| 2001 |
Crystal structure of the autoinhibited, unphosphorylated EphB2 kinase domain (with juxtamembrane region) at 1.9 Å resolution reveals that the juxtamembrane segment adopts a helical conformation that distorts the small lobe of the kinase domain and blocks the activation segment, providing structural autoinhibition. Phosphorylation of conserved juxtamembrane tyrosines relieves this autoinhibition by disrupting the JM-kinase interface and liberating phosphotyrosine sites for SH2-domain binding. |
X-ray crystallography + site-directed mutagenesis |
Cell |
High |
11572780
|
| 1998 |
Crystal structure of the EphB2 ligand-binding domain at 2.9 Å resolution reveals a jellyroll beta-sandwich of 11 antiparallel beta-strands. Structure-based mutagenesis identified an extended loop critical for ligand binding and subclass specificity, localizing the ligand-binding surface to the concave beta-sandwich near positions where missense mutations cause signaling defects. |
X-ray crystallography + structure-based mutagenesis |
Nature |
High |
9853759
|
| 2004 |
EphB2 and ephrin-A5 (a cross-subclass pair) bind each other with high affinity, triggering receptor clustering, autophosphorylation, and downstream signaling. Ephrin-A5 induces EphB2-mediated growth cone collapse and neurite retraction. Crystal structure reveals a heterodimeric complex architecturally distinct from the tetrameric EphB2-ephrinB2 structure, providing a molecular basis for cross-subclass signaling. |
X-ray crystallography, cell-based signaling assays (receptor clustering, autophosphorylation), growth cone collapse assay |
Nature neuroscience |
High |
15107857
|
| 1998 |
Phosphorylated tyrosine 611 in the juxtamembrane region of EphB2 is a major autophosphorylation site and is required for interaction with the SH2 domain of Src kinase. Tyrosines 605 and 611 are important for EphB2 kinase activity. EphB2 and Src physically associate (co-immunoprecipitation), and activated EphB2 induces increased tyrosine phosphorylation of Src. |
Yeast two-hybrid, site-directed mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation, phosphopeptide mapping |
Oncogene |
High |
9632142
|
| 2001 |
Abl and Arg non-receptor tyrosine kinases associate with EphB2 through multiple distinct interactions: (1) their SH2 domains bind phosphorylated juxtamembrane tyrosines of EphB2; (2) a phosphorylation-independent interaction involves C-terminal sequences of Abl/Arg; (3) a third interaction requires EphB2 phosphorylation but not direct SH2 binding. Activated EphB2 phosphorylates Abl and Arg, and ephrin-B1 stimulation decreases endogenous Abl kinase activity. |
Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, kinase activity assay, ephrin-B1 stimulation of endogenous EphB2 |
Oncogene |
High |
11494128
|
| 2001 |
EphB2 null mice exhibit reduced NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic current and reduced synaptically localized NR1 subunit (immunogold) in dentate granule neurons. Mice lacking only the intracellular kinase domain retain wild-type LTP, indicating that kinase-independent EphB2 functions mediate certain synaptic roles, whereas the extracellular/transmembrane domain is required for NMDA receptor regulation. |
EphB2 knockout mouse, electrophysiology (LTP, NMDA currents), immunogold localization |
Neuron |
High |
11754836
|
| 2001 |
EphB2 kinase signaling is not required for protein synthesis-dependent LTP or for two forms of synaptic depression in hippocampal slices; a C-terminally truncated EphB2 (lacking kinase domain) rescues the EphB2 null phenotype, demonstrating kinase-independent regulation of synaptic plasticity. Eph receptor stimulation in cultured neurons modulates signaling pathways implicated in synaptic plasticity, suggesting cross-talk with NMDA receptor-activated pathways. |
