Affinage

INTS1

Integrator complex subunit 1 · UniProt Q8N201

Round 2 corrected
Length
2190 aa
Mass
244.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
102 papers in source corpus 10 papers cited in narrative 11 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

INTS1 is the largest subunit and central scaffold of the metazoan Integrator complex, an RNAPII-associated machinery that couples endonucleolytic 3ʹ-end processing of snRNAs with dephosphorylation of the RNAPII CTD at Ser-2, -5, and -7 to coordinate transcription pausing and termination (PMID:16239144, PMID:33243860). Cryo-EM reveals that INTS1 contributes to the backbone of the Integrator–PP2A complex (INTAC), positioning the endonuclease and phosphatase modules on opposite faces of a cruciform scaffold (PMID:33243860). Loss of INTS1 in mice causes blastocyst-stage lethality with accumulation of unprocessed U2 snRNA (PMID:17544522), and INTS1 deficiency in zebrafish produces widespread first-intron retention and transcriptional read-through, establishing its requirement for transcriptome integrity (PMID:41424761). Biallelic loss-of-function variants in INTS1 cause a human autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental syndrome featuring intellectual disability, cataracts, and craniofacial anomalies (PMID:30622326).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 7 steps
  1. 2005 High

    Identification of INTS1 as the largest subunit of a novel ~12-subunit Integrator complex that associates with the RNAPII CTD and mediates 3ʹ-end cleavage of U1/U2 snRNAs established its foundational molecular role in snRNA processing.

    Evidence Affinity purification–mass spectrometry of FLAG-INTS1, ChIP at snRNA loci, and in vitro snRNA processing assays in human cells

    PMID:16239144

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural architecture of INTS1 within the complex was unknown
    • Catalytic contribution of INTS1 versus INTS9/11 cleavage subunits was not delineated
    • Role beyond snRNA processing was unexplored
  2. 2007 High

    Mouse knockout demonstrated that INTS1 is essential for early embryonic viability and in vivo snRNA maturation, showing that the biochemical processing function identified in vitro is physiologically required.

    Evidence Homologous recombination KO in mice; qRT-PCR showing accumulation of unprocessed U2 snRNA; caspase-3/7 apoptosis assays in blastocysts

    PMID:17544522

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether lethality reflects snRNA processing failure versus other Integrator functions was unresolved
    • Tissue-specific roles after early development were not assessed
  3. 2019 High

    Discovery that biallelic INTS1 variants cause a human neurodevelopmental syndrome with intellectual disability, cataracts, and dysmorphic features connected the gene to Mendelian disease and revealed developmental functions beyond embryonic lethality.

    Evidence Exome sequencing in multiple families; CRISPR/Cas9 zebrafish knockout recapitulating lens defects

    PMID:30622326

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism linking partial INTS1 loss to cataract and brain phenotypes was unexplained
    • Whether patient variants destabilize the whole complex or affect specific modules was unknown
  4. 2020 High

    Cryo-EM structure of the Integrator–PP2A complex (INTAC) revealed that INTS1 forms the backbone of a cruciform scaffold integrating endonuclease and phosphatase activities, establishing a dual-enzyme architecture for RNAPII regulation.

    Evidence 3.5 Å cryo-EM reconstruction; in vitro phosphatase assays on RNAPII-CTD Ser-2/5/7 substrates

    PMID:33243860

    Open questions at the time
    • Conformational dynamics of INTS1 during the catalytic cycle were not resolved
    • How disease-associated missense variants map onto the structural scaffold was not determined
  5. 2021 High

    Functional studies showed that the Integrator-associated PP2A module opposes CDK9-mediated phosphorylation at RNAPII pause sites, placing the INTS1-containing complex at a key transcription pausing checkpoint with cancer-relevant consequences.

    Evidence CRISPR KO, phosphoproteomics, CDK9 inhibitor response assays, and xenograft models in cancer cell lines

    PMID:34004147

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct contribution of INTS1 versus other subunits (e.g. INTS6) in PP2A recruitment was not separated
    • Whether INTS1 stability is rate-limiting for INTAC assembly in tumors was unknown
  6. 2024 Medium

    Zebrafish and human genetic evidence linked INTS1 deficiency to disrupted circadian/sleep-wake regulation and elevated noradrenergic signaling, expanding the phenotypic spectrum beyond structural brain and eye malformations.

