Affinage

HDGFL2

Hepatoma-derived growth factor-related protein 2 · UniProt Q7Z4V5

Length
671 aa
Mass
74.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
99 papers in source corpus 15 papers cited in narrative 15 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

HDGFL2 (HRP-2) is a chromatin-associated reader-adaptor that couples recognition of methylated histone marks to the recruitment of effector machineries governing transcription, genome silencing, DNA repair, and—when hijacked—retroviral integration (PMID:32459350, PMID:22396646). Its PWWP domain preferentially engages H3K36me2-marked chromatin through a defined aromatic cage that has been resolved by X-ray crystallography in complex with small-molecule ligands, while its LEDGF/p75-like integrase-binding domain (IBD) provides the protein-protein interface that tethers effectors to those chromatin sites (PMID:32459350, PMID:39031937). The IBD binds HIV-1 integrase, stimulates its strand-transfer activity, and reconstitutes salt-disrupted preintegration complexes in vitro; in cells lacking LEDGF/p75, HDGFL2 serves as an alternative chromatin-tethering cofactor that determines integration-site selection toward active genes, a role demonstrated by knockout, knockdown, overexpression rescue, and genome-wide integration mapping in human and mouse cells (PMID:16337983, PMID:23046603, PMID:23042676, PMID:36146690). Through the same domains HDGFL2 recruits chromatin-remodeling and epigenetic complexes: it binds the BAF subunit DPF3a to deliver the BRG1 ATPase and open chromatin at myogenic loci, driving myogenic gene transcription and muscle regeneration (PMID:32459350), and it recruits the histone demethylase MINA to maintain H3K27me3 at target loci (PMID:35166240). In t(4;14) multiple myeloma, loss of HDGFL2 elevates H3K27me3-opposing marks and chromatin accessibility—including derepression of MICU1—producing transcriptomic changes that limit ER stress and Ca2+-driven mitochondrial damage, thereby conferring proteasome-inhibitor resistance (PMID:35166240, PMID:40058268). HDGFL2 additionally associates with the HUSH-complex subunit MPP8 and with MLL/KMT2A, linking it to heterochromatin-related gene silencing and leukemic colony formation (PMID:34415726, PMID:33477970). Together with LEDGF/p75 it is required for cardiac morphogenesis, as Psip1/Hdgfrp2 double-deficient mice die with ventricular septal defects (PMID:26367869).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 8 steps
  1. 2005 High

    Established the biochemical basis for HDGFL2 acting on HIV-1 integrase, answering whether it could directly modulate integration chemistry.

    Evidence In vitro PIC reconstitution and recombinant protein binding with domain mutants in HeLa-P4 cells

    PMID:16337983

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not establish relative importance versus LEDGF/p75 in cells
    • Chromatin-tethering role not yet defined
  2. 2012 High

    Defined HDGFL2 as a functional backup tethering cofactor for HIV-1, resolving how viral integration persists when LEDGF/p75 is absent.

    Evidence LEDGF/p75 knockout human cells with HRP-2 knockdown, spreading infection and integration-site sequencing, overexpression rescue, plus Psip1/Hdgfrp2 double-KO mouse cells and heteromer/splice-isoform analyses

    PMID:22212508 PMID:22396646 PMID:23042676 PMID:23046603

    Open questions at the time
    • The endogenous (non-viral) chromatin function still undefined at this stage
    • Which histone mark directs HDGFL2 tethering not yet shown
  3. 2020 High

    Identified HDGFL2 as a histone-mark reader and chromatin-remodeler adaptor in a physiological context, linking PWWP recognition of H3K36me2 to transcriptional activation.

    Evidence CRISPR knockout mice with muscle-regeneration phenotype, Co-IP and recombinant binding to DPF3a/BAF, ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, RNA-seq

    PMID:32459350

    Open questions at the time
    • Generality of the H3K36me2-PWWP mechanism beyond muscle not addressed
    • Direct BRG1 recruitment dynamics not kinetically resolved
  4. 2015 Medium

    Probed HDGFL2 roles in tissue development and cancer, indicating a transcription/processing co-factor activity and a requirement in cardiac morphogenesis.

