Affinage

FCER2

Low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor · UniProt P06734

Length
321 aa
Mass
36.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 35 papers cited in narrative 35 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: tie faithfulness: 9/9 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

CD23 (FCER2/FcεRII) is a type II transmembrane C-type lectin that serves as the low-affinity IgE receptor and a central regulatory hub of IgE homeostasis and allergic inflammation (PMID:16172256, PMID:28361904). Its lectin-like head domain binds IgE-Fc — with two heads engaging asymmetrically at affinities differing by over an order of magnitude — and an additional IgE-binding site resides in the stalk region; binding occurs independently of calcium despite the C-type lectin fold, and non-glycosylated monomeric CD23 binds IgE more avidly (PMID:28361904, PMID:27343203, PMID:16172256). CD23 simultaneously binds the complement receptor CD21 (via CD21 SCR1-2 and SCR5-8), and this CD23-CD21 axis modulates IL-4-induced IgE synthesis (PMID:1386409, PMID:7542093). Surface CD23 is shed by the metalloproteinase ADAM10, which engages the CD23 stalk and cleaves it predominantly within acidified endosomes after internalization, also routing full-length CD23 into exosomes (PMID:17389606, PMID:20876574); the oligomeric state of the resulting soluble fragments dictates function, with oligomeric/trimeric sCD23 stimulating and monomeric sCD23 inhibiting IgE synthesis (PMID:17576766, PMID:22393152). Shedding is regulated by alternative inputs including TLR4/MMP9 and P2X7-dependent ADAM10 activation, while the R62W polymorphism renders CD23 resistant to proteolysis (PMID:19635918, PMID:25155463, PMID:17301828). As a signaling receptor, membrane CD23 associates with the Src-family kinase Fyn and signals through Fyn/Akt in B cells, where it negatively regulates BCR clustering through actin-dependent mechanisms (PMID:1717997, PMID:20805040, PMID:27181049). The CD23a isoform, through an internalization/basolateral-targeting signal in its cytoplasmic exon, mediates bidirectional transcytosis of IgE and IgE-allergen complexes across epithelial barriers — a process driving airway and intestinal allergic inflammation and operative in additional epithelia such as inner ear hair cells (PMID:15843555, PMID:16831589, PMID:11018076, PMID:25783969, PMID:21307287, PMID:35046106). In macrophages and glial cells, CD23 ligation triggers iNOS-dependent nitric oxide production and TNF-α secretion contributing to antimicrobial and innate immunity (PMID:19805542, PMID:10212304, PMID:28112734). CD23a transcription is controlled by Notch2/CBF1 (downstream of PKC-delta), STAT6/STAT3/STAT5, and NF-κB, and is repressed by JNK1 via NFATc1, while IgE itself stabilizes surface CD23 in a positive feedback loop (PMID:11986231, PMID:19995395, PMID:9796920, PMID:28112734, PMID:9786437).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 35 steps
  1. 1991 Medium

    Established that CD23 is not merely a passive IgE-binding protein but a signaling receptor, by showing it physically couples to a Src-family kinase and can transmit an activation signal.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of CD23 with p59fyn and IL-2R induction in CD23-transfected YT and EBV-transformed B cells

    PMID:1717997

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream effectors beyond Fyn not defined here
    • Signal dependence on ligand engagement not dissected
  2. 1992 High

    Defined CD23 as a ligand for CD21, providing a molecular basis for CD23 regulation of IgE production beyond IgE binding alone.

    Evidence Recombinant CD23 liposome binding to CD21-transfected cells with antibody blockade and IgE induction assay (Nature)

    PMID:1386409

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the interaction not resolved
    • Relative contributions of soluble vs membrane CD23 unclear
  3. 1994 Medium

    Mapped the CD21 epitopes and glycan determinants required for CD23 binding, linking the interaction to isotype-selective IgE regulation.

    Evidence CD21 epitope mapping with blocking antibodies and glycosylation mutagenesis; in vitro and rat IgE inhibition assays

    PMID:7542093

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-group data
    • In vivo significance in human allergic disease not established
  4. 1998 Medium

    Characterized the CD23 sheddase activity biochemically as a membrane metalloprotease, setting up later identification of the responsible enzyme.

    Evidence Purified CD23 cleavage assay with class-selective protease inhibitors and gel-filtration of plasma membranes

    PMID:9677315

    Open questions at the time
    • Enzyme identity not established
    • Cleavage compartment not addressed
  5. 1998 Medium

    Defined the transcriptional inputs (STAT6, redundant STAT3/STAT5, NF-κB) controlling CD23a expression, explaining IL-4/CD40 inducibility.

    Evidence EMSA/supershift plus STAT6-/-, p50-/-, and C/EBPβ-/- mouse analysis of CD23 induction

    PMID:9796920

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative quantitative contribution of each factor unresolved
    • Promoter occupancy in human cells not tested
  6. 1998 Medium

    Established a positive feedback loop in which IgE stabilizes surface CD23, explaining amplification of CD23 in allergic states.

    Evidence IgE-/- mice with reduced CD23 rescued by in vivo IgE infusion

    PMID:9786437

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism of stabilization not defined
    • Whether shedding rate is altered not addressed
  7. 1999 Medium

    Extended CD23 signaling beyond B cells by showing ligation on glial cells drives an iNOS/NO→TNF-α inflammatory cascade.

    Evidence Cytokine-induced CD23 expression and antibody ligation of glial cells with iNOS/NO and TNF-α readouts

    PMID:10212304

    Open questions at the time
    • Proximal signaling intermediates not mapped
    • In vivo relevance to neuroinflammation correlative
  8. 2000 High

    Demonstrated that epithelial CD23 mediates IgE-dependent transepithelial antigen transport in vivo, linking CD23 to mucosal allergic hypersensitivity.

    Evidence Rat sensitization model with immunogold co-localization of CD23/antigen in endosomes and luminal anti-CD23 blockade (JCI)

    PMID:11018076

    Open questions at the time
    • Isoform responsible not identified here
    • Directionality of transport not resolved
  9. 2001 Medium

    Identified CD23-HLA-DR co-recycling, suggesting CD23 participates in IgE-targeted antigen presentation.

