Affinage

CARD11

Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 11 · UniProt Q9BXL7

Length
1154 aa
Mass
133.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 48 papers cited in narrative 46 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

CARD11 (CARMA1) is a lymphocyte-specific scaffold protein that couples antigen receptor and costimulatory signals to NF-κB, JNK2/AP-1, and mTORC1 activation. In its resting state, an intramolecular inhibitory domain (ID) containing four cooperatively acting repressive elements maintains CARD11 in a closed conformation through CARD–coiled-coil contacts; upon TCR or BCR engagement, PKCθ/PKCβ (and additional kinases HPK1 and CaMKII) phosphorylate the linker/ID region, relieving autoinhibition and enabling CARD11 oligomerization via coiled-coil and SH3-GUK domain interactions, recruitment to lipid raft microclusters at the immunological synapse, and nucleation of cooperative BCL10 CARD filaments that recruit MALT1 and TRAF6 into higher-order CBM signalosomes that activate the TAK1–IKK cascade and LUBAC-mediated linear ubiquitination of BCL10–NEMO (PMID:24074955, PMID:29382759, PMID:18625728, PMID:27777308, PMID:25602919). Negative regulation is achieved by PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation, Cbl-b monoubiquitination disrupting BCL10 binding, K48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation via the SH3-GUK domain, and GAKIN-mediated displacement from the synapse (PMID:21157432, PMID:19815501, PMID:20008554, PMID:21145487). Gain-of-function mutations in the coiled-coil, CARD, or LATCH domains that disrupt autoinhibition drive constitutive NF-κB activation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, while biallelic loss-of-function mutations cause combined immunodeficiency with impaired B and T cell development (PMID:18323416, PMID:23149938, PMID:33872653).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 17 steps
  1. 2001 High

    Identification of CARD11 as a CARD-MAGUK scaffold that binds BCL10 via CARD-CARD interactions and activates NF-κB established the founding molecular connection between a MAGUK-family protein and the NF-κB pathway in lymphocytes.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mapping, NF-κB reporter assays, and confocal microscopy in transfected cells

    PMID:11278692 PMID:11356195

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological stimuli activating CARD11 were not yet identified
    • Mechanism of BCL10 phosphorylation downstream of CARD11 unknown
  2. 2002 High

    Demonstration that CARD11 selectively mediates antigen receptor (TCR/BCR)–induced but not TNFα-induced NF-κB and JNK signaling, acting upstream of IKK in lipid rafts, defined its pathway specificity and placed it at the apex of adaptive immune NF-κB signaling.

    Evidence RNAi knockdown, reconstitution with domain mutants, lipid raft fractionation, somatic mutagenesis screen, and dominant-negative approaches in T cells

    PMID:12154356 PMID:12154360 PMID:12356734

    Open questions at the time
    • The activating kinase upstream of CARD11 was not identified
    • How CARD11 associates with lipid rafts was unclear
  3. 2003 High

    Genetic knockout of CARD11 in mice confirmed it is essential for T and B cell immunity, NF-κB/JNK activation downstream of antigen receptors, and identified the coiled-coil domain as a critical structural determinant for pathway-specific signaling.

    Evidence CARD11 knockout mice, ENU forward genetic screen, CARD-deleted knock-in mice, proliferation and cytokine assays

    PMID:12818157 PMID:12818158 PMID:12867038

    Open questions at the time
    • The molecular mechanism by which the coiled-coil domain contributes to signaling was unknown
    • Whether CARD11 signals independently of BCL10 was unresolved
  4. 2004 High

    CARD11 was shown to orchestrate a trimolecular CBM signalosome by recruiting BCL10, MALT1, PKCθ, and IKK into lipid raft aggregates at the immunological synapse, with MALT1 associating with CARD11 independently of BCL10.

    Evidence Reconstitution of CARD11-deficient T cells, lipid raft fractionation, live-cell synapse imaging, Co-immunoprecipitation in BCL10-deficient backgrounds

    PMID:14673152 PMID:14754896 PMID:15184390 PMID:15520247

    Open questions at the time
    • The activating phosphorylation events on CARD11 were not yet mapped
    • Stoichiometry of the CBM complex was unknown
  5. 2005 High

    PKCβ and PKCθ were identified as the direct activating kinases that phosphorylate CARD11's linker region (S552/S564/S649/S657/S668), and deletion of the linker was found to cause constitutive NF-κB activation, revealing a phosphorylation-regulated autoinhibitory switch.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assays, phospho-specific antibodies, site-directed mutagenesis, reconstitution of CARD11-deficient T and B cells, synapse imaging

    PMID:16356855 PMID:16356856

    Open questions at the time
    • Additional kinases contributing to CARD11 activation were not yet known
    • Structural basis of autoinhibition was unresolved
  6. 2006 High

    CaMKII was identified as an additional CARD11 kinase (Ser109), and CARD11 was shown to selectively regulate JNK2 via a BCL10-scaffolded MKK7/TAK1 module, broadening the effector outputs of the CBM complex beyond NF-κB.

    Evidence CaMKII inhibitor/siRNA, in vitro kinase assay, JNK isoform-specific kinase assays in CARMA1/BCL10 KO mice

    PMID:16809782 PMID:17189706

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological importance of CaMKII phosphorylation relative to PKC was unclear
    • How JNK2 selectivity is achieved structurally was unknown
  7. 2007 High

    ADAP was shown to associate with CARMA1 and promote CBM assembly, while CARD11's coiled-coil domain was demonstrated to mediate constitutive self-oligomerization required for NF-κB activation, revealing both an upstream adaptor input and the oligomerization mechanism.