EphB2 knockout mouse, targeted knock-in of truncated EphB2, LTP/LTD electrophysiology in hippocampal slices |
Neuron |
High |
11754835
|
| 2010 |
Amyloid-β oligomers bind to the fibronectin repeats domain of EphB2 and trigger EphB2 degradation via the proteasome. EphB2 knockdown by shRNA reduces NMDA receptor currents and impairs LTP in dentate gyrus; increasing EphB2 expression in dentate gyrus of hAPP transgenic mice reverses NMDA receptor-dependent LTP deficits and memory impairments. |
Biochemical binding assay (Aβ oligomers + EphB2), lentiviral shRNA knockdown and overexpression in vivo, electrophysiology, behavioral memory tests |
Nature |
High |
21113149
|
| 2011 |
The serine protease neuropsin cleaves EphB2 in the amygdala upon stress, causing dissociation of EphB2 from the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor and promoting membrane turnover of EphB2 receptors. Dynamic EphB2-NR1 interaction enhances NMDA receptor current, induces Fkbp5 gene expression, and increases anxiety-like behaviour. Neuropsin-deficient mice lack EphB2 cleavage and show attenuated anxiety. |
Neuropsin knockout mice, intra-amygdala injection of neuropsin/antibodies/shRNA, EphB2-NR1 co-immunoprecipitation, NMDA receptor current recordings, behavioural assays |
Nature |
High |
21508957
|
| 2007 |
EphB2 receptor ectodomain is cleaved after residue 543; the remaining membrane fragment is then cleaved by presenilin-dependent γ-secretase after residue 569, releasing an intracellular peptide (EphB2/CTF2). Ephrin-B ligand-induced processing requires endocytosis and is sensitive to proteasomal (not metalloproteinase) inhibitors. Calcium influx/NMDA-induced processing is sensitive to GM6001 and ADAM10 inhibitors and occurs at the plasma membrane without endocytosis. Ligand stimulation also induces ubiquitination of EphB2. |
Pharmacological inhibitors, endocytosis blockade, biochemical cleavage mapping, ubiquitination assay |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
17428795
|
| 2009 |
The γ-secretase-derived intracellular peptide EphB2/CTF2 retains tyrosine kinase activity and directly phosphorylates NMDA receptor subunits (NR1, NR2) in cell lines and primary neuronal cultures, independently of Src kinases. A kinase-dead EphB2/CTF2 mutant lacks this activity. EphB2/CTF2 promotes cell-surface expression of NMDA receptors. |
In vitro kinase assay, Src inhibitors, kinase-dead mutant, cell-surface expression assay (primary neurons and cell lines) |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
19661068
|
| 2002 |
EphB2 recruits p120RasGAP via juxtamembrane (JM) binding sites, leading to down-regulation of the Ras-Erk MAPK pathway and neurite retraction. Elimination of RasGAP binding sites with addition of Grb2 binding sites within the kinase domain activates Erk MAPK upon ephrin-B1 stimulation. This confirms that EphB2-mediated neurite retraction correlates with Ras-Erk MAPK down-regulation mediated through RasGAP recruitment. |
Receptor mutagenesis/re-engineering, phospho-Erk immunoblotting, neurite retraction functional assay in NG108 neurons |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
12486127
|
| 2008 |
MMP-2 and MMP-9 cleave EphB2 in its ectodomain upon ephrin-B2 binding in vitro and in vivo. MMP-specific inhibition or cleavage-resistant EphB2 ectodomain mutations prevent EphB2-mediated cell-cell repulsion in HEK293 cells and block ephrin-B1-induced growth cone withdrawal in hippocampal neurons. Expression of cleavable but not non-cleavable EphB2 rescues ephrin-B1-induced growth cone collapse in EphB-deficient neurons. |
MMP inhibitors, cleavage-resistant mutagenesis, cell repulsion assay, growth cone collapse assay in EphB-deficient neurons, in vitro and in vivo cleavage assays |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