    Evidence Surface labeling and pulse-chase trafficking of CD23/HLA-DR in RPMI 8866 B cells by confocal microscopy

    PMID:11454061

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional antigen presentation not directly demonstrated
    • Single cell type
  10. 2002 Medium

    Placed CD23a as a direct transcriptional target of Notch2/CBF1 signaling, identifying a developmental regulatory input.

    Evidence EMSA/supershift of Notch2 in promoter complex C1 plus activated Notch2 transfection inducing CD23a in REH cells (Blood)

    PMID:11986231

    Open questions at the time
    • Interplay with STAT/NF-κB inputs not integrated
    • Endogenous Notch ligand context not defined
  11. 2003 Medium

    Showed enterocyte CD23 splice forms have distinct endocytic behaviors, establishing isoform-specific IgE handling.

    Evidence RT-PCR isoform identification and isoform-specific endocytosis assays with CD23-/- mouse jejunal challenge

    PMID:12637252

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanistic basis of bΔ5 constitutive uptake unclear
    • Single lab
  12. 2005 Medium

    Mapped the cytoplasmic determinants of CD23 trafficking, showing CD23a's intracellular exon drives clathrin-dependent internalization and basolateral targeting.

    Evidence Splice-form comparison, internalization assays, and basolateral targeting in polarized MDCK cells

    PMID:15843555

    Open questions at the time
    • Adaptor proteins recognizing the signal not identified
    • Link to transcytosis machinery not resolved
  13. 2005 High

    Provided the atomic structure of the CD23 lectin head and mapped its trimerization, IgE, and CD21 binding surfaces, showing calcium-independent, simultaneous ligand engagement.

    Evidence Solution NMR with chemical shift perturbation mapping (JEM)

    PMID:16172256

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length multimeric architecture not resolved
    • Stalk contribution not captured
  14. 2006 High

    Identified CD23a as the specific isoform mediating bidirectional epithelial IgE and IgE-antigen transcytosis with mast cell-activating consequences.

    Evidence Retroviral CD23a/b expression in polarized T84 cells with transcytosis and basophil degranulation assays (Gastroenterology)

    PMID:16831589

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo isoform requirement in human gut not directly shown
    • Sorting determinants linking to transcytosis incompletely defined
  15. 2007 High

    Identified ADAM10 as the physiological CD23 sheddase, resolving the long-standing metalloprotease question.

    Evidence Peptide cleavage assays, ADAM10 inhibitors, dominant-negative ADAM10, and siRNA in human B cells (JBC)

    PMID:17389606

    Open questions at the time
    • Subcellular site of cleavage not yet established here
    • Regulation of ADAM10 activity not addressed
  16. 2007 Medium

    Established that the oligomeric state of soluble CD23 determines whether it stimulates or inhibits IgE synthesis, reconciling paradoxical reports.

    Evidence Defined monomeric vs oligomeric recombinant sCD23 fragments in tonsil B cell IgE synthesis assays

    PMID:17576766

    Open questions at the time
    • Receptor distinguishing the two states not defined
    • In vivo balance of fragments unclear
  17. 2007 Medium

    Showed that destabilizing membrane CD23 enhances shedding and IgE production via an IL-4-dependent, CD21-independent route, defining trimeric surface CD23 as an IgE-inhibitory signal.

    Evidence In vivo anti-CD23 stalk antibody in IL-4Rα-/- and CD21/35-/- mice with serum sCD23/IgE readouts

    PMID:17324389

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular signal from intact trimer not identified
    • Single lab
  18. 2007 Medium

    Defined the R62W polymorphism as a cleavage-resistant CD23 variant, linking genotype to altered sCD23 release.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis and multi-protease cleavage assays in Cos-7 with glycosylation analysis

    PMID:17301828

    Open questions at the time
    • Clinical/allergic phenotype consequences not established here
    • Effect on ADAM10 cleavage specifically not tested
  19. 2009 Medium

    Connected innate TLR4 signaling to CD23 shedding through MMP9, revealing an alternative sheddase pathway and a trans-acting B cell mechanism.

    Evidence LPS stimulation and MMP9-/- mouse analysis of CD23 transcription and shedding

    PMID:19635918

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of MMP9 vs ADAM10 in vivo unclear
    • T1 B cell trans-cleavage model needs confirmation
  20. 2009 Medium

    Linked PKC-delta to NOTCH2-driven CD23 expression in CLL, identifying an upstream regulator of constitutive CD23.

    Evidence PKC-delta siRNA and rottlerin with EMSA of NOTCH2 complexes in CLL cells

    PMID:19995395

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which PKC-delta sustains NOTCH2 unclear
    • Restricted to malignant cells
  21. 2009 Medium

    Demonstrated CD23 mediates macrophage antimicrobial activity against M. avium via iNOS-dependent NO and TNF-α, with IL-10 as a negative regulator.

    Evidence CD23 cross-linking on infected human macrophages with iNOS inhibition and TNF-α neutralization

    PMID:19805542

    Open questions at the time
    • Proximal CD23 signaling in macrophages not mapped
    • In vivo relevance not tested
  22. 2010 High

    Localized ADAM10-mediated CD23 cleavage to acidified endosomes and identified pH-dependent accessibility plus exosomal sorting of full-length CD23.

    Evidence Endosomal neutralization, SPR at varying pH, and exosome isolation (JBC)

    PMID:20876574

    Open questions at the time
    • Trigger for internalization-coupled cleavage not defined
    • Fate/function of CD23+ exosomes only partly characterized
  23. 2010 Medium

    Showed CD23 signaling is cell-type specific, activating Fyn and Akt in B cells but not in monocytic lines.

    Evidence CD23 ligation with Fyn/Akt kinase assays in primary B cells vs U937/THP-1

    PMID:20805040

    Open questions at the time
    • Basis for monocytic non-responsiveness unclear
    • Functional output of Fyn/Akt not linked to phenotype here
  24. 2011 Medium

    Extended epithelial CD23 transcytosis to the airway and showed IL-4 enhances it, linking CD23 to airway allergic responses.

