Affinage

BMX

Cytoplasmic tyrosine-protein kinase BMX · UniProt P51813

Length
675 aa
Mass
78.0 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 45 papers cited in narrative 45 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 9/9 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

BMX (Etk) is a Tec-family nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, built from PH, SH3, SH2, and catalytic domains, that couples cell-surface receptor and PI3K signaling to cytoskeletal, survival, transcriptional, and angiogenic programs (PMID:7970727, PMID:9520419). Its activation is gated by PI3K-dependent membrane translocation through its PH domain and by Src, downstream of a broad set of receptors including TNFR2, Tie-2/VEGFR1/2, EGFR/ErbB3, IL-3R, and G-CSFR (PMID:9520419, PMID:10962576, PMID:11416142, PMID:12370298, PMID:17823122). Once active, BMX phosphorylates substrates bearing a priming phosphotyrosine in a pYY activation-loop motif, amplifying FAK and the insulin receptor and feeding into Akt signaling (PMID:23716717). BMX directly activates STAT transcription factors independently of JAK to drive differentiation and tumor-cell self-renewal, and in glioblastoma stem cells it bypasses SOCS3-mediated JAK2 inhibition to sustain STAT3 (PMID:9373245, PMID:21481791, PMID:29848664). Through its SH2 and PH domains BMX engages effectors that control migration and survival: it phosphorylates p130Cas to promote Cas-Crk complexes and membrane ruffling (PMID:12832404), phosphorylates BAK to hold it in an inactive conformation and confer chemoresistance (PMID:25649765), binds and stabilizes the androgen receptor while phosphorylating 3βHSD1 to enable androgen biosynthesis in castration-resistant prostate cancer (PMID:20570899, PMID:36647826), and phosphorylates PAR1 to drive its internalization and limit endothelial permeability (PMID:31910739). In the endothelium BMX is a node in angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, required for ischemic vascular recovery and acting nuclearly via its SH3 domain to transactivate the Vegfr2 promoter through Sp1 (PMID:16932810, PMID:31642192). BMX is also a necessary mediator of pressure-overload and angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, in part through kinase-independent functions revealed by kinase-dead knock-in mice (PMID:21471444, PMID:18988895, PMID:26430242). Caspase cleavage during apoptosis generates a hyperactive C-terminal fragment whose stability is set by Tyr566 phosphorylation acting on the N-end rule pathway (PMID:11278797, PMID:27601470). A reactive Cys496 in the ATP pocket forms an irreversible covalent bond that is the structural basis for inhibition by ibrutinib and irreversible EGFR inhibitors, validated by crystallography of the inactive, DFG-out-like enzyme (PMID:18667312, PMID:23594111, PMID:34458764).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 19 steps
  1. 1994 Medium

    Establishing that BMX is a bona fide enzyme: the cloned gene was shown to encode a multidomain (PH/SH3/SH2/kinase) nonreceptor tyrosine kinase with intrinsic catalytic activity.

    Evidence Transfection and immunoprecipitation of tyrosyl-phosphorylated BMX in COS and NIH3T3 cells

    PMID:7970727

    Open questions at the time
    • No upstream activators or substrates identified
    • Domain functions not yet dissected
  2. 1998 High

    Defining the upstream gate: BMX was placed as a PI3K effector activated by PH-domain-mediated membrane recruitment, explaining how receptors funnel into BMX activation.

    Evidence Wortmannin inhibition, constitutively active p110 and dominant-negative p85 epistasis in IL-6-stimulated cells; later GFP membrane translocation imaging

    PMID:10962576 PMID:9520419

    Open questions at the time
    • Some receptor inputs (EGFR) later shown PI3K-independent
    • Mechanism of membrane-induced conformational activation not resolved
  3. 1997 High

    Linking BMX to gene expression: it directly activates STAT1/3/5 DNA binding and STAT-dependent transcription independent of JAK, identifying a transcriptional output arm.

    Evidence EMSA, reporter assays, and PKC isoform co-expression in mammalian and insect cells

    PMID:9373245

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct STAT phosphorylation by BMX vs. indirect not fully separated here
    • Physiological STAT targets context-dependent
  4. 1999 High

    Placing BMX in the conserved Tec-kinase signaling logic: it reconstitutes PLCγ2-dependent calcium and ERK signaling in Btk-null cells, defining a shared role as amplifier of receptor-proximal signal transduction.

    Evidence Genetic reconstitution in Btk-deficient DT40 B cells with calcium and ERK readouts

    PMID:10224128

    Open questions at the time
    • Degree of functional redundancy with Btk/Tec in vivo unclear
  5. 2001 High

    Connecting BMX to migration and cytoskeletal machinery: it binds Pak1 via its PH domain and associates with cell-surface receptors (TNFR2, Tie-2, VEGFR1) and caveolin-1, embedding it in endothelial signaling complexes.

    Evidence Co-IP, GST-pulldown, in vitro kinase assays, receptor activation assays, and Bmx knockout/knock-in reporter mice

    PMID:11382770 PMID:11416142 PMID:11751885 PMID:12370298

    Open questions at the time
    • Bmx KO mice initially showed no overt phenotype, implying redundancy
    • Stoichiometry and assembly order of receptor complexes unresolved
  6. 2003 High

    Defining migration substrates and a VEGF axis: BMX phosphorylates p130Cas to drive Cas-Crk complexes and ruffling, and engages in reciprocal transactivation with VEGFR2 with Tyr566 recruiting PI3K p85.

    Evidence Co-IP, colocalization at ruffles, phospho-site mutants, migration assays, and Etk-deficient endothelial cells

    PMID:12483534 PMID:12832404 PMID:14532277

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether VEGF transactivation requires direct VEGFR2 phosphorylation by BMX not established
  7. 2004 High

    Establishing dual life/death control: BMX interacts with p53 via its SH3 domain to bidirectionally inhibit p53 and confer drug resistance, while EGF-activated BMX can also drive STAT1-dependent apoptosis.