    Evidence Psip1/Hdgfrp2 double-KO mice with VSD and ventricular RNA-seq; HCC overexpression/knockdown with xenografts and IWS1 affinity purification

    PMID:25689719 PMID:26367869

    Open questions at the time
    • TGF-β pathway link is inferential from expression data
    • IWS1 interaction rests on a single pulldown without reciprocal validation
  5. 2021 High

    Expanded the HDGFL2 interactome to silencing and leukemia-associated complexes, addressing what effectors it recruits beyond BAF.

    Evidence Chemoproteomic pulldown and ChIP colocalization with MPP8/HUSH at E-cadherin; Co-IP and NMR validation of MLL/KMT2A interaction with KO mouse hematopoiesis and leukemic colony assays

    PMID:33477970 PMID:34415726

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of HUSH association on silencing not directly tested
    • HDGFL2 dispensable for MLL-ENL transformation, leaving its leukemic role partial
  6. 2022 High

    Defined a tumor-suppressive epigenetic axis, explaining how HDGFL2 loss drives proteasome-inhibitor resistance in multiple myeloma.

    Evidence Genome-wide CRISPR screen, HRP2 knockdown, H3K27me3 ChIP, MINA recruitment, in vitro/in vivo bortezomib and tazemetostat assays; double-KO integration mapping under ALLINI treatment

    PMID:35166240 PMID:36146690

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of MINA recruitment by the IBD not structurally resolved
    • Direct demethylase coupling versus indirect effects on H3K27me3 not fully separated
  7. 2024 Medium

    Provided structural and additional functional dimensions—an inhibitable PWWP aromatic cage, a DNA-repair recruitment role, and a TDP-43-linked cryptic-protein readout.

    Evidence Fragment-based screening with X-ray co-crystal structures of the PWWP domain; recruitment of HR repair proteins to damaged silent chromatin; cryptic HDGFL2 protein detection in TDP-43 pathology

    PMID:38539264 PMID:39031937

    Open questions at the time
    • DNA-repair recruitment mechanism not biochemically dissected
    • Cryptic-protein finding (Low confidence) lacks mechanistic detail on production and function
  8. 2025 Medium

    Connected HDGFL2 chromatin control to mitochondrial calcium handling, identifying MICU1 derepression as a resistance effector.

    Evidence BTZ-resistant MM cells with HRP2 KO/KD/OE, H3K27Ac ChIP, ATAC-seq, in vivo model, and MICU1-inhibition rescue

    PMID:40058268

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct versus indirect regulation of the MICU1 locus by HDGFL2 not fully separated
    • Single-lab finding without independent replication

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How HDGFL2 selects among its distinct effector partners (BAF, MINA, HUSH, MLL, HIV integrase) at specific chromatin sites, and what governs this partner choice, remains unresolved.
  • No unifying model for context-dependent effector selection
  • Structural basis of IBD-effector versus IBD-integrase discrimination not defined
  • In vivo physiological role of endogenous HDGFL2 outside muscle and heart underexplored

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 4 GO:0042393 histone binding 3 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 2 GO:0003677 DNA binding 1
Localization
GO:0005694 chromosome 3 GO:0005634 nucleus 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 3 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 2 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 2
Partners
DPF3HDGFIWS1KMT2ALEDGF/P75MINAMPP8

