Affinage

ELOB

Elongin-B · UniProt Q15370

Length
118 aa
Mass
13.1 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
60 papers in source corpus 32 papers cited in narrative 32 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ELOB (Elongin B / TCEB2) operates as a constitutive subunit of the ELOB-ELOC heterodimer that serves two distinct cellular functions: structural adaptation within cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases and stimulation of RNA polymerase II transcription elongation (PMID:37932450, PMID:15574592). As an elongation factor, ELOB-ELOC anchors to ELOA, which binds the RPB2 side of transcribing Pol II and inserts a 'latch' element into the bridge-helix/funnel region of the active center to allosterically stimulate elongation (PMID:37932450). As a ligase adaptor, the ELOB-ELOC heterodimer bridges BC-box/SOCS-box substrate receptors to CUL2 or CUL5 scaffolds, enabling assembly of CRL2 and CRL5 complexes that ubiquitinate diverse substrates; structural and HDX-MS analyses show ELOB-ELOC functions as a flexible hinge that transmits long-range allosteric crosstalk from substrate receptor through cullin to the catalytic RING subunit (PMID:32513959). Through this adaptor role, ELOB supports degradation of substrates including p14/ARF via the CRL2-PRAME complex (PMID:33504946, PMID:38653919), IMPDH isoforms via ANKRD9-CUL5 (PMID:30293565), SMAD1 via ZSWIM4-CUL2 to attenuate BMP signaling (PMID:38177922), SQOR via ASB1 in spermiogenesis (PMID:39733518), and TNP2 via ASB9 during the histone-to-protamine transition (PMID:41915740). Viral proteins exploit this machinery: HIV-1 Vif recruits CBF-β, CUL5, ELOB, ELOC, and RBX2 to ubiquitinate APOBEC3 proteins, with Vif binding ELOC through its BC-box and a Pro-Pro-Leu-Pro motif contacting the ELOB C-terminal domain via induced folding (PMID:22190037, PMID:20532212, PMID:37640699); analogous BC-box-mediated recruitment occurs for non-primate lentiviral Vifs, adenoviral Gam1, and rotavirus NSP1, where Elongin BC additionally stabilizes the viral antagonist proteins (PMID:25142583, PMID:17392274, PMID:42234532). ELOB also participates in chromatin-associated and elongation-coupled functions, being recruited as a PRC2-associated subunit to lineage-specifier promoters in a cell-cycle-dependent manner (PMID:32181346), and its BC-box-binding pocket can be blocked by a high-affinity EPOP-derived peptide that disrupts partner association and induces apoptosis in cancer cells (PMID:37354906).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 13 steps
  1. 2004 High

    Establishing that ELOB-ELOC are core components of a virally co-opted SCF-like E3 ligase answered how HIV-1 Vif directs APOBEC3G to degradation, defining the SOCS-box/BC-box as the docking principle for ELOC.

    Evidence Co-IP, in vitro/in vivo ubiquitination, mutagenesis and phosphorylation analysis of the Vif-CUL5-ELOB-ELOC complex

    PMID:15574592

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not provide atomic-resolution architecture of the assembled complex
    • Role of CBF-β not yet known
  2. 2007 Medium

    Demonstrating that adenoviral Gam1 recruits the SUMO E1 into ELOB-ELOC-containing CUL2/5 ligases extended the adaptor role beyond lentiviral Vif to a broader viral strategy of co-opting ELOB-based ligases.

    Evidence Co-IP, in vitro/in vivo ubiquitination, knockdown/rescue in cells

    PMID:17392274

    Open questions at the time
    • No structural characterization of the Gam1-ELOB-ELOC interface
  3. 2010 High

    Resolving that Vif binds ELOB-ELOC at two sites by induced folding—BC-box to ELOC and a PPLP motif to the ELOB C-terminus—revealed ELOB as an active, conformation-determining partner rather than a passive scaffold.

