Affinage

BSG

Basigin · UniProt P35613

Length
385 aa
Mass
42.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 25 papers cited in narrative 24 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 9/9 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

BSG (CD147/EMMPRIN) is a multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein that operates as a cell-surface scaffold coupling metabolite transport, matrix remodeling, and inflammatory signaling (PMID:15901826, PMID:31752956, PMID:31189879). It serves as the plasma-membrane organizer of metabolite transporters: it associates with CD98hc–amino acid transporter complexes, ASCT2, and monocarboxylate transporters, where loss of CD147 disrupts cellular energy metabolism and activates AMPK (PMID:15901826), and it reciprocally stabilizes MCT1 at the protein level to sustain lactate export and glycolysis (PMID:24013424). This transporter-organizing role is tuned post-translationally: KMT5A-mediated di-methylation of CD147 at K234 promotes MCT4 binding and its translocation to the membrane to enhance lactate export (PMID:33406400), while CD147 binding to GLUT1 supports glucose uptake and glycolytic reprogramming (PMID:37303600). CD147 drives matrix-degrading and invasive programs through MMP induction, which is negatively regulated by caveolin-1 binding via CD147 Ig domain 2 that limits CD147 surface clustering (PMID:14707126), and through β-catenin/GSK-3β-dependent induction of cathepsin B (PMID:32727598). As a receptor and co-receptor it engages platelet GPVI to mediate cell adhesion under flow (PMID:19350111, PMID:21320284), partners with VEGFR-2 to potentiate angiogenic signaling (PMID:25825981), and forms a heterodimer with neuroplastin-β in keratinocyte inflammatory signaling (PMID:27388991). CD147 transduces signals chiefly through TRAF adaptors: glycosylation-dependent TRAF2–TAK1 signaling promotes pathological cardiac remodeling (PMID:35096272), TRAF2 engagement prevents spermatocyte apoptosis via NFκB modulation (PMID:27902973), and myeloid CD147 drives M1 macrophage polarization through TRAF6–IKK–IRF5 while suppressing efferocytosis (PMID:38166463). Its surface availability is set intracellularly by cyclophilin 60-dependent trafficking (PMID:15946952) and Arf6/Rab5/Rab22a-dependent endocytic recycling (PMID:31752956, PMID:31189879). CD147 also stabilizes Foxp3 in regulatory T cells through CD98-stimulated CDK2 retention (PMID:34759371). Reported roles in viral entry are mixed: CD147 supports a CypB-dependent measles-virus entry pathway (PMID:20147391) and influences SARS-CoV-2 infection via ACE2 regulation (PMID:34201214), but direct binding of human basigin to the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD was not detected (PMID:34378982), and CD147 is dispensable for S100-triggered monocyte cytokine release (PMID:37056775).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 22 steps
  1. 2004 High

    Established that CD147-driven MMP induction is constrained by its surface organization, identifying caveolin-1 as a negative regulator of CD147 clustering.

    Evidence Co-IP, sucrose gradient fractionation, cholesterol depletion, CD147 mutagenesis, and MMP-1 induction assay

    PMID:14707126

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not define the downstream signaling triggered by CD147 clustering
    • Mechanism of cluster-dependent MMP induction in target cells not resolved
  2. 2005 High

    Defined CD147 as the organizing hub of a cell-surface metabolite-transport supercomplex, linking it directly to cellular energy metabolism.

    Evidence Crosslinking-MS, co-IP, and siRNA knockdown with AMPK and proliferation readouts

    PMID:15901826

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not establish whether CD147 is required for transporter folding versus surface retention
    • Individual transporter dependencies not separated
  3. 2005 High

    Showed that CD147 surface delivery is controlled intracellularly, identifying cyclophilin 60 and Pro211 as required for membrane translocation.

    Evidence Reciprocal co-IP, P211 mutagenesis, confocal co-localization, siRNA, and cyclosporin A treatment

    PMID:15946952

    Open questions at the time
    • Trafficking compartments involved not fully mapped
    • Relationship to later Arf6/Rab recycling pathway unaddressed
  4. 2005 High

    Demonstrated an MMP-independent CD147 function in cytoskeletal architecture via integrin cooperation, conserved from fly to mouse.

    Evidence Drosophila loss-of-function with cross-species rescue, co-localization, and integrin-binding mutagenesis

    PMID:15928045

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking basigin-integrin to cytoskeletal rearrangement undefined
    • Mammalian cell relevance of the integrin role not tested directly
  5. 2009 High

    Identified platelet GPVI as a direct EMMPRIN receptor, extending CD147 function into adhesion under flow.

    Evidence Platelet perfusion assays, antibody blocking, GPVI transfection, ELISA, and SPR (Kd 88 nM)

    PMID:19350111

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream signaling from the GPVI-EMMPRIN interaction not defined
    • Physiological context established only later
  6. 2010 Medium

    Revealed CD147 as a SLAM-independent measles virus entry receptor acting through virion-incorporated cyclophilin B.

