golgi apparatus; overexpression of catalytically inactive KIF1C inhibited brefeldin A-induced retrograde flow of Golgi membranes into the ER, implicating KIF1C in Golgi-to-ER vesicle transport. KIF1C was identified via yeast two-hybrid using the ezrin domain of PTPD1 as bait, and was found to be tyrosine-phosphorylated after peroxovanadate stimulation. |
Yeast two-hybrid, immunofluorescence, dominant-negative overexpression in 293/NIH3T3/C2C12 cells, brefeldin A treatment |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
9685376
|
| 1999 |
KIF1C dimerizes and associates with 14-3-3 proteins (beta, gamma, epsilon, zeta) via phosphorylation of Ser1092 (in a canonical 14-3-3 binding sequence). Ser1092 is a substrate for casein kinase II in vitro; inhibition of casein kinase II in cells reduced KIF1C–14-3-3γ association. |
Yeast two-hybrid, transient overexpression, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, casein kinase II inhibition |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
10559254
|
| 2001 |
Kif1C alleles determine resistance or susceptibility of mouse macrophages to anthrax lethal toxin (LeTx). Brefeldin A treatment (which alters KIF1C cellular localization) converts resistant macrophages to susceptibility; ectopic expression of a resistance allele in susceptible macrophages increases survival. KIF1C acts downstream of toxin entry/processing (MKK3 cleavage still occurs in resistant cells), likely influencing a post-entry step. |
Genetic mapping, allele overexpression, brefeldin A treatment, LeTx susceptibility assay, MKK3 cleavage assay |
Current biology : CB |
Medium |
11591317
|
| 2002 |
KIF1C knockout mice are viable with no obvious abnormalities; primary lung fibroblasts from kif1C−/− mice show no significant difference in Golgi distribution or brefeldin A-induced Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport, indicating KIF1C is dispensable for this retrograde transport in vivo. |
Gene knockout (knock-in of beta-gal into motor domain), immunocytochemistry, time-lapse analysis of BFA-induced transport |
Molecular and cellular biology |
High |
11784862
|
| 2006 |
KIF1C is a microtubule plus-end-enriched kinesin that targets podosome turnover regions in primary human macrophages; KIF1C depletion (siRNA/shRNA) or expression of dominant-negative constructs decreases podosome dynamics and causes podosome deficiency. KIF1C binds non-muscle myosin IIA via its PTPD-binding domain, linking actin and tubulin cytoskeletons. |
siRNA/shRNA knockdown, dominant-negative overexpression, protein interaction studies (co-IP), live-cell imaging, immunofluorescence in primary human macrophages |
Molecular biology of the cell |
High |
16554367
|
| 2012 |
KIF1C mediates transport of α5β1-integrins to trailing focal adhesions, which is required for maturation of these adhesions and resistance to tail retraction during directional cell migration. Loss of KIF1C leads to impaired rear stabilization and reduced directional persistence; the phenotype is suppressed by myosin II inhibition. |
Kif1C depletion (siRNA), live-cell migration assays, integrin trafficking assays, myosin II inhibition epistasis |
Developmental cell |
High |
23237952
|
| 2014 |
Rab6A binds to both the motor domain and the C-terminus of KIF1C; Rab6A binding to the motor domain inhibits microtubule interaction in vitro and in cells, reducing the pool of motile KIF1C. KIF1C depletion slows protein delivery to the cell surface, disrupts vesicle motility, and triggers Golgi fragmentation. Protection of Golgi from fragmentation requires Rab6A-binding at both ends but not KIF1C motor activity. |
In vitro microtubule binding assay, co-IP, KIF1C depletion (siRNA), live-cell imaging of vesicle motility, Golgi fragmentation assay, rescue with deletion constructs |
eLife |
High |
25821985
|
| 2014 |