    Evidence Purified-protein binding, ITC, NMR and cell-based functional assays

    PMID:20532212 PMID:24225024

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not define how these interactions position substrate relative to the catalytic RING
    • PPLP-ELOB interaction characterized as weak
  4. 2012 Medium

    Showing that CBF-β prestabilizes Vif and raises CUL5 affinity ~60-fold, with ELOB-ELOC enhancing Vif folding and solubility, clarified the assembly hierarchy and ELOB's chaperone-like contribution to complex stability.

    Evidence Protein co-expression/purification, solubility assays, ITC with heat-capacity analysis

    PMID:22479405 PMID:23098073 PMID:23988114

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-lab biophysical measurements
    • Mechanism of ELOB-mediated stabilization of partner proteins not generalized beyond Vif at this stage
  5. 2014 High

    Crystallography of the Vif-CBF-β-CUL5-ELOB-ELOC pentamer showed Vif mimics SOCS2 and that ELOC/CUL5 are engaged cooperatively, providing the first complete view of how ELOB-ELOC bridge a SOCS-box receptor to a cullin.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of the reconstituted pentameric complex

    PMID:24402281

    Open questions at the time
    • Static structure did not capture catalytic dynamics or substrate engagement
  6. 2014 Medium

    Demonstrating that non-primate lentiviral Vifs (BIV, MVV) recruit ELOB-ELOC through BC-box motifs—with CUL2 or CUL5 and independently of CBF-β—established the universality and modularity of ELOB-ELOC adaptor usage across cullin scaffolds.

    Evidence Co-IP, siRNA knockdown, BC-box mutagenesis and degradation assays across viral systems

    PMID:25142583 PMID:25213124

    Open questions at the time
    • No structures of these non-primate complexes
    • Determinants of CUL2- vs CUL5-selection not defined
  7. 2018 Medium

    Identifying cellular ASB9- and ANKRD9-based CRL5 complexes with defined substrates (TNP2, IMPDH) confirmed that ELOB-ELOC serve endogenous, physiologically important ligases beyond viral hijacking.

    Evidence Quantitative proteomics, complex reconstitution, in vitro/in vivo ubiquitination assays

    PMID:30293565 PMID:41915740

    Open questions at the time
    • Substrate selectivity rules for individual ASB/receptor proteins not fully resolved
  8. 2020 High

    Cryo-EM and HDX-MS of the ASB9-ELOB-ELOC-CUL5-RBX2 complex with substrate revealed ELOB-ELOC as a flexible hinge transmitting long-range allosteric crosstalk, redefining the heterodimer as a conformational signal conduit rather than a rigid spacer.

    Evidence Cryo-EM with HDX-MS conformational analysis of the substrate-bound complex

    PMID:32513959

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether this hinge behavior generalizes to all ELOB-ELOC ligases not established
  9. 2020 Medium

    Detecting ELOB enrichment at lineage-specifier promoters in G1 as a PRC2-associated subunit linked ELOB to cell-cycle-coupled chromatin regulation, hinting at a nuclear role distinct from its ligase function.

    Evidence ChIP-seq with cell-cycle synchronization, live-cell imaging, transcriptional analysis in mouse ESCs

    PMID:32181346

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct biochemical mechanism connecting ELOB to PRC2 not defined
    • Whether recruitment is via elongation or ligase activity unclear
  10. 2023 High

    Cryo-EM of human Elongin (ELOA-ELOB-ELOC) on transcribing Pol II defined the structural basis of the second major function: an ELOA latch allosterically modulates the active center, with ELOB-ELOC anchoring ELOA to the polymerase.

    Evidence Cryo-EM with latch-mutant elongation and Pol II binding assays

    PMID:37932450

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific contribution of ELOB versus ELOC to elongation stimulation not separately dissected
  11. 2023 Medium

    Expanding ELOB-ELOC substrates and partners (AXL, USP51-VHL-HIF1A, EPOP-binding pocket, viral antagonists) revealed both ligase-promoting and ligase-counteracting roles and identified the BC-box pocket as a druggable target.

