Affinage

Showing DPYSL5 — CRAM is a alias.

DPYSL5

Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 5 · UniProt Q9BPU6

Length
564 aa
Mass
61.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
93 papers in source corpus 22 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings
Cross-family judge faithfulness: 9/9 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

DPYSL5 (CRMP5) is a cytosolic phosphoprotein of the collapsin response mediator family that acts as a negative regulator of neurite and dendrite outgrowth during nervous system development (PMID:10956643, PMID:20702696). Unlike the pro-outgrowth CRMP2, CRMP5 inhibits tubulin polymerization by forming a ternary complex with MAP2 and βIII-tubulin through its C-terminal residues 475–522, and its inhibitory effect dominates when both proteins are co-expressed (PMID:20702696). This tubulin-binding activity requires GSK-3β-mediated phosphorylation at Threonine 516 (PMID:25040932). CRMP5 functions as a downstream mediator of Sema3A/neuropilin-1 repulsive guidance signaling, controlling process extension in oligodendrocytes and filopodial dynamics in growth cones (PMID:11549731, PMID:15509652), and it coordinates microtubule dynamics with the severing protein spastin during neurite growth (PMID:30257070). Its expression is transcriptionally activated by Sox5, which requires CRMP5 to exert outgrowth inhibition (PMID:28864883). Beyond the cytoskeleton, CRMP5 localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane and drives mitophagy, inversely controlling mitochondrial content in developing neurons (PMID:24324268). De novo missense variants in DPYSL5 (e.g. p.Glu41Lys, p.Gly47Arg) disrupt the DPYSL5/MAP2/βIII-tubulin complex and impair dendritic and axonal maturation, causing brain malformations including corpus callosum agenesis (PMID:33894126, PMID:41286434). In cancer, CRMP5 stabilizes Notch receptors by blocking Itch-dependent degradation to promote glioblastoma proliferation (PMID:26122847) and drives prostate neuroendocrine transformation through an AR/DPYSL5/EZH2/PRC2 axis (PMID:38238517). Patient-derived CV2/CRMP5 autoantibodies bind CRMP5 on dorsal root ganglion neurons to sensitize nociceptors and cause neuropathic pain (PMID:40775229).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 2000 Medium

    Establishing CRMP5 as a distinct CRMP family member that forms hetero-multimeric complexes defined how it might integrate into the CRMP signaling network of the developing brain.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid and co-IP in COS-7 cells showing interaction with dihydropyrimidinase and CRMP2/3/4 but not CRMP1; parallel identification as a CRMP3/tyrosine-kinase-associated molecule in rat brain

    PMID:10851247 PMID:10956643

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of hetero-complex formation not defined
    • Identity of the associated tyrosine kinases not established
  2. 2001 Medium

    Placing CRMP5 downstream of Sema3A/neuropilin-1 answered how repulsive guidance cues are transduced to inhibit glial and neuronal process extension.

    Evidence Antibody blockade against neuropilin-1, CRMP5, and CRMP2 in primary adult oligodendrocyte cultures with Sema3A-conditioned medium

    PMID:11549731

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct molecular link between neuropilin-1 and CRMP5 not mapped
    • Antibody blockade does not reveal intracellular signaling steps
  3. 2004 High

    Loss- and gain-of-function at the growth cone showed CRMP5 directly governs filopodial dynamics and the response to repulsive cues.

    Evidence RNAi knockdown, overexpression, cytochalasin D treatment, and Sema3A collapse assays in neuronal cells

    PMID:15509652

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of actin-independent filopodial localization unresolved
    • Link to tubulin regulation not yet made at this stage
  4. 2010 High

    Biochemical reconstitution and domain mapping resolved CRMP5's core mechanism: inhibition of tubulin polymerization via a MAP2/tubulin ternary complex, opposing CRMP2.

    Evidence In vitro tubulin polymerization assay, truncation mutagenesis (residues 475-522), siRNA, and hippocampal neuron dendrite assays

    PMID:20702696

    Open questions at the time
    • Regulation of the switch between inhibitory and permissive states not defined
    • Structural basis of ternary complex not solved
  5. 2014 High

    Identifying GSK-3β phosphorylation of T516 as essential for tubulin binding established the post-translational switch controlling CRMP5 inhibitory activity.

    Evidence Phospho-site mutagenesis (non-phosphorylatable vs phosphomimetic), GSK-3β kinase assay, and neurite outgrowth assays in PC12 and hippocampal neurons

    PMID:25040932

    Open questions at the time
    • Upstream signals controlling GSK-3β toward CRMP5 not defined
    • Whether other kinases modulate the same site in vivo unresolved
  6. 2013 High

    Discovery of inner-mitochondrial CRMP5 driving mitophagy revealed a cytoskeleton-independent role in controlling neuronal mitochondrial content.

