Affinage

ELMO1

Engulfment and cell motility protein 1 · UniProt Q92556

Length
727 aa
Mass
83.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 46 papers cited in narrative 45 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ELMO1 is an evolutionarily conserved cytoplasmic scaffold that functions as the obligate regulatory subunit of DOCK-family Rac guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) complexes, coupling diverse extracellular signals to Rac1-dependent actin cytoskeletal remodeling during phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, directed cell migration, chemotaxis, vascular morphogenesis, myelination, and bone resorption. ELMO1 binds DOCK1/2/5 through a bipartite interface involving its C-terminal PH domain, an amphipathic helix, and proline-rich motifs; cryo-EM and crystal structures show that ELMO1–DOCK assembly mutually relieves autoinhibition, transitioning from a closed conformation to an open state that exposes the DOCK DHR2 catalytic domain for Rac1 loading, while simultaneously unmasking ELMO1 surfaces for upstream activators RhoG (via ARM-repeat RBD) and BAI-family GPCRs (PMID:22331897, PMID:32651375, PMID:34290093, PMID:38857861). Upstream signals including Gαi2, Gβγ, Netrin-1/Unc5B, CXCL12, and the adaptor FE65 promote ELMO1 membrane translocation and relieve its intramolecular autoinhibition; tyrosine phosphorylation by Hck/Src (notably Y511 and Y724) and acetylation at K505 by p300 modulate ELMO1–DOCK interaction and Rac1 activation output (PMID:15952790, PMID:26205662, PMID:23591873, PMID:29615491, PMID:38750717). ELMO1 also stabilizes DOCK proteins by shielding them from ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation, as demonstrated by the ~4-fold decrease in DOCK2 protein in Elmo1-knockout T cells (PMID:16495483, PMID:24821968).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 18 steps
  1. 2001 High

    The fundamental question of how the conserved engulfment gene CED-12 signals was answered: ELMO1/CED-12 binds DOCK180/CED-5 to form a bipartite Rac GEF complex essential for apoptotic cell clearance and cell migration, establishing ELMO1 as a non-catalytic activator of Rac signaling.

    Evidence Pulldown/Co-IP, phagocytosis assays in mammalian cells, genetic epistasis in C. elegans; domain mapping with yeast two-hybrid

    PMID:11595183 PMID:11703939 PMID:11703940

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of ELMO1–DOCK180 interaction unknown
    • How ELMO1 enhances GEF activity vs. merely scaffolding was unclear
    • Upstream activating signals not identified
  2. 2002 High

    The question of how ELMO1 is post-translationally regulated was first addressed: the Src-family kinase Hck directly binds and tyrosine-phosphorylates ELMO1, identifying it as a kinase substrate in monocytes.

    Evidence Mass spectrometry pulldown from U937 monocytes; in vitro direct binding; Co-IP and anti-phosphotyrosine blotting

    PMID:12029088

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific phosphorylation sites not yet mapped
    • Functional consequence of phosphorylation on Rac activation unknown
  3. 2003 High

    The question of whether ELMO1 partners with DOCK family members beyond DOCK180 was resolved: DOCK2 requires ELMO1 binding through its SH3 domain for Rac activation in T cells, broadening the ELMO1–DOCK paradigm to hematopoietic-specific DOCK proteins.

    Evidence Co-IP; Rac activation assay; functional rescue in DOCK2-expressing cells

    PMID:12829596

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contributions of ELMO1 vs. ELMO2 to DOCK2 function unknown
    • In vivo validation in lymphocytes pending
  4. 2004 High

    A critical gap in how upstream GTPase signals reach the ELMO1–DOCK complex was filled: ELMO1 ARM repeats directly bind activated RhoG, linking the TRIO→RhoG pathway to ELMO1/DOCK180-dependent Rac activation during phagocytosis.

    Evidence Domain identification; direct binding assay of ELMO1 ARM repeats with activated RhoG; C. elegans epistasis

    PMID:15620647

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural details of RhoG–ELMO1 interaction unresolved
    • Whether RhoG binding induces conformational change in ELMO1 unknown
  5. 2005 High

    Specific Hck phosphorylation sites on ELMO1 were mapped and shown to be functionally required: Y511 is critical for Rac activation, phagocytosis, and migration, establishing phosphoregulation as a key activating mechanism.

    Evidence Mass spectrometry site identification; site-directed mutagenesis; phagocytosis, migration, and Rac activation assays

    PMID:15952790

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether other kinases phosphorylate the same sites unknown
    • Structural mechanism by which phosphorylation enhances Rac activation unclear
  6. 2006 High

    Beyond catalytic activation, ELMO1 was shown to stabilize DOCK180 protein by protecting it from ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation at the plasma membrane, revealing a non-enzymatic scaffolding function.

    Evidence In vivo ubiquitylation assay; proteasome inhibitor rescue; membrane fractionation

    PMID:16495483

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the E3 ligase targeting DOCK180 unknown
    • Whether ELMO1 binding masks specific ubiquitylation sites unresolved
  7. 2008 High

    The first crystal structure of the ELMO1 PH domain revealed it resembles a FERM domain and cannot bind phospholipids, and defined a bipartite ELMO1–DOCK180 interface (PH domain + amphipathic helix plus SH3–Pro-rich contacts), resolving why disruption of a single interface is insufficient to block signaling.

    Evidence Crystal structure; biochemical mapping; mutagenesis of hydrophobic helix; Rac signaling assays

    PMID:18768751

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length ELMO1–DOCK180 complex structure not available
    • Autoinhibition mechanism not yet visualized
  8. 2010 High

    In vivo loss-of-function established ELMO1's physiological requirement: ELMO1-knockout mice show defective Sertoli cell phagocytosis of apoptotic germ cells and reduced spermatogenesis, functioning downstream of the BAI1 receptor.

    Evidence ELMO1-knockout mouse; histology; in vitro engulfment; genetic epistasis with BAI1 and RAC1

    PMID:20844538

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ELMO2 compensates in other tissues not addressed
    • Direct BAI1–ELMO1 binding interface uncharacterized
  9. 2012 High

    The structural basis for mutual autoinhibition relief was revealed: a 2.1-Å crystal structure of the DOCK2–ELMO1 complex showed an intermolecular five-helix bundle that buries ELMO1 autoinhibitory residues and weakens DOCK2 intramolecular autoinhibition, explaining how complex formation activates GEF activity.