    Evidence SH3 domain array, Co-IP, kinase and reporter assays, conditional activation systems

    PMID:14676838 PMID:15355990

    Open questions at the time
    • Determinants of pro- vs. anti-apoptotic outcome context-dependent and unresolved
  8. 2006 Medium

    Identifying allosteric activators: Pim-1 binds the BMX SH3 domain to activate it, possibly by competing with p53, linking BMX activity state to chemoresistance.

    Evidence Co-IP, GST-pulldown, kinase and drug-resistance assays in prostate cancer cells

    PMID:16186805

    Open questions at the time
    • Competition model with p53 inferred, not directly demonstrated
    • Single lab
  9. 2008 High

    Demonstrating in vivo vascular and inflammatory requirement: Bmx is required for ischemic arteriogenesis/angiogenesis and for receptor-induced inflammatory cytokine output, including a kinase-independent arthritis function.

    Evidence Bmx KO and constitutively active transgenic mice, hindlimb ischemia, bone marrow transplant; siRNA and TAK1-TAB epistasis with kinase-dead knock-in in K/BxN arthritis

    PMID:16932810 PMID:18025155 PMID:18292575 PMID:21471444

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanistic basis of kinase-independent in vivo function not defined
    • Cell-type-specific contributions only partly resolved
  10. 2008 High

    Establishing BMX as a cardiac hypertrophy mediator: loss of Bmx protects against pressure-overload hypertrophy, and BMX participates in PKC-ε/STAT3 cardioprotective complexes.

    Evidence Bmx KO mice with TAC and echocardiography; functional proteomics of PKC-ε complexes and RGD/STAT3 fractionation studies

    PMID:15191890 PMID:18612371 PMID:18988895

    Open questions at the time
    • Cardiomyocyte vs. endothelial source of relevant BMX initially ambiguous
    • Downstream effectors in heart incompletely mapped
  11. 2010 Medium

    Mapping prostate-cancer effectors: BMX stabilizes AR via SH2-domain binding (blocking AR-Mdm2) and binds PAR1 via its PH domain to drive invasion.

    Evidence Co-IP, SH2/PH domain mapping, PAR1 point mutants, invasion and migration assays in androgen-depleted conditions

    PMID:20559570 PMID:20570899

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct AR phosphorylation by BMX vs. binding-only stabilization not fully separated
    • Single lab for each interaction
  12. 2011 High

    Establishing a tumor stem-cell role: BMX maintains glioblastoma stem cell self-renewal by acting upstream of STAT3, with constitutively active STAT3 rescuing BMX loss.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown, CA-STAT3 rescue, neurosphere and intracranial tumor assays

    PMID:21481791

    Open questions at the time
    • Receptor input activating BMX in GSCs not defined here
  13. 2013 High

    Defining substrate specificity rules: BMX recognizes a priming pYY motif and phosphorylates the FAK and insulin-receptor activation loops to amplify RTK signaling into Akt.

    Evidence Positional scanning peptide library, in vitro kinase assays, RNAi, Bmx KO MEFs and liver with phospho-specific antibodies

    PMID:23716717

    Open questions at the time
    • Full physiological pYY substrate repertoire not enumerated
  14. 2015 High

    Mechanizing chemoresistance: BMX phosphorylates BAK to hold it inactive, so BMX silencing potentiates apoptosis; in parallel BMX is required for angiotensin II-driven cardiac hypertrophy through endothelial STAT3/mTORC1 signaling.

    Evidence Co-IP and BAK phosphorylation/activation assays with drug sensitivity; Bmx KO and kinase-dead knock-in mice with Ang II infusion and transcriptomics

    PMID:25649765 PMID:26430242

    Open questions at the time
    • BAK tyrosine site identity and structural consequence not fully defined
    • Endothelial-to-cardiomyocyte cross-talk signal not molecularly identified
  15. 2016 Medium

    Resolving regulation of the apoptotic fragment: caspase cleavage yields a hyperactive C-terminal BMX with an N-terminal tryptophan, and Tyr566 phosphorylation stabilizes it against N-end rule degradation to enable its pro-apoptotic function.

    Evidence Metabolic stability assays, proteasome inhibitors, Y566 mutagenesis, N-end rule reporters in PC3 cells

    PMID:11278797 PMID:27601470

    Open questions at the time
    • Upstream kinase for Tyr566 of the fragment not identified
    • Physiological contexts of fragment generation limited
  16. 2018 High

    Establishing a targeted therapeutic axis: AR directly represses BMX, so androgen deprivation derepresses BMX, which phosphorylates pYY motifs of multiple RTKs to drive castration-resistant prostate cancer; BMX also bypasses SOCS3 to sustain STAT3 in glioblastoma, sensitizing both to ibrutinib.

    Evidence AR ChIP, castration/xenograft models, anti-pYpY substrate antibody, BMX-IN-1 and ibrutinib; SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 assays and intracranial GBM models

    PMID:29848664 PMID:30012673

    Open questions at the time
    • Full set of RTKs amplified in CRPC not exhaustively defined
  17. 2019 High

    Discovering a nuclear transcriptional role: BMX enters the endothelial nucleus via its SH3 domain and transactivates the Vegfr2 promoter by acting on Sp1 in a kinase-dependent manner.

    Evidence NLS/NES-tagged and kinase-dead constructs, fractionation, luciferase reporters, and Sp1 ChIP

    PMID:31642192

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct Sp1 phosphorylation by nuclear BMX shown only as potential
    • Nuclear import mechanism beyond SH3 dependence unresolved
  18. 2020 High

    Defining endothelial barrier and structural mechanism: BMX directly phosphorylates PAR1 to drive internalization and restrain vascular leakage, and the covalent Cys496 inhibitor complex was crystallized in a DFG-out-like inactive state.

    Evidence Bmx KO mice in CLP sepsis with ECIS, Miles assay, PAR1 phosphorylation and PAR1-antagonist rescue; X-ray crystallography with molecular dynamics

    PMID:31910739 PMID:34458764

    Open questions at the time
    • Active-state BMX structure not determined
    • Reconciliation of PAR1 pro-invasive vs. barrier-protective roles across tissues incomplete
  19. 2023 High

    Adding a metabolic effector and disease links: BMX phosphorylates 3βHSD1 at Tyr344 to enable androgen biosynthesis in CRPC, and acts as a hypoxia/HIF-induced compensatory survival kinase in FLT3-ITD AML and a VEGF-A-driven mediator of endothelial VCAM-1 in atherosclerosis.