    Evidence ADAP-deficient T cells, Co-immunoprecipitation, coiled-coil mutagenesis, subcellular localization imaging

    PMID:17428801 PMID:17478723

    Open questions at the time
    • How ADAP-CARD11 interaction is regulated was unknown
    • Whether oligomerization suffices for activation or requires additional signals was unresolved
  8. 2008 High

    Discovery of the inhibitory domain (ID) as a PKC-responsive switch that controls CARD11 association with multiple cofactors (BCL10, TRAF6, TAK1, NEMO, caspase-8) through intramolecular CARD-coiled-coil contacts established the autoinhibition model, while oncogenic coiled-coil mutations in ABC-DLBCL were shown to constitutively activate NF-κB by disrupting this mechanism.

    Evidence Extensive domain mutagenesis in BCL10/MALT1-deficient cells, RNAi rescue, sequencing of DLBCL biopsies with functional validation in lymphoma lines

    PMID:18323416 PMID:18625728

    Open questions at the time
    • Number and identity of repressive elements within the ID were not mapped
    • Structural basis of oncogenic mutation hyperactivity was unknown
  9. 2009 High

    Multiple negative regulatory mechanisms were identified: PP2A dephosphorylates PKCθ-dependent CARD11 Ser645 to terminate signaling, Cbl-b monoubiquitinates CARD11 to disrupt BCL10 binding during NKT anergy, and HPK1 phosphorylates distinct linker residues to modulate activation, revealing that CARD11 integrates opposing phosphorylation/ubiquitination signals.

    Evidence In vitro dephosphorylation, phospho-specific antibodies, siRNA, Cbl-b/CARMA1 KO mice, HPK1 in vitro kinase assay with mutagenesis, reconstitution

    PMID:19706536 PMID:19815501 PMID:19917688 PMID:21157432

    Open questions at the time
    • Temporal coordination of these opposing modifications was not fully resolved
    • Whether PP2A and Cbl-b act on the same or distinct pools of CARD11 was unknown
  10. 2010 High

    GAKIN kinesin was identified as a signal-dependent negative regulator that competes with BCL10 for CARD11 binding and physically displaces CARD11 from the central synapse, while oncogenic mutations were shown to bypass ID autoinhibition by disrupting intramolecular interactions.

    Evidence Expression-cloning screen, live-cell synapse imaging, competition binding assay, Co-immunoprecipitation, phosphorylation-mimetic mutants

    PMID:20799731 PMID:21145487

    Open questions at the time
    • Motor activity requirement for GAKIN's negative regulation was not tested
    • How oncogenic mutations alter CARD11 conformational dynamics structurally was unknown
  11. 2012 High

    A quantitative signaling screen identified gain-of-function mutations in the CARD and LATCH domains, establishing that the LATCH cooperates with the CARD to maintain autoinhibition, and that disruption of either promotes BCL10 association, ubiquitination, and lymphoma cell survival.

    Evidence High-throughput NF-κB signaling screen, domain mutagenesis, Co-immunoprecipitation, lymphoma cell survival assay

    PMID:23149938

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural definition of the LATCH domain was lacking
    • Precise intramolecular contacts between LATCH and ID were not mapped
  12. 2013 High

    Structural reconstitution revealed that CARD11 nucleates cooperative BCL10 CARD filament polymerization in a helical assembly, providing the first structural framework for how substoichiometric CARD11 amplifies downstream signaling through a prion-like templating mechanism.

    Evidence Cryo-EM, X-ray crystallography, NMR of BCL10 CARD filament, in vitro reconstitution, structure-guided mutagenesis validated in cells

    PMID:24074955

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length CARD11 structure was not determined
    • Stoichiometry of CARD11 within native signalosomes in cells was unknown
  13. 2014 High

    CARD11 was shown to be required for TCR/CD28-induced mTORC1 activation, linking the CBM signalosome to metabolic reprogramming beyond NF-κB.

    Evidence Genetic CARD11-deficient cells, mTOR substrate phosphorylation assay, MALT1 catalytic inhibitor, metabolic flux measurement

    PMID:24917592

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism connecting CBM to mTORC1 was not identified
    • Whether CARD11 regulates amino acid transport directly was unknown
  14. 2016 High

    The ID was dissected into four cooperatively acting repressive elements, and CARD11 was shown to promote LUBAC/HOIP-mediated linear ubiquitination of BCL10 for NEMO recruitment via its coiled-coil domain, completing the picture of how CARD11 coordinates both activation and ubiquitin-dependent signaling outputs.

    Evidence Systematic RE mutagenesis with quantitative NF-κB readout, linear ubiquitin-specific antibodies, HOIP/CARD11 coiled-coil domain mutagenesis, Co-IP

    PMID:26884334 PMID:26884335 PMID:27777308

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether each RE has distinct regulatory inputs was not resolved
    • How LUBAC is recruited to CARD11 structurally was unknown
  15. 2018 High

    High-resolution cryo-EM of the BCL10 CARD filament and time-lapse imaging showed CARD11 acts as a hub nucleating star-shaped BCL10 filament networks, with MALT1 dimerizing immediately on filaments and TRAF6 cooperatively decorating them, providing an integrated structural model of the CBM signalosome.

    Evidence 4.0 Å cryo-EM structure, time-lapse confocal imaging, in vitro polymerization, EM of MALT1/TRAF6 decoration

    PMID:29382759

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length activated CARD11 structure was still missing
    • In vivo filament dynamics and turnover were not characterized
  16. 2019 High

    Crystal structure of the CARD9 CARD–coiled-coil interface and cryo-EM of its filament provided a structural template for understanding CARD11 autoinhibition: disruption of the analogous CARD–coiled-coil interface in CARD11 leads to hyperactivation and spontaneous BCL10 filament templating.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of autoinhibited CARD9, cryo-EM of CARD9 filament, cell-based CARD11 hyperactivation assays, in vitro filament polymerization

    PMID:31296852

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct CARD11 CARD-coiled-coil structure was not determined
    • Conformational transition from autoinhibited to active CARD11 was not visualized
  17. 2021 High

    Complete human CARD11 deficiency was shown to cause combined immunodeficiency with impaired B cell development, absent NF-κB/JNK/MALT1 paracaspase activation, and defective T follicular helper cell generation, confirming CARD11 as an essential non-redundant node in human adaptive immunity.