Evidence

Reading pass · 15 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2012 HRP-2 (HDGFL2) contains an integrase-binding domain (IBD) identical to that of LEDGF/p75 and can bind HIV-1 integrase (IN), stimulating its integration activity; in LEDGF/p75 knockout cells, HRP-2 mediates residual HIV-1 replication and partially compensates for LEDGF/p75 loss in tethering the pre-integration complex to chromatin. Human somatic LEDGF/p75 knockout cell line (homologous recombination), spreading HIV-1 infection assay, siRNA knockdown of HRP-2, LEDIN inhibitor competition assay PLoS pathogens High 22396646
2005 HRP-2 (HDGFL2) tightly binds HIV-1 integrase and stimulates its strand-transfer activity in vitro; recombinant HRP-2 efficiently reconstitutes the in vitro activity of HIV-1 preintegration complexes (PICs) disrupted by high-salt treatment, requiring both the IN-binding and DNA-binding activities. In vitro PIC reconstitution assay, recombinant protein binding, siRNA knockdown of HRP-2 and/or LEDGF/p75 in HeLa-P4 cells Virology High 16337983
2012 HRP-2 (HDGFL2) determines HIV-1 integration site selection in LEDGF/p75-depleted cells; HRP-2 overexpression in LEDGF/p75 KO cells rescues integration frequency in RefSeq genes to wild-type levels, while additional HRP-2 knockdown in LEDGF/p75-depleted cells shifts integration distribution toward random, demonstrating HRP-2 as an alternative chromatin-tethering cofactor for HIV-1 IN. LEDGF/p75 KO and HRP-2 KD cell lines, genome-wide HIV-1 integration site sequencing, HRP-2 overexpression rescue experiments Retrovirology High 23046603
2012 In Psip1/Hdgfrp2 double-knockout mouse cells, disruption of Hdgfrp2 in Psip1 KO cells yields additional defects in efficiency and specificity of HIV-1 integration beyond those seen in Psip1 KO alone; ectopic expression of either LEDGF/p75 or HRP-2 largely restores these deficits, confirming that HRP-2 contributes to integration targeting in vivo. Hdgfrp2 and Psip1/Hdgfrp2 double-KO mouse-derived cells infected with HIV-1, integration site sequencing, ectopic re-expression Nucleic acids research High 23042676
2020 HRP2 (HDGFL2) acts as a key regulator of myogenic differentiation: through its PWWP domain it preferentially binds H3K36me2-marked chromatin, and through its IBD it directly interacts with the BAF chromatin remodeling complex subunit DPF3a (BAF45c), thereby recruiting BRG1 (the BAF ATPase) to increase chromatin accessibility at myogenic gene loci and activate their transcription. siRNA screening, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout in mice (impaired muscle regeneration phenotype), co-immunoprecipitation, recombinant protein binding, ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, RNA-seq Nucleic acids research High 32459350
2022 HRP2 (HDGFL2) recognizes H3K36me2 via its PWWP domain and recruits the histone demethylase MINA to remove H3K27me3 at target loci; knockdown of HRP2 augments H3K27me3 levels, promoting transcriptome alterations that support cell survival and restrict ER stress, thereby conferring resistance to proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma with t(4;14). CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA library screen, HRP2 knockdown in MM cells, H3K27me3 ChIP, in vitro and in vivo bortezomib sensitivity assays, tazemetostat combination treatment The Journal of clinical investigation High 35166240
2015 HRP-2 (HDGFL2) acts as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma: it promotes cell growth in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in vivo; by protein affinity purification it interacts with proteins involved in transcription elongation/processing including RNA processing regulator IWS1, and positively regulates Cyclin D1 mRNA levels, suggesting a role as an mRNA processing co-factor. Overexpression and knockdown in HCC cells, xenograft mouse model, protein affinity purification, co-localization with IWS1 Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 25689719