    Evidence Viral infection assays with CypB incorporation/inhibition and SLAM-positive versus negative cell comparison

    PMID:20147391

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Structural basis of CD147-CypB-virion engagement not resolved
  7. 2011 High

    Placed the EMMPRIN-GPVI axis in vivo, showing monocyte EMMPRIN drives platelet adhesion and vascular recruitment.

    Evidence In vitro flow perfusion, siRNA silencing, intravital microscopy, and carotid injury model

    PMID:21320284

    Open questions at the time
    • Intracellular signaling driving firm adhesion not dissected
  8. 2013 Medium

    Established reciprocal post-translational stabilization between CD147 and MCT1 and its functional requirement for glycolytic lactate export in myeloma.

    Evidence Co-IP, reciprocal siRNA, Western blot, and lactate export/proliferation assays

    PMID:24013424

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Does not address MCT4 dependency in this context
  9. 2015 Medium

    Identified CD147 as a VEGFR-2 co-receptor that potentiates angiogenic signaling, mapping the interacting extracellular residues.

    Evidence Co-IP, mutagenesis (residues 195/199), computational docking, and angiogenesis/tumor models

    PMID:25825981

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Stoichiometry and structural basis of the co-receptor complex unresolved
  10. 2016 Medium

    Defined a neuroplastin-β/EMMPRIN heterodimeric receptor that mediates S100A8/A9 inflammatory signaling, with EMMPRIN recruiting TRAF2.

    Evidence Co-localization, dual knockdown, receptor-ligand stimulation, and ERK/GRB2/TRAF2 recruitment assays

    PMID:27388991

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Later CRISPR data dispute CD147 as the dominant S100 receptor in monocytes
  11. 2017 Medium

    Showed cell-type-specific anti-apoptotic CD147 function in spermatocytes through TRAF2-dependent NFκB balance.

    Evidence Immunodepletion, CRISPR knockout, CD147-TRAF2 co-IP, and NFκB pathway analysis

    PMID:27902973

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Basis for spermatocyte versus spermatogonium specificity unexplained
  12. 2018 Medium

    Linked CD147 to liver fibrosis via PI3K/AKT-driven autocrine CXCL1 in hepatic stellate cells.

    Evidence HSC-specific conditional knockout, CCl4 fibrosis model, and PI3K/AKT inhibition

    PMID:29642635

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Direct CD147 partner upstream of PI3K/AKT not identified
  13. 2020 Medium

    Connected CD147 to invasion through GSK-3β/β-catenin-dependent cathepsin B induction and to glycolytic reprogramming via PI3K/Akt/mTOR.

    Evidence 3D invasion model, RNA-seq, cathepsin B activity assay, and gain/loss-of-function with pathway inhibition in HCC

    PMID:31965268 PMID:32727598

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory per study
    • Direct molecular link between CD147 and GSK-3β/PI3K not established
  14. 2021 High

    Uncovered methylation-dependent control of transporter trafficking, with KMT5A-mediated K234me2 driving MCT4 membrane translocation and lactate export.

    Evidence LC-MS/MS detection in patient tissue, co-IP, subcellular fractionation, and glycolysis assays

    PMID:33406400

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Demethylase and signals regulating K234me2 not identified
  15. 2021 Medium

    Defined a CD147-dependent mechanism for Treg stability through CD98-stimulated CDK2 retention that protects Foxp3 from degradation.

    Evidence Co-IP of CD147 intracellular domain with CDK2, Foxp3 phosphorylation/degradation assays, and in vivo CD98 manipulation

    PMID:34759371

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • How CDK2 retention drives Foxp3 dephosphorylation mechanistically unresolved
  16. 2021 Medium

    Clarified CD147's role in SARS-CoV-2 infection as ACE2-regulating and CyPA-independent, while infection was attenuated by CD147 blockade.

    Evidence CD147 blocking antibody, siRNA knockdown, ACE2 measurement, and viral infection assays

    PMID:34201214

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Mechanism by which CD147 regulates ACE2 not defined
  17. 2021 High

    Refuted direct CD147-spike binding, constraining proposed models of CD147 as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor.

    Evidence Recombinant protein binding assays with SEC and SPR plus antibody blocking, with positive control

    PMID:34378982

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not exclude indirect or co-factor-dependent contributions to infection
  18. 2022 Medium

    Established glycosylation as essential for CD147-TRAF2-TAK1 signaling in pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

    Evidence AAV9 cardiac-specific overexpression, glycosylation-site mutants, CD147-TRAF2 co-IP, and TAC model

    PMID:35096272

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Specific glycan structures controlling TRAF2 binding not defined
  19. 2023 High

    Defined a CD147-GLUT1 metabolic axis that reprograms keratinocyte glycolysis and epigenetics (α-KG–H3K9me3–BBOX1) in psoriasis.

    Evidence Epidermal-specific knockout, IMQ psoriasis model, CD147-GLUT1 co-IP, metabolomics, and ChIP

    PMID:37303600

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • Direct effect of CD147 on GLUT1 transport activity versus surface levels not separated
  20. 2023 Medium

    Identified CD147 as defining a miRNA-enriched EV subpopulation via interaction with hnRNPA2B1.