    Evidence Crystal structure at 2.1-Å resolution; mutagenesis; biochemical autoinhibition assays

    PMID:22331897

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length complex architecture still unresolved
    • How upstream signals trigger the transition from closed to open state unknown
  10. 2013 High

    GPCR-to-ELMO1 signal transduction was elucidated: CXCL12 stimulation promotes Gαi2 binding to ELMO1, driving its membrane translocation and Dock180-dependent Rac activation for chemotaxis and metastatic invasion.

    Evidence Co-IP of Gαi2–ELMO1 after CXCL12 stimulation; membrane fractionation; Rac activation; in vivo metastasis assays

    PMID:23591873

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether Gαi2 binds ELMO1 directly or via an adaptor not fully resolved
    • Gβγ contribution examined separately
  11. 2014 High

    In vivo specificity between ELMO paralogs was established: Elmo1 (not Elmo2) constitutively associates with Dock2 in primary T cells and is essential for CCR7/CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis; Elmo1 knockout causes ~4-fold reduction in Dock2 protein via enhanced polyubiquitylation.

    Evidence Co-IP from primary T cells; Elmo1−/− mice; chemotaxis assays; Rac activation; ubiquitylation assay; proteasome inhibitor rescue

    PMID:24821968

    Open questions at the time
    • How ELMO1 vs. ELMO2 specificity for DOCK2 is determined structurally unknown
    • Whether ELMO1 loss affects all DOCK2-dependent processes equally untested
  12. 2015 High

    A second activating phosphorylation site was identified: Src phosphorylation of ELMO1 at Y724 is essential for Rac1 activation, cell spreading, and migration, independent of DOCK180 binding, expanding the phosphoregulatory repertoire.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assay; Y724F mutagenesis; Rac1 activation; cell spreading and migration assays

    PMID:26205662

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which Y724 phosphorylation enhances Rac1 activation without affecting DOCK180 binding unknown
    • Whether Y724 creates a specific docking site unresolved
  13. 2017 High

    ELMO1's role was extended beyond classical phagocytosis to LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) and innate bacterial defense: ELMO1 promotes Salmonella internalization, LC3-associated phagosome maturation, and lysosomal acidification in macrophages.

    Evidence siRNA depletion; LC3B assay; ATG5/ULK1 epistasis distinguishing LAP from canonical autophagy; cathepsin B assay; Elmo1-knockout mice

    PMID:26878033 PMID:29029244

    Open questions at the time
    • How ELMO1 specifically promotes LC3 recruitment to phagosomes mechanistically unclear
    • Whether ELMO1's LAP role is DOCK-dependent not fully tested
  14. 2018 High

    A neuronal-specific activation mechanism was uncovered: the adaptor FE65 binds ELMO1's N-terminus, relieves its intramolecular autoinhibition, and promotes plasma membrane targeting, activating Rac1-dependent neurite outgrowth.

    Evidence Co-IP; autoinhibition assay; membrane fractionation; Rac1 activation; neurite outgrowth with knockdown and rescue

    PMID:29615491

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether FE65 activation of ELMO1 is independent of RhoG binding unknown
    • Relevance in vivo for neuronal development not demonstrated
  15. 2019 High

    ELMO1's in vivo scope expanded to inflammatory disease: Elmo1-deficient mice show reduced neutrophil recruitment and joint inflammation in arthritis, and ELMO1 associates with neutrophil-specific receptors.

    Evidence Elmo1-knockout mice in acute and chronic arthritis models; neutrophil migration assays; human donor validation

    PMID:30643265

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific neutrophil receptors interacting with ELMO1 not fully identified
    • Whether ELMO1 signals through DOCK proteins in neutrophils or via alternative pathways not resolved
  16. 2020 High

    The long-sought full-length structures of the ELMO1–DOCK2 complex were determined by cryo-EM, revealing a closed autoinhibited binary complex and an open ternary complex with Rac1, showing that ELMO1 conformational change exposes both the DOCK2 catalytic site and upstream binding surfaces for RhoG and BAI GPCRs.

    Evidence Cryo-EM of DOCK2–ELMO1 (closed) and DOCK2–ELMO1–RAC1 (open); crystal structure of RhoG–ELMO2-RBD; mutagenesis

    PMID:32651375

    Open questions at the time
    • Trigger for closed-to-open transition in cells not identified
    • Whether phosphorylation alone is sufficient for activation unclear
  17. 2021 High

    Cryo-EM of ELMO1–DOCK5–Rac1 demonstrated that the ELMO1 PH domain directly contacts nucleotide-free Rac1 and enhances GEF activity, revealing ELMO1 as more than a passive scaffold — it actively participates in substrate recognition.

    Evidence Cryo-EM at 3.8-Å resolution; mutagenesis; GEF activity assays

    PMID:34290093

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PH domain–Rac1 contact is conserved across all DOCK family members unknown
    • Kinetic contribution of ELMO1 PH domain to GEF catalysis not quantified
  18. 2024 High

    The allosteric activation mechanism was completed: cryo-EM structures of DOCK5–ELMO1 with and without RhoG and Rac1 showed that RhoG binding to both ELMO1 and DOCK5 drives the closed-to-open transition, and acetylation at K505 by p300/SIRT2 modulates ELMO1–DOCK interaction and Rac1 output.

