| 2013 |
E-Syt1 is an ER protein that tethers the ER to the plasma membrane via C2 domain-dependent interactions requiring PI(4,5)P2 and elevation of cytosolic Ca2+. E-Syts form heteromeric complexes conferring Ca2+ regulation to ER-PM contact formation. These contacts are functionally distinct from STIM1/Orai1-mediated contacts and are not required for store-operated Ca2+ entry. |
Fluorescence imaging, co-immunoprecipitation, genome-edited knockout cells, C2 domain mutants, liposome binding assays |
Cell |
High |
23791178
|
| 2013 |
Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ triggers translocation of E-Syt1 to ER-PM junctions, which subsequently facilitates recruitment of the phosphatidylinositol transfer protein Nir2 to ER-PM junctions. Nir2 at these junctions promotes replenishment of PM PIP2 after receptor-induced hydrolysis, establishing a Ca2+-dependent feedback mechanism for PM PIP2 homeostasis during receptor-induced Ca2+ signaling. |
Genetically encoded ER-PM junction marker, live-cell imaging, siRNA knockdown, Ca2+ measurements, PIP2 reporters |
Cell reports |
High |
24183667
|
| 2009 |
E-Syt1 is phosphorylated by insulin-activated Cdk5 (which requires PI3K signaling) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Phosphorylated E-Syt1 associates with GLUT4, and this association is inhibited by the Cdk inhibitor roscovitine. Cdk5 silencing inhibits glucose uptake, implicating phospho-E-Syt1/GLUT4 interaction in insulin-dependent glucose transport. |
Insulin stimulation, Cdk5 siRNA silencing, pharmacologic inhibition (roscovitine), co-immunoprecipitation, glucose uptake assay |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Medium |
19255425
|
| 2012 |
E-Syt1 is a substrate of the oncogenic CD74-ROS fusion tyrosine kinase in NSCLC cells, identified by quantitative phosphoproteomics. E-Syt1 phosphorylation by CD74-ROS drives a cell invasion pathway; elimination of E-Syt1 expression drastically reduced invasiveness in vitro and in vivo without affecting oncogenic signaling, and expression of CD74-ROS in non-invasive cells conferred invasiveness correlated with E-Syt1 phosphorylation. |
Quantitative phosphoproteomics, siRNA knockdown, invasion assays in vitro, in vivo metastasis models, pharmacologic kinase inhibition |
Cancer research |
Medium |
22659450
|
| 2016 |
E-Syts transfer glycerolipids between bilayers in vitro in a Ca2+-dependent manner requiring their lipid-harboring SMP domain. Genome-edited cells lacking E-Syts show enhanced and sustained accumulation of PM diacylglycerol following PIP2 hydrolysis by PLC activation; this is rescued by E-Syt1 but not by SMP-domain-deleted E-Syt1, establishing E-Syt1 as a mediator of diacylglycerol counter-transport from PM to ER. |
In vitro lipid transfer assay, genome-editing (E-Syt triple knockout cells), SMP domain mutagenesis/deletion, lipidomics, DAG reporter imaging |
Nature cell biology |
High |
27065097
|
| 2017 |
ESYT1 knockdown (and knockdown of family members ESYT2 and ESYT3) significantly decreased ANO1 (anoctamin 1) current density and reduced ANO1 plasma membrane trafficking, identifying ESYT1 as a positive regulator of ANO1 traffic through its role in coupling the ER to the PM at specific microdomains. |
siRNA screen, microscopy-based trafficking assay, electrophysiology (patch-clamp for current density), live-cell imaging |
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research |
Medium |
29154949
|
| 2019 |
Using live-cell super-resolution microscopy, activated E-syt1 moves ~12 nm toward the PM upon cytosolic Ca2+ elevation via SOCE. Rather than constituting ER-PM MCSs per se, activated E-syt1 re-arranges neighboring ER structures into ring-shaped MCSs (230–280 nm diameter) enclosing E-syt1 puncta, which stabilize MCSs and accelerate local ER Ca2+ replenishment. |
Home-built super-resolution live-cell microscopy, SOCE stimulation, quantitative nanoscale displacement measurements |
Scientific reports |
Medium |
30850711
|
| 2023 |
PERK acts as an adaptor to recruit E-Syt1 to ER-mitochondria contact sites (EMCS) through a non-canonical, UPR-independent mechanism. The heterotypic E-Syt1-PERK interaction is required for phospholipid transfer between ER and mitochondria; disruption of this interaction or deletion of the SMP domain of E-Syt1 compromises mitochondrial respiration, revealing E-Syt1 as a lipid transfer protein at EMCS that maintains mitochondrial homeostasis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, SMP domain deletion mutants, mitochondrial respiration assays (Seahorse), proximity ligation, confocal imaging |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
36821088
|
| 2023 |
ESYT1 localizes to mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCs) and forms a complex with the outer mitochondrial membrane protein SYNJ2BP, as determined by BioID proximity labeling and co-immunoprecipitation. Deletion of ESYT1 or SYNJ2BP reduces the number and length of MERCs, impairs ER-to-mitochondria Ca2+ flux, and alters the mitochondrial lipidome (reducing cardiolipins and phosphatidylethanolamines); these phenotypes are rescued by re-expression of WT ESYT1 or an artificial ER-mitochondria tether. |