    Evidence CRISPR screens, Co-IP, deubiquitination/SUMOylation assays, high-affinity peptide binding and RNA-seq

    PMID:36753617 PMID:37354906 PMID:37640699 PMID:37816999

    Open questions at the time
    • How a single ELOB-ELOC pocket is partitioned among competing BC-box partners in cells unresolved
    • VHL-independent AXL regulation mechanism not fully mapped
  12. 2025 High

    Showing that ELOB-ELOC not only adapt ligases but also stabilize BC-box-containing viral innate-immune antagonists (rotavirus NSP1, pestiviral N-pro, adenovirus E4orf6) generalized the chaperone-like stabilizing function across viruses.

    Evidence CRISPR KO and siRNA knockdown of TCEB2, recombinant virus BC-box mutagenesis, IRF3 degradation and interferon assays

    PMID:42234532

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of stabilization versus ligase adaptation not distinguished
  13. 2026 Medium

    ELOB knockout impairing diffuse midline glioma growth with redistribution of H3K27M/H3K27me3 and disrupted Pol II transcription tied ELOB's elongation/chromatin roles to an oncogenic dependency.

    Evidence CRISPR KO, PRO-seq, RNA-seq, ChIP-seq and xenograft models (preprint)

    PMID:42239282

    Open questions at the time
    • Preprint, single lab, not peer-reviewed
    • Mechanistic link between ELOB and H3K27M genomic occupancy not resolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a single ELOB-ELOC heterodimer is allocated between its transcription-elongation function and dozens of competing BC-box ligase receptors—and how this partitioning is regulated across cell cycle, tissue, and disease—remains unresolved.
  • No quantitative model of ELOB-ELOC distribution among competing partners
  • Regulation of the elongation versus ligase pools not defined
  • Distinct biochemical contribution of ELOB itself (vs ELOC) to most functions not separated