    Evidence Exome sequencing in a consanguineous family; CRISPR zebrafish locomotor and sleep assays; in situ hybridization for dopamine β-hydroxylase

    PMID:39189071

    Open questions at the time
    • Causal relationship between INTS1 loss and locus coeruleus dbh upregulation is correlative
    • Whether circadian phenotype reflects snRNA processing defects or broader RNAPII regulation is unresolved
  7. 2025 Medium

    Transcriptome-wide analysis in INTS1-deficient zebrafish revealed pervasive first-intron retention and read-through transcription, establishing INTS1/Integrator as essential for transcription termination fidelity beyond snRNA genes.

    Evidence RNA-seq and nascent RNA sequencing in Ints1-knockout zebrafish

    PMID:41424761

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether intron retention is a direct consequence of defective RNAPII pausing or secondary to snRNA maturation failure is not distinguished
    • Protein-coding gene-specific versus genome-wide termination defects were not mechanistically separated

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • It remains unknown how specific INTS1 patient missense variants structurally disrupt INTAC assembly or selectively impair endonuclease versus phosphatase activities, and whether tissue-selective phenotypes (cataracts, circadian disruption) reflect differential Integrator dependency across cell types.
  • No high-resolution structure of disease-variant INTS1 within INTAC
  • Tissue-specific Integrator stoichiometry and dependency not characterized
  • No reconstituted in vitro system testing patient variant effects on dual enzymatic activities

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 3 GO:0003723 RNA binding 2
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 1
Pathway
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 3 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 3
Partners
INTS11INTS6INTS8INTS9PPP2CARPB1
Complex memberships
Integrator complexIntegrator-PP2A complex (INTAC)