    Evidence Bidirectional transcytosis across polarized Calu-3 and primary AEC monolayers with anti-CD23 blockade and mast cell degranulation readout

    PMID:21307287

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo airway requirement addressed in separate study
    • Isoform usage in airway not dissected here
  25. 2011 High

    Demonstrated in vivo that CD23 on radioresistant epithelial cells is required for allergen transcytosis and airway disease, establishing structural-cell CD23 as a therapeutic target.

    Evidence CD23 KO/WT bone marrow chimeras, CD23 KO challenge, and inhaled blocking antibody with airway hyperreactivity/eosinophilia readouts (Mucosal Immunology)

    PMID:25783969

    Open questions at the time
    • Direction of physiological transport in vivo not fully resolved
    • Contribution of hematopoietic CD23 not isolated
  26. 2012 High

    Connected ADAM10-generated trimeric sCD23 to positive regulation of IgE synthesis post-class-switch, integrating shedding with IgE output and CD21/IgE capping.

    Evidence ADAM10 inhibitor, CD23 siRNA, and recombinant trimeric sCD23 in stimulated tonsil B cells with capping assay

    PMID:22393152

    Open questions at the time
    • Reconciliation with inhibitory monomeric sCD23 at the cell level incomplete
    • Signaling through mIgE/CD21 cap not detailed
  27. 2012 Medium

    Identified CD23 as a high-affinity receptor for the secreted cytokine AIMP1/p43 on monocytes, expanding its ligand repertoire and TNF-α-inducing function.

    Evidence Receptor screen, co-IP, CD23 siRNA, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation/TNF-α assays

    PMID:22767513

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of AIMP1-CD23 binding unknown
    • Physiological context of this axis unclear
  28. 2013 Medium

    Showed β2-adrenergic signaling upregulates ADAM10 and CD23 and routes them to exosomes that enhance IgE production, linking neuroendocrine input to CD23 biology.

    Evidence β2AR agonist treatment, exosome characterization/transfer, β2AR-deficient B cells, and PKA/p38 inhibitors with IgE ELISPOT

    PMID:24140643

    Open questions at the time
    • Exosomal CD23 mechanism of action on recipient cells unclear
    • In vivo relevance not established
  29. 2014 Medium

    Defined a P2X7/ATP-driven, ADAM10-dependent route of rapid CD23 shedding, adding a danger-signal input to CD23 release.

    Evidence Flow/ELISA shedding with P2X7 KO mice, P2X7 antagonist, and ADAM10 inhibitor

    PMID:25155463

    Open questions at the time
    • How P2X7 activates ADAM10 mechanistically unknown
    • Functional consequence of this shedding mode not addressed
  30. 2016 High

    Identified the stalk region as a second IgE-binding site and showed non-glycosylated monomeric CD23 binds IgE best and that omalizumab blocks CD23-IgE binding.

    Evidence CD23 domain variants, binding/inhibition assays, negative-stain EM, and peptide-scanning antibodies (JACI)

    PMID:27343203

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological role of stalk binding vs head binding unclear
    • Glycosylation regulation in vivo not defined
  31. 2016 Medium

    Placed membrane CD23 as a negative regulator of BCR signaling acting through actin-dependent control of BCR clustering.

    Evidence CD23 KO B cells with spreading/clustering, phospho-Btk/tyrosine, and F-actin/phospho-WASp imaging

    PMID:27181049

    Open questions at the time
    • Link between CD23-Fyn signaling and actin machinery not mechanistically closed
    • Ligand requirement for this regulation unclear
  32. 2017 High

    Provided the crystal structure of a CD23/IgE-Fc complex, revealing asymmetric two-head engagement of IgE-Fc with distinct affinities.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography and ITC (Scientific Reports)

    PMID:28361904

    Open questions at the time
    • Full multimeric IgE-CD23 lattice not captured
    • Stalk-site contribution not included in crystal
  33. 2017 High

    Defined CD23 as a downstream effector of innate antifungal immunity, repressed by JNK1 via NFATc1 and acting through NO production.

    Evidence JNK1 KO mice, C. albicans infection, CD23 blockade, NFATc1 promoter assays, and NO readouts (Nature Medicine)

    PMID:28112734

    Open questions at the time
    • Cell type executing antifungal CD23 function not fully resolved
    • Receptor for CD23 ligation in this context unknown
  34. 2019 Medium

    Established a division of labor between FcεRI and CD23, with CD23 preferentially clearing non-inflammatory IgE-immune complexes while free IgE drives inflammation via FcεRI.

    Evidence In vitro binding/activation and in vivo IgE pharmacokinetics/anaphylaxis with differential receptor targeting

    PMID:31437490

    Open questions at the time
    • Tissue site of CD23-mediated clearance not pinpointed
    • Single lab
  35. 2022 Medium

    Generalized CD23 transcytosis to inner ear hair cells, broadening the tissue scope of CD23-mediated IgE transport.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown and IL-4-modulated IgE transcytosis in HEI-OC1 monolayers and primary vestibular tissue

    PMID:35046106

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological role in inner ear allergy/disease unclear
    • Isoform usage not dissected

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How the competing stimulatory (trimeric/membrane) and inhibitory (monomeric) CD23 states are balanced at the level of an individual B cell, and which receptors transduce each, remains unresolved.
  • No defined receptor distinguishing monomeric vs oligomeric sCD23 signaling
  • Integration of CD23-Fyn/Akt signaling with BCR and actin machinery incomplete
  • In vivo balance of shedding pathways (ADAM10/MMP9/P2X7) across tissues not quantified

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0038024 cargo receptor activity 4 GO:0001618 virus receptor activity 3 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 4 GO:0005768 endosome 3 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 2
Pathway
R-HSA-168256 Immune System 4 R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport 4 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3
Partners
ADAM10AIMP1CR2FYNHLA-DRAIGHE