    Evidence Subcellular fractionation, LC3 lipidation, electron microscopy, and siRNA/overexpression in neurons

    PMID:24324268

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism targeting CRMP5 to the inner membrane unresolved
    • Relationship between mitophagy role and tubulin role not integrated
  7. 2011 High

    A knockout mouse linked CRMP5 to dendritic morphology, synaptic plasticity, and BDNF/TrkB signaling, anchoring its developmental function in vivo.

    Evidence crmp5-/- mice with Purkinje cell morphology and LTD analysis, plus TrkB co-expression tyrosine phosphorylation in HEK293T

    PMID:21289187

    Open questions at the time
    • Site and functional role of TrkB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation not mapped
    • Cell-autonomy of synaptic phenotype not established
  8. 2017 High

    Identifying Sox5 as a direct transcriptional activator showed how CRMP5 outgrowth-inhibitory function is engaged at the gene-regulatory level.

    Evidence ChIP, gel shift, luciferase reporter with promoter site mutation, and CRMP5 knockdown rescue in N1E115 and hippocampal neurons

    PMID:28864883

    Open questions at the time
    • Other transcriptional inputs to DPYSL5 not characterized
    • Temporal regulation during development not defined
  9. 2018 Medium

    The spastin interaction explained how CRMP5 coordinates microtubule severing with polymerization, with the combination promoting net neurite growth.

    Evidence Reciprocal domain-mapped co-IP, microtubule polymerization assay, and co-transfection in hippocampal neurons

    PMID:30257070

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo relevance of the spastin-CRMP5 partnership not tested
    • Reconciliation with CRMP5's inhibitory role under other conditions unclear
  10. 2021 High

    Functional validation of de novo DPYSL5 missense variants established a causative link to human brain malformations through disruption of the MAP2/tubulin complex.

    Evidence Mutant proteins (p.Glu41Lys, p.Gly47Arg) in hippocampal neuron dendrite assays, co-IP for MAP2/βIII-tubulin, and surface mapping on oligomers

    PMID:33894126

    Open questions at the time
    • Full genotype-phenotype spectrum not delineated
    • Whether variants alter mitochondrial or other functions not tested
  11. 2024 Medium

    Cancer studies extended CRMP5 mechanism beyond neurons, defining roles in Notch stabilization, EZH2/PRC2-driven neuroendocrine plasticity, and AR-regulated transcription.

    Evidence Gain/loss-of-function in glioblastoma and prostate cancer cells with Notch/Itch degradation assays, EZH2/PRC2 activity, cell cycle analysis, and patient cohorts

    PMID:26122847 PMID:38238517

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct physical interaction of CRMP5 with Notch/EZH2 machinery not fully resolved
    • Relationship between cytosolic, nuclear, and cancer functions not unified
  12. 2025 High

    Demonstrating that CV2/CRMP5 autoantibodies directly sensitize DRG nociceptors established an antibody-mediated mechanism for paraneoplastic neuropathic pain.

    Evidence Patient-derived antibody injection, DRG electrophysiology, mechanical hypersensitivity, DNA vaccine immunization, and anti-CD20 B cell depletion in rats

    PMID:40775229

    Open questions at the time
    • Intracellular consequence of autoantibody binding to a cytosolic antigen not mechanistically explained
    • How surface accessibility of CRMP5 on DRG neurons arises unresolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How CRMP5's distinct functional pools — cytosolic tubulin inhibition, mitochondrial mitophagy, nuclear/cancer signaling, and autoantibody target — are coordinated within a single cell remains unresolved.
  • No structural model integrating tubulin, mitochondrial, and nuclear roles
  • Switch governing subcellular partitioning unknown
  • Phosphorylation code linking GSK-3β, TrkB, and ATM inputs not integrated