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 3 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 1
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 2 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 2 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 1
Partners
ANKRD9ASB9CUL2CUL5ELOAELOCUSP51VIF
Complex memberships
CUL2-RBX1 cullin-RING E3 ligase (CRL2)CUL5-RBX2 cullin-RING E3 ligase (CRL5)Elongin (SIII) complex (ELOA-ELOB-ELOC)Vif-CBF-β-CUL5-ELOB-ELOC-RBX2 complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 32 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2023 Cryo-EM structures of human Elongin (ELOA-ELOB-ELOC) bound to transcribing RNA polymerase II show that ELOB-ELOC form a heterodimer anchored to ELOA, which binds the RPB2 side of Pol II; ELOA contains a 'latch' that contacts the Pol II bridge helix/funnel region to allosterically regulate the polymerase active center, and this latch is required for elongation-stimulatory activity but not for Pol II binding. Cryo-EM structure determination with functional validation (latch mutants tested for elongation stimulation and Pol II binding) Nature structural & molecular biology High 37932450
2011 HIV-1 Vif recruits CBF-β to an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing CUL5, ELOB, ELOC, and RBX2; reconstitution of the six-protein complex (Vif-CBF-β-CUL5-ELOB-ELOC-RBX2) elicits specific polyubiquitination of APOBEC3G but not APOBEC3A. CBF-β knockdown prevents Vif-mediated APOBEC3G degradation. Affinity tag/purification mass spectrometry, recombinant protein reconstitution, in vitro ubiquitination assay, RNA knockdown and genetic complementation Nature High 22190037
2014 Crystal structure of the Vif-CBF-β-CUL5-ELOB-ELOC pentameric complex reveals that Vif organizes the complex through two domains: an α/β domain binding CBF-β (exclusive with RUNX1 binding) and an α-domain that cooperatively interacts with ELOC and CUL5, mimicking SOCS2. A unique zinc-finger motif of Vif stabilizes the α-domain conformation important for CUL5 interaction. X-ray crystallography Nature High 24402281
2004 Vif targets APOBEC3G for degradation by forming an SCF-like E3 ubiquitin ligase containing CUL5, ELOB, and ELOC through a SOCS-box that binds ELOC. Serine phosphorylation in the BC-box motif negatively regulates Vif binding to ELOC. Vif autoubiquitination in the assembled Vif-CUL5 complex requires an intact SOCS-box. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro and in vivo ubiquitination assays, mutagenesis, phosphorylation analysis Genes & development High 15574592
2010 Vif binds to ELOB-ELOC at two locations via an induced-folding mechanism: the established BC-box of Vif binds ELOC, and a conserved Pro-Pro-Leu-Pro motif of Vif interacts with the C-terminal domain of ELOB. Both interactions induce structural changes in Vif's SOCS-box and ELOB-ELOC. The PPLP-ELOB interaction is necessary for functional ligase complex formation. Purified protein direct binding assays, isothermal titration calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, cell-based functional assays PLoS pathogens High 20532212
2013 NMR solution structure of the Vif SOCS-box bound to ELOB-ELOC reveals that Vif's SOCS-box has one α-helical domain followed by a β-sheet fold (distinct from other SOCS proteins), binds primarily to ELOC by hydrophobic interactions, and the proline-rich motif mediates a direct but weak interaction with residues 101-104 of ELOB, inducing a conformational change from unstructured to structured. NMR spectroscopy, biophysical characterization Open biology High 24225024
2012 CBF-β interacts directly with full-length Vif; association of Vif with ELOB-ELOC greatly increases solubility of full-length Vif; a stable Vif-CBF-β-ELOB-ELOC complex was purified and shown to bind purified CUL5. ELOB-ELOC but not CBF-β greatly enhances folding of full-length Vif in E. coli. Protein co-expression and purification, direct binding assays, solubility assays PloS one Medium 22479405
2012 CBF-β increases the affinity of CUL5 for the Vif/ELOB/ELOC complex: isothermal calorimetry shows CUL5 binds Vif(1-192)/ELOB/ELOC/CBF-β with Kd ~5 nM versus ~327 nM for Vif(95-192)/ELOB/ELOC (which cannot bind CBF-β). CBF-β prestabilizes Vif, strengthening Vif's C-terminal Zn2+-binding motif interaction with CUL5. Isothermal titration calorimetry, heat capacity analysis Biochemistry Medium 23098073
2013 ELOB positively affects CBF-β recruitment to Vif: knockdown of endogenous ELOB or overexpression of an ELOB mutant lacking the 34-residue C-terminal tail (EBΔC34) impairs the Vif-CBF-β interaction. ELOB overexpression stabilizes Vif/VifΔSLQ/VifΔPPL through a region between residues 9 and 14 of ELOB. siRNA knockdown, co-immunoprecipitation, mutant overexpression, E. coli co-expression Retrovirology Medium 23988114