Evidence

Reading pass · 35 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1992 CD23 directly binds CD21 (complement receptor 2) on B cells and follicular dendritic cells. Recombinant CD23 incorporated into fluorescent liposomes specifically bound CD21-expressing cells; interaction was blocked by anti-CD21 and anti-CD23 antibodies. CD21 engagement via soluble CD23 increased IL-4-induced IgE production from blood mononuclear cells. Fluorescent liposome-based binding assay with recombinant CD23; transfection of CD21 cDNA into BHK-21 cells; Western blot; functional IgE induction assay Nature High 1386409
2005 The C-type lectin domain of CD23 was solved by NMR; residues responsible for self-association into trimers, IgE binding, and CD21 binding were mapped. CD23 can bind IgE and CD21 simultaneously. IgE and CD23 can form high-molecular-mass multimeric complexes. Interactions do not require calcium despite the C-type lectin fold. NMR spectroscopy; concentration-dependent chemical shift perturbation analysis; ligand-induced chemical shift mapping The Journal of experimental medicine High 16172256
2017 Crystal structure of a CD23/IgE-Fc complex revealed that two lectin-like head domains of CD23 bind IgE-Fc with affinities differing by more than an order of magnitude; the crystal structure shows only one head bound to the asymmetrically bent IgE-Fc heavy chain. X-ray crystallography; isothermal titration calorimetry Scientific reports High 28361904
2016 The stalk region of CD23 contains a previously unidentified IgE-binding site. Non-N-glycosylated monomeric CD23 showed superior IgE binding compared with glycosylated CD23. The therapeutic anti-IgE antibody omalizumab blocked IgE binding to CD23 as well as to FcεRI. Expression of CD23 variants (full extracellular, stalk-only, head-only, non-glycosylated); binding and inhibition assays; negative-stain electron microscopy; peptide-scanning antibody panel The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology High 27343203
2007 ADAM10 is the metalloproteinase responsible for cleaving membrane CD23 to generate soluble CD23. ADAM10 efficiently cleaves peptides from two distinct cleavage sites in CD23; ADAM10-specific inhibitors, dominant-negative ADAM10, and siRNA knockdown all reduced sCD23 release and caused accumulation of membrane CD23. Peptide cleavage assays; ADAM10-specific inhibitors (prodomain-based, TIMP); dominant-negative ADAM10 expression; siRNA knockdown in human B cells and leukemia lines The Journal of biological chemistry High 17389606
2010 ADAM10-dependent CD23 cleavage occurs predominantly in the endosomal compartment after internalization, not at the cell surface. The CD23 stalk region interacts with ADAM10 in a protease-independent manner; ADAM10 binding affinity for CD23 is not altered at endosomal pH, but accessibility (Rmax) increases ~10-fold at pH 5.8. Full-length CD23 is sorted into exosomes in an ADAM10-dependent manner. Endosomal neutralization with NH4Cl; SPR analysis of CD23-ADAM10 interaction at different pH; exosome isolation; Western blot; flow cytometry The Journal of biological chemistry High 20876574
1998 CD23 shedding from the cell surface is mediated by a membrane-bound metalloprotease of ~63 kDa. The activity is inhibited by metalloprotease inhibitors (1,10-phenanthroline, imidazole, batimastat) but not by cysteine, serine, or acid protease inhibitors. The same or similar activity is present in fibroblasts and monocytic lines not expressing CD23. Purified CD23 cleavage assay with neo-epitope antibody; gel-filtration chromatography of enriched plasma membranes; class-selective protease inhibitors The Biochemical journal Medium 9677315
1991 CD23 (FcεRII) is physically associated with the Src-family tyrosine kinase p59fyn. Cross-linking of CD23 with anti-FcεRII antibody induced IL-2 receptor/p55 expression in CD23-transfected YT cells and in EBV-transformed B cells, indicating that CD23 delivers an activation signal via Fyn. Co-immunoprecipitation of CD23 with p59fyn; cDNA transfection into YT cells; IL-2R induction assay as functional readout Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 1717997
2000 CD23 expressed on intestinal epithelial cells mediates enhanced IgE-dependent transepithelial antigen transport in sensitized rats. Sensitization induced CD23 expression on enterocytes; immunogold labeling showed CD23 and antigen co-localized in the same endosomes; luminal anti-CD23 antibody significantly inhibited antigen transport and the hypersensitivity reaction. Rat sensitization model; immunohistochemistry; immunogold electron microscopy; anti-CD23 blocking antibody treatment; antigen uptake/flux measurements The Journal of clinical investigation High 11018076
2006 CD23a, but not CD23b, is expressed on primary human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and acts as a bidirectional transporter of IgE. In transcytosis assays with polarized T84 cells retrovirally transfected with CD23a or CD23b, only CD23a mediated transcytosis of IgE and IgE-antigen complexes. IgE-antigen complexes diverted antigen from lysosomes, and transcytosed complexes could activate subepithelial mast cells. RT-PCR of primary human IECs; retroviral transfection of CD23a/b into polarized T84 cells; transcytosis assays; rat basophil leukemia cell degranulation assay Gastroenterology High 16831589
2003 Intestinal enterocytes express CD23b isoform (classic and alternative splice forms lacking exon 5 or 6). The bΔ5 splice form, but not classic CD23b, mediates constitutive internalization and uptake of free IgE; both forms are internalized after binding IgE/antigen complexes, indicating distinct endocytic properties between splice forms. RT-PCR and sequencing of CD23 isoforms from enterocytes; CD23-/- mouse jejunal challenge experiments; isoform-specific functional endocytosis assays American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology Medium 12637252
2005 CD23 regulates intracellular trafficking in an isoform-specific manner: CD23a undergoes constitutive clathrin-dependent internalization driven by a cytoplasmic internalization signal in the CD23a-specific intracellular exon; CD23b is stable at the plasma membrane, negatively regulated by its intracellular CD23b-specific exon. The CD23a internalization signal also functions as a basolateral targeting signal in polarized epithelial cells. Systematic comparison of CD23 splice forms; internalization assays; basolateral targeting assay in polarized MDCK cells; domain deletion/swap constructs Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Medium 15843555