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 4 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 2 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 3 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 2 GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0005634 nucleus 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 4 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 2 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 2 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 1
Partners
ATMCRMP2CRMP3MAP2SOX5SPASTTRKBTUBB3
Complex memberships
DPYSL5/MAP2/βIII-tubulin ternary complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2000 CRMP5 (DPYSL5) was identified as a novel CRMP family member that interacts with dihydropyrimidinase and all CRMPs (CRMP2, CRMP3, CRMP4, CRMP5 itself) except CRMP1, forming hetero-multimeric complexes. These interactions were demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation, suggesting CRMP complexes in developing nervous system can be classified into two populations: those containing CRMP1 and those containing CRMP5. Yeast two-hybrid screening, co-immunoprecipitation in COS-7 cells, Northern blot, in situ hybridization The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 10956643
2000 CRAM (CRMP5/DPYSL5) was identified as a CRMP3-associated molecule that physically associates with CRMP3 when co-expressed in COS-7 cells, forms a large complex with CRMP3 and other unidentified proteins in vivo, and co-immunoprecipitates with proteins containing protein-tyrosine kinase activity from rat brain extracts, indicating it interacts with tyrosine kinases in developing brain. Co-immunoprecipitation from rat brain extracts and COS-7 cells, immunoprecipitation with kinase activity assay The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 10851247
2001 Ulip6/CRMP5 (DPYSL5) mediates semaphorin-3A (Sema3A) signaling in adult oligodendrocytes. In the presence of Sema3A, oligodendrocytes (which express neuropilin-1 and CRMP5) showed dramatic reduction in process extension; this was prevented by anti-neuropilin-1, anti-CRMP5, or anti-CRMP2 antibodies, or VEGF-165 (another neuropilin-1 ligand), establishing CRMP5 as a downstream mediator of Sema3A/neuropilin-1 signaling controlling oligodendrocyte process extension. Primary adult rat oligodendrocyte culture, Sema3A-conditioned medium treatment, antibody blockade experiments, process extension quantification The Journal of neuroscience Medium 11549731
2003 M-septin (a mitochondrial septin) was identified as a CRMP/CRAM interacting protein from developing rat brain. M-septin specifically induces mitochondrial translocation of CRAM (CRMP5) but not CRMP2, and is transiently localized to mitochondria before neurite induction, dissociating after neurite extension, suggesting CRMP5 participates in neuronal differentiation via mitochondrial pathway. Yeast two-hybrid screening, co-immunoprecipitation, subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence in COS-7 and P19 cells Genes to cells Medium 12581152
2004 CRAM (CRMP5/DPYSL5) localizes to filopodia of growth cones independently of filamentous actin. Overexpression promotes filopodial growth and supernumerary growth cone formation, and confers resistance to semaphorin-3A-induced growth cone collapse. RNAi knockdown of CRAM blocks filopodial formation and causes aberrant growth cone morphology, establishing CRMP5 as a regulator of filopodial dynamics and growth cone response to repulsive guidance cues. Immunohistochemistry, cytochalasin D treatment, overexpression in neuronal cells, RNAi knockdown, Sema-3A stimulation assay Molecular biology of the cell High 15509652
2005 In adult mouse brain, CRMP5 localizes predominantly to dendrites of specific neuronal populations (cortical pyramidal neurons, hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells, Purkinje cerebellar cells), in contrast to CRMP2A which is axon-specific. In oligodendrocytes, CRMP5 localizes to cell bodies and processes. This cell-type-specific and compartment-specific localization was established by immunostaining with specific antibodies. Immunohistochemistry with isoform-specific antibodies in brain sections; primary cortical and Purkinje cell cultures The Journal of comparative neurology Medium 15834957
2010 CRMP5 inhibits tubulin polymerization and neurite outgrowth, in contrast to CRMP2 which promotes these processes. CRMP5 forms a ternary complex with MAP2 and tubulin; residues 475-522 of CRMP5 are required for tubulin binding. siRNA knockdown of CRMP5 confirms its inhibitory function. When both CRMP5 and CRMP2 are co-expressed, CRMP5's inhibitory effect dominates (acts as a dominant signal over CRMP2). In hippocampal neurons, CRMP5 specifically inhibits dendrite outgrowth and formation at early developmental stages via its tubulin-binding activity. In vitro tubulin polymerization assay, siRNA knockdown, overexpression of truncated CRMP5 constructs, hippocampal neuron culture, co-immunoprecipitation for ternary complex The Journal of neuroscience High 20702696