2020 ELOB (as a PRC2-associated subunit) is enriched at lineage specifier gene promoters during the G1 phase of the cell cycle in mouse embryonic stem cells, while PRC2 catalytic subunits (Ezh2, Jarid2) are enriched during S/G2 phases. This differential recruitment across cell cycle is linked to changes in RNA synthesis and RNA polymerase II binding. ChIP-seq, cell cycle synchronization, live-cell imaging, transcriptional analysis Science advances Medium 32181346
2020 Cryo-EM structure of ASB9-ELOB-ELOC bound to substrate (creatine kinase) and CUL5-RBX2 reveals that ELOB-ELOC acts as a hinge between ASB9 and CUL5, transmitting long-range allosteric crosstalk from the substrate through CUL5 to RBX2. HDX-MS confirms ELOB-ELOC provides conformational flexibility while ASB9 and CUL5 behave as rigid rods. Cryo-EM, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) Nature communications High 32513959
2014 BIV Vif recruits ELOB-ELOC together with CUL2 and RBX1 (not CUL5 or CBF-β) to form a CRL2 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; siRNA knockdown of ELOB inhibits BIV Vif-mediated degradation of bovine APOBEC3 proteins. BC-box mutation in BIV Vif (SLQ-AAA) abolishes ELOB-ELOC interaction and A3 degradation. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, mutagenesis, ubiquitination assays Journal of virology Medium 25142583
2014 MVV Vif also recruits ELOB-ELOC (together with CUL5) in a CBF-β-independent manner to degrade ovine APOBEC3Z2-Z3; BC-box mutations in MVV Vif disrupt ELOB-ELOC binding and abolish A3 degradation. Co-immunoprecipitation, mutagenesis, dominant-negative mutants Retrovirology Medium 25213124
2007 Adenoviral protein Gam1 recruits SAE1/SAE2 (SUMO E1) into CUL2/5-ELOB-ELOC-ROC1 ubiquitin ligase complexes via its SOCS domain, leading to SAE1 ubiquitylation and degradation; this inactivates sumoylation. ELOB is thus a component of Gam1-recruited CUL-RING ligases mediating viral antagonism of SUMO pathway. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro and in vivo ubiquitination assays, knockdown/rescue The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 17392274
2021 ELOB is a component of the CUL2-RBX1-ELOB E3 ligase (CRL2Prame) complex that mediates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p14/ARF. Immunoprecipitation and in vivo ubiquitination assays established Cullin2-RBX1-ELOB assembly, with Prame as the substrate receptor recognizing p14/ARF. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo ubiquitination assay, siRNA knockdown Cell death and differentiation Medium 33504946
2024 ELOB, as the core element of the CUL2-RBX1-ELOB E3 ligase (CRL2) complex, regulates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p14/ARF in breast cancer cells; ELOB knockdown suppresses proliferation, rescued by simultaneous p14/ARF knockdown. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo ubiquitination assay, siRNA knockdown, in vivo xenograft Cell biology and toxicology Medium 38653919
2023 ELOB (as part of the Elongin BC heterodimer) negatively regulates AXL receptor tyrosine kinase expression in melanoma; CRISPR screen, followed by functional validation, shows ELOB interacts with AXL through ELOB directly, contributing to proteasomal AXL turnover. This regulation is independent of hypoxia/VHL. FACS-based whole-genome CRISPR-Cas9 screen, Co-immunoprecipitation, proteasome inhibition assays Molecular cancer research Medium 36753617
2018 ANKRD9 forms a CUL5-ELOB-ELOC-RNF7 cullin-RING E3 ligase complex (not CUL2) and functions as its substrate receptor. This complex ubiquitinates IMPDH isoforms (IMPDH1 and IMPDH2) for proteasomal degradation; ubiquitination requires ANKRD9 presence. Quantitative proteomics, Co-IP, complex reconstitution, in vitro ubiquitination assay Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease Medium 30293565
2024 ASB1 interacts with ELOB to assemble an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that promotes K48-linked ubiquitination of sulfide-quinone oxidoreductase (SQOR) at residues K207 and K344, triggering proteasomal degradation and controlling H2S homeostasis during spermiogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo ubiquitination assay, Asb1 knockout mouse model, site-directed mutagenesis Redox biology Medium 39733518
2024 ZSWIM4 interacts with ELOB and ELOC (identified by SILAC proteomics) and forms a CUL2-RING ubiquitin ligase complex with ELOB-ELOC to promote ubiquitination and nuclear degradation of SMAD1, attenuating BMP signaling during Xenopus embryonic patterning. SILAC proteomics, Co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo ubiquitination assay, Xenopus loss-of-function/gain-of-function EMBO reports Medium 38177922