18713744
|
| 2009 |
EphB2 regulates intestinal progenitor cell migration and proliferation through two independent signaling pathways: kinase-independent, PI3K-mediated control of cell positioning/migration; and tyrosine kinase-dependent regulation of proliferation through an Abl-cyclin D1 pathway. These pathways dissociate during colon carcinoma progression, allowing continued proliferation with invasive growth. |
Genetic dissection with EphB2 mutants (kinase-dead, truncated), PI3K inhibitors, Abl inhibitors, cyclin D1 measurement, intestinal cell positioning assays |
Cell |
High |
19914164
|
| 2005 |
Upon EphB2 activation, R-Ras associates with EphB2 receptor and becomes highly phosphorylated. siRNA depletion of R-Ras abrogates EphB2 effects on glioma cell adhesion, proliferation, and invasion. Anti-proliferative responses correlate with suppressed MAPK activity, identifying EphB2/R-Ras as a functionally relevant signaling axis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, invasion/adhesion/proliferation assays, MAPK activity assay |
The American journal of pathology |
Medium |
16049340
|
| 2008 |
FGFR1 activation prevents EphB2-mediated cell segregation and repulsion by: (1) increasing basal EphB2 phosphorylation through down-regulation of the leukocyte common antigen-related (LAR) tyrosine phosphatase that dephosphorylates EphB2; and (2) inhibiting further EphB2 phosphorylation upon ephrinB1 stimulation via MAPK pathway-induced Sprouty genes. EphB2 normally activates the MAPK pathway, which feeds back positively to promote EphB2 activation. |
Phosphorylation analysis, LAR phosphatase knockdown, MAPK inhibitors, Sprouty expression, cell segregation/repulsion assays |
The Journal of cell biology |
Medium |
19047466
|
| 2014 |
EphB2 clustering determines repulsive signaling strength: small clusters (trimers/tetramers) are sufficient to induce cell collapse, with dimers being inactive. Extended EphB2 arrays are dispensable. The ratio of multimers to dimers within a cluster population determines collapse response strength. The C-terminal modules of EphB2 have negative regulatory effects on ephrin-induced clustering. |
Chemical dimerizers, fluorescence anisotropy in live cells, quantitative imaging, collapse response assays |
The Journal of cell biology |
Medium |
24469634
|
| 2016 |
Rac-dependent F-actin enrichment at sites of EphB2 internalization (not during vesicle trafficking) mediates trans-endocytosis. Systematic Rho GTPase depletion identified Rac subfamily and Tiam2 (Rac-specific GEF) as key components of EphB2 trans-endocytosis from opposing ephrinB+ cells, and this pathway is required for EphB2-stimulated contact repulsion. |
Live imaging, systematic siRNA screen of Rho GTPases, Tiam2 knockdown, trans-endocytosis assay, cell repulsion assay |
The Journal of cell biology |
Medium |
27597758
|
| 2012 |
EphB2 forward signaling mediates cortical growth cone collapse via Pak and Nck: kinase-active EphB2 binds Pak, promotes growth cone repulsion via Pak kinase activity, Pak-Nck binding, RhoA signaling and endocytosis. This occurs independently of Rac/Cdc42-GTP production after ephrinB treatment of cortical neurons. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (EphB2-Pak), dominant-negative constructs, endocytosis blockade, growth cone collapse assay in cortical neurons |
Molecular and cellular neurosciences |
Medium |
23147113
|
| 2017 |
Optogenetic (OptoEphB2) photoactivation of EphB2 in dendrites of hippocampal neurons induces rapid actin polymerization and dynamic dendritic filopodial growth. Rac1 and Cdc42 inhibition does not abolish this effect; instead, Abl2/Arg kinase is required as a necessary effector for OptoEphB2-induced filopodia growth in dendrites. |
Optogenetic EphB2 activation, Rac1/Cdc42 inhibitors, Arg kinase knockdown/inhibition, live-cell actin imaging |