2011 CRMP5-deficient (crmp5-/-) mice show aberrant Purkinje cell dendrite morphology (decreased soma size and primary dendrite diameter) at P21 and P28 but not P14. Loss of CRMP5 impairs long-term depression (LTD) at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses. CRMP5 is tyrosine phosphorylated when co-expressed with TrkB (BDNF receptor) in HEK293T cells, and the BDNF-induced dendritic branching effect is markedly attenuated in crmp5-/- neurons, placing CRMP5 in the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway for dendritic development. crmp5-/- mouse generation, anti-calbindin immunofluorescence, cerebellar slice LTD electrophysiology, HEK293T co-expression with TrkB for tyrosine phosphorylation, cultured neuron BDNF treatment The Journal of neuroscience High 21289187
2013 CRMP5 is present in vivo in brain mitochondria and is targeted to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondrial localization of CRMP5 induces mitophagy: CRMP5 overexpression triggers mitochondrial morphology changes, increases lysosomes and autophagosomes, enhances LC3 (lipidated LC3-II form) at mitochondria, and causes autophagosome-lysosome fusion leading to lysosomal degradation of mitochondria. Endogenous CRMP5 expression level inversely correlates with mitochondrial content in developing neurons, and CRMP5 knockdown increases mitochondrial numbers in dendrites. Subcellular fractionation (mitochondrial fraction), immunofluorescence, LC3 lipidation assay, electron microscopy (double membrane vesicles), siRNA knockdown, overexpression in neuronal cultures The Journal of biological chemistry High 24324268
2013 A short nuclear isoform of CRMP5, derived from C-terminal processing, localizes to the nucleus of cancer cells (glioblastoma, H69, GL15) via a nuclear localization signal (NLS) with essential residue K391 (identified by mutational analysis). In cancer cells, cytosolic CRMP5 does not interact with tubulin (unlike during normal development), enabling C-terminal truncation and nuclear translocation. The nuclear CRMP5 isoform increases cell proliferation. Mutational analysis of NLS (K391), immunofluorescence in human GBM biopsies and cancer cell lines, co-immunoprecipitation for tubulin interaction, cell proliferation assay Experimental cell research Medium 23298946
2014 Phosphorylation of CRMP5 at Threonine 516 (T516) by GSK-3β is required for neurite outgrowth inhibition. Non-phosphorylatable T516 mutant loses inhibitory function; phosphomimetic T516 mutant retains inhibitory function. T516 phosphorylation is essential for the tubulin-binding property of CRMP5. Other identified phosphorylation sites (T509, T514, S534) are not required for this function. Mutational analysis of phosphorylation sites (T509, T514, T516, S534), non-phosphorylatable and phosphomimetic constructs, PC12 and hippocampal neuron neurite outgrowth assay, GSK-3β kinase assay The European journal of neuroscience High 25040932
2015 CRMP5 controls GBM cell proliferation and survival through Notch-dependent signaling. Elevated CRMP5 promotes Notch receptor expression and Akt activation. Mechanistically, CRMP5 prevents Itch-dependent lysosomal degradation of Notch receptors, thereby stabilizing Notch signaling in GBM cells and GBM stem cells. Overexpression and knockdown in GBM cell lines and GBM stem cells, GBM xenograft, Western blot for Notch/Akt, Itch-dependent degradation assay, GBM biopsy immunostaining Cancer research Medium 26122847
2015 CRMP-5 interacts with actin in addition to tubulin in growth cones of developing hippocampal neurons. Co-immunoprecipitation shows CRMP-5 binds actin, with higher affinity for actin than microtubules. CRMP-5 colocalizes with actin predominantly in the C-domain and T-zone of growth cones. siRNA knockdown of CRMP-5 suppresses actin expression, growth cone development, and neurite outgrowth; overexpression promotes these processes. Co-immunoprecipitation from hippocampal neurons, immunocytochemistry, siRNA knockdown, overexpression Molecular medicine reports Medium 26677106
2017 Sox5 transcription factor directly regulates CRMP5 expression. Sox5 increases CRMP5 promoter activity via a Sox5 consensus binding sequence upstream of the CRMP5 gene; mutation of this site abolishes activation. Sox5 physically binds to the CRMP5 promoter DNA (gel mobility shift and ChIP assays). Sox5 upregulates CRMP5 transcript and protein in N1E115 cells; Sox5-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition requires CRMP5 (CRMP5 knockdown prevents Sox5 effect). Confirmed in mouse primary hippocampal neurons. Luciferase reporter assay, gel mobility shift assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), siRNA knockdown, RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, primary hippocampal neurons Cellular and molecular life sciences High 28864883