    Evidence Co-IP, pY344-specific and in vitro kinase assays, patient tissue and CRPC mouse models; CRISPR KO and inhibitors in AML; multiple BMX inhibitors and in vivo primate imaging in vascular models

    PMID:34536556 PMID:35611166 PMID:35797240 PMID:36647826

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct receptor input upstream of BMX in AML hypoxia not fully defined
    • Adipocyte Fas/BMX inflammatory axis from single Medium-confidence study

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How BMX integrates its many receptor inputs, intramolecular regulation, and the choice between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic outputs in a given cell remains unresolved.
  • No active-state structure to explain receptor-specific activation modes
  • Logic determining BAK/STAT-driven survival vs. STAT1/fragment-driven apoptosis undefined
  • In vivo substrate repertoire incompletely mapped

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 6 GO:0016740 transferase activity 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 3 GO:0008289 lipid binding 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 4 GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0005634 nucleus 1 GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 1
Pathway
R-HSA-1643685 Disease 5 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 5 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 4 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 3
Partners
ARBAK1BCAR1F2RFAKSTAT3TP53VEGFR2

Evidence

Reading pass · 45 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1994 BMX encodes a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase containing PH, SH3, SH2, and catalytic domains; immunoprecipitates of COS cells transfected with BMX and NIH3T3 cells expressing a BMX retrovirus contained a tyrosyl-phosphorylated BMX polypeptide, demonstrating intrinsic kinase activity. Transfection, immunoprecipitation, tyrosine phosphorylation assay Oncogene Medium 7970727
1997 BMX induces tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA-binding activity of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5, and activates STAT1- and STAT5-dependent transcriptional reporter genes, independent of JAK kinase activation; this BMX-mediated STAT activation is specifically inhibited by PKCδ but not PKCβ1, PKCε, or PKCζ. Transient transfection in mammalian and insect cells, EMSA, reporter gene assay, co-expression with PKC isoforms Blood High 9373245
1998 BMX (Etk) is an effector of PI3-kinase: wortmannin blocked IL-6-induced Etk activation, constitutively active p110 activated Etk in absence of IL-6, and dominant-negative p85 blocked IL-6-induced activation; IL-6-induced neuroendocrine differentiation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells was abrogated by dominant-negative Etk. Pharmacological inhibition (wortmannin), dominant-negative/constitutively active PI3K subunit overexpression, cellular differentiation assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 9520419
1998 BMX and Tec activate serum response factor (SRF) in synergy with constitutively active Gα12/13, in a Rho-dependent manner (C3-sensitive); kinase and TH domains of BMX are required for SRF activation; kinase-deficient Bmx inhibits Gα12/13- and thrombin-induced SRF activation. Transient transfection, reporter gene assay, C3 toxin treatment, dominant-negative mutant expression The EMBO journal High 9755164
1999 BMX reconstituted PLCγ2-dependent signaling (calcium mobilization, ERK/MAPK activation, apoptosis) in Btk-deficient DT40 B cells, demonstrating a common Tec-kinase role as amplifier of PLCγ2-dependent signal transduction. Genetic reconstitution in Btk-deficient DT40 cells, calcium flux assay, ERK activation assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 10224128
1999 Etk/BMX protects prostate cancer cells from apoptosis induced by PDT or thapsigargin; PI3K inhibitor LY294002 abolished Etk activity and increased apoptosis; dominant-negative Etk increased apoptosis, while Etk overexpression reduced it. Overexpression/dominant-negative Etk in LNCaP cells, pharmacological PI3K inhibition, PARP cleavage assay, DNA fragmentation Oncogene Medium 10362360
2000 BMX is catalytically activated by IL-3 and G-CSF receptors in a PI3K-dependent manner; GFP-tagged Bmx translocated to cellular membranes upon co-expression of constitutively active PI3K; overexpression of wild-type Bmx in 32D cells induced apoptosis with G-CSF, while kinase-dead Bmx allowed granulocytic differentiation. Kinase activity assay, GFP-live cell imaging/membrane translocation, PI3K inhibitors, overexpression of WT vs. kinase-dead Bmx in myeloid progenitor cells Oncogene High 10962576
2001 Etk/BMX directly associates with Pak1 via its N-terminal PH domain and phosphorylates Pak1 on tyrosine residues; this interaction was demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation and GST-pulldown; Etk expression increased proliferation and anchorage-independent growth in breast cancer cells. Transient transfection, co-immunoprecipitation, GST-pulldown, in vitro kinase assay, anchorage-independent growth assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 11382770
2001 Etk/BMX is required for neuropeptide (bombesin/neurotensin)-induced androgen-independent growth of LNCaP prostate cancer cells; Etk activation requires FAK and Src but not PI3K; dominant-negative Etk blocks bombesin-induced growth and AR activation. Dominant-negative kinase overexpression, reporter gene assay (PSA promoter/ARE), AR transactivation assay Molecular and cellular biology Medium 11713275