Evidence

Reading pass · 11 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2005 INTS1 (then named KIAA0841/INT1) was identified as the largest subunit of the Integrator complex, a novel ~12-subunit RNA polymerase II-associated complex. The Integrator complex directly interacts with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the RPB1 subunit of RNAPII and mediates 3'-end processing (endonucleolytic cleavage) of nascent U1 and U2 snRNAs. Two subunits (INTS9 and INTS11) bear similarity to CPSF cleavage/polyadenylation factors, suggesting a catalytic cleavage mechanism. Affinity purification of FLAG-tagged INTS1/KIAA0841 followed by mass spectrometry; chromatin immunoprecipitation showing Integrator recruitment to U1 and U2 snRNA genes; in vitro snRNA 3'-end processing assays; co-immunoprecipitation with RNAPII-CTD Cell High 16239144
2007 INTS1 was confirmed as a component of the human Integrator complex through systematic affinity purification of transcription machinery components coupled to mass spectrometry, placing it in the network of proteins associated with RNAPII transcription and RNA processing. Protein affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry (AP-MS) of 32 tagged transcription-related polypeptides Molecular cell Medium 17643375
2007 Targeted disruption of the murine KIAA1440/Ints1 gene causes embryonic lethality: homozygous null embryos arrest growth at the early blastocyst stage (most at morula stage in mixed backgrounds) and undergo apoptosis predominantly in the inner cell mass, as shown by activated caspase-3/7. KIAA1440(-/-) embryos displayed increased levels of unprocessed primary U2 snRNA transcript and decreased levels of mature U2 snRNA, directly linking INTS1 loss to defective snRNA 3'-end processing in vivo. The predominantly nuclear localization of INTS1 was established by immunofluorescence. INTS1 is proposed to function as a scaffold for Integrator complex assembly. Homologous recombination knockout in mice; TUNEL and FAM-caspase-3/7 apoptosis assays; qRT-PCR for U2 snRNA processing; immunofluorescence for subcellular localization Biochimica et biophysica acta High 17544522
2015 INTS1 was detected as part of the conserved metazoan Integrator complex through comprehensive biochemical fractionation and quantitative mass spectrometry across diverse metazoan models, confirming the complex is an ancient eukaryotic assembly present broadly across all extant animals. Biochemical fractionation coupled with quantitative mass spectrometry across multiple metazoan species; co-fractionation validation Nature Medium 26344197
2019 Biallelic loss-of-function variants in INTS1 in humans cause a neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, cataracts, hypotonia, abnormal gait, and craniofacial anomalies. CRISPR/Cas9-generated biallelic ints1 indel zebrafish larvae developed normally through gastrulation but displayed abnormal lens development, establishing a developmental role for INTS1 in eye morphogenesis. In situ hybridization demonstrated expression of ints1 in the zebrafish eye. Several patient variants affected the C-terminus of INTS1, with structural modeling suggesting that specific missense variants (e.g., p.Pro1874Leu, p.Leu2164Pro) may disrupt helix folding. Exome sequencing and Sanger validation of human patients; CRISPR/Cas9 zebrafish knockout; in situ hybridization; in silico structural modeling European journal of human genetics : EJHG High 30622326
2019 Biallelic compound heterozygous variants in INTS1 (c.1645A>G/p.Met549Val and c.5881C>T/p.Gln1961*) cause profound intellectual disability with growth retardation, cataracts, hypertelorism, and dysmorphic features in two Chinese siblings. In silico genetic interaction network analysis showed INTS1 is highly associated with INTS8 and CTDP1, linking INTS1 dysfunction to congenital cataracts-facial dysmorphism-neuropathy (CCFDN) syndrome pathways. Whole-exome sequencing; Sanger sequencing validation; in silico genetic interaction network analysis Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN Low 31428919
2020 The Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC) was identified, in which the 14-subunit Integrator (containing INTS1 as its largest scaffold subunit) associates with the PP2A core enzyme (PP2A-AC). A 3.5 Å cryo-EM structure reveals that nine Integrator subunits and PP2A-AC assemble into a cruciform-shaped scaffold with backbone and shoulder modules, while the phosphatase and endonuclease modules flank opposite sides. INTS1 contributes to the central scaffold. INTAC dephosphorylates the RNAPII CTD at Ser-2, -5, and -7, establishing a dual enzymatic activity (RNA cleavage + CTD dephosphorylation) within a single complex. Cryo-EM structure at 3.5 Å resolution; biochemical reconstitution; phosphatase activity assays on RNAPII-CTD substrates Science (New York, N.Y.) High 33243860
2021 The Integrator complex (containing INTS1) recruits a PP2A phosphatase complex via INTS6, which opposes CDK9-mediated phosphorylation of DSIF and RNAPII-CTD at transcription pause sites. Loss of INTS6 (a binding partner within the complex) amplifies acute oncogenic transcriptional responses and confers resistance to CDK9 inhibition, while pharmacological PP2A activation synergizes with CDK9 inhibition to kill cancer cells. This places Integrator/INTS1-containing complexes at the pausing checkpoint of the transcription cycle. CRISPR knockout and shRNA knockdown; phosphoproteomics; CDK9 inhibitor response assays; in vivo xenograft models; co-immunoprecipitation Cell High 34004147
2024 Homozygous missense variants in INTS1 (E1742K and G2169V) in a consanguineous family cause prenatal microcephaly, intellectual disability, and severe disruption of sleep-wake cycles. Structural analysis indicates E1742K disrupts a conserved negatively charged surface patch on INTS1. Ints1-deficient zebrafish larvae displayed abnormal circadian rhythms of locomotor activity and sleep. Furthermore, Ints1-deficient larvae showed elevated dopamine β-hydroxylase (dbh) mRNA in the locus coeruleus, suggesting that INTS1/Integrator complex dysfunction affects the wakefulness-promoting noradrenergic system. Exome sequencing; structural and conservation analysis; CRISPR/Cas9 zebrafish knockdown/knockout lines; locomotor activity assays; in situ hybridization for dbh Disease models & mechanisms Medium 39189071
2025 INTS1 deficiency in zebrafish causes widespread transcriptional dysregulation including first intron retentions and transcript extensions (read-through), consistent with defective transcription termination and nascent RNA cleavage. Gene expression changes affect pathways linked to hyperactivity and ADHD. This establishes INTS1 as required for transcriptome integrity, specifically coordinating transcription initiation, termination, and 3'-end processing via the Integrator complex. RNA-seq and nascent RNA sequencing in Ints1-deficient zebrafish; bioinformatic analysis of intron retention and transcript extension events NAR genomics and bioinformatics Medium 41424761
2025 INTS1 was identified among proteins in human semen-derived extracellular vesicles (SEVs) that interact with both HIV Tat and NF-κB subunit p65, based on integrative network analysis of mass spectrometry data. This suggests INTS1 may participate in transcriptional regulatory networks within SEVs that contribute to inhibition of HIV LTR transactivation. Affinity purification mass spectrometry of SEV proteins; integrative network and pathway enrichment analysis bioRxivpreprint Low