Biology open |
Medium |
29158322
|
| 2015 |
EphB2 activation (by ephrinB1/Fc or overexpression plus ligand) induces tau dephosphorylation at multiple AD-associated sites through PI3K/Akt-mediated inhibition of GSK-3β. PI3K inhibition or GSK-3β upregulation abolishes this effect. Deletion of the tyrosine kinase domain eliminates EphB2 stimulation-induced GSK-3β inhibition and tau dephosphorylation, demonstrating kinase-dependence. |
Kinase-dead mutant, PI3K inhibitors, GSK-3β overexpression, phospho-tau immunoblotting in cell lines, primary neurons, and transgenic mice |
Scientific reports |
Medium |
26119563
|
| 2015 |
The protective effect of EphB2 against Aβ-induced depletion of surface NMDA receptors depends on EphB2's PDZ-binding motif and the presence of neuronal activity, but not on its kinase activity. The GluA2 subunit of AMPA receptors associates with EphB2's PDZ-binding motif via PDZ domain-containing proteins and promotes NMDA receptor retention at the membrane. |
Pharmacological treatments, primary neuronal cultures expressing wild-type or PDZ-motif/kinase-dead EphB2 mutants, biochemical co-association assays |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
26589795
|
| 2018 |
Photoactivation of OptoEphB2 (kinase-active) during fear conditioning (but not minutes afterward) enhances long-term fear memory consolidation and activates CREB in lateral amygdala neurons. Kinase-dead OptoEphB2 lacks these effects. EphB2lacZ/lacZ mice lacking forward signaling show impaired long-term auditory fear conditioning memory, rescued by optoEphB2 activation. |
Optogenetics, kinase-dead mutant, EphB2lacZ/lacZ knockout mice, CREB phosphorylation, behavioral fear conditioning |
Cell reports |
Medium |
29768201
|
| 2011 |
EphB2 tyrosine kinase forward signaling (catalytic activity is essential) controls migration of nestin-positive neural progenitor cells from the dentate notch neuroepithelium to populate the lateral suprapyramidal blade (LSB) of the dentate gyrus. Ephrin-B1 acts as the ligand for EphB2 in this context. Loss of EphB2 forward signaling dramatically reduces Reelin immunoreactivity in a compartment above the developing LSB. |
EphB2 kinase-dead and truncation mutants in mice, BrdU/nestin labeling, Reelin immunostaining, ephrin-B1 knockout comparison |
The Journal of neuroscience |
Medium |
21832177
|
| 2000 |
EphB2 is expressed in K+-secreting dark cells of the inner ear epithelium and is required for proper efferent axon midline guidance and for endolymph homeostasis. PDZ domain-containing proteins bind the C-terminus of EphB2 and can also recognize cytoplasmic tails of anion exchangers and aquaporins, suggesting EphB2 regulates ionic homeostasis through macromolecular complexes with membrane channels. |
EphB2 knockout mouse (circling behavior, vestibular phenotype analysis), PDZ binding assay, ultrastructural analysis |
Neuron |
Medium |
10839360
|
| 2006 |
Bidirectional signaling by EphB2 (forward) and ephrin-B2 (reverse) is required for proper K+ secretion and ionic homeostasis in vestibular endolymph. Mutations disrupting EphB2 forward signaling or ephrin-B2 reverse signaling decrease K+ concentration and endolymphatic potential, demonstrating that B-subclass Eph/ephrin signaling controls epithelial ion transport function. |
Targeted mutations (cytoplasmic domain) of EphB2 and ephrin-B2 in mice, direct electrophysiological measurement of endolymphatic potential and K+ concentration in live animals |
Hearing research |
Medium |
17158005
|
| 2019 |
EPHB2 carried on small extracellular vesicles (exosomes) induces tumor angiogenesis by transporting the transmembrane receptor to non-adjacent endothelial cells, stimulating ephrin-B reverse signaling and STAT3 phosphorylation. A STAT3 inhibitor greatly reduces SEV-induced angiogenesis. |