2001 Native BMX associates with endogenous caveolin-1 in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells; caveolin-1 expression reduces tyrosine phosphorylation of BMX/Btk family members; caveolin-1 scaffolding peptide suppresses the autokinase activity of purified recombinant Btk (functional model for BMX). Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous proteins in HUVECs, transient transfection, in vitro kinase assay with caveolin-1 scaffolding peptide The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 11751885
2001 Bmx is expressed downstream of Tie-2 and VEGFR-1 in arterial endothelial cells; activated Tie-2 induced tyrosyl phosphorylation of Bmx protein and both Tie-2 and VEGFR-1 stimulated Bmx tyrosine kinase activity; Bmx knockout mice were viable without obvious phenotype, indicating a redundant role. Bmx knock-in/knockout mice (lacZ reporter), receptor activation assays, kinase activity assay Molecular and cellular biology High 11416142
2001 Etk/BMX is proteolytically cleaved by caspases during apoptosis, generating a C-terminal fragment (containing SH2 and kinase domains) with ~4-fold higher kinase activity than full-length Etk; ectopic expression of this fragment sensitized PC3 cells to apoptosis. In vitro translation with [35S]-methionine, incubation with recombinant caspases/apoptotic extracts, in vitro kinase assay, ectopic expression in PC3 cells The Journal of biological chemistry High 11278797
2002 Etk/BMX forms a preexisting complex with TNFR2 in a ligand-independent manner through multiple Etk domains (PH, TH, SH2) and the C-terminal 16 amino acids of TNFR2; TNF activates Etk specifically through TNFR2 (not TNFR1); constitutively active Etk enhanced TNF-induced EC migration and tube formation while dominant-negative Etk blocked these. Co-immunoprecipitation, TNFR2-specific agonist, TNFR2-deficient cells, domain-deletion mutants, cell migration/tube formation assay Molecular and cellular biology High 12370298
2002 Etk activation alone is sufficient to transcriptionally induce VEGF expression independent of HRE under normoxia; Etk utilizes both MEK/ERK and PI3K/Pak1 pathways to activate VEGF transcription; exogenous VEGF stimulates Etk tyrosine phosphorylation, forming a reciprocal Etk-VEGF autoregulatory loop. Northern/Western analysis, transient transfection with reporter genes, pharmacological pathway inhibition, antisense oligonucleotides Oncogene Medium 12483534
2003 TNF induces reciprocal activation between Etk and VEGFR2 (transactivation complex); Etk phosphorylation at Tyr566 directly mediates recruitment of the p85 subunit of PI3K; TNF-induced EC migration requires VEGFR2-Etk-PI3K-Akt signaling, and is abolished in Etk-deficient ECs. Co-immunoprecipitation, VEGFR2-specific inhibitors, Etk-deficient ECs (genetic deletion), Akt/PI3K inhibitors, EC migration assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 14532277
2003 Bmx interacts with p130Cas at membrane ruffles, phosphorylates Cas on tyrosine residues, and promotes Cas-Crk complex formation; a Bmx mutant failing to interact with Cas fails to induce cell migration; dominant-negative Cas blocks Bmx-induced membrane ruffling and cell migration. Co-immunoprecipitation, colocalization (membrane ruffles), tyrosine phosphorylation assay, haptotactic migration assay, dominant-negative Cas expression The Journal of biological chemistry High 12832404
2004 Etk/BMX physically associates with p53 through its SH3 domain and the proline-rich domain of p53; DNA damage-induced p53 inhibits Etk activity; Etk-p53 interaction (primarily cytoplasmic) leads to bidirectional inhibition of both proteins' activities; Etk inhibition of p53 prevents BAK interaction with mitochondria and confers doxorubicin resistance. SH3 domain array screening, co-immunoprecipitation, kinase activity assay, siRNA knockdown, reporter gene assay (p53 transcriptional activity) The Journal of biological chemistry High 15355990
2004 EGF treatment induces Etk tyrosine phosphorylation; Etk overexpression potentiates EGF-induced apoptosis associated with STAT1 activation; kinase-domain deletion mutant EtkΔK blocks EGF-induced STAT1 activation and apoptosis; conditionally activated Etk alone (independent of EGF) stimulates STAT1 and induces apoptosis. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression, dominant-negative mutant, conditional activation system (ΔEtk:ER fusion), EMSA, reporter gene assay, flow cytometry Oncogene Medium 14676838
2004 Bmx is identified as a component of PKC-ε signaling complexes in cardiac tissue (functional proteomic analysis); Bmx is activated by nitric oxide in the heart concomitant with the late phase of cardioprotection; NO donor-induced Bmx expression is blocked by PKC inhibitor chelerythrine. Functional proteomics of PKC-ε complexes, in vivo NO donor treatment in rabbits, PKC inhibitor chelerythrine American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology Medium 15191890
2006 Pim-1 44 kDa isoform directly binds the SH3 domain of Etk/BMX via its N-terminal proline-rich motif, activating Etk kinase activity possibly by competing with p53; this interaction confers resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in prostate cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, GST-pulldown, kinase activity assay, drug resistance assay Oncogene Medium 16186805
2006 Bmx is required for ischemia-mediated arteriogenesis and angiogenesis in vivo; Bmx-KO mice showed markedly reduced recovery after hindlimb ischemia while constitutively active Bmx transgenic mice showed enhanced recovery; bone marrow transplantation showed Bmx in bone marrow-derived cells plays a critical role in early ischemic tissue remodeling. Bmx genetic knockout and transgenic mice, hindlimb ischemia model, bone marrow transplantation, histological quantification of vessels The Journal of clinical investigation High 16932810