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 102 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome. Cell 1704 16169070
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
1990 The Wnt-1 (int-1) proto-oncogene is required for development of a large region of the mouse brain. Cell 1346 2205396
2015 The BioPlex Network: A Systematic Exploration of the Human Interactome. Cell 1118 26186194
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2015 A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. Cell 1015 26496610
2018 VIRMA mediates preferential m6A mRNA methylation in 3'UTR and near stop codon and associates with alternative polyadenylation. Cell discovery 829 29507755
1990 Targeted disruption of the murine int-1 proto-oncogene resulting in severe abnormalities in midbrain and cerebellar development. Nature 784 2202907
1987 The Drosophila homolog of the mouse mammary oncogene int-1 is identical to the segment polarity gene wingless. Cell 783 3111720
2003 Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nature genetics 754 14702039
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
1988 Expression of the int-1 gene in transgenic mice is associated with mammary gland hyperplasia and adenocarcinomas in male and female mice. Cell 666 3180222
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2018 High-Density Proximity Mapping Reveals the Subcellular Organization of mRNA-Associated Granules and Bodies. Molecular cell 580 29395067
1987 Expression of the proto-oncogene int-1 is restricted to specific neural cells in the developing mouse embryo. Cell 563 3594565
1984 Mode of proviral activation of a putative mammary oncogene (int-1) on mouse chromosome 15. Nature 536 6318122
2021 Multilevel proteomics reveals host perturbations by SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Nature 532 33845483
1989 Ectopic expression of the proto-oncogene int-1 in Xenopus embryos leads to duplication of the embryonic axis. Cell 456 2673541
2005 Integrator, a multiprotein mediator of small nuclear RNA processing, associates with the C-terminal repeat of RNA polymerase II. Cell 443 16239144
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2022 OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular organization. Science (New York, N.Y.) 432 35271311
2005 Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. Genome research 409 16344560
2015 Panorama of ancient metazoan macromolecular complexes. Nature 407 26344197
1988 Expression patterns of the homeo box-containing genes En-1 and En-2 and the proto-oncogene int-1 diverge during mouse development. Genes & development 370 2907320
2007 Systematic analysis of the protein interaction network for the human transcription machinery reveals the identity of the 7SK capping enzyme. Molecular cell 367 17643375
2021 A proximity-dependent biotinylation map of a human cell. Nature 339 34079125
2003 The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome research 285 12975309
1990 The proto-oncogene int-1 encodes a secreted protein associated with the extracellular matrix. The EMBO journal 270 2158444
1987 Expression of the proto-oncogene int-1 is restricted to postmeiotic male germ cells and the neural tube of mid-gestational embryos. Cell 268 3594566
1998 Linkage of adhesion, filamentous growth, and virulence in Candida albicans to a single gene, INT1. Science (New York, N.Y.) 260 9478896
1986 Two proto-oncogenes implicated in mammary carcinogenesis, int-1 and int-2, are independently regulated during mouse development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 221 2429320
1990 Secreted int-1 protein is associated with the cell surface. Molecular and cellular biology 210 2140430
2013 PRP19 transforms into a sensor of RPA-ssDNA after DNA damage and drives ATR activation via a ubiquitin-mediated circuitry. Molecular cell 204 24332808
2018 An AP-MS- and BioID-compatible MAC-tag enables comprehensive mapping of protein interactions and subcellular localizations. Nature communications 201 29568061
1984 Structure and nucleotide sequence of the putative mammary oncogene int-1; proviral insertions leave the protein-encoding domain intact. Cell 193 6091914
1986 A retrovirus vector expressing the putative mammary oncogene int-1 causes partial transformation of a mammary epithelial cell line. Cell 182 3019559
2019 H4K20me0 recognition by BRCA1-BARD1 directs homologous recombination to sister chromatids. Nature cell biology 162 30804502
2020 Synthetic Lethal and Resistance Interactions with BET Bromodomain Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Molecular cell 159 32416067
2021 The PP2A-Integrator-CDK9 axis fine-tunes transcription and can be targeted therapeutically in cancer. Cell 152 34004147
2020 Identification of Integrator-PP2A complex (INTAC), an RNA polymerase II phosphatase. Science (New York, N.Y.) 151 33243860