    Evidence EV subpopulation isolation, miRNA profiling, CD147-hnRNPA2B1 co-IP, and xenograft models

    PMID:36973758

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory
    • How CD147 directs hnRNPA2B1-dependent miRNA loading unresolved
  21. 2023 Medium

    Excluded CD147 as a functional S100 receptor in monocytes, attributing the inflammatory response to TLR4.

    Evidence CRISPR/Cas9 knockout in monocytes with S100A8/A9 stimulation and cytokine readout

    PMID:37056775

    Open questions at the time
    • Single laboratory negative result
    • Does not address CD147-S100 signaling in non-monocyte cell types such as keratinocytes
  22. 2024 High

    Demonstrated in vivo that myeloid CD147 drives atherosclerosis through TRAF6-IKK-IRF5 M1 polarization and GAS6-dependent efferocytosis suppression.

    Evidence Myeloid-specific knockout and overexpression in ApoE-/- mice, polarization and efferocytosis assays, and antibody treatment in humanized model

    PMID:38166463

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct receptor/ligand triggering myeloid CD147 signaling not identified
    • Link between CD147 and GAS6 secretion not mechanistically resolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How CD147's distinct extracellular interaction surfaces are selected to switch between transporter chaperoning, co-receptor signaling, and adhesion in a given cell remains unresolved.
  • No structural model integrating the transporter, GPVI, VEGFR-2, and TRAF-coupled functions
  • Rules governing which TRAF adaptor is engaged in which tissue are unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0038024 cargo receptor activity 3 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 3 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 3 GO:0140104 molecular carrier activity 3 GO:0098631 cell adhesion mediator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 4 GO:0005768 endosome 2 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 5 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-109582 Hemostasis 2 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 2 R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport 1
Partners
CAV1GLUT1GP6KDRSLC16A1SLC16A3SLC3A2TRAF2
Complex memberships
CD147-CD98hc transporter supercomplexCD147-MCT1 complexCD147-MCT4 complexneuroplastin-β/EMMPRIN heterodimer