2007 Bmx is activated by tyrosine phosphorylation downstream of Src and PI3K in PTEN-deficient prostate cancer cells; Bmx associates with ErbB3 in LNCaP cells and heregulin-β1 enhances this interaction and Bmx activity; EGF stimulates a Bmx-EGFR interaction and rapidly increases Bmx kinase activity in a Src-dependent but PI3K-independent manner. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, kinase activity assay, pharmacological inhibitors (Src, PI3K) The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 17823122
2007 Bmx regulates TLR4-induced IL-6 production in human macrophages by targeting the IL-6 3' UTR to increase mRNA stabilization via a p38 MAPK-independent pathway; Btk knockdown reduced TNF-α but not IL-6 production, demonstrating distinct roles. RNA interference, LPS stimulation, cytokine ELISA, mRNA stability assay Blood Medium 18025155
2008 BMX is required for TNF-, IL-1β-, and TLR agonist-induced IL-8 secretion; BMX acts downstream of or at the TAK1-TAB complex level; BMX membrane localization (via its PH domain) is required for IL-8 promoter regulation; genetic deletion of BMX protects from K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis, but kinase-inactive BMX knock-in did not protect, revealing a kinase-independent in vivo function. Transient depletion (siRNA), epistasis analysis with TAK1-TAB, PH domain mutants, myristylation rescue, Bmx KO mice and kinase-inactive knock-in, passive K/BxN arthritis model Journal of immunology High 21471444
2008 BMX is associated with MyD88, FAK, and Mal in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (by co-immunoprecipitation); LPS and protein I/II induce phosphorylation of Etk/BMX and Mal via a FAK-dependent pathway; knockdown of Bmx or Mal inhibits IL-6 synthesis in response to LPS. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, phosphorylation assays Journal of immunology Medium 18292575
2008 BMX is activated by RGD integrin stimulation in adult cardiomyocytes and co-distributes with STAT3 in detergent-insoluble fractions in pressure-overloaded myocardium; BMX and STAT3 form a complex and are co-phosphorylated in vivo without accompanying JAK2 activation; dominant-negative c-Src failed to block RGD-stimulated STAT3 or BMX changes. In vivo pressure overload model (feline RVPO), RGD peptide stimulation of cardiomyocytes, subcellular fractionation, co-immunoprecipitation, dominant-negative adenovirus International journal of biological sciences Medium 18612371
2008 Loss of Bmx prevents pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice; Bmx-KO mice were resistant to TAC-induced cardiac growth and preserved ejection fraction, establishing Bmx as a necessary mediator of pressure overload hypertrophic signaling. Bmx knockout mice, transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model, echocardiography, organ/cell-level hypertrophy quantification Circulation research High 18988895
2008 Clinical-stage irreversible EGFR inhibitors (e.g., CI-1033) potently and covalently inhibit Bmx by modifying Cys496 within the ATP-binding pocket. Biochemical kinase inhibition assay, sequence alignment, covalent modification analysis Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Medium 18667312
2010 Etk/BMX directly interacts with the androgen receptor (AR) through its SH2 domain; this interaction prevents AR-Mdm2 association, stabilizing AR under androgen-depleted conditions; Etk overexpression increases AR tyrosine phosphorylation in prostate cancer cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, SH2 domain mapping, phosphorylation assay, androgen-depleted culture, siRNA knockdown Cancer research Medium 20570899
2010 Etk/BMX binds PAR1 via its PH domain to a seven-residue region (C378–S384) in the PAR1 C-tail; this binding enables subsequent Shc association; hPar1-7A mutant incapable of Etk binding is unable to drive invasion; Etk knockdown inhibits PAR1-induced cell migration. Antibody array, co-immunoprecipitation, domain-deletion and point mutants (Y/A PAR1), Matrigel invasion assay, siRNA knockdown PloS one Medium 20559570
2011 BMX activates STAT3 in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) to maintain self-renewal and tumorigenic potential; BMX knockdown inhibits STAT3 activation and GSC transcription factor expression; constitutively active STAT3 rescues the effects of BMX knockdown, placing BMX upstream of STAT3. shRNA knockdown, constitutively active STAT3 rescue, intracranial tumor growth assay, neurosphere formation Cancer cell High 21481791
2013 BMX preferentially phosphorylates substrates with a priming phosphotyrosine at the -1 position (pYY motif); BMX phosphorylates FAK at Tyr577 subsequent to Src-mediated phosphorylation at Tyr576; BMX deficiency (RNAi or genetic KO in MEFs) markedly impairs FAK and insulin receptor kinase domain activation (pYY), as well as downstream Akt Thr308 phosphorylation. Positional scanning peptide library screening, in vitro kinase assay, RNAi, Bmx KO MEFs, Bmx KO mouse liver, phospho-specific antibodies Science signaling High 23716717
2013 BMX covalently modifies Cys496 in a selective and irreversible manner; structure-based drug design yielded BMX-IN-1 (irreversible inhibitor) with nanomolar potency against Tel-BMX-transformed cells; kinome profiling confirms selectivity. Structure-based drug design, kinome profiling, covalent modification assay, cell proliferation assay ACS chemical biology Medium 23594111
2015 BMX associates with BAK in viable cells and phosphorylates a key tyrosine residue on BAK needed to maintain it in an inactive conformation; elevated BMX prevents BAK activation upon chemotherapy treatment; BMX silencing potentiates BAK activation and renders tumor cells hypersensitive to chemotherapeutic agents. Co-immunoprecipitation, kinase assay (BAK phosphorylation), siRNA knockdown, BAK activation assay, drug sensitivity assay Cancer research High 25649765