2012 Functional proteomics establishes the interaction of SIRT7 with chromatin remodeling complexes and expands its role in regulation of RNA polymerase I transcription. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 145 22586326
1987 The int-1 proto-oncogene products are glycoproteins that appear to enter the secretory pathway. Molecular and cellular biology 139 3323883
2019 Mapping the proximity interaction network of the Rho-family GTPases reveals signalling pathways and regulatory mechanisms. Nature cell biology 137 31871319
2014 The central role of EED in the orchestration of polycomb group complexes. Nature communications 131 24457600
2018 SHLD2/FAM35A co-operates with REV7 to coordinate DNA double-strand break repair pathway choice. The EMBO journal 124 30154076
1991 Genomic structure and restricted neural expression of the zebrafish wnt-1 (int-1) gene. The EMBO journal 124 2009859
2022 The ubiquitin-dependent ATPase p97 removes cytotoxic trapped PARP1 from chromatin. Nature cell biology 122 35013556
1987 Transfection of the int-1 mammary oncogene in cuboidal RAC mammary cell line results in morphological transformation and tumorigenicity. The EMBO journal 112 3034569
1985 Nucleotide sequence and expression in vitro of cDNA derived from mRNA of int-1, a provirally activated mouse mammary oncogene. Molecular and cellular biology 112 3018519
1988 Isolation of a human gene with protein sequence similarity to human and murine int-1 and the Drosophila segment polarity mutant wingless. The EMBO journal 108 2971536
1985 The nucleotide sequence of the human int-1 mammary oncogene; evolutionary conservation of coding and non-coding sequences. The EMBO journal 96 2998762
1987 Identification of protein products encoded by the proto-oncogene int-1. Molecular and cellular biology 89 2828922
1984 Molecular cloning and chromosomal assignment of the human homolog of int-1, a mouse gene implicated in mammary tumorigenesis. Molecular and cellular biology 71 6513929
1989 Inducible overexpression and secretion of int-1 protein. Molecular and cellular biology 67 2677670
1987 Mapping of the oncogenes Myc, Sis, and int-1 to the distal part of mouse chromosome 15. Cytogenetics and cell genetics 64 3471390
1992 Hyperplasia of mouse mammary epithelium induced by expression of the Wnt-1 (int-1) oncogene in reconstituted mammary gland. Oncogene 61 1408145
1984 Mouse mammary tumor virus integration regions int-1 and int-2 map on different mouse chromosomes. Molecular and cellular biology 61 6321961
1990 The Wnt-1 (int-1) oncogene promoter and its mechanism of activation by insertion of proviral DNA of the mouse mammary tumor virus. Molecular and cellular biology 56 1695322
1990 Analysis of the int-1, int-2, c-myc, and neu oncogenes in human breast carcinomas. Cancer research 55 1975511
1987 Activation of int-1 and int-2 mammary oncogenes in hormone-dependent and -independent mammary tumors of GR mice. Journal of virology 52 3029401
2001 Candida albicans INT1-induced filamentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends on Sla2p. Molecular and cellular biology 42 11158313
2007 Targeted disruption of the murine large nuclear KIAA1440/Ints1 protein causes growth arrest in early blastocyst stage embryos and eventual apoptotic cell death. Biochimica et biophysica acta 40 17544522
1989 Transient expression of the proto-oncogene int-1 during differentiation of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells. Molecular and cellular biology 39 2657391
1988 Chromosome localization of the human oncogene INT1 to 12q13 by in situ hybridization. Cytogenetics and cell genetics 39 3281802
1989 The int-1 proto-oncogene is transcriptionally activated during neuroectodermal differentiation of P19 mouse embryonal carcinoma cells. Oncogene 38 2674852
2019 Biallelic sequence variants in INTS1 in patients with developmental delays, cataracts, and craniofacial anomalies. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 35 30622326
1987 The human int-1 gene is located at chromosome region 12q12-12q13 and is not rearranged in myxoid liposarcoma with t(12;16) (q13;p11). Oncogene research 35 3329717
1999 Effect of INT1 gene on Candida albicans murine intestinal colonization. The Journal of surgical research 32 10600356
1990 Insertion mutation of the int-1 and int-2 loci by mouse mammary tumor virus in premalignant and malignant neoplasms from the GR mouse strain. Journal of virology 30 2157060
1989 No amplification or rearrangement of INT1, GLI, or COL2A1 in uterine leiomyomas with t(12;14)(q14-15;q23-24). Cancer genetics and cytogenetics 25 2752373
1991 Host genetic background effect on the frequency of mouse mammary tumor virus-induced rearrangements of the int-1 and int-2 loci in mouse mammary tumors. Journal of virology 24 1712864
1991 The mouse Col2a-1 gene is highly conserved and is linked to Int-1 on chromosome 15. Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society 23 1797232
1986 Construction of a retroviral cDNA version of the int-1 mammary oncogene and its expression in vitro. Nucleic acids research 22 3003692