2023 TULP4 forms a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase through interaction with CUL5-ELOB-ELOC-RNF7 complex; schizophrenia-associated TULP4 variants affect binding of TULP4 to CUL5. Tulp4 knockdown delays neuronal migration in mice. Co-immunoprecipitation, whole-exome sequencing, in utero knockdown, behavioral assays CNS neuroscience & therapeutics Low 37650344
2023 USP51 directly binds ELOC and forms a larger complex with the VHL E3 ligase (USP51/VHL/CUL2/ELOB/ELOC/RBX1); within this complex USP51 deubiquitinates HIF1A to stabilize it. SUMOylation of ELOC at K32 inhibits USP51 binding, while SENP1-mediated deSUMOylation of ELOC promotes USP51 association. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo deubiquitination assay, SUMOylation assay, siRNA knockdown Cell death and differentiation Medium 37816999
2023 Cryo-EM structure of HIV-1 Vif in complex with APOBEC3H, CBF-β, CUL5, ELOB, and ELOC reveals that Vif nucleates the complex by directly binding all four human proteins; ELOB-ELOC serve as adaptor components within this structural assembly. Cryo-EM structure determination, functional mutagenesis Nature communications High 37640699
2025 Cryo-EM structure (3.6 Å) of chimpanzee APOBEC3H-Vif-CBF-β-ELOB-ELOC complex demonstrates that ELOB and ELOC are integral structural components of the CUL5 E3 ligase complex; ubiquitination by this complex occurs specifically at two lysine residues on the Vif-proximal A3H protomer. Cryo-EM structure determination, in vitro ubiquitination assay with site mapping Nature communications High 40593686
2023 A peptide mimicking the BC-box of EPOP (PRC2-associated protein) binds ELOB-ELOC with sub-nanomolar affinity (Kd = 0.46 nM) and blocks ELOB-ELOC association with BC-box-containing interaction partners both in vitro and in cells, inducing apoptosis in cancer cells and perturbing gene expression. In vitro binding assay (fluorescence polarization/ITC), cellular co-immunoprecipitation displacement, viability/apoptosis assays, RNA-seq Cell chemical biology Medium 37354906
2025 Rotavirus NSP1 contains a BC-box motif that mediates interaction with the Elongin BC complex (ELOB-ELOC); CRISPR knockout or siRNA knockdown of TCEB2 (ELOB) substantially prevents NSP1-mediated IRF3 degradation. Elongin BC also stabilizes other viral BC-box-containing innate immune antagonists (pestiviral N proteases, adenovirus E4orf6), functioning not only as ubiquitin ligase adaptor but as a stabilizing factor for viral proteins. CRISPR knockout, siRNA knockdown, recombinant virus BC-box mutagenesis, IRF3 degradation assay, interferon response measurement Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 42234532
2018 JDV Vif recruits ELOB-ELOC (together with CUL2 and RBX1, not CBF-β) via a BC-box motif (T149LQ151) to form an E3 ubiquitin ligase that degrades bovine APOBEC3 proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation, mutagenesis, degradation assays Virology Low 29653302
2016 The C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of Patched1 (Ptc1 ICD7) interacts with components of a CUL2-based E3 ligase complex including TCEB2 (ELOB), TCEB1 (ELOC), ZYG11B, and CUL2, identified by mass spectrometry; CUL2 knockdown abolishes Shh-induced osteoblast differentiation. Mass spectrometry identification, co-immunoprecipitation, CUL2 knockdown Molecular and cellular biochemistry Low 26885983
2015 TCEB2 (ELOB) plays a role in HIF-1α degradation; TCEB2 overexpression promotes HIF-1α degradation and suppresses VEGF-A expression in ovarian cancer cells. TCEB2-overexpressing cells elevate IL-8 as a compensatory angiogenesis signal. Overexpression in xenograft models, gene expression analysis, Western blot Oncology reports Low 26531153
2024 TCEB2 mediates Slit2 K63-linked ubiquitination degradation in TNBC by interacting with NEDD4 (via Co-IP); TCEB2 knockdown reduces TNBC cell growth, migration, invasion, and M2 macrophage polarization, which is rescued by Slit2 knockdown. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitin-based IP assay, siRNA knockdown, in vivo xenograft Translational oncology Medium 41014880
2024 ASB9 assembles a testis-specific CRL complex (TNP2-ASB9-ELOB-ELOC-CUL5-RBX1) that mediates ubiquitin-dependent degradation of TNP2 to facilitate histone-to-protamine transition; ASB9 deficiency in mice causes TNP2 retention and male infertility. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo ubiquitination assay, ASB9 knockout mouse model Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 41915740
2026 ELOB knockout inhibits diffuse midline glioma (DMG) cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in xenograft models; ELOB binding sites are enriched in H3K27M oncohistone-containing genomic regions, and ELOB KO alters H3K27me3/H3K27M incorporation at thousands of loci and disrupts Pol2 transcriptional activity. CRISPR screen and KO, PRO-seq, RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, xenograft models bioRxivpreprint Medium 42239282