2015 Angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy is significantly reduced in Bmx KO and kinase-inactive Bmx knock-in mice; Ang II increases Bmx phosphorylation in endothelial cells; Bmx silencing inhibits downstream STAT3 signaling in endothelial cells; Bmx inactivation suppresses mTORC1 pathway activation by Ang II; human cardiac endothelial cells but not cardiomyocytes express abundant Bmx, indicating an endothelial-cardiomyocyte cross-talk mechanism. Bmx KO and kinase-inactive knock-in mice, Ang II infusion, genome-wide transcriptomics, Bmx siRNA in endothelial cells, mTORC1/STAT3 phosphorylation assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 26430242
2016 Phosphorylation of tyrosine 566 of the caspase-generated C-terminal BMX fragment relatively inhibits its proteasomal degradation via the N-end rule pathway; the cleaved BMX fragment has an N-terminal tryptophan that targets it for N-end rule degradation; pY566 is required for the pro-apoptotic function of the fragment. Metabolic stability assay, proteasome inhibitors, site-directed mutagenesis (Y566), caspase cleavage in PC3 cells, N-end rule reporter assays The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 27601470
2018 BMX bypasses SOCS3-mediated inhibition of JAK2 to maintain STAT3 activation in GSCs; ibrutinib disrupts BMX-mediated STAT3 activation in GSCs but not in neural progenitor cells (which lack BMX and dampen JAK2/STAT3 via SOCS3); ibrutinib inhibits GBM growth and potentiates radiotherapy. Ibrutinib pharmacological inhibition, SOCS3 expression analysis, JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation assays, GSC vs. NPC comparison, intracranial tumor models Science translational medicine High 29848664
2018 AR directly suppresses BMX gene expression by binding to the BMX gene; BMX expression rapidly increases following androgen deprivation; BMX contributes to CRPC by phosphorylating the pYY activation loop motif of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases; a BMX substrate-specific anti-pYpY antibody confirmed in vivo pYY substrate phosphorylation correlated with BMX expression. AR ChIP, androgen deprivation/castration models, cell line and xenograft CRPC models, BMX-IN-1 and ibrutinib treatment, phospho-specific antibody (anti-pYpY) Cancer research High 30012673
2019 BMX localizes to the nucleus of endothelial cells via its SH3 domain; nuclear BMX (but not cytoplasm-targeted BMX) promotes Vegfr2 promoter activity by associating with and potentially phosphorylating transcription factor Sp1, increasing Sp1 binding to the Vegfr2 promoter; kinase-inactive BMX-K445R fails to promote Vegfr2 transcription. siRNA knockdown, luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation, NLS- and NES-tagged BMX constructs, kinase-inactive mutant Journal of cellular and molecular medicine High 31642192
2020 BMX directly phosphorylates PAR1 and promotes its internalization and deactivation in endothelial cells; BMX loss increases thrombin-PAR1-mediated endothelial permeability 2- to 3-fold; PAR1 antagonist SCH79797 rescues BMX-KO-mediated vascular leakage in sepsis. BMX global KO mice, cecal ligation and puncture sepsis model, electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS), Miles assay, PAR1 phosphorylation and internalization assays, pharmacological PAR1 antagonist rescue Circulation research High 31910739
2020 X-ray crystal structure of BMX covalently inhibited at Cys496 was determined; the structure reveals key interactions with Lys445 (critical for ATP catalysis) and a DFG-out-like inactive conformation. X-ray crystallography, covalent inhibitor design, kinase selectivity profiling, molecular dynamics simulations RSC chemical biology High 34458764
2023 BMX directly interacts with 3βHSD1 and phosphorylates it at Tyr344; this Y344 phosphorylation is required for 3βHSD1 cellular activity and generation of androgen/estrogen biosynthetic intermediates; in vivo blockade of 3βHSD1 Y344 phosphorylation inhibits CRPC. Co-immunoprecipitation of BMX and 3βHSD1, phospho-specific assay for pY344, in vitro kinase assay, patient tissue analysis, in vivo CRPC mouse model The Journal of clinical investigation High 36647826
2021 Fas interacts with BMX in adipocytes via the Tyr189 site of Fas and the SH2 domain of BMX; this Fas/BMX complex mediates TNF-α-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation and inflammatory cytokine release in adipocytes. Co-immunoprecipitation, site-directed mutagenesis (Fas Tyr189, BMX SH2), cytokine ELISA, NF-κB/MAPK activation assays Cancer letters Medium 34536556
2022 In FLT3-ITD+ AML, hypoxia upregulates BMX in an HIF-dependent manner; BMX promotes AKT/mTOR and pSTAT5 signaling as a compensatory survival mechanism during FLT3 inhibition; pharmacological BMX inhibition or genetic KO reduces chemokine secretion and restores gilteritinib sensitivity. RNA-Seq of patient samples, murine FLT3-ITD model, in vitro hypoxia experiments, pharmacological BMX inhibition, CRISPR KO, signaling pathway assays (pSTAT5, pAKT) Blood advances Medium 35797240
2022 VEGF-A signals through BMX to induce VCAM-1 expression in human aortic endothelial cells; ibrutinib blocks BMX activation by VEGF-A and eliminates VEGF-A-stimulated VCAM-1 expression; ibrutinib inhibits endothelial VCAM-1 and platelet deposition in atherosclerosis-prone nonhuman primate carotid arteries in vivo. Ibrutinib and pharmacologically distinct BMX inhibitors in HAECs, flow cytometry, contrast-enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging in vivo (nonhuman primate) Cellular and molecular bioengineering Medium 35611166