    Evidence Whole-exome sequencing identifying biallelic p.Arg837* in patients, immunophenotyping, signaling assays in patient cells, functional restoration by HSCT

    PMID:33872653

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether partial loss-of-function alleles produce a milder immunodeficiency spectrum was not fully characterized
    • Contribution of CARD11 to innate lymphoid cell function in humans was not assessed

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • A high-resolution structure of full-length CARD11 in both autoinhibited and activated conformations, the precise mechanism linking CBM assembly to mTORC1 activation, and the in vivo dynamics of CARD11 filament formation and disassembly remain unresolved.
  • No full-length CARD11 structure in either state
  • Mechanism connecting CBM to mTORC1/metabolic reprogramming is molecularly undefined
  • In vivo filament dynamics and stoichiometry at the synapse have not been measured

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 6 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 5 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 5 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 5 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 2
Partners
BCL10KIF13BMALT1NEMOPPP2R1APRKCBPRKCQTRAF6
Complex memberships
CARD11-IKK complexCBM signalosome (CARD11-BCL10-MALT1)

Evidence

Reading pass · 46 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2001 CARD11 (CARMA1) is a CARD-containing MAGUK family scaffolding protein whose CARD domain associates specifically with the CARD domain of BCL10, and when expressed in cells induces NF-κB activation and BCL10 phosphorylation. Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mapping, cell transfection NF-κB reporter assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 11278692
2001 CARMA1 binds BCL10 via CARD-CARD interaction, induces translocation of BCL10 from cytoplasm to perinuclear structures, and stimulates BCL10 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation. Co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, overexpression in cells FEBS letters High 11356195
2002 CARD11 mediates NF-κB activation selectively downstream of TCR/CD28 (but not TNFα or dsRNA), functions upstream of the IKK complex, and requires its CARD domain to cooperate with BCL10; CARD, coiled-coil, SH3, and GUK domains are each critical for signaling. Expression cloning, RNAi knockdown, RNAi-rescue domain mutagenesis, NF-κB reporter assay The EMBO journal High 12356734
2002 CARMA1 is constitutively associated with lipid rafts; TCR stimulation induces physical association of CARMA1 with TCR and BCL10, and BCL10 translocates into lipid rafts upon TCR engagement. A CARMA1 mutant defective for BCL10 binding acts as dominant-negative for TCR-induced NF-κB and JNK activation. Co-immunoprecipitation, lipid raft fractionation, dominant-negative transfection, cytokine assay Nature immunology High 12154360
2002 CARMA1 deficiency selectively impairs TCR-induced NF-κB activation and IL-2 production; reconstitution of CARMA1-deficient T cells with CARMA1 fully rescues the signaling defect. Somatic mutagenesis screen, reconstitution assay, NF-κB reporter, cytokine ELISA Nature immunology High 12154356
2003 Genetic inactivation of CARD11 in mice causes a complete block in T and B cell immunity with a selective defect in JNK and NF-κB activation downstream of antigen receptors and PKC; CARD11 is also required for TLR4/LPS-induced B cell proliferation and JNK activation. Genetic knockout mouse, proliferation assay, cytokine production, kinase activation assays Immunity High 12818158
2003 A point mutation (L232R equivalent) in the CARD11 coiled-coil domain abolishes antigen receptor-specific NF-κB and JNK signaling while preserving calcium/NFAT/ERK signaling, identifying the coiled-coil domain as essential for pathway-specific signaling. ENU forward genetic screen, reconstitution/complementation, signaling assays Immunity High 12818157
2003 CARMA1 is required for recruitment of BCL10 to clustered TCR complexes and lipid rafts; its CARD domain is essential for engaging downstream signaling components in vivo. Knockout mouse, CARD-deleted knock-in mouse, lipid raft fractionation, NF-κB and proliferation assays Current biology : CB High 12867037 12867038
2004 CARMA1 membrane association (via its MAGUK domain) is essential for function; CARMA1 recruits PKCθ, BCL10, and IKKβ into lipid rafts at the immunological synapse in a signal-dependent manner; BCL10-CARD fusion restores signaling in CARMA1-deficient cells lacking CARD. Reconstitution of CARMA1-deficient T cells, lipid raft fractionation, immunofluorescence, NF-κB reporter Molecular and cellular biology High 14673152
2004 CARMA1 controls entry of IKK into lipid raft aggregates and the central region (cSMAC) of the immune synapse downstream of PKC, without affecting overall synapse organization or TCR/LFA-1/PKCθ recruitment to the synapse. Knockout T cells, peptide-specific imaging system, lipid raft fractionation, IKK activity assay The Journal of experimental medicine High 15520247
2004 MALT1 is recruited to lipid rafts of the immunological synapse downstream of CARMA1 (CARMA1-deficient cells fail to recruit MALT1); MALT1 associates with CARMA1 in a BCL10-independent manner, and MALT1/BCL10/CARMA1 form a trimolecular complex. Lipid raft fractionation, Co-immunoprecipitation in CARMA1-deficient and reconstituted cells, dominant-negative deletion mutant assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 14754896