KIF1C translocation to the cell periphery is dependent on CLASP proteins; upon PKC-induced podosome formation, KIF1C accumulates near CLASPs at peripheral microtubule plus ends. Chimeric mitochondrially-targeted CLASP2 recruits KIF1C, indicating a direct transient CLASP–KIF1C association that is required for KIF1C trafficking and podosome formation. |
CLASP siRNA knockdown, PKC activation, live-cell imaging, chimeric CLASP2 mitochondrial targeting assay, immunofluorescence |
Journal of cell science |
Medium |
25344256
|
| 2014 |
Microtubule acetylation (regulated by MEC-17 acetyltransferase) influences the subcellular distribution, directionality, velocity, and run length of KIF1C-associated vesicles in primary human macrophages, as well as the targeting frequency of microtubule plus ends to podosomes. |
MEC-17 overexpression/siRNA, tubacin (deacetylase inhibitor) treatment, live-cell imaging of KIF1C vesicle dynamics, immunofluorescence |
European journal of cell biology |
Medium |
25151635
|
| 2019 |
KIF1C is autoinhibited through an interaction between its microtubule-binding surface (motor domain) and its stalk. This autoinhibition is released by binding of PTPN21's FERM domain or the cargo adaptor Hook3 to the KIF1C tail. In vitro, full-length human KIF1C is a processive, plus-end-directed motor; its landing rate onto microtubules increases in the presence of PTPN21 FERM domain or Hook3. PTPN21 FERM domain stimulates dense core vesicle transport in primary hippocampal neurons and rescues integrin trafficking in KIF1C-depleted cells. |
In vitro single-molecule motility assay with purified full-length KIF1C, domain-binding assays, neuronal DCV transport assay, integrin trafficking rescue in KIF1C-depleted cells |
Nature communications |
High |
31217419
|
| 2019 |
Hook3 acts as a scaffold that simultaneously binds dynein/dynactin (activating its motility) and the tail of KIF1C (without activating KIF1C). This trimeric complex allows dynein to transport KIF1C toward the minus end and KIF1C to transport dynein toward the plus end; in cells, KIF1C can recruit Hook3 to the cell periphery. |
In vitro reconstitution with purified components (dynein/dynactin, Hook3, KIF1C), single-molecule motility assays, mass spectrometry, co-IP, live-cell imaging |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
31320392
|
| 2021 |
KIF1C interacts with APC-dependent mRNAs and is required for their active transport to cytoplasmic protrusions along microtubules. Two-color live-cell imaging directly showed single mRNAs transported by single KIF1C motors; the mRNA 3'UTR is sufficient for KIF1C-dependent transport. KIF1C also maintains peripheral multimeric mRNA clusters and transports its own mRNA. |
Live-cell single-molecule imaging (two-color), siRNA KIF1C depletion, mRNA localization assay, 3'UTR sufficiency experiment |
RNA (New York, N.Y.) |
High |
34493599
|
| 2019 |
Kif1c regulates actin ring formation and osteoclastic bone resorption downstream of p130Cas (and upstream of c-Src). Kif1c shRNA knockdown in wild-type osteoclasts suppressed actin ring formation; Kif1c overexpression rescued bone resorption in p130CasΔOCL−/− osteoclasts but not in c-Src−/− osteoclasts, placing Kif1c between p130Cas and c-Src in this signaling pathway. |
shRNA knockdown, overexpression rescue epistasis, cDNA microarray for pathway placement, bone resorption assay |
Cell biochemistry and function |
Medium |
31887784
|
| 2022 |
c-Src phosphorylates tyrosine residues within the stalk domain of KIF1C, enhancing its association with PTPD1, which in turn activates KIF1C's microtubule-binding ability, likely by relieving autoinhibitory motor–stalk interactions. KIF1C localizes to invadopodium tips and is required for invadopodia elongation and cancer cell invasion. |
c-Src overexpression/inhibition, phospho-mutant constructs, co-IP, microtubule-binding assay, invadopodia elongation assay, invasion assay |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
35654143
|
| 2022 |