2011 CD23 expressed on airway epithelial cells (radioresistant structural cells) is required for IgE and OVA-IgE complex transcytosis across the airway epithelial barrier in vivo. In chimeric mice lacking CD23 only on radioresistant (structural/epithelial) cells, OVA-driven airway eosinophilia, collagen deposition, goblet cell increase, and airway hyperreactivity were significantly reduced compared with wild-type chimeras. CD23-blocking antibody inhaled before or during challenge suppressed these features. CD23 KO/WT bone marrow chimeric mice; CD23 KO mouse in vivo sensitization/challenge; inhalation of blocking anti-CD23 antibody (B3B4); airway hyperreactivity, eosinophilia, and histology readouts Mucosal immunology High 25783969
2001 CD23 forms a non-covalent complex with HLA-DR on the surface of human B cells. After endocytosis triggered by antigen-IgE complex or anti-HLA-DR antibody, the CD23-HLA-DR complex recycles to the cell surface on a 3–6 hour timescale consistent with antigen presentation, with CD23 label observed in compartments resembling class II peptide-loading vesicles. Endocytosis via anti-CD23 antibody alone caused loss of CD23 from cells without recycling. Surface labeling and intracellular trafficking of CD23 and HLA-DR in RPMI 8866 B cells; confocal microscopy; pulse-chase endocytosis experiments Immunology Medium 11454061
2007 Soluble CD23 (sCD23) monomers inhibit IgE synthesis in human B cells, while oligomeric sCD23 stimulates IgE synthesis. Three recombinant CD23 fragments were characterized: monomeric derCD23, monomeric exCD23, and oligomeric lzCD23; the paradoxical stimulatory vs. inhibitory activities depend on the oligomeric state of the soluble fragment. Recombinant CD23 fragment expression and purification; in vitro IgE synthesis assay with purified tonsil B cells The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 17576766
2012 Membrane CD23 cleavage by ADAM10 and the resulting trimeric sCD23 positively regulate IgE synthesis after class-switch recombination. ADAM10 inhibitor (GI254023X) or siRNA knockdown of CD23 suppressed IgE synthesis; recombinant trimeric sCD23 enhanced IgE synthesis even when endogenous mCD23 cleavage was blocked. Trimeric sCD23 binds to cells co-expressing mIgE and mCD21 and caps these proteins on the B cell membrane. siRNA knockdown of CD23; ADAM10 inhibitor (GI254023X); recombinant trimeric sCD23 addition; IgE synthesis assay in IL-4/anti-CD40-stimulated tonsil B cells; cell surface capping assay Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) High 22393152
2009 TLR4 signaling induces transcriptional upregulation of CD23 and sCD23 release via MMP9. LPS induced MMP9 expression in B cells; MMP9-/- cells failed to produce significant sCD23 after LPS. Type 1 transitional (T1) B cells uniquely produce MMP9 in response to LPS, suggesting that T1 cells cleave CD23 on other B cells in trans. LPS stimulation of murine and human B cells in vitro and in vivo; MMP9 KO mice; transcriptional analysis; CD23 shedding assays Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Medium 19635918
2014 P2X7 receptor activation by extracellular ATP induces rapid shedding of CD23 from primary human and murine B cells, mediated by ADAM10. P2X7 antagonists and ADAM10-specific inhibitor (GI254023X) impaired ATP-induced CD23 shedding; B cells from P2X7 knockout mice showed markedly reduced shedding. Flow cytometry and ELISA for CD23 shedding; P2X7 KO mice; P2X7-specific antagonist (AZ10606120); ADAM10 inhibitor (GI254023X); broad metalloprotease inhibitor (BB-94) Immunology and cell biology Medium 25155463
2013 β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) engagement on IL-4/CD40L-primed B cells increases ADAM10 and CD23 expression in a protein kinase A- and p38 MAPK-dependent manner, and promotes localization of both proteins to exosomes. Transfer of exosomes from β2AR agonist-treated B cells to naïve primed B cells increased IgE production per cell; effects required β2AR expression on donor B cells. β2AR agonist treatment; Western blot for ADAM10 and CD23 on exosomes; electron microscopy of exosomes; ELISPOT for IgE; β2AR-deficient B cells; PKA and p38 pathway inhibitors Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Medium 24140643
2007 In vivo destabilization of membrane CD23 by an anti-CD23 stalk monoclonal antibody (19G5) that enhances proteolysis enhanced sCD23 shedding and IgE production. The effect was IL-4-dependent and CD21-independent (demonstrated using IL-4Rα-/- and CD21/35-/- mice), establishing that trimeric surface CD23 initiates an IgE-inhibitory signal. In vivo injection of anti-CD23 stalk antibody in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice; IL-4Rα KO and CD21/35 KO mice; serum sCD23 and IgE measurements Cellular immunology Medium 17324389
2007 The R62W SNP (rs28364072) in CD23 confers resistance to enzymatic cleavage, preventing sCD23 release. Multiple proteases (human leukocyte elastase, cathepsin G, Der p I, ADAM33) cleave wild-type CD23 (R62) but not the W62 mutant in transfected Cos-7 cells. The resistance is associated with diminished N-glycosylation at the R62W locus. Site-directed mutagenesis; transfection of CD23a constructs (R62 vs W62) in Cos-7 cells; protease cleavage assays; tunicamycin treatment to block N-glycosylation Genes and immunity Medium 17301828
2002 Notch2 intracellular domain (NotchIC) is a component of a transcription factor complex (C1) that binds CBF1 recognition sites in the CD23a core promoter. Transient transfection of activated Notch2 into REH pre-B cells induced endogenous CD23a expression, identifying CD23a as a transcriptional target of Notch2/CBF1 signaling. EMSA; supershift assay identifying Notch2 nuclear form in complex C1; transient transfection of activated Notch2 into REH cells; RT-PCR kinetic analysis Blood Medium 11986231
2009 PKC-delta links to NOTCH2-dependent CD23 expression in CLL cells. PMA (PKC activator) maintained NOTCH2 activity and CD23 expression; PKC-delta siRNA knockdown or rottlerin (PKC-delta inhibitor) antagonized PMA-induced NOTCH2 activation and suppressed CD23 expression in CLL cells with constitutively active NOTCH2. siRNA knockdown of PKC-delta; rottlerin pharmacological inhibition; EMSA for DNA-bound NOTCH2 complexes; gamma-secretase inhibitor experiments British journal of haematology Medium 19995395