    Evidence Cryo-EM; SPR; GEF assays for RhoG activation; MS identification of K505 acetylation; p300/SIRT2 writer/eraser assignment; mutagenesis

    PMID:38750717 PMID:38857861

    Open questions at the time
    • How acetylation and phosphorylation are coordinated in vivo unknown
    • Tissue-specific regulation of K505 acetylation not explored

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key open questions include: the identity of the E3 ubiquitin ligase(s) targeting DOCK proteins that ELMO1 protects against; the structural basis for ELMO1's role in LC3-associated phagocytosis independent of canonical autophagy; whether ELMO1 functions through DOCK-independent mechanisms (e.g., COX-2, NOD2 interactions) in specific physiological contexts; and how ELMO1 vs. ELMO2 paralog specificity is determined across tissues.
  • E3 ligase for DOCK degradation unidentified
  • Structural mechanism of ELMO1 in LAP unknown
  • Physiological relevance of DOCK-independent interactions (COX-2, NOD2, Med31) not validated in vivo
  • Basis for ELMO1/ELMO2 paralog specificity unresolved

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 7 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 5
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 5 GO:0005829 cytosol 3 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 5 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 5 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 4 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3
Partners
ADGRB1DOCK1DOCK2DOCK5FE65HCKRAC1RHOG
Complex memberships
ELMO1-DOCK180 (DOCK1)ELMO1-DOCK2ELMO1-DOCK5