Proteomic analysis of SEVs, EPHB2 knockdown in SEVs, in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis assays, STAT3 phosphorylation analysis, STAT3 inhibitor treatment |
JCI insight |
Medium |
31661464
|
| 2020 |
RNF186, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, ubiquitinates EPHB2 at Lys892 upon stimulation by ligand EFNB1. Ubiquitinated EPHB2 recruits MAP1LC3B to activate autophagy in colonic epithelial cells. rnf186 and ephb2 knockout mice show more severe DSS-induced colitis due to autophagy defects in colon epithelial cells. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay (K892R mutant), autophagy markers (LC3B), KO mice + DSS colitis model |
Autophagy |
Medium |
33280498
|
| 2021 |
EPHB2 drives liver cancer stemness and sorafenib resistance through activation of the SRC/AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling cascade. EPHB2 expression is regulated by TCF1 via promoter activation, forming a positive Wnt/β-catenin feedback loop. EPHB2 knockout attenuates tumor development and rAAV-8-shEPHB2 sensitizes HCC cells to sorafenib. |
EPHB2 knockout (endogenous), RNA-seq, signaling pathway analysis, xenograft and immunocompetent mouse models, rAAV-mediated shRNA knockdown |
Cancer research |
Medium |
33903122
|
| 2023 |
EphB2, acting as a downstream effector of Notch signaling in hepatocytes, is sufficient to induce cell-autonomous inflammation during NASH progression. Knockdown of Ephb2 in hepatocytes ameliorates inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse NASH model. EphB2-expressing hepatocytes are specifically demarcated as a profibrotic/inflammatory subpopulation. |
Single-nucleus transcriptomics/epigenomics, Notch pathway analysis, hepatocyte-specific Ephb2 knockdown in NASH mouse model, inflammation/fibrosis readouts |
Science translational medicine |
Medium |
36753562
|
| 2018 |
EphB2 is upregulated and activated in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during fibrogenesis. EphB2-deficient HSCs show impaired proliferation and suboptimal differentiation into fibrogenic myofibroblasts in vitro, identifying HSC activation as a cellular mechanism through which EphB2 promotes liver fibrosis. |
EphB2 knockout mice, in vitro HSC activation, fibrosis markers, apoptosis assays |
Scientific reports |
Medium |
29416088
|
| 2014 |
Tissue factor (TF)/coagulation factor VIIa (FVIIa) cleaves EphB2 ectodomain at a key arginine residue (identified by Edman sequencing and LC-MS/MS). This cleavage is independent of PAR2 signaling and potentiates cell repulsion mediated by the EphB2 ligand ephrin-B1, identifying TF/FVIIa as a novel protease controlling Eph-mediated cell segregation. |
N-terminal Edman sequencing, LC-MS/MS, PAR2 inhibition, cell repulsion assay |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
25281742
|
| 2018 |
A human missense mutation p.R745C in the EphB2 kinase domain impairs EphB2 autophosphorylation but not ephrin ligand-induced EphB2 clustering. This results in defects in platelet aggregation, αIIbβ3 activation, granule secretion, and thrombus formation. EPHB2 positively regulates GPVI platelet signaling (Lyn, Syk, FcRγ phosphorylation) and Src activation downstream of PAR4. |
Whole-exome sequencing, patient platelets, overexpression in RBL-2H3 cells, platelet aggregation/flow assays, phosphorylation analysis |
Blood |
High |
30213874
|
| 2014 |
EphB2 co-associates with and activates focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in glioblastoma neurosphere cells, facilitating focal adhesion formation, cytoskeletal changes, and cell migration. EphB2 expression stimulates invasion and inhibits proliferation in vitro and in vivo. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (EphB2-FAK), EphB2 overexpression/silencing, FAK phosphorylation analysis, migration/invasion/proliferation assays, xenograft model |