2016 Mycobacterium paraintracellulare sp. nov., for the genotype INT-1 of Mycobacterium intracellulare. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 20 27189351
2018 The Tonoplastic Inositol Transporter INT1 From Arabidopsis thaliana Impacts Cell Elongation in a Sucrose-Dependent Way. Frontiers in plant science 19 30505313
1999 Systemic infection following intravenous inoculation of mice with Candida albicans int1 mutant strains. Molecular genetics and metabolism 19 10444345
2019 Biallelic INTS1 Mutations Cause a Rare Neurodevelopmental Disorder in Two Chinese Siblings. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 17 31428919
1989 Expression of the int-1 and int-2 loci in endogenous mouse mammary tumor virus-induced mammary tumorigenesis in the C3Hf mouse. Journal of virology 16 2552179
2019 Nephrometry score correlated with tumor proliferative activity inT1 clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Urologic oncology 15 30826166
1992 Linkage relations between A2M, HOX3, INT1, KRAS2, and PAH on bovine chromosome 5. Genomics 15 1385300
1988 Drosophila homolog of the murine Int-1 protooncogene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 15 3129722
2016 Clinicopathological Implications of Wingless/int1 (WNT) Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Journal of UOEH 14 26972939
2000 The Candida albicans INT1 gene facilitates cecal colonization in endotoxin-treated mice. Shock (Augusta, Ga.) 14 10847632
2020 Detection of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase enzyme gene bla NDM-1 associated with the Int-1 gene in Gram-negative bacteria collected from the effluent treatment plant of a tuberculosis care hospital in Delhi, India. Access microbiology 12 32974589
2017 The treatment of wastewater containing pharmaceuticals in microcosm constructed wetlands: the occurrence of integrons (int1-2) and associated resistance genes (sul1-3, qacEΔ1). Environmental science and pollution research international 11 28493189
1990 Differentiation-dependent expression of provirus-activated int-1 oncogene in clonal cell lines derived from a mouse mammary tumor. Oncogene 11 2326076
1989 Translocation t(12;16)(q13;p11) in myxoid liposarcoma of a child and implication of the human int-1 gene in tumorigenesis. Japanese journal of cancer research : Gann 11 2515180
1989 The INT1 oncogene is not rearranged or amplified in lipomas with structural chromosomal abnormalities of 12q13-15. Cancer genetics and cytogenetics 11 2790742
1985 Mammary tumorigenesis in C3Hf/Ki mice: examination of germinal mouse mammary tumor viruses and the int-1 and int-2 putative proto-oncogenes. Virus research 9 2988229
2013 Co-occurrence of ACSSuT and cephalosporin resistance phenotypes is mediated by int1-associated elements in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica from human infections in Spain. Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) 6 23738829
1992 INT1 and GLI genes are not rearranged or amplified in benign pleomorphic adenomas with chromosome abnormalities of 12q13-15. Cancer genetics and cytogenetics 6 1309486
1988 Different int-1 region DNA rearrangements within different zones of a single mouse mammary tumor. Virology 6 2831652
2018 The anillin-related Int1 protein and the Sep7 septin collaborate to maintain cellular ploidy in Candida albicans. Scientific reports 5 29396461
2019 Rapid simultaneous detection of bla oxa-23, Ade-B, int-1, and ISCR-1 in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii using single-tube multiplex PCR and high resolution melting assay. Infection and drug resistance 4 31289445
2015 Effect of long-term exposure to mobile phone radiation on alpha-Int1 gene sequence of Candida albicans. Saudi journal of biological sciences 4 27081370
2024 A deleterious variant of INTS1 leads to disrupted sleep-wake cycles. Disease models & mechanisms 2 39189071
2022 Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Triggers Wingless/Int1-Independent Phosphorylation of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6 in Cerebral Cortical Neurons. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2 35964187
1986 The int-1 proto-oncogene. Princess Takamatsu symposia 2 3332019
2020 A Mildly Symptomatic Middle-Aged Woman with INT-1 Primary Myelofibrosis. Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia 1 32862853
2017 [Dissemination of insertion sequence common regions 1 and int1 gene and drug resistance of 483 Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia broiler isolates]. Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine] 1 29036989
2025 Novel Biallelic INTS1 Variants May Expand the Phenotypic Spectrum of INTS1-Related Disorders-Case Report and Literature Review. Genes 0 41010026
2025 INTS1 is required for maintaining accurate transcriptional integrity and behavior in zebrafish. NAR genomics and bioinformatics 0 41424761