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2001 The Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases: mammalian Btk, Bmx, Itk, Tec, Txk and homologs in other species. BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 238 11340625
2011 Nonreceptor tyrosine kinase BMX maintains self-renewal and tumorigenic potential of glioblastoma stem cells by activating STAT3. Cancer cell 231 21481791
1998 Etk/Bmx, a tyrosine kinase with a pleckstrin-homology domain, is an effector of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase and is involved in interleukin 6-induced neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 210 9520419
1994 BMX, a novel nonreceptor tyrosine kinase gene of the BTK/ITK/TEC/TXK family located in chromosome Xp22.2. Oncogene 171 7970727
2001 Neuropeptide-induced androgen independence in prostate cancer cells: roles of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases Etk/Bmx, Src, and focal adhesion kinase. Molecular and cellular biology 157 11713275
2003 Etk/Bmx transactivates vascular endothelial growth factor 2 and recruits phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to mediate the tumor necrosis factor-induced angiogenic pathway. The Journal of biological chemistry 136 14532277
2018 Ibrutinib inactivates BMX-STAT3 in glioma stem cells to impair malignant growth and radioresistance. Science translational medicine 124 29848664
2002 Etk/Bmx as a tumor necrosis factor receptor type 2-specific kinase: role in endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. Molecular and cellular biology 114 12370298
1997 The Bmx tyrosine kinase induces activation of the Stat signaling pathway, which is specifically inhibited by protein kinase Cdelta. Blood 100 9373245
2006 The 44 kDa Pim-1 kinase directly interacts with tyrosine kinase Etk/BMX and protects human prostate cancer cells from apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic drugs. Oncogene 99 16186805
2018 Long-term Lactobacillus rhamnosus BMX 54 application to restore a balanced vaginal ecosystem: a promising solution against HPV-infection. BMC infectious diseases 97 29304768
2001 Etk/Bmx tyrosine kinase activates Pak1 and regulates tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 97 11382770
1998 Tec/Bmx non-receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in regulation of Rho and serum response factor by Galpha12/13. The EMBO journal 81 9755164
2006 Critical function of Bmx/Etk in ischemia-mediated arteriogenesis and angiogenesis. The Journal of clinical investigation 75 16932810
2001 Bmx tyrosine kinase has a redundant function downstream of angiopoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in arterial endothelium. Molecular and cellular biology 71 11416142
1997 Bmx tyrosine kinase is specifically expressed in the endocardium and the endothelium of large arteries. Circulation 68 9323053
1999 Etk/Bmx, a PH-domain containing tyrosine kinase, protects prostate cancer cells from apoptosis induced by photodynamic therapy or thapsigargin. Oncogene 66 10362360
2010 Compensatory upregulation of tyrosine kinase Etk/BMX in response to androgen deprivation promotes castration-resistant growth of prostate cancer cells. Cancer research 56 20570899
2007 Bmx tyrosine kinase regulates TLR4-induced IL-6 production in human macrophages independently of p38 MAPK and NFkapp}B activity. Blood 56 18025155
2002 Coordinating Etk/Bmx activation and VEGF upregulation to promote cell survival and proliferation. Oncogene 56 12483534
2003 p130Cas Couples the tyrosine kinase Bmx/Etk with regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration. The Journal of biological chemistry 53 12832404
1999 Reconstitution of Btk signaling by the atypical tec family tyrosine kinases Bmx and Txk. The Journal of biological chemistry 52 10224128
2001 Functional interaction of caveolin-1 with Bruton's tyrosine kinase and Bmx. The Journal of biological chemistry 48 11751885
2020 BMX Represses Thrombin-PAR1-Mediated Endothelial Permeability and Vascular Leakage During Early Sepsis. Circulation research 45 31910739
2006 Tyrosine kinase Etk/BMX is up-regulated in human prostate cancer and its overexpression induces prostate intraepithelial neoplasia in mouse. Cancer research 44 16912182
2013 Discovery of a selective irreversible BMX inhibitor for prostate cancer. ACS chemical biology 42 23594111
2012 BMX and its role in inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. International reviews of immunology 41 22449076
2005 Etk/Bmx mediates expression of stress-induced adaptive genes VEGF, PAI-1, and iNOS via multiple signaling cascades in different cell systems. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 38 15788485
2017 Hypoxia-induced upregulation of BMX kinase mediates therapeutic resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. The Journal of clinical investigation 37 29227282
2016 EPHA3 regulates the multidrug resistance of small cell lung cancer via the PI3K/BMX/STAT3 signaling pathway. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 37 27101199
2000 The Bmx tyrosine kinase is activated by IL-3 and G-CSF in a PI-3K dependent manner. Oncogene 37 10962576
1997 Predominant expression of murine Bmx tyrosine kinase in the granulo-monocytic lineage. Blood 37 9373244
2015 Endothelial Bmx tyrosine kinase activity is essential for myocardial hypertrophy and remodeling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 36 26430242
2004 Bi-directional regulation between tyrosine kinase Etk/BMX and tumor suppressor p53 in response to DNA damage. The Journal of biological chemistry 36 15355990
2008 Clinical stage EGFR inhibitors irreversibly alkylate Bmx kinase. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 33 18667312
2021 NBM-BMX, an HDAC8 Inhibitor, Overcomes Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma Multiforme by Downregulating the β-Catenin/c-Myc/SOX2 Pathway and Upregulating p53-Mediated MGMT Inhibition. International journal of molecular sciences 32 34072831
2015 BMX Negatively Regulates BAK Function, Thereby Increasing Apoptotic Resistance to Chemotherapeutic Drugs. Cancer research 32 25649765
2011 The tyrosine kinase BMX is an essential mediator of inflammatory arthritis in a kinase-independent manner. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 32 21471444
2008 Etk/BMX, a Btk family tyrosine kinase, and Mal contribute to the cross-talk between MyD88 and FAK pathways. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 32 18292575
2004 The role of tyrosine kinase Etk/Bmx in EGF-induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells. Oncogene 32 14676838
2007 Activation of nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Bmx/Etk mediated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase, epidermal growth factor receptor, and ErbB3 in prostate cancer cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 31 17823122
2017 BMX/Etk promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR and STAT3 pathways. Oncotarget 30 28514765
2016 Inhibition of PI3K/BMX Cell Survival Pathway Sensitizes to BH3 Mimetics in SCLC. Molecular cancer therapeutics 30 27197306
2008 STAT3 activation in pressure-overloaded feline myocardium: role for integrins and the tyrosine kinase BMX. International journal of biological sciences 30 18612371
2004 Bmx tyrosine kinase transgene induces skin hyperplasia, inflammatory angiogenesis, and accelerated wound healing. Molecular biology of the cell 29 15229285
1996 BMX tyrosine kinase gene is expressed in granulocytes and myeloid leukaemias. British journal of haematology 28 8790141
1988 Transcriptional properties of BmX, a moderately repetitive silkworm gene that is an RNA polymerase III template. Molecular and cellular biology 28 2832730
2018 BMX-Mediated Regulation of Multiple Tyrosine Kinases Contributes to Castration Resistance in Prostate Cancer. Cancer research 27 30012673
2017 miR-495 promotes the chemoresistance of SCLC through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition via Etk/BMX. American journal of cancer research 27 28401017
2016 Phosphorylation Impacts N-end Rule Degradation of the Proteolytically Activated Form of BMX Kinase. The Journal of biological chemistry 27 27601470
2008 Phylogeny of Tec family kinases identification of a premetazoan origin of Btk, Bmx, Itk, Tec, Txk, and the Btk regulator SH3BP5. Advances in genetics 27 19161832