2018 Spastin (microtubule-severing protein) interacts with CRMP5 both in vitro and in vivo. The binding domain of spastin is residues 270-328 (N-terminal fragment) and of CRMP5 is residues 472-564 (C-terminal fragment). CRMP5 promotes microtubule polymerization which interferes with microtubule-severing function of spastin. Co-transfection of spastin and CRMP5 promotes neurite outgrowth (both dendrites and axons) in hippocampal neurons beyond either alone. Co-immunoprecipitation in vitro and in vivo, domain mapping by truncation mutants, microtubule polymerization assay, siRNA knockdown, overexpression in hippocampal neurons Developmental neurobiology Medium 30257070
2019 CRMP5 regulates AMPA receptor surface trafficking; specifically, CRMP5 can regulate surface GluA2 levels and GluA2 S880 phosphorylation. In 3xTg-AD mice, elevated hippocampal CRMP5 is associated with social deficits and memory loss; CRMP5 knockdown reverses social deficits and rescues memory impairment, while CRMP5 overexpression accelerates memory loss and decreases social interaction. Lentiviral CRMP5 knockdown/overexpression in mice, behavioral assays (social interaction, memory), Western blot for surface GluA2 and GluA2-S880 phosphorylation Neuropharmacology Medium 31233825
2021 Missense mutations in DPYSL5 (p.Glu41Lys and p.Gly47Arg), located in the same surface loop of DPYSL5 monomers and oligomers, impair dendritic outgrowth in hippocampal neurons and reduce the interaction of DPYSL5 with MAP2 and βIII-tubulin, preventing formation of the ternary DPYSL5/MAP2/βIII-tubulin complex required for normal dendritic outgrowth regulation. These de novo variants cause brain malformations including corpus callosum agenesis in humans. Functional analysis of missense mutants in primary hippocampal neurons (dendritic outgrowth), co-immunoprecipitation for MAP2 and βIII-tubulin interaction, structural localization of mutations on DPYSL5 oligomer surface American journal of human genetics High 33894126
2023 Elevated hippocampal CRMP5 causes chronic stress-induced cognitive deficits by: (1) disrupting synaptic plasticity through glucocorticoid receptor (GR) phosphorylation-dependent mechanisms, (2) impairing AMPAR (GluA2) trafficking, and (3) triggering cytokine release. shRNA-mediated CRMP5 knockdown rescues CUS-induced cognitive impairment; lentiviral CRMP5 overexpression exacerbates memory decline after subthreshold stress. Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) mouse model, shRNA and lentiviral CRMP5 manipulation, synaptic plasticity assays, AMPAR trafficking, cytokine measurement, GR phosphorylation Western blot International journal of molecular sciences Medium 36902337
2024 DPYSL5 promotes prostate cancer cell plasticity (neuroendocrine transformation) via EZH2-mediated PRC2 activation. Androgen receptor (AR) suppresses DPYSL5, providing a mechanism for neuroendocrine transformation under androgen deprivation therapy. DPYSL5 overexpression induces neuron-like phenotype, enhances invasion and proliferation, upregulates stemness and NE markers; depletion decreases proliferation, induces G1 arrest, reverses NE phenotype, and upregulates luminal genes. The AR/DPYSL5/EZH2/PRC2 axis was proposed and supported mechanistically. Overexpression and siRNA knockdown in prostate cancer cells, EZH2/PRC2 activity assay, cell cycle analysis, patient tumor cohort (135 samples including 55 t-NEPC) for correlation Communications biology Medium 38238517
2024 ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase) phosphorylates CRMP5 as a substrate; ATM depletion leads to reduced CRMP5 phosphorylation (identified by phosphoproteomics), ATM physically associates with CRMP5, and ATM-null conditions result in stabilized microtubules and neurite retraction, implicating CRMP5 in the semaphorin-CRMP5-microtubule signaling axis downstream of ATM. Global proteome and phosphoproteomics of ATM-null mouse cerebellum and human neuroblastoma cells, co-immunoprecipitation (ATM-CRMP5 association), microtubule stabilization assay, neurite retraction measurement Neurobiology of disease Medium 39615799
2025 Patient-derived CV2/CRMP5 autoantibodies bind to CRMP5 antigen on rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and superficial laminae of the spinal cord, induce DRG neuron hyperexcitability and mechanical hypersensitivity in vivo. Preventing antibody binding to CRMP5 abolishes these effects. Anti-CD20 B cell depletion in immunized rats ameliorates autoimmunity and neuropathy, establishing a direct mechanism for antibody-mediated nociceptor sensitization. Patient-derived antibody injection into rats, DRG electrophysiology (neuron hyperexcitability), mechanical hypersensitivity behavioral testing, DNA vaccine immunization model, anti-CD20 depletion therapy Nature communications High 40775229
2025 Novel DPYSL5 missense variants (including recurrent p.Glu41Lys, novel recurrent p.Glu25Lys, and others) impair dendritic arborization, axonal elongation, and synaptic density in both mouse embryonic primary neuronal cultures and hiPSC-derived human neural stem cells, demonstrating a fundamental role of DPYSL5 in neuronal maturation. Mouse embryonic primary neuronal cultures, hiPSC-derived human neural stem cells, morphological analysis of dendritic arborization, axonal elongation, synaptic density with variant DPYSL5 proteins Molecular psychiatry Medium 41286434