1998 STAT6 binds the CD23a promoter (with lower affinity than the consensus site); STAT6-/- mice show reduced CD23 expression after CD40L stimulation. STAT3 and STAT5 can substitute for STAT6 to induce CD23 in STAT6-/- B cells stimulated with CD40 and IL-4. NF-κB (p50) binds two sites in the CD23a promoter; p50-/- mice show normal CD23 induction. C/EBPβ was not required for CD23 induction. EMSA with competition and supershift; Western blot for nuclear STATs; STAT6-/-, p50-/-, and C/EBPβ-/- mouse analysis; flow cytometry for CD23 expression International immunology Medium 9796920
2016 CD23 negatively regulates B cell receptor (BCR) signaling. CD23 KO B cells show increased B cell spreading area, enhanced BCR clustering, and elevated phosphorylation of tyrosine and Btk upon membrane-antigen stimulation. Increased F-actin and phosphorylated WASp (an actin nucleation-promoting factor) were also observed in CD23 KO B cell contact zones, indicating CD23 suppresses BCR signaling by influencing actin-mediated BCR clustering. CD23 KO mice; membrane-antigen stimulation assay; flow cytometry for BCR clustering and cell spreading; phosphotyrosine and phospho-Btk immunoblotting; F-actin and phospho-WASp imaging Scientific reports Medium 27181049
2010 CD23-mediated cell signaling differs between B cells and monocytic cells. In primary tonsillar B cells, CD23 ligation activates Fyn tyrosine kinase and Akt serine/threonine kinase; these activations were not observed in monocytic cell lines (U937, THP-1). CD23 ligation in primary B cells and monocytic cell lines; kinase activation assays (Fyn, Akt); comparison of signaling intermediates by immunoblot Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Medium 20805040
2017 JNK1 suppresses antifungal immunity by inhibiting CD23 expression via NFATc1. JNK1-deficient mice had significantly higher CD23 induction and survival after C. albicans infection. Blocking CD23 upregulation or CD23-dependent nitric oxide production eliminated the enhanced antifungal response in JNK1-deficient mice, placing CD23 downstream of JNK1/NFATc1 in innate antifungal signaling. JNK1 KO mice; C. albicans infection model; CD23 blockade; NFATc1 promoter regulation assays; NO production assay; JNK inhibitor treatment in mouse and human cells Nature medicine High 28112734
2012 CD23 is a functional receptor for the secreted cytokine AIMP1/p43 on monocytic cells. CD23 was identified as a high-affinity binding partner of AIMP1 in a screen of 499 soluble receptors; CD23 downregulation attenuated AIMP1-induced TNF-α secretion. AIMP1-induced TNF-α release via CD23 involves ERK1/2 activation. The C-terminal fragment EMAP II could not bind CD23 or activate ERK1/2. Screen of 499 soluble receptors; co-immunoprecipitation; siRNA knockdown of CD23; ERK1/2 phosphorylation assay; EMAP II vs. AIMP1 binding comparison Journal of cell science Medium 22767513
2009 CD23 expressed on human macrophages infected with M. avium mediates antimicrobial activity via inducible nitric oxide synthase-dependent NO production and TNF-α secretion. CD23 cross-linking on infected macrophages induced NO-dependent bacterial killing; IL-10 downregulated CD23 pathway and decreased NO generation and mycobacterial elimination. M. avium infection of human monocyte-derived macrophages; CD23 cross-linking; iNOS inhibition; anti-TNF-α neutralizing antibody; IL-10 treatment Infection and immunity Medium 19805542
1999 CD23 ligation on glial cells induces iNOS expression and NO release, and upregulates TNF-α production in a NO-dependent manner. In vitro, IFN-γ + IL-1β + TNF-α induced CD23 expression in glial cells; subsequent CD23 ligation with specific antibodies induced iNOS and NO, which in turn drove TNF-α upregulation. In vitro cytokine stimulation of glial cells; CD23 ligation with antibodies; iNOS expression assays; NO release measurement; TNF-α production assay with NO scavenger controls; immunohistochemistry of Parkinson's disease SN The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience Medium 10212304
2019 FcεRI preferentially binds free IgE, while CD23 preferentially binds IgE-immune complexes (IgE-ICs). IgE-ICs showed reduced FcεRI binding and enhanced CD23-dependent serum clearance, making them non-inflammatory. Free IgE initiated allergic inflammation through FcεRI. Binding and activation assays with human cells in vitro; IgE pharmacokinetics and anaphylaxis experiments in vivo; differential receptor-targeting experiments The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology Medium 31437490
1994 CD23 interacts with CD21 to regulate IgE synthesis; two main epitopes on CD21 are recognized by CD23 (SCRs 1-2 and SCRs 5-8), with Asn370 and Asn295 on CD21 critical for interaction with the lectin CD23. Anti-CD23 antibodies inhibit IL-4-induced IgE production in vitro and antigen-specific IgE responses in rats in an isotype-selective manner. CD21 epitope-mapping with blocking antibodies; glycosylation mutagenesis of CD21; in vitro IgE synthesis inhibition assay; in vivo rat IgE model International archives of allergy and immunology Medium 7542093
2011 CD23 expressed on polarized human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3 and primary AECs) mediates bidirectional transcytosis of IgE and IgE-immune complexes. IL-4 upregulated CD23 and enhanced transcytosis efficiency. CD23-specific antibody or soluble CD23 significantly reduced IgE/IC transcytosis. Transcytosed IgE-antigen complexes could induce mast cell degranulation. Transcytosis assay across polarized Calu-3 monolayers; primary human AEC monolayers; IL-4 stimulation; anti-CD23 blocking antibody; mast cell degranulation assay Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Medium 21307287
1998 IgE directly upregulates CD23 expression on murine B cells in vivo. IgE-/- mice had ~3-fold less CD23 surface expression than wild-type despite normal proportions of CD23+ B cells. Intravenous infusion of IgE into IgE-/- mice restored CD23 to wild-type levels, establishing a positive feedback loop between IgE and membrane CD23. IgE-/- mice; flow cytometry; in vitro IL-4 and CD40L stimulation; intravenous IgE infusion in vivo International immunology Medium 9786437
2022 CD23 mediates bidirectional transcytosis of IgE in mouse inner ear hair cells (HEI-OC1 cells). siRNA knockdown of CD23 significantly reduced IgE transcytosis efficiency in HEI-OC1 cell monolayers. IL-4 increased CD23 expression and enhanced IgE transcytosis in HEI-OC1 cells and primary vestibular end organs. Transcytosis assay in HEI-OC1 cell monolayer; siRNA knockdown of CD23; IL-4 stimulation; measurement of IgE transcytosis by ELISA Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Medium 35046106