2015 Hdgfrp2 knockout mice develop normally and are fertile, but Psip1/Hdgfrp2 double-deficient mice die at approximately embryonic day 13.5 with ventricular septal defect (VSD); RNA-seq of ventricular tissue from double-KO embryos revealed deregulation of TGF-β signaling pathway but not global RNA splicing, implicating TGF-β as a contributing mechanism to the cardiac morphogenesis defect. Conditional and systemic gene knockout in mice, histological examination, RNA-sequencing of ventricular tissue, bioinformatic pathway analysis PloS one Medium 26367869
2021 HRP-2 (HDGFL2) interacts with MLL (KMT2A) through a conserved interface (demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation and validated by NMR using recombinant proteins), though this interaction is less dependent on menin than the MLL-LEDGF/p75 interaction; HRP-2 knockout mice show only increased peripheral blood neutrophils; depletion of HRP-2 in leukemic cell lines reduces colony formation independently of MLL rearrangements, but HRP-2 is dispensable for MLL-ENL-driven leukemic transformation of primary murine cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, NMR with recombinant proteins, systemic KO mouse model (hematopoiesis analysis), lentiviral miRNA-mediated KD in leukemic cell lines, colony formation assay, MLL-ENL transformation of primary murine cells Cells High 33477970
2012 HRP-2 (HDGFL2) forms heteromers with HDGF; a previously unknown splice isoform of HRP-2 (isoform c, with a 53-amino acid deletion in the hath region) preferentially interacts with a processed form of HDGF and, unlike other HRP-2 isoforms, binds to chromatin in a pattern similar to LEDGF/p75, with potential consequences for HIV integration. Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous and overexpressed proteins, identification of new HRP-2 splice variant by RT-PCR/sequencing, chromatin binding assay, confocal microscopy The FEBS journal Medium 22212508
2021 HRP2 (HDGFL2) associates with M-phase phosphoprotein 8 (MPP8), a component of the human silencing hub (HUSH) complex; HRP2 colocalizes with MPP8 at the E-cadherin gene locus, suggesting a role in heterochromatin-related gene silencing and cancer cell plasticity. OBOC combinatorial screening to identify peptidomimetic MPP8 chromodomain ligand (UNC5246), biotinylated UNC5246 chemoproteomics pulldown, colocalization by ChIP at E-cadherin locus ACS chemical biology Medium 34415726
2022 LEDGF/p75 and HDGFL2 (HRP-2) together largely account for allosteric integrase inhibitor (ALLINI)-mediated HIV-1 integration retargeting away from speckle-associated domain genes during early infection; double KO of both factors phenocopies ALLINI-treated cells in integration site distribution. LEDGF/p75 and HDGFL2 single and double KO cells, HIV-1 infection with ALLINI treatment, genome-wide integration site mapping Viruses High 36146690
2024 HDGFL2 PWWP domain recognizes methylated histones to recruit homologous recombination repair proteins to damaged silent chromatin genes; fragment-based screening identified two small-molecule inhibitors (varenicline and BPP) that engage the aromatic cage of the HDGFRP2 PWWP domain via distinct binding mechanisms, as revealed by X-ray co-crystal structures. Fragment-based screening, X-ray crystallography of HDGFRP2 PWWP domain in complex with inhibitors, biochemical binding assays FEBS letters High 39031937
2024 TDP-43 dysfunction leads to production of cryptic proteins from the HDGFL2 locus, which can serve as markers of TDP-43 pathology in neurodegenerative diseases. Detection of HDGFL2 cryptic proteins in patient samples and disease models with TDP-43 pathology Molecular neurodegeneration Low 38539264
2025 HRP2 (HDGFL2) depletion in multiple myeloma cells results in elevated acetylation of H3K27 (H3K27Ac) and enhanced chromatin accessibility and transcriptional elongation of the MICU1 gene, leading to increased MICU1 expression, reduced Ca2+ overload-induced mitochondrial damage, and bortezomib resistance; MICU1 suppression restores BTZ sensitivity both in vitro and in a mouse model. BTZ-resistant MM cell line generation, HRP2 KO/KD and OE, H3K27Ac ChIP, ATAC-seq, in vivo mouse MM model, MICU1 inhibition rescue experiments Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) Medium 40058268