Evidence

Reading pass · 24 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2004 CD147 associates specifically with caveolin-1 on the cell surface in a cholesterol-dependent manner within intermediate-density sucrose gradient fractions (distinct from the bulk caveolin-1 in low-density fractions). Mutagenesis showed CD147 Ig domain 2 is required for caveolin-1 association. Overexpression of caveolin-1 reduces CD147 cell-surface clustering; a CD147 mutant deficient in caveolin-1 binding shows enhanced spontaneous clustering and elevated MMP-1 induction. Thus caveolin-1 negatively regulates CD147 clustering and CD147-dependent MMP-1 induction. Co-immunoprecipitation, sucrose density gradient fractionation, cholesterol depletion, site-directed mutagenesis of CD147, caveolin-1 overexpression, cluster-specific mAb staining, MMP-1 induction assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 14707126
2005 CD147 selectively associates with three major transporter types at the cell surface: CD98 heavy chain (CD98hc)–L-type amino acid transporter complexes, ASCT2, and monocarboxylate transporters, as well as with epithelial cell adhesion molecule. CD147 and CD98hc play a central organizing role in these multicomponent complexes. siRNA knockdown of CD147 (and CD98hc) reduces cell proliferation and activates AMP-activated protein kinase, indicating disruption of cellular energy metabolism, consistent with a role for the CD147–CD98 supercomplex in coordinating lactate and amino acid transport. Covalent crosslinking, mass spectrometric protein identification, co-immunoprecipitation, RNA interference knockdown, AMPK activity assay Molecular & cellular proteomics High 15901826
2005 CD147 cell-surface expression is regulated intracellularly by cyclophilin 60 (Cyp60). CD147 co-immunoprecipitates with Cyp60 and they co-localize intracellularly by confocal microscopy. The interaction involves proline 211 of CD147; mutation of this residue abolishes co-immunoprecipitation with Cyp60 and reduces plasma membrane expression of CD147. siRNA-mediated suppression of Cyp60 phenocopies cyclosporin A treatment, reducing CD147 surface levels, indicating Cyp60 mediates CD147 translocation to the plasma membrane. Co-immunoprecipitation, confocal immunofluorescence, site-directed mutagenesis (P211 mutation), siRNA knockdown, cyclosporin A treatment The Journal of biological chemistry High 15946952
2005 Drosophila basigin (ortholog of BSG) interacts with integrin to regulate cell architecture independently of matrix metalloprotease activity. Basigin and integrin co-localize in cultured insect cells and in the visual system. Basigin-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements (lamellipodia formation) in cultured cells require integrin-binding activity. Loss of basigin from photoreceptors causes misplaced nuclei, rough ER, mitochondria and swollen axon terminals; these defects are rescued by either fly or mouse basigin, and genetic interaction experiments confirm basigin–integrin cooperation in cell structure. Drosophila genetics (loss-of-function, rescue with fly and mouse basigin), co-localization in cultured insect cells, mutagenesis of integrin-binding activity, in vivo phenotypic analysis Journal of cell science High 15928045
2009 Platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is identified as a novel receptor for EMMPRIN/CD147. EMMPRIN-Fc immobilized on surfaces supports ADP-stimulated platelet rolling that is blocked by anti-EMMPRIN or anti-GPVI antibodies but not by anti-P-selectin, anti-α4-integrin, or anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibodies. CHO cells stably transfected with GPVI show enhanced rolling on immobilized EMMPRIN-Fc. Direct binding is confirmed by modified ELISA and surface plasmon resonance with a dissociation constant of 88 nM. Platelet perfusion assay under flow conditions, antibody blocking, CHO cell stable transfection, ELISA binding assay, surface plasmon resonance Thrombosis and haemostasis High 19350111
2010 CD147/EMMPRIN functions as a functional entry receptor for measles virus (MeV) on epithelial cells independently of the known SLAM receptor. Cyclophilin B (CypB), a cellular ligand for CD147, is incorporated into MeV virions; inhibition of CypB incorporation significantly attenuates SLAM-independent infection on epithelial cells but has no effect on SLAM-dependent infection. This reveals a CD147-CypB-dependent viral entry pathway that does not require binding of the MeV hemagglutinin protein to CD147. Viral infection assays, CypB incorporation into virions (biochemical), inhibition of CypB incorporation, SLAM-positive vs. SLAM-negative cell comparison, CD147 functional characterization Journal of virology Medium 20147391
2011 Monocyte EMMPRIN/CD147 mediates firm adhesion to surface-adherent platelets and monocyte recruitment to the injured arterial wall. Antibody blockade and siRNA silencing of monocyte EMMPRIN substantially reduces monocyte firm adhesion to platelets at arterial and venous shear rates in vitro. In vivo, EMMPRIN-silenced monocytes show reduced platelet-monocyte aggregate formation in circulation and reduced recruitment to the injured carotid artery. Platelet GPVI is identified as the critical corresponding counter-receptor on platelets; blocking GPVI abolishes EMMPRIN-mediated monocyte–platelet interactions. In vitro perfusion assay under flow conditions, siRNA gene silencing, intravital microscopy, flow cytometry, in vivo carotid injury model Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis High 21320284