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1992 CD21 is a ligand for CD23 and regulates IgE production. Nature 433 1386409
1999 FcepsilonRII/CD23 is expressed in Parkinson's disease and induces, in vitro, production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in glial cells. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 332 10212304
1989 CD23: a multi-functional receptor/lymphokine? Immunology today 253 2525911
2010 CD23/FcεRII: molecular multi-tasking. Clinical and experimental immunology 141 20831712
2004 Cutting edge: BAFF regulates CD21/35 and CD23 expression independent of its B cell survival function. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 123 14707045
2002 Notch2 is involved in the overexpression of CD23 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 115 11986231
2007 FCER2: a pharmacogenetic basis for severe exacerbations in children with asthma. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 113 17980418
2005 The structure of human CD23 and its interactions with IgE and CD21. The Journal of experimental medicine 113 16172256
1993 Human B cell precursors proliferate and express CD23 after CD40 ligation. The Journal of experimental medicine 111 7686210
2000 Enhanced intestinal transepithelial antigen transport in allergic rats is mediated by IgE and CD23 (FcepsilonRII). The Journal of clinical investigation 107 11018076
2017 JNK1 negatively controls antifungal innate immunity by suppressing CD23 expression. Nature medicine 86 28112734
2024 CD23+IgG1+ memory B cells are poised to switch to pathogenic IgE production in food allergy. Science translational medicine 85 38324641
2015 Structure and dynamics of IgE-receptor interactions: FcεRI and CD23/FcεRII. Immunological reviews 85 26497523
1989 Expression and functional role of CD23 on T cells. European journal of immunology 79 2522048
1994 Soluble CD23 reliably reflects disease activity in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 76 7931486
1994 B-cell signalling via the C-type lectins CD23 and CD72. Immunology today 75 7945782
2007 The low affinity IgE receptor (CD23) is cleaved by the metalloproteinase ADAM10. The Journal of biological chemistry 74 17389606
2006 Transcytosis of IgE-antigen complexes by CD23a in human intestinal epithelial cells and its role in food allergy. Gastroenterology 74 16831589
2007 CD23: an overlooked regulator of allergic disease. Current allergy and asthma reports 72 17697638
2005 IgE enhances antibody and T cell responses in vivo via CD23+ B cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 72 16034084
2000 Circulating cytokines and soluble CD23, CD26 and CD30 in ANCA-associated vasculitides. Clinical and experimental rheumatology 70 10949720
2021 The role of CD23 in the regulation of allergic responses. Allergy 69 33378583
1999 Up-regulation of interleukin-4 and CD23/FcepsilonRII in minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 69 10353405
2002 CD23 (the low-affinity IgE receptor) as a C-type lectin: a multidomain and multifunctional molecule. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 68 12022472
2022 IgG memory B cells expressing IL4R and FCER2 are associated with atopic diseases. Allergy 66 36445014
2019 Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Treated Regulatory CD23+CD43+ B Cells Alleviate Intestinal Inflammation. Theranostics 66 31367246
1992 CD23 antigen regulation and signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The Journal of clinical investigation 66 1532590
2005 Anti-CD23. Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology 65 16222084
1989 IgE receptor on human eosinophils (FcERII). Comparison with B cell CD23 and association with an adhesion molecule. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 64 2531185
2007 Soluble CD23 monomers inhibit and oligomers stimulate IGE synthesis in human B cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 60 17576766
1999 High expression of CD23 in the proliferation centers of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in lymph nodes and spleen. Human pathology 60 10374772
1995 CD23 and B-cell activation. Current opinion in immunology 59 7546400
2012 Soluble CD23 controls IgE synthesis and homeostasis in human B cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 58 22393152
2000 CD23 exhibits negative regulatory effects on allergic sensitization and airway hyperresponsiveness. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 58 10712348
1991 Fyn tyrosine kinase associated with Fc epsilon RII/CD23: possible multiple roles in lymphocyte activation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 58 1717997
2003 Intestinal epithelial CD23 mediates enhanced antigen transport in allergy: evidence for novel splice forms. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 57 12637252
2001 Endocytosis and recycling of the complex between CD23 and HLA-DR in human B cells. Immunology 56 11454061
2004 CD23 expression in mediastinal large B-cell lymphomas. Histopathology 55 15569053
2016 CD23 can negatively regulate B-cell receptor signaling. Scientific reports 54 27181049
2011 CD23-dependent transcytosis of IgE and immune complex across the polarized human respiratory epithelial cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 52 21307287
2011 FCER2 T2206C variant associated with chronic symptoms and exacerbations in steroid-treated asthmatic children. Allergy 52 21958076
1999 Altered expression and action of the low-affinity IgE receptor FcepsilonRII (CD23) in asthmatic airway smooth muscle. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 52 10482830
1994 Transgene CD23 expression on lymphoid cells modulates IgE and IgG1 responses. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 52 8089484
2003 CD23 expression in mantle cell lymphoma: clinicopathologic features of 18 cases. American journal of clinical pathology 50 14608904
1997 Structure and functions of CD23. International reviews of immunology 50 9651788
1994 Role for low-affinity receptor for IgE (CD23) in normal and leukemic B-cell proliferation. Blood 50 8080994
1990 Expression of CD23 antigen and its regulation by IL-4 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia research 49 2137545
2020 CD23 expression on switched memory B cells bridges T-B cell interaction in allergic rhinitis. Allergy 48 32198890
2011 CD23(+)/CD21(hi) B-cell translocation and ipsilateral lymph node collapse is associated with asymmetric arthritic flare in TNF-Tg mice. Arthritis research & therapy 48 21884592
1998 STAT6, NF-kappaB and C/EBP in CD23 expression and IgE production. International immunology 47 9796920
1995 Regulation of IgE synthesis by CD23/CD21 interaction. International archives of allergy and immunology 47 7542093
2005 CD5, CD10, and CD23 expression in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. Clinical lymphoma 45 15794857