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 99 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1994 Diagnosis of malaria by detection of Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 antigen with a rapid dipstick antigen-capture assay. Lancet (London, England) 235 7906328
2012 False-negative rapid diagnostic tests for malaria and deletion of the histidine-rich repeat region of the hrp2 gene. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 222 22302847
2023 Increasing Prevalence of Artemisinin-Resistant HRP2-Negative Malaria in Eritrea. The New England journal of medicine 140 37754284
2001 Persistence of Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 in successfully treated acute falciparum malaria. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 133 11355555
2008 Operational accuracy and comparative persistent antigenicity of HRP2 rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a hyperendemic region of Uganda. Malaria journal 127 18959777
2012 Genetic deletion of HRP2 and HRP3 in Indian Plasmodium falciparum population and false negative malaria rapid diagnostic test. Acta tropica 116 23041541
2012 LEDGF/p75-independent HIV-1 replication demonstrates a role for HRP-2 and remains sensitive to inhibition by LEDGINs. PLoS pathogens 113 22396646
2019 HRP2: Transforming Malaria Diagnosis, but with Caveats. Trends in parasitology 110 31848119
2017 False-negative malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Rwanda: impact of Plasmodium falciparum isolates lacking hrp2 and declining malaria transmission. Malaria journal 108 28320390
2017 Modelling the drivers of the spread of Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 gene deletions in sub-Saharan Africa. eLife 87 28837020
2005 Biochemical and genetic analyses of integrase-interacting proteins lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF)/p75 and hepatoma-derived growth factor related protein 2 (HRP2) in preintegration complex function and HIV-1 replication. Virology 86 16337983
2001 Persistent ICT malaria P.f/P.v panmalarial and HRP2 antigen reactivity after treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is associated with gametocytemia and results in false-positive diagnoses of Plasmodium vivax in convalescence. Journal of clinical microbiology 85 11230422
2012 HRP2 determines the efficiency and specificity of HIV-1 integration in LEDGF/p75 knockout cells but does not contribute to the antiviral activity of a potent LEDGF/p75-binding site integrase inhibitor. Nucleic acids research 82 23042676
2007 Comparison of HRP2- and pLDH-based rapid diagnostic tests for malaria with longitudinal follow-up in Kampala, Uganda. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 78 17556616
2018 Performance of an ultra-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test with recombinant HRP2, culture parasites, and archived whole blood samples. Malaria journal 68 29549888
2011 Laboratory demonstration of a prozone-like effect in HRP2-detecting malaria rapid diagnostic tests: implications for clinical management. Malaria journal 63 21957869
2020 High prevalence and extended deletions in Plasmodium falciparum hrp2/3 genomic loci in Ethiopia. PloS one 62 33152025
2012 HRP-2 determines HIV-1 integration site selection in LEDGF/p75 depleted cells. Retrovirology 58 23046603
2018 High proportions of pfhrp2 gene deletion and performance of HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates of Odisha. Malaria journal 52 30373573
2018 Posttreatment HRP2 Clearance in Patients with Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria. The Journal of infectious diseases 50 29220497
2010 Performance of HRP-2 based rapid diagnostic test for malaria and its variation with age in an area of intense malaria transmission in southern Tanzania. Malaria journal 49 20974009
2022 High-throughput Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 and hrp3 gene deletion typing by digital PCR to monitor malaria rapid diagnostic test efficacy. eLife 45 35762586
2017 Measuring the Plasmodium falciparum HRP2 protein in blood from artesunate-treated malaria patients predicts post-artesunate delayed hemolysis. Science translational medicine 43 28679662
2015 Genetic variation of pfhrp2 in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Yemen and the performance of HRP2-based malaria rapid diagnostic test. Parasites & vectors 43 26198252
2022 Factors Affecting the Performance of HRP2-Based Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests. Tropical medicine and infectious disease 41 36288006