BioID proximity labeling, co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, subcellular fractionation, Ca2+ flux assays, lipidomics, CRISPR knockout, rescue experiments |
Life science alliance |
High |
37931956
|
| 2023 |
E-Syt1 mediates formation of ER-PM contact sites in hippocampal dendrites during LTP induction. Loss of E-Syt1 impairs neuronal activity-dependent surface expression of AMPA-type glutamate receptors, linking ER-PM junctions regulated by E-Syt1 to neurotransmitter receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity. |
Split-GFP membrane contact probe, hippocampal neuron live imaging, LTP induction, AMPA receptor surface expression assay, E-Syt1 knockdown |
Contact (Thousand Oaks (Ventura County, Calif.)) |
Medium |
37484831
|
| 2023 |
ESYT1 interacts intracellularly with the adhesion GPCR GPR133 (ADGRD1) via its Ca2+-sensing C2C domain, as shown by proximity biotinylation proteomics. ESYT1 knockdown or knockout increases GPR133-mediated cAMP signaling without altering GPR133 surface levels. Elevated cytosolic Ca2+ (via thapsigargin) promotes ESYT1-GPR133 dissociation and relieves this signaling suppression, defining Ca2+-regulated ESYT1-GPR133 interaction as a modulatory mechanism for GPCR signaling. |
Proximity biotinylation proteomics (BioID), ESYT1 KD/KO, cAMP measurements, thapsigargin treatment, C2C domain requirement mapping |
bioRxivpreprint |
Medium |
36798364
|
| 2024 |
PACS-1 interacts with both TRPC3 and ESyt1 in corticotropic cells, promotes TRPC3-ESyt1 interaction, and regulates their plasma membrane localization. PACS-1 is required for a proper store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) response, and ESyt1 regulates ACTH secretion through a mechanism dependent on PACS-1. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, plasma membrane localization assays, SOCE measurement, ACTH secretion assay, siRNA knockdown |
ACS omega |
Medium |
39157130
|
| 2025 |
HDL-resident sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) activates S1P receptor 3 and Gαq, triggering PLC-β3-mediated PIP2 hydrolysis and cytosolic Ca2+ elevation, which drives rapid recruitment of E-Syt1 to ER-PM contact sites. Genetic or pharmacological disruption of this pathway impairs non-vesicular transfer of HDL-derived cholesterol to intracellular compartments, establishing E-Syt1 as a downstream effector of S1P/Ca2+ signaling for HDL cholesterol redistribution. |
Genetic knockout, pharmacological inhibition, live-cell imaging of E-Syt1 recruitment, cholesterol transport assays, Ca2+ measurements |
Nature cell biology |
High |
40437229
|
| 2025 |
At STIM1 ER-PM junctions, E-Syt1 mediates formation of an ANO1-VAPA-IRBIT-E-Syt1-AC8-AKAP5-PKA complex that phosphorylates ANO1 at S673, increasing ANO1 Ca2+ affinity and surface expression. E-Syt1's effects are primarily mediated through its regulation of junctional PI(4)P, PI(4,5)P2 and phosphatidylserine levels. By contrast, E-Syt2 forms an opposing complex that phosphorylates ANO1 S221 and reduces Ca2+ affinity. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, IRBIT knockout mice, phosphomutant analysis, ANO1 current measurements, lipid measurements at junctions |
Nature communications |
High |
40204782
|
| 2025 |
NLRP6 interacts with E-Syt1 through its PYD domain binding to E-Syt1's SMP domain, and this interaction negatively regulates E-Syt1-promoted macrophage phagocytosis. E-Syt1 promotes phagocytosis, while NLRP6 suppresses it via this direct interaction, as shown by co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry and phagocytosis assays in macrophages. |
Co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry, western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, phagocytosis assays, domain interaction mapping (PYD-SMP), Nlrp6 knockout macrophages |
Gut |
Medium |
40473401
|
| 2023 |
ESyt1 knockdown in the medial prefrontal cortex reduced increased spine density and enhanced sociability observed in enriched-environment-housed mice, while having no effect under normal conditions, indicating that ESyt1 is required for activity-dependent synapse formation in the mPFC during environmental enrichment. |
Lentiviral shRNA knockdown in mPFC, spine density quantification, behavioral sociability assay, HPLC-MS proteomics |
Molecular neurobiology |
Low |
37964089
|
| 2024 |
E-syt1 overexpression in myoblasts impairs mitochondrial respiration, biogenesis, and mitochondrial dynamics, and inhibits mitophagic flux; mechanistically, E-syt1 overexpression causes mitochondrial calcium overload and ROS burst, inhibiting fusion of mitophagosomes with lysosomes and lysosomal acidification. E-syt1 inhibition in vivo increased muscle mass, endurance, and mitochondrial oxidative capacity in OVX mice. |
Gain- and loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo, mitochondrial respiration (Seahorse), mitophagy flux assays, Ca2+ imaging, ROS measurement, lysosomal pH assay, animal exercise testing |
Redox biology |
Medium |
39675068
|