2002 The clinical and diagnostic relevance of CD23 expression in the chronic lymphoproliferative disease. Cancer 45 11920534
2010 CD23 Sheddase A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) is also required for CD23 sorting into B cell-derived exosomes. The Journal of biological chemistry 42 20876574
2015 Inhibition of CD23-mediated IgE transcytosis suppresses the initiation and development of allergic airway inflammation. Mucosal immunology 41 25783969
2000 Early expression of iepsilon, CD23 (FcepsilonRII), IL-4Ralpha, and IgE in the human fetus. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 41 11080714
1991 Heterogeneous expression of CD23 epitopes by eosinophils from patients. Relationships with IgE-mediated functions. European journal of immunology 41 1717283
2019 CD23 provides a noninflammatory pathway for IgE-allergen complexes. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 39 31437490
2010 P2X7 receptor activation induces cell death and CD23 shedding in human RPMI 8226 multiple myeloma cells. Biochimica et biophysica acta 39 20647033
2000 Association study of the chromosomal region containing the FCER2 gene suggests it has a regulatory role in atopic disorders. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 36 10712310
2001 Diagnostic usefulness of CD23 and FMC-7 antigen expression patterns in B-cell lymphoma classification. American journal of clinical pathology 35 11211615
2009 Expression of CD27 and CD23 on peripheral blood B lymphocytes in humans of different ages. Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue 34 19290077
1998 CD23 (FcepsilonRII) release from cell membranes is mediated by a membrane-bound metalloprotease. The Biochemical journal 34 9677315
1994 Induction of B cell and T cell tolerance in vivo by anti-CD23 mAb. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 34 8144946
2022 Bidirectional Transport of IgE by CD23 in the Inner Ear of Patients with Meniere's Disease. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 33 35046106
2010 CD5+CD23+ leukemic cell populations in TCL1 transgenic mice show significantly increased proliferation and Akt phosphorylation. Leukemia 32 20357824
1992 Expression, regulation and function of human Fc epsilon RII (CD23) antigen. Immunologic research 32 1287120
2017 IgE binds asymmetrically to its B cell receptor CD23. Scientific reports 31 28361904
1991 Biology and chemistry of low affinity IgE receptor (Fc epsilon RII/CD23). Critical reviews in immunology 31 1834078
1995 Interleukin-4 and soluble CD23 serum levels in asthmatic atopic children. Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology 29 8574430
2006 Differential T cell-mediated regulation of CD23 (Fc epsilonRII) in B cells and follicular dendritic cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 27 16585575
2011 CD23 expression in follicular lymphoma: clinicopathologic correlations. American journal of clinical pathology 26 21173123
2009 NOTCH2 links protein kinase C delta to the expression of CD23 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells. British journal of haematology 26 19995395
2000 Quantitative expression of CD23 and its ligand CD21 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica 26 11064465
1998 The expression of murine B cell CD23, in vivo, is regulated by its ligand, IgE. International immunology 26 9786437
2014 Activation of the P2X7 receptor induces the rapid shedding of CD23 from human and murine B cells. Immunology and cell biology 25 25155463
2022 Lenalidomide enhances CD23.CAR T cell therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia & lymphoma 24 35259043
2016 Critical and direct involvement of the CD23 stalk region in IgE binding. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 24 27343203
2013 A role of FCER1A and FCER2 polymorphisms in IgE regulation. Allergy 24 24354852
2010 CD23-mediated cell signaling in human B cells differs from signaling in cells of the monocytic lineage. Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) 24 20805040
1993 CD23 expression on B-lymphocytes and its modulation by cytokines in allergic patients. Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology 24 8221262
2009 TLR4-mediated signaling induces MMP9-dependent cleavage of B cell surface CD23. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 23 19635918
2007 IgE enhances specific antibody and T-cell responses in mice overexpressing CD23. Scandinavian journal of immunology 23 17635803
2016 Study of the correlations between fractional exhaled nitric oxide in exhaled breath and atopic status, blood eosinophils, FCER2 mutation, and asthma control in Vietnamese children. Journal of asthma and allergy 22 27695350
2012 Identification of CD23 as a functional receptor for the proinflammatory cytokine AIMP1/p43. Journal of cell science 22 22767513
2013 Adrenergic regulation of IgE involves modulation of CD23 and ADAM10 expression on exosomes. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 21 24140643
2008 The cut-off levels of CD23 expression in the differential diagnosis of MCL and CLL. Hematological oncology 21 18381689
2005 Intracellular trafficking of CD23: differential regulation in humans and mice by both extracellular and intracellular exons. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 21 15843555
2002 Clinical utility of CD23 and FMC7 antigen coexistent expression in B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder subclassification. Cytometry 21 11857591
1994 CD23 and IgE expression during the human immune response to cutaneous leishmaniasis: possible role in monocyte activation. Research in immunology 21 8008965
2006 Analysis of the regulatory role of BAFF in controlling the expression of CD21 and CD23. Molecular immunology 20 17140663
1993 CD23 and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood cells 20 8018941
2008 Analysis of CD23 antigen expression in B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and its correlation with clinical parameters. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) 19 18183502
1994 Regulation of CD23 expression by IL-4 and corticosteroid in human B lymphocytes. Altered response after EBV infection. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 19 8133030
1990 Regulation of CD23 expression, soluble CD23 release and immunoglobulin synthesis of peripheral blood lymphocytes by glucocorticoids. Immunology 19 2149121
2009 Molecular blocking of CD23 supports its role in the pathogenesis of arthritis. PloS one 18 19279679
2009 CD23 mediates antimycobacterial activity of human macrophages. Infection and immunity 18 19805542
2007 Polymorphism R62W results in resistance of CD23 to enzymatic cleavage in cultured cells. Genes and immunity 18 17301828
2007 In vivo murine CD23 destabilization enhances CD23 shedding and IgE synthesis. Cellular immunology 18 17324389
1992 Eosinophil IgE receptor and CD23. Immunologic research 18 1287119

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