2021 HRP2 and HRP3 cross-reactivity and implications for HRP2-based RDT use in regions with Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 gene deletions. Malaria journal 40 33926477
2020 HRP2-DPF3a-BAF complex coordinates histone modification and chromatin remodeling to regulate myogenic gene transcription. Nucleic acids research 37 32459350
2014 Use of a three-band HRP2/pLDH combination rapid diagnostic test increases diagnostic specificity for falciparum malaria in Ugandan children. Malaria journal 37 24484540
2020 Limitations of rapid diagnostic tests in malaria surveys in areas with varied transmission intensity in Uganda 2017-2019: Implications for selection and use of HRP2 RDTs. PloS one 31 33382787
2016 HRP2 and pLDH-Based Rapid Diagnostic Tests, Expert Microscopy, and PCR for Detection of Malaria Infection during Pregnancy and at Delivery in Areas of Varied Transmission: A Prospective Cohort Study in Burkina Faso and Uganda. PloS one 31 27380525
2024 HDGFL2 cryptic proteins report presence of TDP-43 pathology in neurodegenerative diseases. Molecular neurodegeneration 29 38539264
2024 Widespread pfhrp2/3 deletions and HRP2-based false-negative results in southern Ethiopia. Malaria journal 28 38632640
2021 Diagnostic performance of an ultrasensitive HRP2-based malaria rapid diagnostic test kit used in surveys of afebrile people living in Southern Ghana. Malaria journal 28 33653356
2014 Lessons learned from the use of HRP-2 based rapid diagnostic test in community-wide screening and treatment of asymptomatic carriers of Plasmodium falciparum in Burkina Faso. Malaria journal 28 24467946
2015 Performance of an HRP-2 rapid diagnostic test in Nigerian children less than 5 years of age. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 26 25711608
2020 Prevalence and clinical impact of malaria infections detected with a highly sensitive HRP2 rapid diagnostic test in Beninese pregnant women. Malaria journal 25 32448310
2013 Field evaluation of HRP2 and pan pLDH-based immunochromatographic assay in therapeutic monitoring of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Myanmar. Malaria journal 25 23577630
2009 HRP-2, the Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of mammalian heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins Q and R, is an alternative splicing factor that binds to UCUAUC splicing regulatory elements. The Journal of biological chemistry 25 19706616
2021 Epidemiology of mutant Plasmodium falciparum parasites lacking histidine-rich protein 2/3 genes in Eritrea 2 years after switching from HRP2-based RDTs. Scientific reports 24 34702923
2019 Concurrence of CareStart™ Malaria HRP2 RDT with microscopy in population screening for Plasmodium falciparum infection in the Mount Cameroon area: predictors for RDT positivity. Tropical medicine and health 24 30867636
2013 Direct comparison of the histidine-rich protein-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (HRP-2 ELISA) and malaria SYBR green I fluorescence (MSF) drug sensitivity tests in Plasmodium falciparum reference clones and fresh ex vivo field isolates from Cambodia. Malaria journal 24 23849006
2011 Placental Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection: operational accuracy of HRP2 rapid diagnostic tests in a malaria endemic setting. Malaria journal 24 22004666
2014 Capture of the circulating Plasmodium falciparum biomarker HRP2 in a multiplexed format, via a wearable skin patch. Analytical chemistry 23 25232916
2019 Monitoring the threatened utility of malaria rapid diagnostic tests by novel high-throughput detection of Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 and hrp3 deletions: A cross-sectional, diagnostic accuracy study. EBioMedicine 21 31761619
2022 Epigenomic reprogramming via HRP2-MINA dictates response to proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma with t(4;14) translocation. The Journal of clinical investigation 20 35166240
2019 Assessing Performance of HRP2 Antigen Detection for Malaria Diagnosis in Mozambique. Journal of clinical microbiology 20 31270184
2015 HDGF-related protein-2 (HRP-2) acts as an oncogene to promote cell growth in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20 25689719
2004 HRP-2, a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein, is essential for embryogenesis and oogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Experimental cell research 20 15265690
2024 A Countrywide Survey of hrp2/3 Deletions and kelch13 Mutations Co-occurrence in Ethiopia. The Journal of infectious diseases 18 39083679