2004 CARMA1 physically associates with IKKγ/NEMO and participates in an inducible large complex containing IKKγ/NEMO, BCL10, and IKKα/β; expression of the NEMO-binding region of CARMA3 exerts dominant-negative effects on BCL10-mediated NF-κB activation. Co-immunoprecipitation, dominant-negative overexpression, NF-κB reporter assay The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 15184390
2005 BCR engagement induces progressive recruitment of CARMA1 into lipid rafts and association with PKCβ, which phosphorylates CARMA1 at S564, S649, and S657 in the serine-rich linker domain; mutation of S564 and S657 ablates CARMA1 function, whereas deletion of the linker causes constitutive, PKC-independent NF-κB activation. Lipid raft fractionation, in vitro kinase assay, site-directed mutagenesis, NF-κB reporter assay Immunity High 16356855
2005 PKCθ phosphorylates CARMA1 in vitro and in vivo at Ser552 (linker region) following TCR-CD28 costimulation; CARMA1 S552A mutant fails to mediate TCR-induced NF-κB activation in CARMA1-deficient T cells and fails to recruit downstream signaling components to the immunological synapse. In vitro kinase assay, phospho-specific antibody, site-directed mutagenesis, reconstitution of CARMA1-deficient T cells, immunological synapse imaging Immunity High 16356856
2005 TAK1 is required for IKK activation in BCR signaling and interacts with phosphorylated CARMA1; this interaction is mediated by PKCβ. IKK is also recruited to the CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 complex in a PKCβ-dependent manner. Co-immunoprecipitation, kinase assay, siRNA knockdown, PKCβ-deficient B cells The Journal of experimental medicine High 16301747
2006 IKKβ is required for initial CBM complex formation; upon engagement with the Carma1/BCL10/MALT1 complex, IKKβ phosphorylates BCL10 at its C-terminus, disrupting BCL10-MALT1 association and BCL10-mediated IKKγ ubiquitination — a negative regulatory feedback step. Genetic IKKβ-deficient T cells, in vitro kinase assay, mutagenesis of BCL10 phosphorylation sites, co-immunoprecipitation, cytokine measurement Molecular cell High 16818229
2006 CaMKII is redistributed to the immune synapse upon T cell activation, phosphorylates CARMA1 on Ser109, and this phosphorylation facilitates the CARMA1-BCL10 interaction to enhance NF-κB activation. Computational expression analysis, CaMKII inhibitor/siRNA, in vitro kinase assay, Co-immunoprecipitation, NF-κB reporter Molecular and cellular biology Medium 16809782
2006 CARMA1 selectively regulates JNK2 (not JNK1) downstream of TCR signaling; BCL10 is inducibly associated with JNK2 and acts as a JIP-like scaffold assembling JNK2, MKK7, and TAK1; this CARMA1/BCL10-JNK2 axis controls c-Jun protein levels. Genetic KO mice for CARMA1/BCL10, Co-immunoprecipitation, JNK isoform-specific kinase assay Immunity High 17189706
2007 CARMA1 undergoes K48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation upon antigen receptor activation; ubiquitin acceptor sites reside in the SH3 and GUK domains; deletion of the Hook domain between SH3 and GUK induces constitutive ubiquitination; elimination of ubiquitination sites elevates NF-κB and JNK activation. Site-directed mutagenesis, proteasome inhibitor treatment, ubiquitin linkage-specific antibodies, NF-κB reporter, JNK assay Molecular and cellular biology High 20008554
2007 IKKβ contributes to formation of the CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 complex in B cells by phosphorylating CARMA1 (in addition to PKCβ-mediated phosphorylation at Ser668); PKCβ-mediated Ser668 phosphorylation is essential for BCR-induced CBM association and subsequent IKK activation. Phospho-specific antibodies, PKCβ-deficient B cells, IKKβ inhibitor, Co-immunoprecipitation, kinase assay The Journal of experimental medicine High 18086859
2007 Caveolin-1 ligation of CD26 induces T cell NF-κB activation; the cytoplasmic tail of CD26 interacts with CARMA1, recruiting a complex of CD26/CARMA1/BCL10/IKK to lipid rafts. Co-immunoprecipitation, lipid raft fractionation, NF-κB reporter, soluble caveolin-1-Fc fusion protein stimulation The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 17287217
2007 CARMA1 coiled-coil domain mediates constitutive oligomerization of CARMA1; disruption of coiled-coil structure impairs oligomerization and abrogates NF-κB activation; the CC1 subdomain is required for CARMA1 subcellular localization and CC2 for self-association. Co-immunoprecipitation of CARMA1 with itself, coiled-coil mutagenesis, subcellular localization imaging, NF-κB reporter The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 17428801
2008 CARD11 contains a PKC-responsive inhibitory domain (ID) that controls the association of CARD11 with multiple signaling cofactors (BCL10, TRAF6, TAK1, IKKγ, caspase-8) through intramolecular interactions requiring both CARD and coiled-coil domains; TRAF6 and caspase-8 associate with CARD11 in a signal-inducible manner; CARD11 can recruit cofactors independently of BCL10 or MALT1. Domain mutagenesis, RNAi rescue assay, Co-immunoprecipitation in BCL10/MALT1-deficient cells, NF-κB reporter Molecular and cellular biology High 18625728
