| 1991 |
HIV-EP2 (HIVEP2) protein was identified as a large metal-finger transcription factor (1,833 aa, MW ~211 kDa) that binds to the HIV-1 enhancer with a DNA-binding domain consisting of a metal-finger structure, similar to HIV-EP1. The protein contains a nuclear localization signal followed by a Ser/Thr-rich region, a metal-finger DNA-binding domain, and a cluster of acidic amino acids. Expression of HIV-EP2 mRNA is greatly induced by mitogen and phorbol ester treatment of Jurkat T cells. |
cDNA cloning, cross-hybridization, protein domain analysis, Northern blotting, DNA-binding characterization |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
2022670
|
| 1994 |
MIBP1 (rat ortholog of HIVEP2/MBP-2) binds sequence-specifically to a 9-bp sequence in rat c-myc intron 1 via its zinc finger regions, demonstrated by expression of a fusion protein in E. coli. The protein has two widely separated zinc finger regions each carrying C2H2 motifs. |
cDNA cloning, in vitro DNA-binding assay with bacterially expressed fusion protein, Northern blotting |
Nucleic acids research |
Medium |
7838722
|
| 1996 |
MIBP1 (HIVEP2) and RFX1 associate in vivo to form a complex that binds to the EP element within hepatitis B virus enhancer I. The EP site alone can repress transcription of the SV40 promoter in a position- and orientation-independent manner, suggesting silencer function. |
Supershift assay with polyclonal antisera, DNA-protein complex analysis, transcriptional reporter assay |
Journal of virology |
Medium |
8709229
|
| 1997 |
MIBP1 (HIVEP2) and RFX1 can bind simultaneously, most likely as a heterodimer, to the NRE gamma subregion of the hepatitis B virus core promoter negative regulatory element, and this binding is required for the gene-suppressive activity of NRE gamma. |
DNA binding assay, mutagenesis of NRE gamma, gel mobility shift assay with RFX1 and MIBP1 |
Virology |
Medium |
9018153
|
| 1999 |
MIBP1 (HIVEP2) interacts specifically with a TC-rich enhancer element in the SSTR-2 promoter and with the SEF-2 initiator-binding protein to enhance transcription from the basal SSTR-2 promoter. MIBP1 mRNA expression overlaps precisely with SSTR-2 expression in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. |
cDNA library screening, DNA binding assay, transcriptional co-activation assay, in situ hybridization, Northern blotting |
Molecular and cellular biology |
Medium |
10207097
|
| 2000 |
MIBP1 (HIVEP2) and RFX1 are induced during retinoic acid-mediated granulocytic differentiation of HL60 cells. Both proteins are absent from undifferentiated HL60 cells and their induction is inversely correlated with down-regulation of c-myc levels, supporting a role for MIBP1 in silencing c-myc during differentiation. |
Immunoblot, gel mobility shift assay, retinoic acid differentiation assay, time-course analysis |
The Biochemical journal |
Low |
10642512
|
| 2001 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2) knockout mice exhibit severely defective positive selection of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the thymus, establishing that Shn-2 is required for the survival signals initiated by T cell receptor engagement during positive selection. |
Shn-2 knockout mouse model, flow cytometry of thymocyte populations |
Nature immunology |
High |
11668343
|
| 2002 |
MIBP1 (HIVEP2) represses c-myc transcription from the major promoter P2. MIBP1 physically interacts with the Ski-interacting protein (SKIP), confirmed by yeast two-hybrid, in vitro pull-down assay, and co-immunoprecipitation. The acidic region of MIBP1 interacts with the N-terminal half of SKIP. MIBP1 is highly expressed in post-mitotic neurons but not in immature neuroepithelium. |
Transcriptional reporter assay, yeast two-hybrid, in vitro pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation, in situ hybridization |
Journal of biochemistry |
High |
11872163
|
| 2005 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2)-deficient mice show dramatically enhanced differentiation of naive T cells into Th2 cells with constitutive activation of NF-κB and enhanced GATA3 induction. Shn-2 competes with p50 NF-κB for binding to a consensus NF-κB motif and inhibits NF-κB-driven promoter activity, establishing Shn-2 as a negative regulator of Th2 differentiation via NF-κB repression. |
Shn-2 KO mouse, in vitro Th1/Th2 differentiation assay, NF-κB binding competition assay, promoter reporter assay, flow cytometry |
The Journal of experimental medicine |
High |
15699073
|
| 2006 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2) KO mice have reduced white adipose tissue and Shn-2-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts cannot efficiently differentiate into adipocytes. Shn-2 enters the nucleus upon BMP-2 stimulation and, in cooperation with Smad1/4 and C/EBPalpha, induces PPARgamma2 expression. Shn-2 directly interacts with both Smad1/4 and C/EBPalpha on the PPARgamma2 promoter. |
Shn-2 KO mouse, MEF differentiation assay, nuclear translocation imaging, co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, reporter assay |
Developmental cell |
High |
16580992
|