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 60 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2011 Vif hijacks CBF-β to degrade APOBEC3G and promote HIV-1 infection. Nature 313 22190037
2004 Phosphorylation of a novel SOCS-box regulates assembly of the HIV-1 Vif-Cul5 complex that promotes APOBEC3G degradation. Genes & development 254 15574592
2022 Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data reveals a pan-cancer stemness signature predicting immunotherapy response. Genome medicine 224 35488273
2014 Structural basis for hijacking CBF-β and CUL5 E3 ligase complex by HIV-1 Vif. Nature 178 24402281
2015 Caloric restriction and intermittent fasting alter hepatic lipid droplet proteome and diacylglycerol species and prevent diabetes in NZO mice. Biochimica et biophysica acta 93 25645620
2010 The SOCS-box of HIV-1 Vif interacts with ElonginBC by induced-folding to recruit its Cul5-containing ubiquitin ligase complex. PLoS pathogens 69 20532212
2007 Targeting SUMO E1 to ubiquitin ligases: a viral strategy to counteract sumoylation. The Journal of biological chemistry 68 17392274
2012 Characterization of the interaction of full-length HIV-1 Vif protein with its key regulator CBFβ and CRL5 E3 ubiquitin ligase components. PloS one 46 22479405
2023 USP51 facilitates colorectal cancer stemness and chemoresistance by forming a positive feed-forward loop with HIF1A. Cell death and differentiation 41 37816999
2020 Polycomb regulation is coupled to cell cycle transition in pluripotent stem cells. Science advances 38 32181346
2020 Structure and dynamics of the ASB9 CUL-RING E3 Ligase. Nature communications 36 32513959
2022 Effects of growth years on ginsenoside biosynthesis of wild ginseng and cultivated ginseng. BMC genomics 32 35461216
2014 Cellular requirements for bovine immunodeficiency virus Vif-mediated inactivation of bovine APOBEC3 proteins. Journal of virology 27 25142583
2021 Tumor-associated antigen Prame targets tumor suppressor p14/ARF for degradation as the  receptor protein of CRL2Prame complex. Cell death and differentiation 25 33504946
2020 The most abundant maternal lncRNA Sirena1 acts post-transcriptionally and impacts mitochondrial distribution. Nucleic acids research 23 31956907
2013 Interactions between HIV-1 Vif and human ElonginB-ElonginC are important for CBF-β binding to Vif. Retrovirology 23 23988114
2012 Core-binding factor β increases the affinity between human Cullin 5 and HIV-1 Vif within an E3 ligase complex. Biochemistry 23 23098073
2021 Emergence of unique SARS-CoV-2 ORF10 variants and their impact on protein structure and function. International journal of biological macromolecules 22 34863825
2018 ANKRD9 is associated with tumor suppression as a substrate receptor subunit of ubiquitin ligase. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease 22 30293565
2014 A proteomic analysis of p53-independent induction of apoptosis by bortezomib in 4T1 breast cancer cell line. Journal of proteomics 21 25305590
2015 Evolutionarily conserved pressure for the existence of distinct G2/M cell cycle arrest and A3H inactivation functions in HIV-1 Vif. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 20 25590520
2024 ASB1 engages with ELOB to facilitate SQOR ubiquitination and H2S homeostasis during spermiogenesis. Redox biology 19 39733518
2023 Structure of the transcribing RNA polymerase II-Elongin complex. Nature structural & molecular biology 18 37932450
2014 Structural analysis of viral infectivity factor of HIV type 1 and its interaction with A3G, EloC and EloB. PloS one 16 24586532
2019 Vif-CBFβ interaction is essential for Vif-induced cell cycle arrest. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 13 30851937
2014 Role of cullin-elonginB-elonginC E3 complex in bovine immunodeficiency virus and maedi-visna virus Vif-mediated degradation of host A3Z2-Z3 proteins. Retrovirology 13 25213124
2008 Proteomic analysis of cervical cancer cells treated with adenovirus-mediated MDA-7. Cancer biology & therapy 13 18299662
2023 Structural basis of HIV-1 Vif-mediated E3 ligase targeting of host APOBEC3H. Nature communications 12 37640699
2015 TCEB2 confers resistance to VEGF-targeted therapy in ovarian cancer. Oncology reports 11 26531153
2023 Peptide-mediated inhibition of the transcriptional regulator Elongin BC induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Cell chemical biology 8 37354906
2013 Insight into the HIV-1 Vif SOCS-box-ElonginBC interaction. Open biology 8 24225024
2024 TCEB2/HIF1A signaling axis promotes chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells by enhancing glycolysis and angiogenesis. European journal of medical research 7 39261917