2013 In multiple myeloma cells, CD147 protein associates with MCT1 protein (confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation); siRNA-mediated downregulation of MCT1 decreases CD147 protein (and vice versa) at the protein level without affecting mRNA, indicating reciprocal post-translational stabilization. Knockdown of MCT1 (but not MCT4) decreases myeloma cell proliferation and lactate export, demonstrating functional dependency on the CD147–MCT1 complex for glycolytic metabolism. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, Western blotting, RT-PCR, lactate export assay, proliferation assay Cell cycle Medium 24013424
2015 EMMPRIN/CD147 acts as a novel co-receptor for VEGFR-2, directly interacting with it and regulating VEGF-induced VEGFR-2 activation, downstream signaling, and angiogenic outcomes in vitro and in vivo. Computational docking and mutagenesis studies identified a binding site in the extracellular domain of EMMPRIN near the membrane, containing residues 195/199, required for the interaction with VEGFR-2. Co-immunoprecipitation, site-directed mutagenesis, computational docking, in vitro angiogenesis assay, in vivo tumor model Oncotarget Medium 25825981
2016 Neuroplastin-β is identified as a receptor for S100A8 and forms homodimers and a heterodimer with EMMPRIN on the surface of normal human keratinocytes. Upon S100A8 stimulation, neuroplastin-β recruits GRB2 and activates ERK leading to keratinocyte proliferation, while EMMPRIN recruits TRAF2. Knockdown of both receptors suppresses cell proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine induction, indicating the neuroplastin-β/EMMPRIN heterodimeric receptor complex mediates S100A8/A9 signaling in skin inflammation. Co-localization, knockdown experiments, receptor-ligand stimulation assays, ERK phosphorylation measurement, GRB2/TRAF2 recruitment assays, transgenic mouse model The Journal of investigative dermatology Medium 27388991
2017 CD147 prevents extrinsic apoptosis specifically in mouse spermatocytes (but not spermatogonia) by interacting with TRAF2. Immunodepletion of CD147 triggers apoptosis via the extrinsic pathway with activation of non-canonical NFκB and suppression of canonical NFκB signaling, accompanied by decreased TRAF2. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of CD147 in the spermatocyte cell line GC-2 reproduces this phenotype. The same manipulation had no effect on NFκB signaling or TRAF2 in spermatogonia (GC-1 cells). CD147 immunodepletion, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, co-immunoprecipitation (CD147–TRAF2), Western blotting, apoptosis assays, NFκB signaling pathway analysis Oncotarget Medium 27902973
2019 CD147 endocytic recycling in liver cancer cells is controlled by ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) through concurrent activation of Rab5 and Rab22a GTPases. YIPF2, an ER-Golgi-resident transmembrane protein, acts as a Rab-GDF regulating three trafficking steps: Rab5 and Rab22a recruitment to endomembranes, CD147 endocytic recycling, and mature processing via the ER-Golgi route. Disruption of Arf6-mediated CD147 trafficking reduces cell-matrix/cell-cell adhesion, MMPs secretion, and migration/invasion of HCC cells. GST-RBD pull-down (Rab GTPase activation), confocal imaging, flow cytometry, biotin-labeled chase assays (endocytosis/recycling), MAPPIT screening, MSP-cDNA library screen, gelatin zymography, cell adhesion/invasion assays Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 31189879 31752956
2021 CD147 is di-methylated at lysine 234 (K234me2) by lysine methyltransferase KMT5A. This di-methylation promotes interaction between CD147 and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4), enhancing translocation of MCT4 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. Overexpression of CD147-K234me2 and KMT5A enhances glycolysis and lactate export in NSCLC cells; the modification was detected by LC-MS/MS in patient tissues. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (detection of K234me2 in patient tissues), co-immunoprecipitation, subcellular fractionation, glycolysis/lactate export assays, overexpression studies Cell metabolism High 33406400
2021 CD147 is required for Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) stability through cell-to-cell contact. CD147 on Tregs is stimulated by CD98 (widely expressed in the physiological environment), causing CD147's intracellular domain to bind CDK2 and retain it near the membrane, leading to Foxp3 dephosphorylation and prevention of Foxp3 degradation. Disruption of CD147–CD98 interaction destabilizes Foxp3 expression. Co-immunoprecipitation (CD147 intracellular domain–CDK2), cell contact assays, Foxp3 phosphorylation/degradation assays, in vivo Treg distribution analysis with CD98 conditional manipulation Cellular & molecular immunology Medium 34759371
2022 Glycosylated CD147 promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy via direct binding to TRAF2 and subsequent activation of TAK1 signalling. Cardiac-specific overexpression of wild-type CD147 in AAV9 mice promotes pressure overload-induced pathological remodeling, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis, whereas glycosylation-site mutants of CD147 markedly weaken these effects. This identifies glycosylation as essential for the CD147–TRAF2–TAK1 signalling axis in pathological cardiac remodeling. AAV9-mediated cardiac-specific CD147 overexpression, glycosylation-site mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation (CD147–TRAF2), transverse aortic constriction mouse model, Western blotting, oxidative stress and ferroptosis assays Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Medium 35096272
