| 1995 |
FXYD3 (Mat-8) expression in Xenopus oocytes induces hyperpolarization-activated chloride currents, indicating it functions as a Cl- channel or Cl- channel regulator. The protein contains extracellular and transmembrane domains homologous to phospholemman but a distinct cytoplasmic domain lacking cAMP-dependent PKA and PKC consensus phosphorylation sites. |
Xenopus oocyte expression system, electrophysiology, RNA blot analysis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
7836447
|
| 2005 |
FXYD3 (Mat-8) associates with Na,K-ATPase and modifies its transport properties, decreasing both the apparent affinity for Na+ and K+. Mouse FXYD3 may adopt a double-transmembrane topology due to a non-cleavable signal peptide. In Xenopus oocytes, FXYD3 can associate with both Na,K-ATPase and H,K-ATPase, but in stomach tissue it associates only with Na,K-ATPase because its expression is restricted to mucous cells lacking H,K-ATPase. FXYD3 also modulates glycosylation processing of the beta subunit of X,K-ATPase in a signal-peptide-dependent manner. |
Xenopus oocyte co-expression, electrophysiology, in situ analysis, biochemical assays |
Molecular biology of the cell |
High |
15743908
|
| 2006 |
Two human FXYD3 splice variants exist: short FXYD3 (with a cleavable signal peptide and type I topology) and long FXYD3 (with a 26-amino acid insertion after the transmembrane domain), differentially expressed during CaCo-2 cell differentiation. Both isoforms co-immunoprecipitate with Na,K-ATPase but associate stably only with Na,K-ATPase isozymes, not with H,K-ATPase or Ca-ATPase, in Xenopus oocytes. Short human FXYD3 decreases apparent K+ and Na+ affinity of Na,K-ATPase over a large range of membrane potentials, whereas long FXYD3 decreases K+ affinity only at slightly negative/positive potentials and increases apparent Na+ affinity. Both isoforms induce hyperpolarization-activated currents. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, Xenopus oocyte co-expression, electrophysiology, Western blot, CaCo-2 differentiation model |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
17077088
|
| 2007 |
Mat-8 (FXYD3) tagged with Myc localizes to the plasma membrane in colorectal cancer cells and co-immunoprecipitates with the Na+/K+-ATPase alpha subunit. A Gly41→Arg mutation in the transmembrane domain abolishes association with the Na+/K+-ATPase alpha subunit and prevents plasma membrane localization, identifying Gly41 as essential for this interaction and surface targeting. Cys44→Ala or Cys49→Ala substitutions did not affect these properties. In CHO-K1 cells, Mat-8 localizes predominantly to intracellular membranes (ER/nuclear envelope). |
Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation, site-directed mutagenesis, fluorescent protein tagging, subcellular localization in colorectal cancer and CHO cells |
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin |
Medium |
17409496
|
| 2005 |
Mat-8 (FXYD3) tagged with DsRed fluorescent protein localizes to intracellular membranes in CHO-K1 cells, specifically distributed in a distinct ER region and nuclear envelope, with partial overlap with ER markers; no colocalization with lysosomes, endosomes, or Golgi bodies was detected. |
Stable fluorescent protein tagging, subcellular fractionation by density gradient centrifugation, co-localization with organelle markers |
Biotechnology letters |
Medium |
16132847
|
| 2008 |
FXYD3 silencing in Caco-2 cells promotes apoptosis and prevents cell differentiation (reduced alkaline phosphatase, villin, decreased transepithelial resistance) without affecting proliferation. FXYD3 deficiency increases the apparent Na+ and K+ affinities of Na,K-ATPase (reflecting loss of FXYD3-mediated pump regulation) and decreases maximal Na,K-ATPase activity via reduced turnover number, correlating with a shift in Na,K-ATPase isozyme expression characteristic of cancer cells. |
siRNA silencing, transepithelial resistance measurement, alkaline phosphatase/villin expression, Na,K-ATPase activity assays in Caco-2 cells |
Molecular biology of the cell |
High |
19109419
|
| 2009 |
Forced expression of wild-type FXYD3, but not a somatic point mutant (D19H/g55c), restores well-demarcated cortical actin distribution in lung cancer cells that had lost FXYD3 expression, indicating FXYD3 plays a role in maintenance of cytoskeletal integrity through a mechanism dependent on its intact sequence. |
Forced expression of wild-type vs. mutant FXYD3 in lung cancer cells, actin cytoskeleton imaging |
The American journal of pathology |
Medium |
19893046
|
| 2010 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III effector ExoS directly binds FXYD3 via its transmembrane domain (the same domain that interacts with Na,K-ATPase), as shown by bacterial two-hybrid screen and pulldown assay. FXYD3 colocalizes with and regulates Na,K-ATPase, which controls tight junction structure and barrier function; ExoS binding to FXYD3 is proposed to facilitate bacterial translocation through the intestinal epithelial barrier. |
Bacterial two-hybrid screen, pulldown assay, colocalization studies |
Infection and immunity |
Medium |
20805335
|
| 2011 |
TGF-β signaling represses FXYD3 mRNA expression in MCF-10A human mammary epithelial cells via a Smad3-dependent (but not Smad2-dependent) pathway, acting through the downstream transcriptional repressor ZEB1/δEF1. TβRI inhibitor or Smad3 inhibitor abolishes TGF-β-induced FXYD3 repression. FXYD3 knockdown does not change E-cadherin or N-cadherin expression, indicating FXYD3 is not directly required for EMT. |