In neuronal cells, KIF1C interacts with all core components of the exon junction complex (EJC) in an RNA-mediated manner (abolished by RNase treatment); expression of mutant KIF1C causes loss of distal neurite EJC localization and pericentrosomal accumulation of EJC components, suggesting KIF1C transports mRNA in an EJC-bound state along neurites. |
Affinity proteomics (AP-MS) in SH-SY5Y cells, co-immunoprecipitation, RNase treatment, immunostaining of mutant KIF1C-expressing cells, UV-crosslinking RNA-protein extraction |
RNA (New York, N.Y.) |
Medium |
36316088
|
| 2023 |
Localization of Kif1c mRNA to cell protrusions does not regulate KIF1C protein abundance or distribution but is required for directed cell migration and controls the specificity of KIF1C protein–protein interactions; mRNA mislocalization dramatically dysregulates the number and identity of KIF1C binding partners as determined by mass spectrometry. |
Kif1c mRNA mislocalization (genetic perturbation), mass spectrometry of endogenous KIF1C interactors, directed migration assays |
Genes & development |
Medium |
36859340
|
| 2024 |
KIF1C's C-terminal tail contains an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) that drives liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). KIF1C forms dynamic liquid condensates in cellular protrusions that incorporate RNA molecules in a sequence-selective manner. Purified KIF1C tail constructs undergo LLPS in vitro at near-endogenous nM concentrations without crowding agents and directly recruit RNA. IDR-dependent LLPS is required for enrichment of mRNA cargoes at the cell periphery. |
In vitro LLPS with purified KIF1C tail, live-cell condensate imaging (FRAP, fluorescence recovery), IDR deletion mutants, RNA recruitment assay in vitro and in cells |
The EMBO journal |
High |
38898313
|
| 2024 |
KIF1C unexpectedly supports retrograde transport of lysosomes toward the nucleus via dynein, without requiring its own motor activity (which is actually inhibitory for this process). Mechanistically, KIF1C interacts with dynein-activating adaptor Hook3, which associates with the lysosome-anchored protein RUFY3, thereby activating dynein-driven lysosomal transport. This non-motor role of KIF1C is required for efficient autophagic and endocytic cargo degradation. |
KIF1C depletion, motor-dead KIF1C mutant, co-IP (KIF1C–Hook3–RUFY3), lysosome positioning assay, autophagic/endocytic degradation assays |
Communications biology |
Medium |
39394274
|
| 2025 |
Crystal structure of the Hook3(553–624)–KIF1C(714–809) complex was determined, revealing the molecular basis for Hook3–KIF1C interaction. Structure-based mutations in this interface abolish binding between full-length proteins in HEK293T cells and abrogate Hook3/KIF1C-mediated anterograde transport in RPE1 cells, demonstrating the complex is necessary and sufficient for Hook3-activated KIF1C transport. |
Crystal structure determination, structure-based mutagenesis, co-IP in HEK293T cells, anterograde transport assay in RPE1 cells |
EMBO reports |
High |
40312563
|
| 2025 |
CNBP (RNA-binding protein) binds directly to GA-rich sequences in the 3'UTR of protrusion-targeted mRNAs and interacts with KIF1C; CNBP is required for KIF1C recruitment to mRNA cargo and for active mRNA transport on microtubules to the cell periphery, defining a KIF1C–CNBP motor-adaptor complex for mRNA transport. |
RNA pulldown, co-IP (CNBP–KIF1C), siRNA depletion, live-cell mRNA transport assay, 3'UTR binding assay |
Cell reports |
Medium |
39982819
|
| 2025 |
Liquid-liquid phase separation of KIF1C generates multi-kinesin clusters that entangle neighboring microtubules and impose mechanical stress sufficient to cause microtubule breakage and disassembly in cells. Microtubule fragmentation requires a highly processive motor domain, a stiff clustering mechanism (IDR-driven LLPS), and sufficient drag force. |
Live-cell imaging of microtubule breakage, computational simulations, IDR/motor domain mutants, in vitro LLPS |
bioRxivpreprint |
Medium |
bio_10.1101_2025.01.31.635950
|