Evidence

Reading pass · 45 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2001 CED-12/ELMO1 binds directly to CED-5/Dock180, and this evolutionarily conserved complex stimulates Rac GEF activity, leading to Rac1 activation and cytoskeletal rearrangements required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell migration. Direct binding demonstrated by pulldown/Co-IP; functional cooperation shown by phagocytosis and cell shape change assays in mammalian cells; genetic epistasis in C. elegans Cell High 11595183
2001 CED-12/ELMO1 contains a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and an SH3-binding motif, both required for function; CED-12 physically interacts with CED-5 (Dock180) via the CED-5 SH3 domain, and the complex acts upstream of CED-10/Rac1 to regulate Rho/Rac GTPase-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization. Yeast two-hybrid and Co-IP for interaction; domain deletion/mutation analysis; epistasis in C. elegans; expression in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts to induce actin filament bundles Developmental cell High 11703939 11703940
2003 ELMO1 forms a bipartite Rac1 GEF complex with Dock180, and specific regions of each protein are required for complex formation and Rac activation during cell migration; the N-terminal 330 amino acids of ELMO1 are required for localization to lamellipodia and migration but not for Rac activation per se, indicating that proper subcellular localization of the complex is critical. Transwell migration assay with ELMO1/Dock180 deletion mutants; C. elegans transgenic rescue; Co-IP; Rac activation assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 14638695
2003 The phosphatidylserine receptor PSR-1 (C. elegans) acts upstream of CED-2/CED-5/CED-12(ELMO) pathway in apoptotic cell engulfment, directly interacting with CED-5 and CED-12, linking extracellular PS recognition to intracellular Rac signaling. In vitro PS binding assay; genetic epistasis in C. elegans; Co-IP of PSR-1 with CED-5 and CED-12 Science (New York, N.Y.) High 14645848
2003 DOCK2 associates with ELMO1 through its SH3 domain; this association is required for DOCK2-mediated Rac activation and actin polymerization in T cells, as a DOCK2 mutant lacking the ELMO1-binding region fails to activate Rac. Co-IP; Rac activation assay; functional rescue with ELMO1 expression in DOCK2-expressing but ELMO1-deficient plasmacytoma cells Blood High 12829596
2004 ELMO/CED-12 contains evolutionarily conserved Armadillo (ARM) repeats that mediate direct interaction with activated RhoG/MIG-2; this links the upstream TRIO/UNC-73 → RhoG/MIG-2 signaling module to ELMO-Dock180-dependent Rac activation during phagocytosis. Domain identification by sequence analysis; direct binding assay of ELMO ARM repeats with activated RhoG; genetic epistasis in C. elegans; Rac activation assays Current biology : CB High 15620647
2004 HIV-1 Nef binds the DOCK2-ELMO1 complex in T cells, activating Rac, inhibiting lymphocyte chemotaxis, and promoting T cell activation in the absence of antigenic stimuli. Proteomic purification of Nef-associated complex from T cells; mass spectrometry identification of DOCK2-ELMO1-Rac complex; Rac activation assays; chemotaxis assays PLoS biology High 14737186
2002 ELMO1 interacts directly with the SH3 domain of the Src-family kinase Hck via a polyproline motif, and is heavily tyrosine-phosphorylated by Hck in intact cells, suggesting it is an Hck substrate. Mass spectrometry pulldown from U937 monocytes; in vitro direct binding with purified proteins; co-immunoprecipitation in intact cells; phosphorylation detected by anti-phosphotyrosine immunoblot The Journal of biological chemistry High 12029088
2005 Hck phosphorylates ELMO1 at Tyr18, Tyr216, Tyr395, Tyr511, and Tyr720; mutants lacking these sites are defective in promoting phagocytosis and cell migration, with Tyr511 being particularly important; phospho-ELMO1 mutants retain Dock180 and Crk binding but show reduced Rac activation. Mass spectrometry identification of phosphorylation sites; site-directed mutagenesis; phagocytosis and migration assays; Rac activation assays; Co-IP Biochemistry High 15952790
2006 ELMO1 inhibits ubiquitylation of Dock180, preventing its proteasomal degradation; Dock180 is ubiquitylated on the plasma membrane and ELMO1 binding protects it from this modification, thereby increasing Dock180 protein levels and local Rac activation. In vivo ubiquitylation assay; proteasome inhibitor treatment; immunofluorescence; co-expression studies; membrane fractionation Journal of cell science High 16495483
2005 ELMO1 directly binds ERM proteins (e.g., radixin) via its N-terminal 280 amino acids; ELMO1 can simultaneously bind both radixin and Dock180; ELMO1-ERM binding is independent of radixin C-terminal phosphorylation state; a trimeric complex of active RhoG-ELMO1-radixin can be detected and they colocalize at the plasma membrane. In vitro pulldown with purified recombinant proteins; endogenous Co-IP; domain mapping; colocalization by immunofluorescence The Journal of biological chemistry High 16377631
2007 Drosophila ELMO/CED-12 forms a complex with Myoblast city (MBC, the Dock180 homolog) via the MBC SH3 domain; the complex is present in embryonic musculature during myoblast fusion; loss of ELMO causes myoblast fusion defects; overexpression of MBC and ELMO together causes fusion and ommatidial defects suppressed by Rac1/Rac2 mutations, genetically confirming that MBC-ELMO activates Rac GTPases. Yeast two-hybrid; mass spectrometry confirmation of endogenous MBC/ELMO complex; genetic loss-of-function and overexpression; suppressor genetics with Rac1/Rac2 mutants Developmental biology High 18163987
2008 The ELMO1-Dock180 interaction is mediated by two interfaces: the C-terminal ~200 aa of ELMO1 (including the PH domain plus an N-terminal amphipathic alpha-helix) binding to the N-terminal 200 aa of Dock180, and a secondary interaction between the Dock180 SH3 domain and C-terminal proline-rich motifs of ELMO1. The ELMO1 PH domain structurally resembles FERM domains and cannot bind phospholipids. Disruption of both interfaces is needed to abrogate Rac signaling in vivo, although Dock180 GEF catalytic activity is retained. Crystal structure of ELMO1 PH domain; biochemical mapping of interaction interfaces; site-directed mutagenesis of hydrophobic helix residues; Rac signaling assays Molecular biology of the cell High 18768751
2010 ELMO1 functions downstream of the phagocytic receptor BAI1 and upstream of RAC1 in Sertoli-cell-mediated phagocytic clearance of apoptotic germ cells in the testis; ELMO1-deficient mice show disrupted seminiferous epithelium, uncleared apoptotic germ cells, and decreased sperm output. ELMO1-knockout mouse generation; histological analysis; in vitro engulfment assays; genetic epistasis with BAI1 and RAC1 Nature High 20844538
2010 Netrin-1 and its receptor Unc5B act as upstream activators of the ELMO1/DOCK180 complex in endothelial cells, regulating ELMO1/DOCK180 functional interaction and Rac1 activation to drive vascular morphogenesis in zebrafish. Morpholino knockdown in zebrafish; transgenic vascular imaging; epistasis between Netrin-1/Unc5B and ELMO1/DOCK180; Rac1 activation assay Circulation research High 20466982