2019 Clinical diagnostic evaluation of HRP2 and pLDH-based rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in an area receiving seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Niger. Malaria journal 18 31878947
2021 A Peptidomimetic Ligand Targeting the Chromodomain of MPP8 Reveals HRP2's Association with the HUSH Complex. ACS chemical biology 17 34415726
2017 Case Report: A Case of Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 and hrp3 Gene Mutation in Bangladesh. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 17 28820682
2017 Plasmodium falciparum HRP2 ELISA for analysis of dried blood spot samples in rural Zambia. Malaria journal 13 28835253
2015 Embryonic Lethality Due to Arrested Cardiac Development in Psip1/Hdgfrp2 Double-Deficient Mice. PloS one 12 26367869
2015 Use of a rapid test to assess plasma Plasmodium falciparum HRP2 and guide management of severe febrile illness. Malaria journal 12 26391009
2022 The in-vivo dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum HRP2: implications for the use of rapid diagnostic tests in malaria elimination. Malaria journal 11 35922803
2022 Evaluation of HRP2 and pLDH-based rapid diagnostic tests for malaria and prevalence of pfhrp2/3 deletions in Aweil, South Sudan. Malaria journal 11 36085071
2021 Unlike Its Paralog LEDGF/p75, HRP-2 Is Dispensable for MLL-R Leukemogenesis but Important for Leukemic Cell Survival. Cells 11 33477970
2021 Diagnostic Accuracy of CareStart™ Malaria HRP2 and SD Bioline Pf/PAN for Malaria in Febrile Outpatients in Varying Malaria Transmission Settings in Cameroon. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) 11 34573898
2019 Malaria Parasite Density in Individuals with Different Rapid Diagnostic Test Results and Concentrations of HRP2 Antigen. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 11 30915959
2023 Low frequency of Plasmodium falciparum hrp2/3 deletions from symptomatic infections at a primary healthcare facility in Kilifi, Kenya. Frontiers in epidemiology 10 38455911
2020 Using the Ultrasensitive Alere Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Ag HRP-2™ Rapid Diagnostic Test in the Field and Clinic in Northeastern Uganda. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 10 32602431
2013 Accuracy of HRP2 RDT (Malaria Antigen P.f®) compared to microscopy and PCR for malaria diagnosis in Senegal. Pathogens and global health 10 23916337
2023 Quantification of Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 as an alternative method to [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation to measure the parasite reduction ratio in vitro. International journal of antimicrobial agents 9 37348620
2022 Allosteric Integrase Inhibitor Influences on HIV-1 Integration and Roles of LEDGF/p75 and HDGFL2 Host Factors. Viruses 9 36146690
2022 Evaluation of an ultrasensitive HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test for detection of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia among children in western Kenya. Malaria journal 9 36380379
2022 Persistence of Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 antigenaemia after artemisinin combination therapy is not associated with gametocytes. Malaria journal 9 36474274
2012 Interaction of HRP-2 isoforms with HDGF: chromatin binding of a specific heteromer. The FEBS journal 9 22212508
2003 Malaria drug-susceptibility testing. HRP2-based assays: current data, future perspectives. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 9 15508776
2024 Limited threat of Plasmodium falciparum pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletion to the utility of HRP2-based malaria RDTs in Northern Uganda. Malaria journal 8 38167003
2022 Performance of antigen detection for HRP2-based malaria rapid diagnostic tests in community surveys: Tanzania, July-November 2017. Malaria journal 8 36457087
2012 Comparison of placental blood microscopy and the ICT HRP2 rapid diagnostic test to detect placental malaria. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 8 22818744
2001 Field trial of the RTM dipstick method for the rapid diagnosis of malaria based on the detection of Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 antigen in whole blood. Tropical doctor 8 11205592
2026 Performance of a Novel Plasmodium falciparum Rapid Diagnostic Test in Areas of Widespread hrp2/3 Gene Deletion. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 7 40274531
2025 Bola-Amphiphilic Dendrimer Enhances Imatinib to Target Metastatic Ovarian Cancer via β-Catenin-HRP2 Signaling Axis. ACS applied materials & interfaces 7 39752231
2020 Diagnostic Performance between Histidine-Rich Protein 2 (HRP-2), a Rapid Malaria Diagnostic Test and Microscopic-Based Staining Techniques for Diagnosis of Malaria. Journal of tropical medicine 7 32280351