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 93 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2001 CRMP-5 neuronal autoantibody: marker of lung cancer and thymoma-related autoimmunity. Annals of neurology 363 11220734
2003 Paraneoplastic autoimmune optic neuritis with retinitis defined by CRMP-5-IgG. Annals of neurology 188 12838519
2008 Onco-neural antibodies and tumour type determine survival and neurological symptoms in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with Hu or CV2/CRMP5 antibodies. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 174 18931014
2002 Paraneoplastic chorea associated with CRMP-5 neuronal antibody and lung carcinoma. Annals of neurology 150 12112110
2000 Molecular characterization of CRMP5, a novel member of the collapsin response mediator protein family. The Journal of biological chemistry 114 10956643
2001 Isolation and expression pattern of human Unc-33-like phosphoprotein 6/collapsin response mediator protein 5 (Ulip6/CRMP5): coexistence with Ulip2/CRMP2 in Sema3a- sensitive oligodendrocytes. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 107 11549731
2017 Autoimmune CRMP5 neuropathy phenotype and outcome defined from 105 cases. Neurology 97 29222126
2005 Differential expression of CRMP1, CRMP2A, CRMP2B, and CRMP5 in axons or dendrites of distinct neurons in the mouse brain. The Journal of comparative neurology 93 15834957
2000 Identification of CRAM, a novel unc-33 gene family protein that associates with CRMP3 and protein-tyrosine kinase(s) in the developing rat brain. The Journal of biological chemistry 84 10851247
2010 CRMP5 interacts with tubulin to inhibit neurite outgrowth, thereby modulating the function of CRMP2. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 60 20702696
2011 CRMP5 (collapsin response mediator protein 5) regulates dendritic development and synaptic plasticity in the cerebellar Purkinje cells. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 56 21289187
2009 CCL19 is a specific ligand of the constitutively recycling atypical human chemokine receptor CRAM-B. Immunology 55 20002784
2004 Critical role of collapsin response mediator protein-associated molecule CRAM for filopodia and growth cone development in neurons. Molecular biology of the cell 46 15509652
2015 CRMP5 Controls Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation and Survival through Notch-Dependent Signaling. Cancer research 39 26122847
2018 Spastin Interacts with CRMP5 to Promote Neurite Outgrowth by Controlling the Microtubule Dynamics. Developmental neurobiology 35 30257070
2010 Role of the atypical chemoattractant receptor CRAM in regulating CCL19 induced CCR7 responses in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Molecular cancer 35 21092185
2003 Isolation and expression of a novel mitochondrial septin that interacts with CRMP/CRAM in the developing neurones. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 33 12581152
2021 Missense variants in DPYSL5 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with corpus callosum agenesis and cerebellar abnormalities. American journal of human genetics 30 33894126
2007 CRMP5 antibodies in patients with small-cell lung cancer or thymoma. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 28 17657489
2015 Pitfalls in the detection of CV2 (CRMP5) antibodies. Journal of neuroimmunology 27 26711575
2019 miR-214-5p inhibits human prostate cancer proliferation and migration through regulating CRMP5. Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers 26 31403941
2008 Human B cells express the orphan chemokine receptor CRAM-A/B in a maturation-stage-dependent and CCL5-modulated manner. Immunology 26 18397265
2008 Extensive expression of collapsin response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) is a specific marker of high-grade lung neuroendocrine carcinoma. The American journal of surgical pathology 25 18769332
2000 Ulip6, a novel unc-33 and dihydropyrimidinase related protein highly expressed in developing rat brain. FEBS letters 25 11034345
2023 An overview on CV2/CRMP5 antibody-associated paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. Neural regeneration research 23 37282453
2006 Small cell lung carcinoma presenting as collapsin response-mediating protein (CRMP) -5 paraneoplastic optic neuropathy. Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society 23 16966932
2022 CRAM 3.1: advances in the CRAM file format. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 22 34999766
2003 Paraneoplastic movement disorder in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and CRMP-5 autoantibody. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society 21 14673901
2009 CRMP5 antibodies found in a patient with limbic encephalitis and myasthenia gravis. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 20 19151024
2018 Structural insights into pro-aggregation effects of C. elegans CRAM-1 and its human ortholog SERF2. Scientific reports 19 30291272
2015 CRAM-A indicates IFN-γ-associated inflammatory response in breast cancer. Molecular immunology 19 26563945
2014 Collapsin response-mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) phosphorylation at threonine 516 regulates neurite outgrowth inhibition. The European journal of neuroscience 19 25040932
