| 2019 |
ATL3 functions as a receptor for tubular ER-phagy by specifically binding to GABARAP (but not LC3) subfamily proteins via two GABARAP interaction motifs (GIMs). This interaction is essential for ATL3-mediated selective autophagy of tubular ER upon starvation. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, binding assays, starvation-induced autophagy assays, fluorescence microscopy |
Current biology : CB |
High |
30773365
|
| 2019 |
HSAN I-associated ATL3 mutations Y192C and P338R disrupt ATL3's association with GABARAP and impair ATL3's function in ER-phagy, linking defective ER-phagy to the disease mechanism. |
Co-immunoprecipitation with mutant constructs, autophagy flux assays in cells expressing disease mutants |
Current biology : CB |
High |
30680846 30773365
|
| 2014 |
ATL3 is a dynamin-like GTPase enriched at three-way junctions of the tubular ER network. The disease-causing mutation p.Tyr192Cys causes mutant ATL3 to fail to localize to branch points and instead disrupts the tubular ER structure, suggesting a dominant-negative effect on ER morphology. |
Immunofluorescence microscopy of wild-type and mutant ATL3 localization in cells, patient-derived samples |
Brain : a journal of neurology |
High |
24459106
|
| 2017 |
Crystal structure of ATL3 reveals discrete temporal steps in the GTPase catalytic cycle, including nucleotide binding, hydrolysis, ATL dimerization, and phosphate release. The structure suggests a mechanism for displacement of the catalytic Mg2+ ion following GTP hydrolysis to reset the cycle. |
X-ray crystallography, biochemical GTPase assays comparing ATL1 and ATL3 isoforms |
Structure (London, England : 1993) |
High |
28602821
|
| 2016 |
Triple knockout of all three atlastins (Atl1/2/3) in mammalian NIH-3T3 cells using CRISPR/Cas9 markedly disrupts ER morphology, specifically impairing formation of three-way ER tubule junctions. This phenotype can be rescued by any single human atlastin or distant orthologs (Sey1p, RHD3), establishing atlastins as necessary for polygonal ER network formation. |
CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, rescue experiments with heterologous orthologs, fluorescence microscopy of ER morphology |
Experimental cell research |
High |
27669642
|
| 2019 |
ATL3 mutation Y192C reduces the complexity of the tubular ER network, delays ER export by reducing the number of ER exit sites, reduces autophagy, fragments the Golgi, and causes nuclear malformation. In primary neurons, ATL3 Y192C does not localize to the growing axon, resulting in axon growth deficits. |
Expression of disease mutant in cultured cells and primary neurons, patient-derived fibroblasts, immunofluorescence, autophagosome quantification |
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS |
High |
30666337
|
| 2019 |
Disease-causing ATL3 mutations (Y192C and P338R) increase the number of ER-mitochondria contact sites in HeLa cells and patient-derived fibroblasts, reflected in higher phospholipid metabolism, upregulated autophagy, augmented Ca2+ crosstalk between ER and mitochondria, and decreased mitochondrial motility. Neurons expressing these mutations show strongly decreased numbers of axonal mitochondria. |
Electron microscopy of ER-mitochondria contacts, Ca2+ imaging, mitochondrial motility tracking, phospholipid analysis, patient-derived fibroblasts, neuronal culture |
Human molecular genetics |
High |
30339187
|
| 2019 |
ATL3 interacts with Zika virus nonstructural proteins NS2A and NS2B3, is recruited to viral replication sites, and is required for efficient ZIKV replication. Depletion of ATL proteins significantly decreased intracellular viral protein levels and released virus. |
Co-immunoprecipitation of ATL3 with viral NS2A/NS2B3, siRNA knockdown, immunofluorescence colocalization at replication sites, viral titer measurements |
Journal of virology |
Medium |
31534046
|
| 2017 |
Atlastin3 (Atl3/Sey1p) localizes to early Legionella-containing vacuoles (LCVs) and is critical for LCV expansion and pathogen replication. GTP (but not GDP) catalyzes Sey1-dependent aggregation of purified ER-positive LCVs in vitro. A catalytically inactive dominant-negative GTPase mutant or ATL3 depletion restricts replication and impairs LCV maturation. |
Proteomic analysis of purified LCVs, in vitro LCV aggregation assay with GTP/GDP, dominant-negative mutant expression, siRNA knockdown, fluorescence and electron microscopy |
EMBO reports |
High |
28835546
|
| 2018 |
ATL3/Sey1 controls circumferential ER remodeling around the Legionella-containing vacuole. A dominant-negative Sey1_K154A mutant compromises ER accumulation on LCVs and causes aberrant ER morphology. |
Fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy of infected D. discoideum, dominant-negative mutant expression |
Communicative & integrative biology |
Medium |
30083282
|
| 2018 |
Lunapark (Lnp) localization to three-way ER junctions is dependent on ATL activity. Reintroduction of ATL1 R77A and ATL3 (which cluster at junctions) relocates Lnp to junctions, while wild-type ATL1 does not. Purified Lnp N-terminus inhibits ATL-mediated vesicle fusion in vitro, suggesting Lnp limits further ATL activity after junction formation. |
Deletion/mutation analysis, in vitro vesicle fusion assay with purified proteins, immunofluorescence, ATL KO cell rescue |
Protein & cell |
High |
30498943
|
| 2021 |
Crystal structures of ATL1 and ATL3 reveal the N-terminal hypervariable region (HVR) as an isoform-specific structural feature. The HVR of ATL1 positively affects membrane tethering and cellular ATL1 function, and is post-translationally regulated through phosphorylation. A kinase screen identified candidates that specifically modify this HVR site. |
X-ray crystallography of ATL1 and ATL3, in vitro membrane tethering assays, kinase screen, phosphorylation site mapping in cells |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
34546351
|
| 2011 |
ATL3 physically associates with STAT5a and STAT5b in cross-immunopanning assays. Upon STAT5a/b knockdown, ATL3 accumulates at cyst-zone boundaries of cystic ER, and ATL3 siRNA leads to effacement of these cyst-zone boundaries, indicating ATL3 is required to maintain the boundaries of the cystic ER phenotype. |
Magnetic-bead cross-immunopanning, siRNA knockdown, immunofluorescence microscopy |
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology |
Medium |
22159083 23151802
|
| 2023 |
Coronavirus ORF8 protein binds ATL3 (and FAM134B) and sequesters them into ORF8/p62 liquid droplets/condensates, inhibiting ER-phagy. This ER-phagy inhibition facilitates viral double-membrane vesicle (DMV) formation and activates ER stress. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, condensate/liquid droplet assays, ER-phagy flux assays, viral replication measurements, electron microscopy of DMVs |
Cell reports |
Medium |
36952345
|
| 2023 |
UVRAG localizes to ER-phagy sites upon starvation and interacts with ER-phagy cargo receptors including ATL3. UVRAG regulates oligomerization of cargo receptors and facilitates recruitment of Atg8 family proteins, promoting efficient ER-phagy site assembly and ER turnover. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, fluorescence microscopy, oligomerization assays, ER-phagy flux assays, gene knockdown |
The EMBO journal |
Medium |
37902287
|
| 2023 |
ATL3 is recruited to ER foci induced by simian virus 40 (SV40) during non-enveloped virus entry. ATL3 deploys its GTPase-dependent membrane fusion activity to promote formation of multi-tubular ER junctions within ER foci that serve as membrane penetration sites for SV40. ATL3 also engages the SV40-containing membrane penetration complex. |
Fluorescence and electron microscopy, ATL3 knockdown, dominant-negative GTPase mutant, co-immunoprecipitation with viral complex |
Journal of virology |
Medium |
37578227
|
| 2025 |
ATL3, together with RTN3L, shapes an ER tubulovesicular structure called the ER tubular body (ER-TB) under cellular stress. ER-TB formation mediates Golgi-independent unconventional protein secretion (UPS) of transmembrane proteins such as ΔF508-CFTR and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Individual knockdown of ATL3 inhibits ER-TB formation and UPS; combined supplementation of ATL3 and RTN3L induces ER-TB formation. |
Correlative light-electron microscopy, gene knockdown, overexpression, UPS assays for ΔF508-CFTR and spike protein trafficking |
Developmental cell |
High |
39919755
|
| 2024 |
RTN3L and ATL3 are both required for the formation of RTN3L-containing ER-phagy sites (ERPHS), while CALCOCO1 is not. ATL3 targets misfolded, aggregation-prone disease-causing proteins (same substrates as RTN3L) for autophagy, working in parallel with RTN3L and CALCOCO1 at different tubular ER sites. |
Colocalization microscopy, siRNA knockdown of individual receptors, autophagy flux assays with misfolded protein substrates |
Autophagy |
Medium |
38818751
|
| 2025 |
ATL3, together with RTN3L and LNP (LNPK), is required for the formation of ER foci that sequester misassembled FG-rich nucleoporins (FG-Nups). Preventing this sequestration impairs NPC nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, suggesting ATL3 participates in an ER-based quality control mechanism for misassembled nuclear pore components. |
siRNA/shRNA knockdown of RTN3, ATL3, and LNP, immunofluorescence, nuclear transport assays |
Journal of cell science |
Medium |
40079246
|