2012 The crystal structure of the DOCK2-ELMO1 interaction complex at 2.1 Å resolution reveals that the ELMO1 C-terminal Pro-rich tail winds around the DOCK2 SH3 domain, forming an intermolecular five-helix bundle. DOCK2 and ELMO1 mutually relieve each other's autoinhibitory states upon complex formation: DOCK2-ELMO1 assembly weakens the intramolecular autoinhibitory interaction within DOCK2 (DHR2-N-terminal region), and ELMO1 autoinhibitory residues are buried in the hydrophobic core of the helix bundle. Crystal structure determination (2.1-Å resolution); mutagenesis; biochemical autoinhibition assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 22331897
2012 Elmo1 is required for directed macrophage engulfment of apoptotic cells in living zebrafish brain; in elmo1-deficient macrophages, directed engulfment is rare and may be replaced by macropinocytosis. Real-time live imaging in zebrafish; elmo1 morpholino knockdown; tracking of apoptotic cells Current biology : CB High 22503503
2012 ELMO1 binds the Mediator complex subunit Med31; during Salmonella infection in macrophages, ELMO1 increases the cytoplasmic localization of Med31 and enhances Med31 monoubiquitination, specifically affecting expression of cytokine genes Il10 and Il33. Co-IP; subcellular fractionation; ubiquitination assay; cytokine gene expression analysis in primary macrophages Current biology : CB Medium 23273896
2013 CXCL12 stimulation promotes interaction between Gαi2 and ELMO1; Gi signaling and ELMO1 are both required for CXCL12-mediated actin polymerization and migration; CXCL12 triggers a Gαi2-dependent membrane translocation of ELMO1, which then associates with Dock180 to activate Rac1 and Rac2 for breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Co-IP of Gαi2-ELMO1 after CXCL12 stimulation; siRNA knockdown; Rac activation assays; membrane translocation by fractionation; in vivo metastasis assays Nature communications High 23591873
2014 Elmo1, but not Elmo2, constitutively interacts with Dock2 in primary T lymphocytes and is essential for Dock2-dependent CCR7/CXCR4-mediated Rac activation and T cell chemotaxis; Elmo1 protects Dock2 from polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation, as Dock2 levels drop ~4-fold in Elmo1−/− T cells and are partially rescued by proteasome inhibitors. Co-IP from primary T cells; Elmo1 knockout mice; chemotaxis assays; Rac activation assay; ubiquitination assay; rescue with Elmo1 mutants Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) High 24821968
2014 Arhgef16 interacts with Elmo1 in mammalian cells and promotes engulfment of apoptotic cells synergistically with Elmo1 in a RhoG-dependent, Dock1-independent manner. Yeast two-hybrid screen with Elmo1 as bait; co-immunoprecipitation; engulfment assays with Elmo1 depletion Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 25063526
2011 The phosphoinositide phosphatase MTM-1 acts upstream of the CED-2/CED-5/CED-12 ternary GEF complex in C. elegans apoptotic cell clearance; the CED-12 PH domain binds PtdIns(3,5)P2 (a MTM-1 substrate), suggesting MTM-1 regulates CED-12/ELMO1 recruitment to the plasma membrane. Epistasis analysis in C. elegans; lipid-binding assay of CED-12 PH domain Development (Cambridge, England) Medium 21490059
2011 The RhoG/ELMO1/Dock180 signaling module is required for dendritic spine morphogenesis in hippocampal neurons; Dock180 depletion inhibits spine formation, overexpression promotes it; ELMO1 cooperates with Dock180 through Rac activation; RhoG acts upstream of the ELMO1/Dock180 complex in this context. RNAi screen of 70 rat Rho GEFs in cultured hippocampal neurons; overexpression and knockdown of Dock180, ELMO1, and RhoG; spine morphology quantification The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 21900250
2015 Src phosphorylates ELMO1 at Tyr724 (and Tyr720); Y724F mutation abolishes Src-triggered Rac1 activation and impairs cell spreading on fibronectin and cell migration, without affecting Dock180 binding; Fyn also phosphorylates ELMO1 in vivo. In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation assays; site-directed mutagenesis; Rac1 activation assay; cell spreading and migration assays in stable NIH3T3 lines Cell communication and signaling : CCS High 26205662
2016 ELMO1 directly interacts with Gβγ subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins via the ELMO1 N-terminus; chemoattractant GPCR activation promotes Gβγ-ELMO1 interaction, which is required for membrane translocation of ELMO1 and subsequent Rac1 activation during chemotaxis. Co-IP of ELMO1 with Gβγ after chemoattractant stimulation; domain mapping; membrane translocation assays; Rac1 activation assay; chemotaxis assay with siRNA knockdown Journal of Cancer Medium 27313788
2015 ELMO1/Dock180 protect endothelial cells from apoptosis by activating the Rac1/PAK/AKT signaling cascade; overexpression reduces caspase-3/7 activity and promotes blood vessel formation in zebrafish embryos. Overexpression in human ECs; caspase-3/7 activity assay; annexin V staining; zebrafish overexpression with apoptosis quantification; Rac1/PAK/AKT pathway activation assays The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 25586182
2018 FE65 neuronal adaptor interacts with ELMO1 via its N-terminal region, relieves ELMO1 intramolecular autoinhibitory interaction, and promotes targeting of ELMO1 to the plasma membrane, thereby activating Rac1-mediated neurite outgrowth; FE65, ELMO1, and DOCK180 form a tripartite complex. Co-IP; domain mapping; ELMO1 autoinhibition assay; plasma membrane localization by fractionation; Rac1 activation assay; neurite outgrowth assay with knockdown and rescue The Journal of biological chemistry High 29615491
2010 ELMO1 interacts with COX-2 in human mesangial cells; this interaction increases COX-2 cyclooxygenase activity and, consequently, fibronectin promoter activity and fibronectin expression, independent of Rac1 signaling. Co-IP; COX-2 cyclooxygenase activity assay; fibronectin promoter reporter assay; dominant-negative ELMO1 (lacking Rac1 activity) retains COX-2 interaction and fibronectin upregulation Cellular signalling Medium 20732417
2019 ELMO1 has a noncanonical role in neutrophils: it associates with neutrophil-specific receptors, regulates neutrophil activation, and promotes early neutrophil recruitment to joints in arthritis models; Elmo1-deficient mice show reduced joint inflammation in arthritis without general suppression of inflammatory responses. Elmo1-knockout mice in acute and chronic arthritis models; cell biology studies of ELMO1 association with neutrophil receptors; migration assays with human donor neutrophils Nature immunology High 30643265
2020 The cryo-EM structures of DOCK2-ELMO1 alone (closed/autoinhibited) and as a ternary complex with RAC1 (open/active), plus the crystal structure of RHOG-ELMO2-RBD, reveal that the binary complex adopts a closed autoinhibited conformation; transition to an active open state involves conformational change of the ELMO1 subunit that exposes RAC1-binding sites on DOCK2-DHR2 and binding sites for RHOG and BAI GPCRs on ELMO1. DOCK2/ELMO1 phosphorylation destabilizes the autoinhibited state. Cryo-EM structure of DOCK2-ELMO1 and DOCK2-ELMO1-RAC1; crystal structure of RHOG-ELMO2-RBD; mutagenesis Nature communications High 32651375