| 2006 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2) KO mice exhibit hypersensitivity to stress, increased anxiety-like behavior, hyperactivity, and elevated stress-induced corticosterone levels. Basal and stress-induced c-Fos expression are decreased in Shn-2 KO mice, indicating a role for Shn-2 in regulating neuronal immediate-early gene expression and stress responses. |
Shn-2 KO mouse, behavioral testing, corticosterone measurement, immunohistochemistry for c-Fos |
Brain research |
Medium |
16836985
|
| 2007 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2) deficiency suppresses osteoblastic bone formation (reduced osterix, osteocalcin, mineralization) and osteoclastic bone resorption (reduced Nfatc1, c-fos, TRAP-positive cells). Shn-2 overexpression enhances osteocalcin promoter activity and BMP-dependent osteoblastic differentiation, placing Shn-2 as a positive regulator of transcription factors required for bone remodeling. |
Shn-2 KO mouse, bone histomorphometry, in vitro mineralization assay, promoter reporter assay, bone marrow cell culture |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
17311925
|
| 2007 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2)-deficient effector Th1/Th2 cells have increased susceptibility to apoptosis associated with increased FasL expression, leading to failure in memory T cell generation. Shn-2 repression of NF-κB controls FasL expression and is required for cell survival during memory T cell formation. |
Shn-2 KO mouse, adoptive transfer, BrdU incorporation, apoptosis assay, CD69/FasL measurement, p65 NF-κB overexpression experiment |
Journal of immunology |
High |
17404274
|
| 2009 |
CLIC4 interacts with Schnurri-2 (HIVEP2) in the cytoplasm upon TGF-beta stimulation, and they co-translocate to the nucleus. In the nucleus, CLIC4 associates with phospho-Smad2 and phospho-Smad3, protecting them from dephosphorylation by nuclear phosphatases. In the absence of Schnurri-2, TGF-beta signaling is abrogated; direct nuclear targeting of CLIC4 rescues signaling and removes the requirement for Schnurri-2. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, nuclear fractionation, TGF-beta signaling assays, siRNA knockdown, nuclear targeting constructs, phospho-Smad immunoblot |
Nature cell biology |
High |
19448624
|
| 2011 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2) functions downstream of TCR proximal signaling to dampen Bax activation and the mitochondrial death pathway in double-positive thymocytes. Shn-2-deficient DP thymocytes inappropriately undergo negative selection in response to positive-selecting signals. Shn-2 levels increase after TCR stimulation. Genetic ablation of TCR-induced death rescues positive selection in Shn-2-deficient mice. |
Shn-2 KO mouse, genetic epistasis (death pathway ablation cross), Bax activation assay, in vitro TCR stimulation, in vivo selection assays, flow cytometry |
Nature |
High |
21475200
|
| 2011 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2) deficiency in NK cells leads to decreased perforin and granzyme-B expression, reduced STAT5 phosphorylation, enhanced STAT3 phosphorylation and NF-κB p65 expression, and decreased surface activation markers (CD27, CD69, CD122), resulting in impaired NK cell cytotoxicity and spontaneous CD3-positive lymphoma development. |
Shn-2 KO mouse, cytotoxicity assay, immunoblot for perforin/granzyme-B, phospho-STAT analysis, flow cytometry |
Leukemia & lymphoma |
Medium |
21936769
|
| 2012 |
MIBP1 (HIVEP2) globally represses NF-κB target gene expression. MIBP1 binds to the NF-κB binding site and represses NF-κB-responsive promoter activity in reporter assays. Knockdown of endogenous MIBP1 upregulates NF-κB pathway genes. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is a prominent MIBP1 binding partner identified by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry; a 154-amino acid region of MIBP1 is required for OGT binding and O-GlcNAcylation of MIBP1. O-GlcNAcylation attenuates MIBP1-mediated NF-κB repression. |
Microarray with GSEA, MIBP1 overexpression and knockdown, NF-κB reporter assay, Co-IP with mass spectrometry, deletion mutagenesis, luciferase assay |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
22294689
|
| 2019 |
HIVEP2 is expressed in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of dopaminergic neurons and can target the intronic sequence GTGGCTTTCT of SLC6A3 (DAT), thereby activating the SLC6A3 gene. |
Immunofluorescence localization, chromatin binding/transcriptional activation assay for SLC6A3 intronic target |
Translational psychiatry |
Low |
31586043
|
| 2022 |
Shn-2 (HIVEP2) is upregulated in the L4-L6 spinal cord segments following spared nerve injury. Knockdown of Shn-2 using lentivirus decreases GluN2D subunit and GluR1 levels in the spinal cord and alleviates mechanical allodynia, indicating Shn-2 promotes expression of excitatory glutamate receptor subunits and contributes to neuropathic pain. |
Spared nerve injury mouse model, lentiviral knockdown of Shn-2, immunoblot for GluN2D and GluR1, mechanical allodynia testing |
Neuroscience |
Medium |
35218885
|