2008 Oncogenic CARD11 coiled-coil domain mutations (e.g., L225LI) found in ABC-DLBCL induce constitutive NF-κB activation and enhance NF-κB activity upon antigen receptor stimulation when introduced into lymphoma cell lines. Sanger sequencing of DLBCL biopsies, transfection of mutant constructs into lymphoma cell lines, NF-κB reporter assay Science High 18323416
2009 Cbl-b E3 ligase monoubiquitinates CARMA1, which disrupts CARMA1-BCL10 complex formation (without affecting CARMA1 protein stability), thereby suppressing NF-κB activation during NKT cell anergy. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, Cbl-b KO mice, CARMA1 KO NKT cells, IFN-γ production Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 19815501
2009 PP2A (regulatory subunit Aα/PPP2R1A) interacts with CARMA1 and dephosphorylates PKCθ-dependent Ser645 phosphorylation on CARMA1; maintenance of this phosphorylation correlates with increased CBM complex formation, NF-κB activation, and IL-2/IFN-γ production. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, in vitro dephosphorylation assay, phospho-specific antibodies, cytokine assay The EMBO journal High 21157432
2009 HPK1 kinase interacts with CARMA1 in a TCR stimulation-dependent manner and phosphorylates the CARMA1 linker region at residues S549, S551, and S552 (distinct from PKC sites); CARMA1 S551A or S549A/S551A mutants fail to restore HPK1-mediated NF-κB activation in CARMA1-deficient T cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, site-directed mutagenesis, reconstitution of CARMA1-deficient cells, NF-κB reporter Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 19706536
2009 CARMA1 serine 649 phosphorylation, occurring later and more persistently than S657 phosphorylation after antigen receptor stimulation, down-regulates CARMA1 activity; S649A mutation promotes enhanced IKK and JNK activation at low stimulation doses. Phospho-specific antibodies, site-directed mutagenesis, PKCβ-deficient B cells, DT40 CARMA1-deficient reconstitution, IKK/JNK assays Journal of immunology High 19917688
2010 Oncogenic CARD11 mutations F123I and L225LI induce hyperactivity by disrupting autoinhibition by the CARD11 inhibitory domain (ID): they disrupt ID-mediated intramolecular interactions, bypass the requirement for ID phosphorylation during TCR signaling, and selectively enhance CARD11 affinity for BCL10. Co-immunoprecipitation, mutagenesis, dominant-negative ID peptide, phosphorylation-mimetic/defective mutants, NF-κB reporter Biochemistry High 20799731
2010 Calcineurin (activated by calcium) positively regulates CBM complex formation by dephosphorylating BCL10, promoting CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 assembly; calcineurin A is physically associated with the CBM complex. Cyclosporin A/FK506 pharmacological inhibition, EGTA-AM calcium chelation, calcineurin siRNA knockdown, in vitro dephosphorylation, Co-immunoprecipitation, NF-κB reporter The Journal of biological chemistry High 21199863
2011 OX40 (a TNFR family member) assembles a signalosome containing TRAF2, RIP, IKKα/β/γ as well as CARMA1, MALT1, BCL10, and PKC in membrane microdomains independently of TCR engagement; NF-κB activation by OX40 requires CARMA1 and PKC. Co-immunoprecipitation, membrane microdomain fractionation, genetic-deficient cells, NF-κB reporter, T cell survival assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 21282629
2011 ADAP associates with CARMA1 and is required for TCR-stimulated assembly of the CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 complex; a distinct region of ADAP mediates CARMA1 association and NF-κB activation, separable from ADAP's role in adhesion regulation. ADAP-deficient T cells, Co-immunoprecipitation, NF-κB nuclear translocation assay, IκBα phosphorylation/degradation Science High 17478723
2013 The reconstituted CBM signalosome forms a helical filamentous assembly in which substoichiometric CARMA1 nucleates BCL10 CARD filaments in a highly cooperative process; crystallography, NMR, and EM reveal the Bcl10 CARD filament structure and CARMA1-BCL10 interface; structure-guided mutagenesis confirmed these interfaces for MALT1 activation in vitro and NF-κB activation in cells. In vitro reconstitution, cryo-EM, X-ray crystallography, NMR, electron microscopy, site-directed mutagenesis, NF-κB reporter Molecular cell High 24074955
2013 USP9X deubiquitinating enzyme interacts with BCL10 in the CBM complex and removes TCR-induced ubiquitin chains from BCL10, which facilitates CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 association and is required for NF-κB activation in T cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, USP9X siRNA knockdown, ubiquitination assay, NF-κB reporter, T cell proliferation/cytokine assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 23690623
2013 STUB1 (an E3 ubiquitin ligase) constitutively interacts with CARMA1 and catalyzes Lys-27-linked ubiquitination of CARMA1 upon TCR stimulation; STUB1 knockdown diminishes TCR-induced NF-κB activation and IL-2 production. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, ubiquitination assay with linkage-specific mutant ubiquitin, NF-κB reporter, cytokine assay European journal of immunology Medium 23322406
2014 CARMA1 (and MALT1 but not BCL10) is required for optimal TCR/CD28-induced mTORC1 activation in T cells; MALT1 catalytic activity is required for CD4+ T cell proliferation and increased metabolic flux in activated T cells. Genetic-deficient cells, MALT1 catalytic inhibitor, mTOR substrate phosphorylation assay, metabolic flux assay, T cell proliferation Science signaling High 24917592