2021 Cryo-EM structure of the active ELMO1-DOCK5 complex bound to Rac1 at 3.8-Å resolution shows that the C-terminal region of ELMO1 including the PH domain aids DOCK5-DHR2 binding to nucleotide-free Rac1; a complex α-helical scaffold between ELMO1 and DOCK5 stabilizes Rac1 binding. Mutagenesis confirms the ELMO1 PH domain enhances GEF activity of DOCK5 through specific Rac1 interactions. Cryo-EM structure determination; mutagenesis; GEF activity assays Science advances High 34290093
2021 ELMO1 functions as a signaling hub in osteoclasts; ELMO1 deletion reduces bone loss in four in vivo models; ELMO1 contributes to osteoclast sealing zone formation and distribution of osteoclast-specific proteases (cathepsin G, myeloperoxidase identified by transcriptomics/CRISPR); the ELMO1 interactome in osteoclasts (defined by proteomics) includes proteins required for bone degradation; a 3D structure-based ELMO1 inhibitory peptide reduces bone resorption. ELMO1 knockout mice in four bone-loss models; CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of Elmo1-associated genes; proteomics of ELMO1 interactome; osteoclast sealing zone imaging; inhibitory peptide functional assay Nature communications High 34404802
2017 ELMO1 is required for macrophage internalization of Salmonella Typhimurium via Rac1 activation; ELMO1-dependent internalization is essential for TNF-α and MCP-1 production and activation of NF-κB, ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinases; ELMO1-deficient mice show 90% reduction in bacterial burden. siRNA knockdown of ELMO1 in macrophages; Rac1 pulldown assay; cytokine array; NF-κB/ERK/p38 activation by immunoblot; ELMO1 knockout mice infected with Salmonella Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology High 26878033
2017 ELMO1 regulates LC3-associated phagocytosis (not canonical ULK1-dependent autophagy) after Salmonella infection; ELMO1 is present in intracellular vesicles/phagosomes and is required for lysosomal acidification and cathepsin B activity for bacterial clearance. siRNA depletion; LC3B accumulation assay; ATG5/ULK1 co-depletion epistasis; lysosomal pH measurement; cathepsin B activity assay; bacterial survival assay The Journal of infectious diseases High 29029244
2017 Elmo1 intermolecular interaction with Ephexin4: Elmo1 associates with both the SH3 domain and the N20 region of Ephexin4, competing with the Ephexin4 SH3 domain for the N20 region, thereby relieving autoinhibitory steric hindrance and promoting RhoG access to Ephexin4 for RhoG activation and apoptotic cell engulfment. Domain binding assays; Co-IP; RhoG activation assays; engulfment assays Scientific reports Medium 28667327
2019 ELMO1 negatively regulates GPVI-mediated platelet activation and thrombus formation; ELMO1-deficient platelets show enhanced Rac-independent, RhoG-dependent signaling downstream of GPVI; ELMO1 interacts with active RhoG in platelets (identified as a PIP3-interacting protein by proteomics). Proteomics screen for PIP3-binding proteins; ELMO1−/− mice; platelet aggregation, granule secretion, integrin activation, and spreading assays; in vivo thrombosis models; RhoG activity assay Blood advances High 30787021
2014 Nck-1 interacts with ELMO1 via its SH2 domain binding to phosphotyrosines at positions 18, 216, 395, and 511 of ELMO1; this interaction promotes ELMO1 binding to active RhoG and enhances Rac1 activation and cell motility. GST pulldown; Co-IP; SH2 domain mutant (R308K) and ELMO1 phosphotyrosine mutant (4YF); Rac1 activation assay; cell motility assay The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 24928514
2020 FE65 potentiates ARF6-Rac1 signaling by linking ARF6 to ELMO1; FE65 promotes ELMO1 trafficking via the endosomal recycling pathway to the plasma membrane; knockout of FE65 decreases ELMO1 in recycling endosomes and attenuates ELMO1/DOCK180-mediated Rac1 activation and neurite outgrowth. Co-IP; FE65-binding-defective mutants; siRNA; subcellular fractionation; Rac1 activation assay; neurite outgrowth assay FASEB journal Medium 33047393
2019 Elmo1 regulates peripheral neuronal numbers and Schwann cell myelination in zebrafish PLL system through Rac1 activation; cell-autonomous expression of Elmo1 and Rac1 in Schwann cells rescues myelination defects in elmo1 mutants. Zebrafish elmo1 mutant; Rac1 activation rescue; macrophage inhibition; Schwann cell-specific rescue experiment; myelination imaging Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS High 31161284
2021 TNF-α leads to increased ELMO1 expression in mesenchymal stem cells via METTL14-dependent m6A modification of the ELMO1 3'UTR, promoting directional migration of AS-MSC; inhibiting ELMO1 reduces spondyloarthritis pathology in SKG mice. m6A modification assay; METTL14 knockdown; in vitro and in vivo migration assays; ELMO1 expression in AS patient samples; SKG mouse therapeutic inhibition Nature communications High 34508078
2024 Cryo-EM structures of DOCK5/ELMO1 alone (closed, autoinhibited) and in complex with RhoG and Rac1 (open, active) reveal that RhoG binds both ELMO1 and DOCK5 in the open state, facilitating a closed-to-open conformational change; SPR and biochemical assays confirm RhoG enhances DOCK5/ELMO1 GEF activity and increases Rac1 binding affinity; RhoG and DOCK5 membrane-targeting sequences may enable simultaneous plasma membrane binding. Cryo-EM structure determination; SPR binding assays; GEF activity assays; structural comparison of apo vs. RhoG-bound states The Journal of biological chemistry High 38857861
2023 ELMO1 RBD structure was determined alone and in complex with RhoG; a computationally designed nanobody (Nb29) blocks the ELMO1-RBD/RhoG interaction, providing structural validation that ELMO1-RBD is targetable. Crystal/cryo structure of ELMO1-RBD; computational nanobody design; SPR binding assays; mutagenesis; inhibition of ELMO1-RBD/RhoG interaction by Nb29 Communications biology High 36932164
2024 ELMO1 K505 is acetylated by p300 (acetyltransferase) and deacetylated by SIRT2; K505 acetylation does not affect ELMO1 localization or stability but mediates the ELMO1-Dock180 interaction, thereby influencing Rac1 activation and colorectal cancer cell behavior. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry identification of K505 acetylation; p300 and SIRT2 identified as writer/eraser; mutagenesis; Rac1 activation assay; Co-IP of ELMO1-Dock180 Experimental cell research Medium 38750717
2016 Loss of TGFβ receptor II (Tgfbr2) de-represses ELMO1 expression in cancer stem cells; restoration of Tgfbr2 blocks ELMO1 expression in vivo; knockdown of Elmo1 impairs metastasis to the lung in a mouse squamous cell carcinoma model, identifying ELMO1 as a target of TGFβ signaling. Mouse model of Tgfbr2-deficient squamous carcinoma; Tgfbr2 restoration experiment; Elmo1 knockdown; in vivo lung metastasis assay eLife Medium 28219480
2023 ELMO1 interacts with NOD2; overexpression of ELMO1 with mutant NOD2 (L1007fs, Crohn's disease-associated) fails to clear adherent invasive E. coli; depletion of both ELMO1 and NOD2 impairs bacterial clearance and pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages. Co-IP; ELMO1/NOD2 KO enteroid-derived monolayers; macrophage depletion experiments; bacterial load and cytokine/ROS assays Virulence Medium 36694274