2013 Collapsin response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) induces mitophagy, thereby regulating mitochondrion numbers in dendrites. The Journal of biological chemistry 19 24324268
2006 Expression of the onconeural CV2/CRMP5 antigen in thymus and thymoma. Journal of neuroimmunology 19 16519949
2018 CV2/CRMP5-antibody-related Paraneoplastic Optic Neuropathy Associated with Small-cell Lung Cancer. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 18 29321433
2018 Coexistence of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and autoimmune encephalitis with anti-CRMP5/CV2 and anti-GABAB receptor antibodies in small cell lung cancer: A case report. Medicine 18 29742721
2008 High-titer collapsin response-mediating protein-associated (CRMP-5) paraneoplastic optic neuropathy and Vitritis as the only clinical manifestations in a patient with small cell lung carcinoma. Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society 18 18347453
2020 Limbic encephalitis associated with AMPA receptor and CRMP5 antibodies: A case report and literature review. Brain and behavior 17 31991060
2019 Collapsin response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) causes social deficits and accelerates memory loss in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 16 31233825
2016 Rapidly progressive neurological deterioration in anti-AMPA receptor encephalitis with additional CRMP5 antibodies. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology 16 27465029
2007 Bilateral autoimmune optic neuritis and vitreitis related to CRMP-5-IgG: intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide therapy of four eyes. Eye (London, England) 16 17721501
2017 Transcriptional regulation of CRMP5 controls neurite outgrowth through Sox5. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 15 28864883
2011 CRMP5-associated GTPase (CRAG) protein protects neuronal cells against cytotoxicity of expanded polyglutamine protein partially via c-Fos-dependent activator protein-1 activation. The Journal of biological chemistry 14 21832068
2021 CRMP5 Antibodies-Diagnostic Challenges. Frontiers in neurology 12 34630302
2019 CRMP5-associated GTPase (CRAG) Is a Candidate Driver Gene for Colorectal Cancer Carcinogenesis. Anticancer research 12 30591445
2016 Double trouble: para-neoplastic anti-PCA-2 and CRMP-5-mediated small fibre neuropathy followed by chorea associated with small cell lung cancer and evolving radiological features. BMJ case reports 12 27571910
2009 [Paraneoplastic chorea and behavioral disorders in a patient with anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies and two different tumors]. Revue neurologique 12 19497605
2000 Sequence requirements for trafficking of the CRAM transmembrane protein to the flagellar pocket of African trypanosomes. Molecular and cellular biology 12 10866671
2020 A Case of Anti-CRMP5 Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome Induced by Atezolizumab for Small Cell Lung Cancer. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 11 32788536
2014 CRMP-5 interacts with tubulin to promote growth cone development in neurons. International journal of clinical and experimental medicine 11 24482690
2013 Identification of a new CRMP5 isoform present in the nucleus of cancer cells and enhancing their proliferation. Experimental cell research 11 23298946
2024 DPYSL5 is highly expressed in treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer and promotes lineage plasticity via EZH2/PRC2. Communications biology 10 38238517
2015 CRMP‑5 interacts with actin to regulate neurite outgrowth. Molecular medicine reports 10 26677106
2011 Demyelinating neuropathy with anti-CRMP5 antibodies predating diagnosis of breast carcinoma: favorable outcome after cancer therapy. Muscle & nerve 10 21484830
2013 Orthostatic hypotension secondary to CRMP-5 paraneoplastic autonomic neuropathy. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 8 24268757
2025 Anti-CV2/CRMP5 autoantibodies as drivers of sensory neuron excitability and pain in rats. Nature communications 7 40775229
2021 Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration with Anti-CV2/CRMP5 Antibodies in Ovarian Cancer: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case reports in oncology 7 35111012
2020 Anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibody-positive paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction in a small-cell lung cancer patient: a case report and literature review. The Journal of international medical research 7 33305627
2019 Neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects of CRMP-5 on retinal ganglion cells in an experimental in vivo and in vitro model of glaucoma. PloS one 7 30673694
2014 Paraneoplastic Hu and CRMP5 antibodies are present in smokers without cancer or neurological disease. Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) 7 24697843
2024 Mechanism, and treatment of anti-CV2/CRMP5 autoimmune pain. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 6 38766071
2012 [Neurologic paraneoplastic syndrome with anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies revealing a small cell lung cancer. Effectiveness of the lung cancer treatment]. Revue neurologique 6 22387203
2021 A Longitudinal, Observational Analysis of Neuronal Injury Biomarkers in a Case Report of a Patient With Paraneoplastic Anti-CRMP5 Antibody-Associated Transverse Myelitis. Frontiers in neurology 5 34349723