2024 Myeloid-specific CD147 promotes atherosclerotic plaque growth by driving M1 macrophage polarization via the TRAF6–IKK–IRF5 signaling pathway and by suppressing efferocytosis through inhibition of GAS6 secretion in pro-inflammatory macrophages. Myeloid-specific CD147 knockout in ApoE-/- mice ameliorates atherosclerosis, reduces iNOS-mediated late apoptosis, and enhances efferocytosis. Conversely, myeloid CD147 overexpression worsens these phenotypes. Myeloid-specific knockout and restricted overexpression mouse models (ApoE-/- background), macrophage polarization assays (LPS/IFN-γ stimulation), NO/RNS production measurement, GAS6 secretion assay, efferocytosis assays, in vivo atherosclerosis quantification, anti-CD147 antibody treatment in humanized transgenic model Circulation research High 38166463
2020 CD147 promotes collective invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by upregulating cathepsin B expression and activity. Mechanistically, CD147 activates β-catenin signaling by reducing GSK-3β expression, which drives cathepsin B transcription. CD147 upregulation was observed at the invasive front of tumor cell groups, and cathepsin B mediated the CD147-induced invasive phenotype in a 3D invasion model. 3D invasion model, RNA-sequencing, cathepsin B enzyme activity assay, Western blotting, immunostaining of human HCC specimens, siRNA knockdown Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Medium 32727598
2020 CD147 promotes glycolytic metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, with upregulated GLUT1 and MCT1 expression in CD147-overexpressing HCC cells and xenografts. CD147 gain/loss-of-function in HCC cell lines, nude mouse xenograft model, glycolysis measurement, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibition, immunohistochemistry Cancer immunology, immunotherapy Medium 31965268
2018 CD147 regulates CXCL1 secretion from hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, promoting HSC activation and liver fibrosis. Conditional knockout of CD147 in HSCs in mice alleviates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and reduces HSC activation. Overexpression of CD147 upregulates CXCL1, which acts in an autocrine manner to further activate HSCs. HSC-specific CD147 conditional knockout mice, CCl4 liver fibrosis model, CXCL1 secretion measurement, PI3K/AKT inhibitor treatment, overexpression studies International journal of molecular sciences Medium 29642635
2023 CD147 interacts with GLUT1 and is required for glucose uptake and glycolytic reprogramming in keratinocytes in psoriasis pathogenesis. Epidermal CD147 knockout in mice blocks glucose uptake and glycolysis, increases oxidative phosphorylation, and elevates carnitine and α-KG production. The elevated α-KG inhibits H3K9me3, increasing BBOX1 transcription, defining a CD147–α-KG–H3K9me3–BBOX1 metabolic axis. Epidermal-specific CD147 knockout mice, IMQ-induced psoriasis model, co-immunoprecipitation (CD147–GLUT1), non-targeted and targeted metabolomics, chromatin immunoprecipitation (H3K9me3), glucose uptake and glycolysis assays Research High 37303600
2023 CD147 and CD98 define a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles (CD147+ EVs) with substantially higher microRNA content than classical tetraspanin+ EVs. CD147 interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNPA2B1) to selectively enrich miRNAs into these vesicles. CD147+ EVs predominantly derive from cancer cells in mouse xenograft models. EV subpopulation isolation, miRNA content comparison, co-immunoprecipitation (CD147–hnRNPA2B1), mouse xenograft models, clinical sample analysis Journal of extracellular vesicles Medium 36973758
2021 SARS-CoV-2 infection and CD147 regulate ACE2 levels, and both CD147 blocking antibody and CD147 knockdown attenuate SARS-CoV-2 infection of host cells. However, CD147 binding to CyPA does not play a role in SARS-CoV-2 entry via CD147. CD147 regulates ACE2 levels and both receptors are affected by virus infection. CD147 blocking antibody treatment, siRNA knockdown, ACE2 level measurement, viral infection assay Cells Medium 34201214
2021 NEGATIVE FINDING: Human basigin (CD147) does not directly interact with the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RBD) or full-length spike. Using recombinant proteins, size exclusion chromatography, and surface plasmon resonance, no binding was detected between RBD/spike and recombinant human basigin expressed in E. coli or mammalian cells. Polyclonal anti-basigin IgG did not block SARS-CoV-2 infection of Vero E6 cells. Size exclusion chromatography, surface plasmon resonance, polyclonal antibody blocking of viral infection, recombinant protein binding assay mSphere High 34378982
2023 NEGATIVE FINDING: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of CD147 in ER-Hoxb8 monocytes had no effect on S100A8- or S100A9-induced cytokine release, in contrast to TLR4 knockout which abolished the S100-induced inflammatory response. TLR4, not CD147, is the dominant receptor for S100-triggered inflammatory activation of monocytes. CRISPR/Cas9 gene deletion in monocytes, S100A8/S100A9 stimulation, cytokine release measurement Frontiers in immunology Medium 37056775