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2001 CED-12/ELMO, a novel member of the CrkII/Dock180/Rac pathway, is required for phagocytosis and cell migration. Cell 470 11595183
2003 Dock180 and ELMO1 proteins cooperate to promote evolutionarily conserved Rac-dependent cell migration. The Journal of biological chemistry 194 14638695
2004 Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is regulated by a UNC-73/TRIO-MIG-2/RhoG signaling module and armadillo repeats of CED-12/ELMO. Current biology : CB 168 15620647
2003 Cell corpse engulfment mediated by C. elegans phosphatidylserine receptor through CED-5 and CED-12. Science (New York, N.Y.) 164 14645848
2005 Genetic variations in the gene encoding ELMO1 are associated with susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes 162 15793258
2010 Unexpected requirement for ELMO1 in clearance of apoptotic germ cells in vivo. Nature 146 20844538
2001 The C. elegans PH domain protein CED-12 regulates cytoskeletal reorganization via a Rho/Rac GTPase signaling pathway. Developmental cell 141 11703939
2001 C. elegans CED-12 acts in the conserved crkII/DOCK180/Rac pathway to control cell migration and cell corpse engulfment. Developmental cell 136 11703940
2007 ELMO1 and Dock180, a bipartite Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, promote human glioma cell invasion. Cancer research 116 17671188
2013 Association between Gαi2 and ELMO1/Dock180 connects chemokine signalling with Rac activation and metastasis. Nature communications 111 23591873
2004 HIV-1 Nef binds the DOCK2-ELMO1 complex to activate rac and inhibit lymphocyte chemotaxis. PLoS biology 105 14737186
2021 TNF-α-mediated m6A modification of ELMO1 triggers directional migration of mesenchymal stem cell in ankylosing spondylitis. Nature communications 98 34508078
2003 DOCK2 regulates Rac activation and cytoskeletal reorganization through interaction with ELMO1. Blood 94 12829596
2009 Confirmation of genetic associations at ELMO1 in the GoKinD collection supports its role as a susceptibility gene in diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes 86 19651817
2008 An alpha-helical extension of the ELMO1 pleckstrin homology domain mediates direct interaction to DOCK180 and is critical in Rac signaling. Molecular biology of the cell 83 18768751
2009 Variants in intron 13 of the ELMO1 gene are associated with diabetic nephropathy in African Americans. Annals of human genetics 77 19183347
2007 Drosophila ELMO/CED-12 interacts with Myoblast city to direct myoblast fusion and ommatidial organization. Developmental biology 72 18163987
2012 Structural basis for mutual relief of the Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor DOCK2 and its partner ELMO1 from their autoinhibited forms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 67 22331897
2002 Identification of novel SH3 domain ligands for the Src family kinase Hck. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP), WASP-interacting protein (WIP), and ELMO1. The Journal of biological chemistry 66 12029088
2012 Apoptotic cells are cleared by directional migration and elmo1- dependent macrophage engulfment. Current biology : CB 63 22503503
2010 The Rac1 regulator ELMO1 controls vascular morphogenesis in zebrafish. Circulation research 60 20466982
2015 Autocrine IL-8 promotes F-actin polymerization and mediate mesenchymal transition via ELMO1-NF-κB-Snail signaling in glioma. Cancer biology & therapy 59 25870011
2020 Structure of the DOCK2-ELMO1 complex provides insights into regulation of the auto-inhibited state. Nature communications 48 32651375
2016 CC chemokine ligand 18(CCL18) promotes migration and invasion of lung cancer cells by binding to Nir1 through Nir1-ELMO1/DOC180 signaling pathway. Molecular carcinogenesis 45 26756176
2011 The RhoG/ELMO1/Dock180 signaling module is required for spine morphogenesis in hippocampal neurons. The Journal of biological chemistry 44 21900250
2006 ELMO1 increases expression of extracellular matrix proteins and inhibits cell adhesion to ECMs. Kidney international 44 17021600
2019 A noncanonical role for the engulfment gene ELMO1 in neutrophils that promotes inflammatory arthritis. Nature immunology 42 30643265
2014 Essential role of Elmo1 in Dock2-dependent lymphocyte migration. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 42 24821968
2016 High Elmo1 expression aggravates and low Elmo1 expression prevents diabetic nephropathy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 38 26858454
2010 ELMO1 variants and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in American Indians. Molecular genetics and metabolism 36 20826100
2005 Characterization of a novel interaction between ELMO1 and ERM proteins. The Journal of biological chemistry 36 16377631
2006 Elmo1 inhibits ubiquitylation of Dock180. Journal of cell science 34 16495483
2017 Early detection of gastric cancer using global, genome-wide and IRF4, ELMO1, CLIP4 and MSC DNA methylation in endoscopic biopsies. Oncotarget 33 28418867
2017 ELMO1 Regulates Autophagy Induction and Bacterial Clearance During Enteric Infection. The Journal of infectious diseases 32 29029244
2012 Association of ELMO1 gene polymorphisms with diabetic nephropathy in Chinese population. Journal of endocrinological investigation 31 22842811
2016 ELMO1 protects renal structure and ultrafiltration in kidney development and under diabetic conditions. Scientific reports 30 27849017
2011 The phosphoinositide phosphatase MTM-1 regulates apoptotic cell corpse clearance through CED-5-CED-12 in C. elegans. Development (Cambridge, England) 29 21490059
2019 Differential Targeting of c-Maf, Bach-1, and Elmo-1 by microRNA-143 and microRNA-365 Promotes the Intracellular Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Alternatively IL-4/IL-13 Activated Macrophages. Frontiers in immunology 27 30941122
2015 The bipartite rac1 Guanine nucleotide exchange factor engulfment and cell motility 1/dedicator of cytokinesis 180 (elmo1/dock180) protects endothelial cells from apoptosis in blood vessel development. The Journal of biological chemistry 27 25586182
2015 ELMO1 has an essential role in the internalization of Salmonella Typhimurium into enteric macrophages that impacts disease outcome. Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology 27 26878033
2014 Arhgef16, a novel Elmo1 binding partner, promotes clearance of apoptotic cells via RhoG-dependent Rac1 activation. Biochimica et biophysica acta 27 25063526
2005 Identification of tyrosine residues on ELMO1 that are phosphorylated by the Src-family kinase Hck. Biochemistry 26 15952790
2021 ELMO1 signaling is a promoter of osteoclast function and bone loss. Nature communications 25 34404802
2021 Cryo-EM structure of the human ELMO1-DOCK5-Rac1 complex. Science advances 24 34290093
2018 Neuronal adaptor FE65 stimulates Rac1-mediated neurite outgrowth by recruiting and activating ELMO1. The Journal of biological chemistry 24 29615491
2018 Downregulation of Dock1 and Elmo1 suppresses the migration and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer epithelial cells through the RhoA/Rac1 pathway. Oncology letters 24 30127952
2016 ELMO1 Directly Interacts with Gβγ Subunit to Transduce GPCR Signaling to Rac1 Activation in Chemotaxis. Journal of Cancer 24 27313788
2010 ELMO1 signaling in apoptotic germ cell clearance and spermatogenesis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 22 20958313
2019 Association of CCL2, CCR5, ELMO1, and IL8 Polymorphism with Diabetic Nephropathy in Malaysian Type 2 Diabetic Patients. International journal of chronic diseases 21 30713847
2019 Intergrated analysis of ELMO1, serves as a link between tumour mutation burden and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. EBioMedicine 21 31324602
2016 Association between ELMO1 gene polymorphisms and diabetic nephropathy in an Iranian population. Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders 21 27761430