siRNA knockdown, pharmacological inhibitors (TβRI inhibitor, Smad3 inhibitor), RT-PCR, immunofluorescence in MCF-10A cells |
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin |
Medium |
21372379
|
| 2014 |
In pancreatic beta-cells, FXYD3 overexpression reduces glucose-induced insulin secretion by acting downstream of plasma membrane depolarization and Ca2+ influx. FXYD3 expression is controlled by methylation of CpGs in its proximal promoter region, with increased methylation reducing transcription (evidenced by lower H3K4me3 at the transcription start site). Gluco-incretin signaling establishes this epigenetic silencing perinatally. |
Beta-cell overexpression, insulin secretion assay, promoter methylation analysis, ChIP for H3K4me3, transcription reporter assay |
PloS one |
Medium |
25058609
|
| 2016 |
FXYD3 overexpression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells protects Na+/K+-ATPase from oxidative inhibition by facilitating reversal of glutathionylation of the β1 Na+/K+-ATPase subunit. ~50% siRNA-mediated reduction of FXYD3 increases β1 subunit glutathionylation and reduces Na+/K+-ATPase activity by ~50%. Suppression of FXYD3 amplifies doxorubicin- and γ-radiation-induced Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition, cell death, and apoptosis in MCF-7 but not in MDA-MB-468 cells. |
siRNA knockdown, Na+/K+-ATPase activity assay (colorimetric), glutathionylation measurement, caspase 3/7 apoptosis assay, cell viability assay |
Breast cancer research and treatment |
Medium |
26740212
|
| 2018 |
FXYD3 interacts with Src and ERα to form an activated complex that triggers nongenomic estrogen signaling in ER+ breast cancer stem cells. SOX9 transcription factor directly promotes FXYD3 expression, and FXYD3 is required for SOX9 nuclear localization, forming a positive regulatory feedback loop. FXYD3 amplification mediates tamoxifen resistance. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (FXYD3-Src-ERα complex), SOX9 promoter binding assays, nuclear localization imaging, siRNA/overexpression functional assays |
Molecular cancer research : MCR |
Medium |
30206184
|
| 2022 |
FXYD3 localizes to the basolateral membrane of all airway epithelial cell types and functions as a γ subunit of the Na/K-ATPase to facilitate Na+ and liquid absorption. siRNA-mediated reduction of FXYD3 decreases ouabain-sensitive short-circuit current (after apical membrane permeabilization with nystatin) and reduces amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current and liquid absorption across intact airway epithelia. |
Single-cell RNA sequencing, immunohistochemistry, siRNA knockdown, Ussing chamber short-circuit current measurements, liquid absorption assay |
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology |
High |
35993520
|
| 2023 |
FXYD3 promotes IL-17A signaling in keratinocytes by competitively binding TRAF3, thereby promoting formation of the IL-17R-ACT1 complex (by displacing TRAF3 from IL-17R), which activates NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways and drives proinflammatory cytokine expression. FXYD3 deletion in keratinocytes attenuates psoriasis-like phenotype in an IMQ-induced mouse model. IL-17A drives FXYD3 expression in keratinocytes, forming a positive regulatory loop. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (FXYD3-TRAF3-IL-17R-ACT1 complex), FXYD3 conditional knockout mouse model, IMQ-induced psoriasis model, NF-κB/MAPK signaling assays |
Cellular & molecular immunology |
High |
36693922
|
| 2025 |
FXYD3 in intestinal goblet cells interacts with the ER Ca2+-ATPase SERCA2 to enhance its pump activity. FXYD3 deficiency causes ER Ca2+ homeostasis defects and impaired mucin glycosylation, leading to a damaged mucus barrier, intestinal dysbiosis, and increased susceptibility to colitis. Gut microbiota metabolites propionate and butyrate promote FXYD3 expression. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (FXYD3-SERCA2), FXYD3 conditional knockout (intestinal epithelial), SERCA2 activity assay, ER Ca2+ measurement, mucin glycosylation analysis, germ-free/colonization models |
Cell reports |
High |
41187059
|
| 2025 |
FXYD3 directly interacts with IRF7 via its 60–87 amino acid domain, initiating a positive feedback loop through the cGAS/STING pathway amplified by type I interferon, resulting in sustained JAK2/STAT5 signaling activation that drives malignant progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, domain mapping, in vitro and in vivo functional assays, nano-delivery siRNA system |
Advanced science |
Medium |
41164952
|
| 2015 |
Estrogen and tamoxifen upregulate FXYD3 expression in ERα-positive MCF-7 cells via ERα, but not in ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 cells, establishing ERα as required for this response. ERα associates with ZEB1 in MCF-7 cells, and siRNA knockdown of ZEB1 disrupts estrogen- (but not tamoxifen-) induced FXYD3 upregulation, indicating two distinct mechanisms both involving ERα, one requiring ZEB1. |
Flow cytometry (fluorochrome-tagged antibody), siRNA knockdown of ZEB1, comparison of ERα-positive vs ERα-negative cell lines |
SpringerPlus |
Medium |
26090296
|