2015 CARMA1 clustering through SH3-GUK domain interactions (intra- and intermolecular) is required for activation-induced microcluster formation at the immunological synapse and for TCR-induced and oncogenic NF-κB signaling; disruption of SH3-GUK interactions abolishes CARMA1 microclusters and NF-κB activation. SH3/GUK mutagenesis, live-cell confocal imaging of synapse microclusters, Co-immunoprecipitation, NF-κB reporter, ABC-DLBCL cell lines Nature communications High 25602919
2015 RNF181, an E3 ubiquitin ligase identified by BRIC screening, interacts with CARD11 and ubiquitinates BCL10 to negatively regulate antigen receptor signaling to NF-κB; RNF181 limits DLBCL cell proliferation dependent on aberrant CARD11 signaling. BRIC interaction screen, Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro ubiquitination assay, BCL10 protein level assay, NF-κB reporter, DLBCL cell proliferation assay Molecular and cellular biology Medium 26711259
2016 BCL10 undergoes TCR-induced linear (LUBAC/HOIP-mediated) polyubiquitination, which is required for association with NEMO/IKKγ; CARD11 promotes this by co-recruiting BCL10 and HOIP via its coiled-coil domain; oncogenic CARD11 variants spontaneously induce Lin(Ub)n-BCL10 correlating with enhanced HOIP and BCL10 binding. Linear ubiquitin-specific antibodies, site-directed mutagenesis of BCL10 lysines, HOIP/CARD11 domain mutagenesis, Co-immunoprecipitation, NF-κB reporter The Journal of biological chemistry High 27777308
2016 The CARD11 inhibitory domain (ID) contains four repressive elements (REs) that function cooperatively and redundantly to prevent spontaneous NF-κB activation; each RE contributes to closed inactive state maintenance and prevention of BCL10 binding; oncogenic mutations disrupt intramolecular interactions mediated by multiple REs. Domain mutagenesis, intramolecular interaction assay, quantitative NF-κB reporter assay, domain-deletion analysis The Journal of biological chemistry High 26884334 26884335
2017 Germline hypomorphic CARD11 mutations cause loss-of-function and dominant-interfering activity for antigen receptor-induced NF-κB and mTORC1 signaling; glutamine supplementation partially rescues mTORC1 and IFN-γ production defects, indicating CARD11 is required for glutamine import into T cells. Transfection of mutant constructs, NF-κB and mTORC1 reporter assays, patient primary T cell functional assays, glutamine supplementation rescue experiment Nature genetics High 28628108
2018 Cryo-EM structure of BCL10 CARD filament at 4.0 Å redefines CARD-CARD interactions; BCL10 polymerizes in a unidirectional manner in time-lapse confocal imaging; CARMA1 serves as a hub nucleating star-shaped BCL10 filament networks and decreases the lag period of BCL10 polymerization; MALT1 immediately dimerizes on BCL10 filaments and TRAF6 cooperatively decorates CBM filaments in higher-order assemblies. Cryo-EM structure determination, time-lapse confocal imaging, in vitro polymerization assay, EM of MALT1/TRAF6 decoration Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 29382759
2019 Structure of a CARD9 region containing an extensive CARD-coiled-coil interface reveals the structural basis for autoinhibition; disruption of this interface leads to hyperactivation and Bcl10-templating filament formation in vitro for both CARD9 and CARD11; structure of the CARD9 filament illuminates mechanisms of CARD11 oncogenic mutations and how autoinhibition is relieved during canonical activation. X-ray crystallography of autoinhibited CARD9, cryo-EM of CARD9 filament, cell-based hyperactivation assays, in vitro filament polymerization Nature communications High 31296852
2010 GAKIN (a kinesin-3 family member) associates with CARD11 in a signal-dependent manner, competes with BCL10 for CARD11 association, and dynamically localizes to the immunological synapse to redistribute CARD11 from the central to a distal region, thereby negatively regulating TCR signaling to NF-κB. Expression-cloning screen, Co-immunoprecipitation, live-cell imaging at immunological synapse, NF-κB reporter, competition binding assay Molecular cell High 21145487
2012 A quantitative signaling screen identifies gain-of-function CARD11 mutations in the CARD and LATCH domains; LATCH domain functions with the CARD to promote autoinhibition; mutations in LATCH or CARD disrupt inhibitory domain binding, promote BCL10 association, induce BCL10 ubiquitination, NF-κB activation, and human lymphoma cell survival. High-throughput quantitative NF-κB signaling screen, domain mutagenesis, Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, lymphoma cell survival assay Molecular and cellular biology High 23149938
2021 Complete human CARD11 deficiency (biallelic p.Arg837* loss-of-function) prevents CBM complex formation, severely impairs NF-κB, JNK, and MALT1 paracaspase activation in B and T cells, and causes a developmental block in B cells at the naive/type 1 transitional stage with impaired T follicular helper cell development. Whole-exome sequencing, immunoblot signaling assays, flow cytometry immunophenotyping, MALT1 paracaspase activity assay, transcriptomics, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation functional restoration The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology High 33872653