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2006 Emmprin (basigin/CD147): matrix metalloproteinase modulator and multifunctional cell recognition molecule that plays a critical role in cancer progression. Pathology international 255 16792544
2005 EMMPRIN/CD147, an MMP modulator in cancer, development and tissue repair. Biochimie 249 15781323
2003 Basigin (CD147): a multifunctional transmembrane protein involved in reproduction, neural function, inflammation and tumor invasion. Histology and histopathology 246 12792908
2015 Basigin (CD147), a multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein with various binding partners. Journal of biochemistry 229 26684586
2007 CD147 immunoglobulin superfamily receptor function and role in pathology. Experimental and molecular pathology 229 17945211
2005 Roles of the multifunctional glycoprotein, emmprin (basigin; CD147), in tumour progression. Thrombosis and haemostasis 216 15711733
2010 Cyclophilin-CD147 interactions: a new target for anti-inflammatory therapeutics. Clinical and experimental immunology 203 20345978
2016 Endoscopy in patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy, including direct oral anticoagulants: British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines. Gut 183 26873868
2010 Cancer-related issues of CD147. Cancer genomics & proteomics 156 20551248
2006 Dealing with the family: CD147 interactions with cyclophilins. Immunology 155 16476049
2008 Hyaluronan, CD44 and Emmprin: partners in cancer cell chemoresistance. Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy 153 18490190
2016 Endoscopy in patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy, including direct oral anticoagulants: British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines. Endoscopy 142 26890676
2005 Metabolic activation-related CD147-CD98 complex. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 141 15901826
2004 Caveolin-1 regulates matrix metalloproteinases-1 induction and CD147/EMMPRIN cell surface clustering. The Journal of biological chemistry 138 14707126
2000 Expression of emmprin (CD147), a cell surface inducer of matrix metalloproteinases, in normal human brain and gliomas. International journal of cancer 131 10962435
2014 Importance of N-glycosylation on CD147 for its biological functions. International journal of molecular sciences 101 24739808
2010 CD147/EMMPRIN acts as a functional entry receptor for measles virus on epithelial cells. Journal of virology 90 20147391
2014 CD147: a novel modulator of inflammatory and immune disorders. Current medicinal chemistry 88 24372217
2010 CD147/basigin promotes progression of malignant melanoma and other cancers. Journal of dermatological science 85 20060267
2008 Direct epithelial-stromal interaction in corneal wound healing: Role of EMMPRIN/CD147 in MMPs induction and beyond. Progress in retinal and eye research 85 19056510
2005 Basigin (EMMPRIN/CD147) interacts with integrin to affect cellular architecture. Journal of cell science 85 15928045
2011 EMMPRIN (CD147/basigin) mediates platelet-monocyte interactions in vivo and augments monocyte recruitment to the vascular wall. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 81 21320284
2021 SARS-CoV-2 Entry: At the Crossroads of CD147 and ACE2. Cells 80 34201214
2010 Co-expression of CD147/EMMPRIN with monocarboxylate transporters and multiple drug resistance proteins is associated with epithelial ovarian cancer progression. Clinical & experimental metastasis 77 20658178
2014 Cyclophilin A and EMMPRIN (CD147) in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular research 76 24518139
2013 CD147 regulates the expression of MCT1 and lactate export in multiple myeloma cells. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 76 24013424
2014 CD147: regulator of hyaluronan signaling in invasiveness and chemoresistance. Advances in cancer research 71 25081536
2009 EMMPRIN (CD147) is a novel receptor for platelet GPVI and mediates platelet rolling via GPVI-EMMPRIN interaction. Thrombosis and haemostasis 71 19350111
2010 The many faces of EMMPRIN - roles in neuroinflammation. Biochimica et biophysica acta 70 20674741
2005 Cell surface expression of CD147/EMMPRIN is regulated by cyclophilin 60. The Journal of biological chemistry 68 15946952
2024 CD147 Sparks Atherosclerosis by Driving M1 Phenotype and Impairing Efferocytosis. Circulation research 67 38166463
2011 CD147 (Basigin/Emmprin) identifies FoxP3+CD45RO+CTLA4+-activated human regulatory T cells. Blood 67 21937704
2005 Increased EMMPRIN (CD 147) expression during oral carcinogenesis. Experimental and molecular pathology 67 16310185
2011 Expression of CD147 (EMMPRIN) on neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis enhances chemotaxis, matrix metalloproteinase production and invasiveness of synoviocytes. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 66 20455995
2014 Curcumin inhibits EMMPRIN and MMP-9 expression through AMPK-MAPK and PKC signaling in PMA induced macrophages. Journal of translational medicine 63 25241044
2014 CD147 (EMMPRIN/Basigin) in kidney diseases: from an inflammation and immune system viewpoint. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 62 25248362
2005 Clinicopathological significance of expression of paxillin, syndecan-1 and EMMPRIN in hepatocellular carcinoma. World journal of gastroenterology 58 15770719
2008 Role of emmprin/CD147 in tissue remodeling. Connective tissue research 57 18661337
2022 CD147 contributes to SARS-CoV-2-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Signal transduction and targeted therapy 56 36424379
2021 Di-methylation of CD147-K234 Promotes the Progression of NSCLC by Enhancing Lactate Export. Cell metabolism 55 33406400
2015 The role of EMMPRIN in T cell biology and immunological diseases. Journal of leukocyte biology 55 25977287
2022 CD147 and MMPs as key factors in physiological and pathological processes. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 54 36370522
2021 Human Basigin (CD147) Does Not Directly Interact with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein. mSphere 54 34378982
2016 Identification of an S100A8 Receptor Neuroplastin-β and its Heterodimer Formation with EMMPRIN. The Journal of investigative dermatology 54 27388991
2010 CD147/EMMPRIN and CD44 are potential therapeutic targets for metastatic prostate cancer. Current cancer drug targets 49 20370680
2018 Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer EMMPRIN (CD147) in Cardiovascular Disease. International journal of molecular sciences 47 29419744
2020 Enhanced glucose metabolism mediated by CD147 contributes to immunosuppression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 44 31965268
2019 Role of CD147 (EMMPRIN/Basigin) in Tissue Remodeling. Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) 44 30768865
2007 Expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN/CD147) in pancreatic neoplasm and pancreatic stellate cells. Cancer biology & therapy 44 17224648