2014 Elmo1 helps dock180 to regulate Rac1 activity and cell migration of ovarian cancer. International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society 20 24819662
2022 Role of ELMO1 in inflammation and cancer-clinical implications. Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) 19 35668246
2019 Annexin A2 interacting with ELMO1 regulates HCC chemotaxis and metastasis. Life sciences 19 30853625
2016 Association of rs11643718 SLC12A3 and rs741301 ELMO1 Variants with Diabetic Nephropathy in South Indian Population. Annals of human genetics 18 27699784
2012 The Drosophila TRPP cation channel, PKD2 and Dmel/Ced-12 act in genetically distinct pathways during apoptotic cell clearance. PloS one 17 22347485
2020 ARF6-Rac1 signaling-mediated neurite outgrowth is potentiated by the neuronal adaptor FE65 through orchestrating ARF6 and ELMO1. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 16 33047393
2019 ELMO1 deficiency enhances platelet function. Blood advances 16 30787021
2019 Elmo1 function, linked to Rac1 activity, regulates peripheral neuronal numbers and myelination in zebrafish. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 16 31161284
2016 Kainic Acid Induces mTORC1-Dependent Expression of Elmo1 in Hippocampal Neurons. Molecular neurobiology 16 26993296
2012 A link between the cytoplasmic engulfment protein Elmo1 and the Mediator complex subunit Med31. Current biology : CB 15 23273896
2010 Upregulation of fibronectin expression by COX-2 is mediated by interaction with ELMO1. Cellular signalling 15 20732417
2017 Intermolecular steric inhibition of Ephexin4 is relieved by Elmo1. Scientific reports 13 28667327
2024 ELMO1 ameliorates intestinal epithelial cellular senescence via SIRT1/p65 signaling in inflammatory bowel disease-related fibrosis. Gastroenterology report 12 38756351
2017 De-repression of the RAC activator ELMO1 in cancer stem cells drives progression of TGFβ-deficient squamous cell carcinoma from transition zones. eLife 12 28219480
2015 Tyr724 phosphorylation of ELMO1 by Src is involved in cell spreading and migration via Rac1 activation. Cell communication and signaling : CCS 12 26205662
2023 circRNA432 enhances the coelomocyte phagocytosis via regulating the miR-2008-ELMO1 axis in Vibrio splendidus-challenged Apostichopus japonicus. Communications biology 11 36709365
2020 Association of ELMO1 gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy among Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews 11 32043290
2019 MiR-HCC2 Up-regulates BAMBI and ELMO1 Expression to Facilitate the Proliferation and EMT of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Journal of Cancer 10 31293644
2023 Targeting Ras-binding domain of ELMO1 by computational nanobody design. Communications biology 9 36932164
2020 Extracellular adenosine enhances pulmonary artery vasa vasorum endothelial cell barrier function via Gi/ELMO1/Rac1/PKA-dependent signaling mechanisms. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 9 32432925
2019 Interaction between ELMO1 gene polymorphisms and environment factors on susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in Chinese Han population. Diabetology & metabolic syndrome 9 31798690
2014 A novel interaction between the SH2 domain of signaling adaptor protein Nck-1 and the upstream regulator of the Rho family GTPase Rac1 engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1) promotes Rac1 activation and cell motility. The Journal of biological chemistry 9 24928514
2023 The crosstalk between microbial sensors ELMO1 and NOD2 shape intestinal immune responses. Virulence 8 36694274
2018 Silymarin Attenuates ELMO-1 and KIM-1 Expression and Oxidative Stress in the Kidney of Rats with Type 2 Diabetes. Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB 8 31092990
2017 Gender differences in the association of ELMO1 genetic variants with type 2 diabetes in Tunisian Arabs. Journal of endocrinological investigation 8 28752301
2020 Association of single nucleotide polymorphism (rs741301) of the ELMO1 gene with diabetic kidney disease in Polish patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study. Endokrynologia Polska 7 31909452
2018 RhoG-ELMO1-RAC1 is involved in phagocytosis suppressed by mono-butyl phthalate in TM4 cells. Environmental science and pollution research international 7 30350139
2024 ELMO1 regulates macrophage directed migration and attenuates inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway in primary biliary cholangitis. Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver 6 38825413
2021 Mutation of an Arabidopsis Golgi membrane protein ELMO1 reduces cell adhesion. Development (Cambridge, England) 6 34015094
2020 Engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1) and apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) as candidate genes for sickle cell nephropathy. British journal of haematology 6 33216373
2015 [Association of the ELMO1 gene (snp rs1345365) with development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Mexican mestizo population]. Investigacion clinica 6 29938964
2023 ELMO1 Deficiency Reduces Neutrophil Chemotaxis in Murine Peritonitis. International journal of molecular sciences 5 37175809
2023 RhoG-Binding Domain of Elmo1 Ameliorates Excessive Process Elongation Induced by Autism Spectrum Disorder-Associated Sema5A. Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology 5 38133141
2016 Knock-down of ELMO1 in Paediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells by Nanoparticle Mediated siRNA Delivery. Nanobiomedicine 5 29942379
2016 [Application of GLAD-PCR analysis for the methylation sites detection in the regulatory areas of tumor-suppressor genes ELMo1 and EsR1 in colorectal cancer]. Voprosy onkologii 5 30444589
2024 Planarians require ced-12/elmo-1 to clear dead cells by excretion through the gut. Cell reports 4 38165802
2022 Comparative Morphological, Metabolic and Transcriptome Analyses in elmo1 , elmo2 , and elmo3 Zebrafish Mutants Identified a Functional Non-Redundancy of the Elmo Proteins. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 4 35874819
2021 Functional Verification of Novel ELMO1 Variants by Live Imaging in Zebrafish. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 4 34993193
2016 Identification of a novel protein interaction between Elmo1 and Cdc27. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 4 26882976
2024 RhoG facilitates a conformational transition in the guanine nucleotide exchange factor complex DOCK5/ELMO1 to an open state. The Journal of biological chemistry 3 38857861
2023 The Potential Impact of MYH9 (rs3752462) and ELMO1 (rs741301) Genetic Variants on the Risk of Nephrotic Syndrome Incidence. Biochemical genetics 3 37594641
2025 DOCK1/ELMO1/Rac1 Signaling is Essential for Vitreous-Induced Migration and Contraction of ARPE19 Cells. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2 39911025
2025 Genomic and cellular context-dependent expression of the human ELMO1 gene transcript variants. Gene 2 40147730
2024 Association between ELMO1 gene polymorphisms and diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one 2 38277369
2024 Proteome profiling identifies a link between the mitochondrial pathways and host-microbial sensor ELMO1 following Salmonella infection. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2 38746404
2024 Acetylation of ELMO1 correlates with Rac1 activity and colorectal cancer progress. Experimental cell research 2 38750717
2024 CED-5/CED-12 (DOCK/ELMO) can promote and inhibit F-actin formation via distinct motifs that may target different GTPases. PLoS genetics 2 39083711
2023 Overexpression of Dock180 and Elmo1 in Melanoma is Associated with Cell Survival and Migration. Annals of dermatology 2 38086358
2014 [Polymorphism g.37190613 G>A of the ELMO1 gene in the Mexican population: potential marker for clinical-surgical pathology]. Cirugia y cirujanos 2 25167351