2018 Identification of a Conserved Interface of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Vifs with Cullin 5. Journal of virology 7 29263270
2016 The C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of hedgehog receptor Patched1 is a platform for E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 7 26885983
2014 Multiple Components of the VHL Tumor Suppressor Complex Are Frequently Affected by DNA Copy Number Loss in Pheochromocytoma. International journal of endocrinology 7 25298778
2014 The assembly of Vif ubiquitin E3 ligase for APOBEC3 degradation. Archives of pharmacal research 7 25408426
2024 Elongin B promotes breast cancer progression by ubiquitinating tumor suppressor p14/ARF. Cell biology and toxicology 6 38653919
2023 The Elongin BC Complex Negatively Regulates AXL and Marks a Differentiated Phenotype in Melanoma. Molecular cancer research : MCR 6 36753617
2022 Revealing the intratumoral heterogeneity of non-DS acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in single-cell resolution. Frontiers in oncology 6 36003795
2018 Jembrana disease virus Vif antagonizes the inhibition of bovine APOBEC3 proteins through ubiquitin-mediate protein degradation. Virology 6 29653302
2024 Enhancing radiosensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer through targeting ELOB. Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) 5 38472737
2024 Investigation of coagulation and proteomics profiles in symptomatic feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and healthy control cats. BMC veterinary research 5 38970022
2024 ZSWIM4 regulates embryonic patterning and BMP signaling by promoting nuclear Smad1 degradation. EMBO reports 4 38177922
2023 TULP4, a novel E3 ligase gene, participates in neuronal migration as a candidate in schizophrenia. CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 4 37650344
2014 Data for a proteomic analysis of p53-independent induction of apoptosis by bortezomib. Data in brief 3 26217687
2010 No evidence for DNA methylation of von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitin ligase complex genes in breast cancer. Breast cancer research and treatment 3 20680678
2025 Identification of novel 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives as ELOC binders with potential to modulate CRL2 complex formation. Scientific reports 2 39881207
2025 Insights into the target-directed miRNA degradation mechanism in Drosophila ovarian cell culture. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms 2 40328417
2025 HIV-1 vif mediates ubiquitination of the proximal protomer in the APOBEC3H dimer to induce degradation. Nature communications 2 40593686
2025 The Drosophila ZER1 homolog interacts with ref(2)P to regulate autophagy and Keap1-cnc/NFE2L2/Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress. Autophagy 1 41115069
2014 Antitumor effect and biological pathways of a recombinant adeno-associated virus as a human renal cell carcinoma suppressor. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 1 25091575
2026 ASB9 promotes ubiquitin-mediated degradation of TNP2 to facilitate histone-to-protamine transition in humans and mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 0 41915740
2026 Structures of ZYG11B-EloB-EloC-substrate complex reveal mechanisms of CRL2ZYG11B assembly and function. Nature communications 0 41917018
2026 Proliferation and Apoptosis Adaptor Protein 15 (PEA15), a Potential Oncogenic Regulator of VHL and HIF1A Identified through Proteomic Analysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer communications (London, England) 0 41958708
2026 Targeting the Elongin BC-BC-Box Interface: Structural Insights, Peptidic Disruptors and Emerging Small-Molecule Strategies. Chemical biology & drug design 0 42070964
2026 A conserved mechanism for stabilization of viral innate immune antagonists via interaction with Elongin BC. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 0 42234532
2026 Elongin B orchestrates chromatin and transcriptional programs in H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 0 42239282
2025 TCEB2 promotes M2 polarization of macrophages in triple negative breast cancer by mediating ubiquitination degradation of Slit2 through recruiting NEDD4. Translational oncology 0 41014880
2024 Selection and characterization of aptamers targeting the Vif-CBFβ-ELOB-ELOC-CUL5 complex. Journal of biochemistry 0 38740386
2021 Identification of recombinant Fabs for structural and functional characterization of HIV-host factor complexes. PloS one 0 33983947

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