2023 CD147: an integral and potential molecule to abrogate hallmarks of cancer. Frontiers in oncology 43 38023152
2020 CD147 promotes collective invasion through cathepsin B in hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 43 32727598
2006 Expression of EMMPRIN and matriptase in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus 42 17069593
2011 VEGF and EMMPRIN expression correlates with survival of patients with osteosarcoma. Surgical oncology 40 19836228
2008 Expression and clinical significance of CD147 in genitourinary carcinomas. The Journal of surgical research 40 19286191
2020 Cardiorenal Tissues Express SARS-CoV-2 Entry Genes and Basigin (BSG/CD147) Increases With Age in Endothelial Cells. JACC. Basic to translational science 39 33073064
2013 Proteomic analysis reveals that CD147/EMMPRIN confers chemoresistance in cancer stem cell-like cells. Proteomics 39 23554123
2018 CD147 Promotes CXCL1 Expression and Modulates Liver Fibrogenesis. International journal of molecular sciences 38 29642635
2015 EMMPRIN/CD147 is a novel coreceptor of VEGFR-2 mediating its activation by VEGF. Oncotarget 38 25825981
2009 Expression of EMMPRIN (CD147) on circulating platelets in vivo. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 38 19995409
2022 SARS-CoV-2 Employ BSG/CD147 and ACE2 Receptors to Directly Infect Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Podocytes. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 36 35517495
2023 CD147 Facilitates the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis through Glycolysis and H3K9me3 Modification in Keratinocytes. Research (Washington, D.C.) 35 37303600
2017 Repressing CD147 is a novel therapeutic strategy for malignant melanoma. Oncotarget 35 28445958
2014 The roles of CD147 and/or cyclophilin A in kidney diseases. Mediators of inflammation 35 25580061
2012 CD147-dependent heterogeneity in malignant and chemoresistant properties of cancer cells. The American journal of pathology 35 23178078
2012 Role of emmprin in endometrial cancer. BMC cancer 34 22640183
2020 EMMPRIN/CD147 plays a detrimental role in clinical and experimental ischemic stroke. Aging 33 32191628
2019 Arf6-driven endocytic recycling of CD147 determines HCC malignant phenotypes. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 33 31752956
2020 CD147 Expression Is Associated with Tumor Proliferation in Bladder Cancer via GSDMD. BioMed research international 32 32149134
2014 Expression and clinical implications of HAb18G/CD147 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology 31 24593119
2011 EMMPRIN (CD147) regulation of MMP-9 in bronchial epithelial cells in COPD. Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) 31 21355964
2019 Structural insights on druggable hotspots in CD147: A bull's eye view. Life sciences 30 30904494
2009 EMMPRIN expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology 30 19473445
2024 Engineered CD147-CAR macrophages for enhanced phagocytosis of cancers. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII 29 38954079
2019 The CD147-HYALURONAN Axis in Cancer. Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) 29 31090215
2023 The glycoprotein CD147 defines miRNA-enriched extracellular vesicles that derive from cancer cells. Journal of extracellular vesicles 28 36973758
2023 The roles of toll-like receptor 4, CD33, CD68, CD69, or CD147/EMMPRIN for monocyte activation by the DAMP S100A8/S100A9. Frontiers in immunology 28 37056775
2023 Role of CD147 in the development and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Frontiers in immunology 28 37090718
2014 Differential expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN/CD147) in avian tibial dyschondroplasia. Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A 28 25402545
2021 FOXO3-induced lncRNA LOC554202 contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma progression via the miR-485-5p/BSG axis. Cancer gene therapy 27 33654226
2017 Targeting CD147 is a Novel Strategy for Antitumor Therapy. Current pharmaceutical design 27 28699528
2019 YIPF2 is a novel Rab-GDF that enhances HCC malignant phenotypes by facilitating CD147 endocytic recycle. Cell death & disease 26 31189879
2017 Human Cytomegalovirus Encoded miR-US25-1-5p Attenuates CD147/EMMPRIN-Mediated Early Antiviral Response. Viruses 25 29194430
2014 CD147 in cardiovascular disease and thrombosis. Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis 25 25280014
2013 The role of EMMPRIN expression in ovarian epithelial carcinomas. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 25 23966157
2016 Gemcitabine enhances cell invasion via activating HAb18G/CD147-EGFR-pSTAT3 signaling. Oncotarget 24 27556697
2010 CD147 (EMMPRIN) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Pathology, research and practice 24 21144675
2017 CD147 regulates extrinsic apoptosis in spermatocytes by modulating NFκB signaling pathways. Oncotarget 23 27902973
2022 The Role of CD147 in Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy Is Regulated by Glycosylation. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 22 35096272
2022 EMMPRIN is an emerging protein capable of regulating cancer hallmarks. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 22 36196720
2021 Tocilizumab (TCZ) Decreases Angiogenesis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Through Its Regulatory Effect on miR-146a-5p and EMMPRIN/CD147. Frontiers in immunology 22 34975837
2018 BSG and MCT1 Genetic Variants Influence Survival in Multiple Myeloma Patients. Genes 21 29695106
2017 CD147 and glioma: a meta-analysis. Journal of neuro-oncology 21 28560663
2014 CD147 promotes melanoma progression through hypoxia-induced MMP2 activation. Current molecular medicine 21 24090196
2024 Initial therapeutic evidence of a borosilicate bioactive glass (BSG) and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle scaffold on implant-associated Staphylococcal aureus bone infection. Bioactive materials 20 38962659
2021 CD98-induced CD147 signaling stabilizes the Foxp3 protein to maintain tissue homeostasis. Cellular & molecular immunology 20 34759371
2020 Increased expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) and MMP10, MMP23 in inflammatory bowel disease: Cross-sectional study. Scandinavian journal of immunology 20 32853407
2020 Targeted degradation of CD147 proteins in melanoma. Bioorganic chemistry 20 33197849
2017 Atorvastatin attenuates plaque vulnerability by downregulation of EMMPRIN expression via COX-2/PGE2 pathway. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 20 28450907
2008 EMMPRIN modulates migration and deposition of TN-C in oral squamous carcinoma. Anticancer research 20 18751374
2021 lncRNA BSG-AS1 is hypoxia-responsive and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing BSG mRNA stability. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 19 34119821

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