2021 Parkinsonism and dysautonomia with anti-CV2/CRMP5 associated paraneoplastic neurological syndromes mimicking multiple system atrophy: a case report. BMC neurology 5 34702214
2016 Paraneoplastic Choreoathetosis in a Patient with Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Anti-CRMP5/CV2: A Case Report. Case reports in neurology 5 26889151
2014 Hemichorea in a thymoma patient without anti-CRMP-5 antibody. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology 5 24413817
2024 The ataxia-telangiectasia disease protein ATM controls vesicular protein secretion via CHGA and microtubule dynamics via CRMP5. Neurobiology of disease 4 39615799
2021 Spastin interacts with CRMP5 to promote spindle organization in mouse oocytes by severing microtubules. Zygote (Cambridge, England) 4 34034836
2020 Paraneoplastic Focal Outer Retinitis and Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Anti-CRMP5, Anti-HU and Anti-Amphiphysin Antibodies. Case reports in ophthalmology 4 33173498
2007 [Paraneoplastic optic neuritis in an unknown small cell lung carcinoma defined by CRMP-5-IgG]. Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia 4 18040924
2024 Predicting disability and mortality in CV2/CRMP5-IgG associated paraneoplastic neurologic disorders. Annals of clinical and translational neurology 3 38251800
2021 CRMP5 regulates cell proliferation and development of colorectal cancer via MAPK-dependent signaling. Oncology letters 3 34539851
2021 CV2/CRMP5-antibody-related Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndrome Associated with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 3 34670904
2020 Rare case: paraneoplastic syndrome affecting peripheral nerves, associated with anti-collapsin-response mediator protein-5 (anti-CRMP5) antibodies, as early manifestation of small cell lung cancer confined to a solitary lymph node without evidence of lung mass on routine CT thorax. BMJ case reports 3 32033998
2020 [A case of paraneoplastic myelopathy associated with anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies with small-cell lung cancer]. Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology 3 32641628
2007 Localization of CRMP5 mRNA by in situ hybridisation during development of the mouse forebrain. Neuroscience letters 3 18215465
2021 Collapsin response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) modulates susceptibility to chronic social defeat stress in mice. Molecular neurobiology 2 33638112
2020 Small cell carcinoma presenting as ocular paraneoplastic syndrome due to CRMP-5. Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) 2 33459291
2019 Cram-JS: reference-based decompression in node and the browser. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 2 31099383
2025 Missense variants in DPYSL5 associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and brain malformations cause impaired neuronal maturation in vitro. Molecular psychiatry 1 41286434
2024 Anlotinib induces neuronal-like differentiation of neuroblastoma by downregulating CRMP5. Molecular carcinogenesis 1 38780126
2024 Anti-Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 5(CV2/CRMP5) and Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) Antibodies-Mediated Encephalopathy Mimicking Atypical Parkinsonism. Neurology international 1 39728758
2023 Anti-CV2/Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 5 (CRMP5) Paraneoplastic Encephalitis Induced by Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cureus 1 36865958
2023 Elevated Hippocampal CRMP5 Mediates Chronic Stress-Induced Cognitive Deficits by Disrupting Synaptic Plasticity, Hindering AMPAR Trafficking, and Triggering Cytokine Release. International journal of molecular sciences 1 36902337
2023 Lung Cancer Wherein Durvalumab Induced Both Anti-CRMP-5 Antibody-related Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Neurological Adverse Events. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 1 37612090
2022 Effects of Attending Extracurricular Lessons and Cram School on Independent Mobility in Japanese Children. Frontiers in psychology 1 35769760
2020 Anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibody-associated hemorrhagic leukoencephalomyelitis treated with steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, and cyclophosphamide. Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 1 32044694
2020 CRMP-5-IgG Antibody: role in the bilateral uveitis with swollen disc. Romanian journal of ophthalmology 1 32685790
2025 Reforming Cancer Multidisciplinary Team Meetings: Introducing a Novel Clinical Radiological Assessment Meeting (CRAM) to Reduce Response Times and Workloads. Cureus 0 40109803
2025 Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome presenting with occult mediastinal small cell carcinoma and positivity for anti-CV2/CRMP5 and anti-SOX1 antibodies: a case report. BMC neurology 0 41291493
2025 Severe Anti-CV2/CRMP5, Anti-Hu, and Anti-SOX1 Antibody-Positive Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome Associated With Tumor Recurrence During Atezolizumab Therapy. Cureus 0 41542009
2024 Non-progressive CRMP-5-Associated Perifoveal Retinopathy in a Breast Cancer Patient: A Rare Paraneoplastic Phenomenon. Cureus 0 39720375
2019 Inflammatory flaccid myelitis in a patient with both anti-CRMP-5 IgG and CNS HIV escape. BMJ case reports 0 31118171

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