2001 Proteolytic activation of ETK/Bmx tyrosine kinase by caspases. The Journal of biological chemistry 27 11278797
2012 Deletion of the endothelial Bmx tyrosine kinase decreases tumor angiogenesis and growth. Cancer research 26 22593188
2010 Etk/Bmx regulates proteinase-activated-receptor1 (PAR1) in breast cancer invasion: signaling partners, hierarchy and physiological significance. PloS one 26 20559570
2014 BMX acts downstream of PI3K to promote colorectal cancer cell survival and pathway inhibition sensitizes to the BH3 mimetic ABT-737. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 24 24709422
2013 Mini-review: bmx kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy. Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery 24 23198769
2019 BMX activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer. Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) 23 31728872
2013 Tyrosine kinase BMX phosphorylates phosphotyrosine-primed motif mediating the activation of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases. Science signaling 23 23716717
2008 Expression of tyrosine kinase Etk/Bmx and its relationship with AP-1- and NF-kappaB-associated proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncology 23 18196928
2023 BMX controls 3βHSD1 and sex steroid biosynthesis in cancer. The Journal of clinical investigation 22 36647826
2023 The X-linked Becker muscular dystrophy (bmx) mouse models Becker muscular dystrophy via deletion of murine dystrophin exons 45-47. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle 21 36628607
2014 The expression and role of tyrosine kinase ETK/BMX in renal cell carcinoma. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 21 24606948
2008 Loss of Bmx nonreceptor tyrosine kinase prevents pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Circulation research 21 18988895
2021 Fas signaling in adipocytes promotes low-grade inflammation and lung metastasis of colorectal cancer through interaction with Bmx. Cancer letters 20 34536556
2020 Discovery of a Novel Class of Covalent Dual Inhibitors Targeting the Protein Kinases BMX and BTK. International journal of molecular sciences 20 33291717
2008 Bmx regulates LPS-induced IL-6 and VEGF production via mRNA stability in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20 18402776
2015 NBM-T-BMX-OS01, an Osthole Derivative, Sensitizes Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells to Cisplatin through AMPK-Dependent Inhibition of ERK and Akt Pathway. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 19 26065336
2019 BMX-ARHGAP fusion protein maintains the tumorigenicity of gastric cancer stem cells by activating the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Cancer cell international 18 31130822
2016 Topically applied manganese-porphyrins BMX-001 and BMX-010 display a significant anti-inflammatory response in a mouse model of allergic dermatitis. Archives of dermatological research 18 27709295
2013 Anti-cancer activity of an osthole derivative, NBM-T-BMX-OS01: targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling and angiogenesis. PloS one 18 24312323
2014 Current understanding of tyrosine kinase BMX in inflammation and its inhibitors. Burns & trauma 17 27602372
2001 Etk/Bmx activation modulates barrier function in epithelial cells. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 16 11350762
2017 Discovery of 2-((3-Acrylamido-4-methylphenyl)amino)-N-(2-methyl-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzamido)phenyl)-4-(methylamino)pyrimidine-5-carboxamide (CHMFL-BMX-078) as a Highly Potent and Selective Type II Irreversible Bone Marrow Kinase in the X Chromosome (BMX) Kinase Inhibitor. Journal of medicinal chemistry 15 28140585
2011 Tyrosine kinase Etk/BMX protects nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells from apoptosis induced by radiation. Cancer biology & therapy 14 21339702
2023 Vamorolone improves Becker muscular dystrophy and increases dystrophin protein in bmx model mice. iScience 12 37534133
2014 Identification of a novel gene fusion (BMX-ARHGAP) in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Diagnostic pathology 12 25499959
2004 Bmx, a member of the Tec family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, is a novel participant in pharmacological cardioprotection. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 12 15191890
2014 The influence of BMX gene polymorphisms on clinical symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury. BioMed research international 11 24860816
2013 NBM-T-L-BMX-OS01, Semisynthesized from Osthole, Is a Novel Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylase and Enhances Learning and Memory in Rats. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 11 23606881
2022 Ibrutinib Inhibits BMX-Dependent Endothelial VCAM-1 Expression In Vitro and Pro-Atherosclerotic Endothelial Activation and Platelet Adhesion In Vivo. Cellular and molecular bioengineering 10 35611166
2022 BMX, a specific HDAC8 inhibitor, with TMZ for advanced CRC therapy: a novel synergic effect to elicit p53-, β-catenin- and MGMT-dependent apoptotic cell death. Cell communication and signaling : CCS 10 36575468
2022 BMX kinase mediates gilteritinib resistance in FLT3-mutated AML through microenvironmental factors. Blood advances 9 35797240
2020 Structural and biophysical insights into the mode of covalent binding of rationally designed potent BMX inhibitors. RSC chemical biology 9 34458764
2017 Discovery of (R)-5-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-7-((1-(vinylsulfonyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (B6) as a potent Bmx inhibitor for the treatment of NSCLC. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 9 28734581
2011 Suppression of Etk/Bmx protects against ischemic brain injury. Cell transplantation 9 21929872
2004 Bmx is a downstream Rap1 effector in VEGF-induced endothelial cell activation. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 9 15207703
2021 CHMFL-BMX-078, a BMX inhibitor, overcomes the resistance of melanoma to vemurafenib via inhibiting AKT pathway. Chemico-biological interactions 8 34813779
2018 Suppression of BMX-ARHGAP fusion gene inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells via RhoA-mediated blockade of JAK/STAT axis. Journal of cellular biochemistry 8 30216523
2011 Ligand-independent activation of the arylhydrocarbon receptor by ETK (Bmx) tyrosine kinase helps MCF10AT1 breast cancer cells to survive in an apoptosis-inducing environment. Biological chemistry 8 21861773
2017 A novel BMX variant promotes tumor cell growth and migration in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 7 28422715
2020 Lactobacillus rhamnosus BMX 54 + Lactose, A Symbiotic Long-Lasting Vaginal Approach to Improve Women's Health. International journal of women's health 6 33244276
2019 Nuclear localization of the tyrosine kinase BMX mediates VEGFR2 expression. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 6 31642192
2014 Sodium and potassium regulate endothelial phospholipase C-γ and Bmx. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology 5 24785188
2006 Expression of Etk/Bmx tyrosine kinase in the tumorigenicity of nasopharyngeal epithelium and its relation with EB virus infection and the apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2. Cancer letters 5 16458122
2025 Machine learning-based transcriptmics analysis reveals BMX, GRB10, and GADD45A as crucial biomarkers and therapeutic targets in sepsis. Frontiers in pharmacology 4 40230692
2015 BMX: a tool for computing bacterial phyletic composition from orthologous maps. BMC research notes 4 25756192
2008 Expression of Etk/Bmx tyrosine kinase in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Journal of surgical oncology 4 18270973
2025 Identification and experimental validation of BMX as a crucial PANoptosis‑related gene for immune response in Spinal Cord Injury. PloS one 3 40663577
2024 BMX deletion mitigates neuroinflammation induced by retinal ischemia/reperfusion through modulation of the AKT/ERK/STAT3 signaling cascade. Heliyon 2 38434304
2024 Preclinical spheroid models identify BMX as a therapeutic target for metastatic MYCN nonamplified neuroblastoma. JCI insight 2 39133652

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