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2008 Oncogenic CARD11 mutations in human diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Science (New York, N.Y.) 705 18323416
2001 CARD11 and CARD14 are novel caspase recruitment domain (CARD)/membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family members that interact with BCL10 and activate NF-kappa B. The Journal of biological chemistry 295 11278692
2005 Phosphorylation of the CARMA1 linker controls NF-kappaB activation. Immunity 287 16356855
2003 The MAGUK family protein CARD11 is essential for lymphocyte activation. Immunity 283 12818158
2002 CARMA1 is a critical lipid raft-associated regulator of TCR-induced NF-kappa B activation. Nature immunology 283 12154360
2003 Identifying the MAGUK protein Carma-1 as a central regulator of humoral immune responses and atopy by genome-wide mouse mutagenesis. Immunity 259 12818157
2002 A requirement for CARMA1 in TCR-induced NF-kappa B activation. Nature immunology 255 12154356
2005 Phosphorylation of CARMA1 plays a critical role in T Cell receptor-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Immunity 243 16356856
2003 Requirement for CARMA1 in antigen receptor-induced NF-kappa B activation and lymphocyte proliferation. Current biology : CB 219 12867038
2010 Antigen receptor signaling to NF-kappaB via CARMA1, BCL10, and MALT1. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology 193 20685844
2002 CARD11 mediates factor-specific activation of NF-kappaB by the T cell receptor complex. The EMBO journal 182 12356734
2004 CD3/CD28 costimulation-induced NF-kappaB activation is mediated by recruitment of protein kinase C-theta, Bcl10, and IkappaB kinase beta to the immunological synapse through CARMA1. Molecular and cellular biology 178 14673152
2017 Germline hypomorphic CARD11 mutations in severe atopic disease. Nature genetics 172 28628108
2001 Carma1, a CARD-containing binding partner of Bcl10, induces Bcl10 phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation. FEBS letters 167 11356195
2006 The CARMA1 signalosome links the signalling machinery of adaptive and innate immunity in lymphocytes. Nature reviews. Immunology 152 17063183
2012 Congenital B cell lymphocytosis explained by novel germline CARD11 mutations. The Journal of experimental medicine 150 23129749
2013 Structural architecture of the CARMA1/Bcl10/MALT1 signalosome: nucleation-induced filamentous assembly. Molecular cell 149 24074955
2013 Deficiency of caspase recruitment domain family, member 11 (CARD11), causes profound combined immunodeficiency in human subjects. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 146 23374270
2005 PKC beta regulates BCR-mediated IKK activation by facilitating the interaction between TAK1 and CARMA1. The Journal of experimental medicine 143 16301747
2003 Mice lacking the CARD of CARMA1 exhibit defective B lymphocyte development and impaired proliferation of their B and T lymphocytes. Current biology : CB 131 12867037
2016 Genetic heterogeneity in primary and relapsed mantle cell lymphomas: Impact of recurrent CARD11 mutations. Oncotarget 125 27224912
2018 Hypomorphic caspase activation and recruitment domain 11 (CARD11) mutations associated with diverse immunologic phenotypes with or without atopic disease. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 116 30170123
2014 The CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signalosome complex: Stepping into the limelight of human primary immunodeficiency. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 115 25087226
2013 Whole-exome sequencing links caspase recruitment domain 11 (CARD11) inactivation to severe combined immunodeficiency. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 114 23561803
2007 Caveolin-1 triggers T-cell activation via CD26 in association with CARMA1. The Journal of biological chemistry 114 17287217
2006 Essential role for IkappaB kinase beta in remodeling Carma1-Bcl10-Malt1 complexes upon T cell activation. Molecular cell 110 16818229
2004 MALT1/paracaspase is a signaling component downstream of CARMA1 and mediates T cell receptor-induced NF-kappaB activation. The Journal of biological chemistry 102 14754896
2014 T cell receptor-dependent activation of mTOR signaling in T cells is mediated by Carma1 and MALT1, but not Bcl10. Science signaling 97 24917592
2009 CARMA1 controls an early checkpoint in the thymic development of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 95 19454668
2009 Commitment to the regulatory T cell lineage requires CARMA1 in the thymus but not in the periphery. PLoS biology 92 19260764
2007 IkappaB kinase beta-induced phosphorylation of CARMA1 contributes to CARMA1 Bcl10 MALT1 complex formation in B cells. The Journal of experimental medicine 92 18086859
2004 The roles of CARMA1, Bcl10, and MALT1 in antigen receptor signaling. Seminars in immunology 92 15541657
2009 CARMA1-mediated NF-kappaB and JNK activation in lymphocytes. Immunological reviews 91 19290929
2009 CARD9 versus CARMA1 in innate and adaptive immunity. Trends in immunology 91 19359218
2008 Multiple ITAM-coupled NK-cell receptors engage the Bcl10/Malt1 complex via Carma1 for NF-kappaB and MAPK activation to selectively control cytokine production. Blood 91 18192506
2006 The CARMA1-Bcl10 signaling complex selectively regulates JNK2 kinase in the T cell receptor-signaling pathway. Immunity 88 17189706
2006 Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is a modulator of CARMA1-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Molecular and cellular biology 87 16809782
2018 Assembly mechanism of the CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1-TRAF6 signalosome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 86 29382759
2018 The CBM-opathies-A Rapidly Expanding Spectrum of Human Inborn Errors of Immunity Caused by Mutations in the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 Complex. Frontiers in immunology 85 30283440
2011 The Ca2+-dependent phosphatase calcineurin controls the formation of the Carma1-Bcl10-Malt1 complex during T cell receptor-induced NF-kappaB activation. The Journal of biological chemistry 85 21199863
2007 Regulation of NF-kappaB activation in T cells via association of the adapter proteins ADAP and CARMA1. Science (New York, N.Y.) 79 17478723
2017 Combined immunodeficiency and atopy caused by a dominant negative mutation in caspase activation and recruitment domain family member 11 (CARD11). The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 75 28826773
2014 Germline CARD11 Mutation in a Patient with Severe Congenital B Cell Lymphocytosis. Journal of clinical immunology 75 25352053
2013 Signaling by Fyn-ADAP via the Carma1-Bcl-10-MAP3K7 signalosome exclusively regulates inflammatory cytokine production in NK cells. Nature immunology 75 24036998
2010 Mutations of CARD11 but not TNFAIP3 may activate the NF-kappaB pathway in primary CNS lymphoma. Acta neuropathologica 75 20544211
2004 The molecular adapter Carma1 controls entry of IkappaB kinase into the central immune synapse. The Journal of experimental medicine 74 15520247
2018 Mechanisms of Regulated and Dysregulated CARD11 Signaling in Adaptive Immunity and Disease. Frontiers in immunology 72 30283447
2015 Lymphomagenic CARD11/BCL10/MALT1 signaling drives malignant B-cell proliferation via cooperative NF-κB and JNK activation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 72 26668357
2010 Oncogenic CARD11 mutations induce hyperactive signaling by disrupting autoinhibition by the PKC-responsive inhibitory domain. Biochemistry 68 20799731
2016 Role of the CARMA1/BCL10/MALT1 complex in lymphoid malignancies. Current opinion in hematology 66 27135977
2006 CARMA1 is required for Akt-mediated NF-kappaB activation in T cells. Molecular and cellular biology 66 16508008