Oncogene |
Medium |
22310282
|
| 2017 |
EphB2 signaling induces mitochondrial translocation of Sirt3. EphrinB2-Fc induces nuclear translocation of Nrf-2 via c-Src phosphorylation, and Sirt3 expression is regulated by Nrf-2. EphB2/Sirt3 signaling increases MnSOD activity (by deacetylation at Lys68) to reduce mitochondrial ROS and suppress MSC senescence. |
EphB2 knockdown, Sirt3 knockdown, subcellular fractionation, Nrf-2/Src phosphorylation analysis, MnSOD deacetylation/activity assay, ROS measurement |
Free radical biology & medicine |
Medium |
28687409
|
| 2024 |
Ephrin-B2 acts on mouse and human DRG neurons via EphB2 to induce nociceptor plasticity and hyperalgesic priming through MNK-eIF4E signaling. Sensory neuron-specific EphB2 knockout (Pirt-Cre) abrogates ephrin-B2-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and enhanced Ca2+ responses to PGE2. MNK1 knockout or MNK inhibitor (eFT508) blocks acute and priming responses. |
Conditional EphB2 knockout (Pirt-Cre), MNK1 knockout, MNK inhibitor, Ca2+ imaging in cultured DRG neurons (mouse and human), behavioral pain assays |
Pharmacological research |
Medium |
38925462
|
| 2017 |
EphB2 receptor repulsion trans-endocytosis requires Eps15R and clathrin. Eps15R (but not Eps15) knockdown significantly reduces EphB2-mediated cell repulsion. A novel DPFxxLDPF motif in Eps15R binds directly to the clathrin terminal domain in vitro; wild-type Eps15R but not the clathrin-binding mutant rescues cell repulsion. |
siRNA knockdown, in vitro clathrin-binding assay, rescue experiments in co-culture cell repulsion assay |
Traffic |
Medium |
28972287
|
| 2016 |
EphB2 activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) via EphrinB1-Fc produces stress-resistant and antidepressant-like effects. EphB2 shRNA knockdown in the mPFC increases stress susceptibility. These effects are associated with changes in cofilin phosphorylation, membrane AMPA receptor trafficking, and spine remodeling. |
Lentiviral shRNA knockdown, EphrinB1-Fc intra-mPFC injection, behavioral assays, cofilin phosphorylation, AMPAR surface trafficking, spine analysis |
Neuropsychopharmacology |
Medium |
27103064
|
| 2021 |
Loss of EPHB2 in prostate cancer cells increases lipogenic DGAT1, DGAT2, and PLIN2 and decreases lipolytic ATGL and PEDF, leading to lipid droplet accumulation in cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. A DGAT1-specific inhibitor abrogates LD accumulation and proliferative effects induced by EPHB2 loss, mechanistically linking EPHB2 to lipid homeostasis via DGAT1/ATGL regulation. |
EPHB2 siRNA knockdown, DGAT1 inhibitor, lipid droplet quantification, proliferation assays, protein expression analysis |
Laboratory investigation |
Medium |
33824421
|
| 1995 |
DRT (EPHB2/EPHT3) encodes a receptor-type tyrosine kinase of the EPH family. Its 11 kb transcript is preferentially expressed in fetal brain and is upregulated upon retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation of NTera-2 cells, indicating a role in neurogenesis. The gene was mapped to human chromosome 1p35-1p36.1. |
cDNA library screening with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody, 5' RACE, RT-PCR, chromosomal mapping by somatic cell hybrid panels and FISH, retinoic acid differentiation assay |
Human molecular genetics |
Low |
8589679
|
| 2014 |
EphB2 signaling in B cells promotes proliferation, TNF-α secretion, and IgG production in human naive B cells. EphB2 knockdown attenuates B-cell activation via reduction of Src-p65 (NF-κB) and Notch1 signaling pathways. |
EphB2 siRNA in human primary B cells, proliferation assay, ELISA (cytokines/Ig), Src/p65/Notch1 pathway analysis |
FASEB journal |
Low |
24803541
|