2022 Neuregulin-1/ErbB4 signaling modulates Plasmodium falciparum HRP2-induced damage to brain cortical organoids. iScience 6 35663028
2021 PERSISTENCE OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM HRP2 ANTIGEN AFTER EFFECTIVE ANTIMALARIAL THERAPY. Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine 6 35330886
2023 Field evaluation of the novel One Step Malaria Pf and Pf/Pv rapid diagnostic tests and the proportion of HRP-2 gene deletion identified on samples collected in the Pwani region, Tanzania. Bulletin of the National Research Centre 5 36776799
2014 Evaluation of wondfo rapid diagnostic kit (Pf-HRP2/PAN-pLDH) for diagnosis of malaria by using nano-gold immunochromatographic assay. Acta parasitologica 5 24827097
2025 Evaluation of CareStart™ malaria HRP2/pLDH (Pf/PAN) combo rapid diagnostic test for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection in malaria co-endemic areas in association with parasite density. Malaria journal 4 39930468
2024 Novel Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 repeat type in Ethiopian malaria infection: does this affect performance of HRP2-based malaria RDT? Malaria journal 4 39210318
2023 Portable and cost-effective genetic detection and characterization of Plasmodium falciparum hrp2 using the MinION sequencer. Scientific reports 4 36801925
2005 Drug sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum along the Thai-Myanmar border using the new field-deployable HRP2 in vitro assay. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 4 16416383
2025 First report of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions compromising HRP2-based malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Malawi. Infectious diseases of poverty 3 41068992
2022 Modelling the epidemiology of malaria and spread of HRP2-negative Plasmodium falciparum following the replacement of HRP2-detecting rapid diagnostic tests. PLOS global public health 3 36962137
2010 Plasmodium falciparum malaria detected by HRP-2 antigenemia before microscopic- and PCR-positive conversion. Annals of clinical and laboratory science 3 20421630
2025 Very low prevalence of validated kelch13 mutations and absence of hrp2/3 double gene deletions in South African malaria-eliminating districts (2022-2024). medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 2 40236387
2025 Prevalence of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 gene deletions among patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria with false-negative in the HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test in Colombia. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 2 40531671
2004 [Interpreteation of immunochromatographic tests with HRP-2 antigen in children under 5 years in an area of high risk of malaria transmission in Papua New Guinea]. Wiadomosci parazytologiczne 2 16859025
2025 High prevalence and emerging positive association of kelch13 R622I and HRP2-based RDT negativity in Plasmodium falciparum in northern Ethiopia. PLoS pathogens 1 41379859
2025 Molecular Detection of Plasmodium falciparum Infections Missed by Microscopy and HRP2-Based RDTs in the Dominican Republic. Acta tropica 1 41429235
2024 Performance of ParaHIT® HRP2-Based Rapid Diagnostic Test and Proportions of Plasmodium falciparum Histidine-Rich Protein 2/3 Gene Deletions in Togo. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 1 39288769
2026 Diagnostic challenges in malaria detection: A comparative diagnostic performance of HRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests, microscopy, and PCR at Bichena primary hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Parasite epidemiology and control 0 41777401
2026 Are HRP2/3 deletions silently crippling malaria rapid diagnostic tests? The Indian journal of medical research 0 42024904
2025 HRP2 regulating MICU1-mediated Ca2+ overload to dictate chemoresistance of multiple myeloma. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 0 40058268
2025 Undetected Plasmodium malariae and P. ovale infections in HRP2 RDT-positive children with uncomplicated malaria in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. MalariaWorld journal 0 40693034
2025 High Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum HRP2/3 Gene Deletions in Ethiopia: Implications for Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale 0 41141431
2024 Fragment-based discovery of small molecule inhibitors of the HDGFRP2 PWWP domain. FEBS letters 0 39031937

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