2016 Lymphocyte signaling and activation by the CARMA1-BCL10-MALT1 signalosome. Biological chemistry 64 27420898
2010 Dephosphorylation of Carma1 by PP2A negatively regulates T-cell activation. The EMBO journal 64 21157432
2009 Differential requirement for CARMA1 in agonist-selected T-cell development. European journal of immunology 63 19130560
2009 Mechanisms of NKT cell anergy induction involve Cbl-b-promoted monoubiquitination of CARMA1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 63 19815501
2004 Physical and functional interaction of CARMA1 and CARMA3 with Ikappa kinase gamma-NFkappaB essential modulator. The Journal of biological chemistry 62 15184390
2008 Cell type-specific regulation of ITAM-mediated NF-kappaB activation by the adaptors, CARMA1 and CARD9. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 58 18606643
2008 The protein kinase C-responsive inhibitory domain of CARD11 functions in NF-kappaB activation to regulate the association of multiple signaling cofactors that differentially depend on Bcl10 and MALT1 for association. Molecular and cellular biology 58 18625728
2012 A quantitative signaling screen identifies CARD11 mutations in the CARD and LATCH domains that induce Bcl10 ubiquitination and human lymphoma cell survival. Molecular and cellular biology 54 23149938
2020 Multiplexed Functional Assessment of Genetic Variants in CARD11. American journal of human genetics 53 33202260
2013 Regulation of T cell function by the ubiquitin-specific protease USP9X via modulating the Carma1-Bcl10-Malt1 complex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 53 23690623
2012 T cell receptor/CARMA1/NF-κB signaling controls T-helper (Th) 17 differentiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 52 23091043
2009 Phosphorylation of CARMA1 by HPK1 is critical for NF-kappaB activation in T cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 52 19706536
2011 Antigen-independent signalosome of CARMA1, PKCθ, and TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) determines NF-κB signaling in T cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 51 21282629
2016 Molecular Determinants of Scaffold-induced Linear Ubiquitinylation of B Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia 10 (Bcl10) during T Cell Receptor and Oncogenic Caspase Recruitment Domain-containing Protein 11 (CARD11) Signaling. The Journal of biological chemistry 50 27777308
2007 CARMA1 coiled-coil domain is involved in the oligomerization and subcellular localization of CARMA1 and is required for T cell receptor-induced NF-kappaB activation. The Journal of biological chemistry 50 17428801
2011 Decreased T-cell receptor signaling through CARD11 differentially compromises forkhead box protein 3-positive regulatory versus T(H)2 effector cells to cause allergy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 49 21320717
2005 Overexpression of caspase recruitment domain (CARD) membrane-associated guanylate kinase 1 (CARMA1) and CARD9 in primary gastric B-cell lymphoma. Cancer 47 16177990
2021 Adaptive T-cell immunity controls senescence-prone MyD88- or CARD11-mutant B-cell lymphomas. Blood 45 33232972
2015 Mild B-cell lymphocytosis in patients with a CARD11 C49Y mutation. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 45 25930198
2015 MiR-539 inhibits thyroid cancer cell migration and invasion by directly targeting CARMA1. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 44 26206083
2010 The dynamic distribution of CARD11 at the immunological synapse is regulated by the inhibitory kinesin GAKIN. Molecular cell 41 21145487
2008 CD28 stimulation triggers NF-kappaB activation through the CARMA1-PKCtheta-Grb2/Gads axis. International immunology 41 18829987
2016 Oncogenic CARMA1 couples NF-κB and β-catenin signaling in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Oncogene 40 26776161
2007 Post-translational modifications regulate distinct functions of CARMA1 and BCL10. Trends in immunology 40 17468049
2013 STUB1 is essential for T-cell activation by ubiquitinating CARMA1. European journal of immunology 37 23322406
2019 Structures of autoinhibited and polymerized forms of CARD9 reveal mechanisms of CARD9 and CARD11 activation. Nature communications 36 31296852
2013 Trimeric G protein-CARMA1 axis links smoothened, the hedgehog receptor transducer, to NF-κB activation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 35 23632891
2012 Human lymphoma mutations reveal CARD11 as the switch between self-antigen-induced B cell death or proliferation and autoantibody production. The Journal of experimental medicine 35 23027925
2005 Phosphorylation of CARMA1: the link(er) to NF-kappaB activation. Immunity 35 16356853
2015 Omenn syndrome associated with a functional reversion due to a somatic second-site mutation in CARD11 deficiency. Blood 34 26289640
2018 Ubiquitination and phosphorylation of the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 signalosome in T cells. Cellular immunology 33 30514565
2012 CARMA1 controls Th2 cell-specific cytokine expression through regulating JunB and GATA3 transcription factors. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 32 22371397
2016 Intramolecular Interactions and Regulation of Cofactor Binding by the Four Repressive Elements in the Caspase Recruitment Domain-containing Protein 11 (CARD11) Inhibitory Domain. The Journal of biological chemistry 31 26884334
2016 Cooperative Control of Caspase Recruitment Domain-containing Protein 11 (CARD11) Signaling by an Unusual Array of Redundant Repressive Elements. The Journal of biological chemistry 31 26884335
2016 CARMA1- and MyD88-dependent activation of Jun/ATF-type AP-1 complexes is a hallmark of ABC diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Blood 30 26747248
2010 CARMA1 regulation of regulatory T cell development involves modulation of interleukin-2 receptor signaling. The Journal of biological chemistry 30 20233721
2009 COP9 signalosome controls the Carma1-Bcl10-Malt1 complex upon T-cell stimulation. EMBO reports 29 19444310
2006 CARMA1 is critical for the development of allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 29 16751370
2009 MAGUK-controlled ubiquitination of CARMA1 modulates lymphocyte NF-kappaB activity. Molecular and cellular biology 28 20008554
2015 Negative Regulation of CARD11 Signaling and Lymphoma Cell Survival by the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RNF181. Molecular and cellular biology 27 26711259
2021 Mechanistic understanding of the combined immunodeficiency in complete human CARD11 deficiency. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 24 33872653
2018 Caspase recruitment domain (CARD) family (CARD9, CARD10, CARD11, CARD14 and CARD15) are increased during active inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of inflammation (London, England) 24 30008619
2015 Clustering of CARMA1 through SH3-GUK domain interactions is required for its activation of NF-κB signalling. Nature communications 24 25602919
2015 TCR signaling to NF-κB and mTORC1: Expanding roles of the CARMA1 complex. Molecular immunology 24 26260210
2009 Serine 649 phosphorylation within the protein kinase C-regulated domain down-regulates CARMA1 activity in lymphocytes. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 24 19917688
2018 A Unique Heterozygous CARD11 Mutation Combines Pathogenic Features of Both Gain- and Loss-of-Function Patients in a Four-Generation Family. Frontiers in immunology 23 30619304
2015 Novel CARD11 Mutations in Human Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lead to Aberrant NF-κB Regulation. The American journal of pathology 23 26212909
2016 MYD88, CD79B, and CARD11 gene mutations in CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer 22 27915469
2014 Inhibiting CARD11 translation during BCR activation by targeting the eIF4A RNA helicase. Blood 22 25320244