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ATG14

Beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator · UniProt Q6ZNE5

Length
492 aa
Mass
55.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 41 papers cited in narrative 41 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ATG14 is an autophagy-specific subunit of the class III PI3-kinase complex I (VPS34–VPS15–Beclin 1–ATG14) that functions at multiple stages of the autophagic pathway—from phagophore nucleation to autophagosome–lysosome fusion—and additionally acts as a lipophagy receptor on lipid droplets. ATG14 binds Beclin 1 in a mutually exclusive manner with UVRAG to define Complex I, recruits it to the ER via its N-terminal domain, and targets curved PI3P-enriched membranes through its C-terminal BATS domain, thereby stimulating VPS34 lipid kinase activity and omegasome/phagophore formation (PMID:18843052, PMID:20713597, PMID:21518905). ULK1 phosphorylates ATG14 at Ser29 downstream of mTORC1 inhibition to activate PI3K complex kinase activity, while ATG14 protein levels are controlled by ZBTB16–Cullin3–Roc1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation opposed by USP1 deubiquitination, and by MARCH7-mediated mixed-linkage polyubiquitination that reduces ATG14 solubility and its interaction with STX17 (PMID:27938392, PMID:25821988, PMID:39814232, PMID:37632749). At the fusion step, ATG14 homo-oligomerizes via cysteine repeats and directly binds the STX17–SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex to promote VAMP8 engagement and autophagosome–lysosome fusion; the BATS domain also targets ATG14 to lipid droplets where it serves as a lipophagy receptor interacting with ATG8 proteins and enhances ATGL/CGI-58-mediated lipolysis (PMID:25686604, PMID:38245527, PMID:37741434).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 17 steps
  1. 2008 High

    Identification of ATG14 as a distinct Beclin 1-binding partner resolved how the cell assembles two functionally separate VPS34 complexes—an autophagy-specific complex (with ATG14) versus an endosomal complex (with UVRAG).

    Evidence Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, and subcellular localization in mammalian cells

    PMID:18843052

    Open questions at the time
    • Precise stoichiometry of Complex I not yet determined
    • Mechanism by which ATG14 vs. UVRAG binding is mutually exclusive was unclear
  2. 2009 High

    Genetic knockout and biochemical reconstitution established that ATG14 is essential for autophagosome formation and enhances VPS34 lipid kinase activity, defining ATG14 as the activating subunit of PI3KC3 Complex I.

    Evidence ATG14L KO in mouse ES cells, in vitro VPS34 lipid kinase assay, GFP-fusion live imaging

    PMID:19270693 PMID:19270696

    Open questions at the time
    • How ATG14 enhances VPS34 catalysis at the structural level was unknown
    • Membrane targeting mechanism of ATG14 was not yet characterized
  3. 2010 High

    Demonstrating that ATG14 recruits PI3KC3 Complex I specifically to the ER and is required for omegasome formation answered where autophagosome biogenesis initiates and what targets the kinase there.

    Evidence Point mutagenesis of ER-targeting residues, domain-swap rescue in ATG14 KO ES cells, DFCP1 omegasome imaging

    PMID:20713597

    Open questions at the time
    • The identity of the ER membrane determinant recognized by ATG14 remained unresolved
    • Relationship between ER targeting and lipid sensing was unclear
  4. 2011 High

    Discovery of the C-terminal BATS domain as a curvature-sensing, PI3P-binding module explained how ATG14 selectively targets nascent autophagic membranes rather than flat ER.

    Evidence In vitro membrane-binding assay with liposomes of defined curvature, amphipathic helix mutagenesis, GFP-fusion localization

    PMID:21518905

    Open questions at the time
    • Atomic structure of the BATS domain was not solved
    • Whether BATS has additional lipid specificities beyond PI3P was untested
  5. 2012 High

    Structural and biophysical studies revealed that Beclin 1 forms a metastable antiparallel homodimer that ATG14 competes to disassemble, establishing the coiled-coil heterodimerization mechanism underlying Complex I assembly.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of Beclin 1 CCD, SAXS, mutagenesis of interface residues with autophagy rescue

    PMID:22314358 PMID:27383850

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-length ATG14–Beclin 1 heterodimer structure was lacking
    • How BECN2 competes with BECN1 for ATG14 was not yet resolved
  6. 2012 Medium

    ATG14 was shown to interact with Snapin and regulate endosome maturation independently of its Beclin 1-binding domain, revealing a non-canonical function in endocytic trafficking.

    Evidence Co-IP of ATG14L–Snapin, knockdown/rescue with domain mutants, receptor degradation kinetics

    PMID:22797916

    Open questions at the time
    • No independent replication of the Snapin interaction
    • Structural basis of ATG14–Snapin binding unresolved
    • Relative physiological importance versus autophagy role unclear
  7. 2014 High

    Identification of NRBF2 as a direct ATG14-binding partner acting through its MIT domain clarified how accessory factors fine-tune VPS34 activity within Complex I.

    Evidence Reciprocal co-IP, in vitro VPS34 kinase assay, NRBF2 KO mice with liver necrosis

    PMID:24849286 PMID:25086043

    Open questions at the time
    • Opposing effects of NRBF2 reported by two groups (activating vs. inhibitory) were unreconciled
    • Structural basis of NRBF2–ATG14 interaction not determined
  8. 2015 High

    In vitro reconstitution demonstrated that ATG14 homo-oligomerizes via cysteine repeats to tether membranes and directly stabilize the STX17–SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex, promoting VAMP8-mediated autophagosome–lysosome fusion—establishing ATG14 as a dual-function protein acting at both initiation and completion of autophagy.

    Evidence Reconstituted proteoliposome fusion assay, cysteine-repeat mutagenesis, co-IP of SNARE complexes, cellular autophagosome–lysosome fusion readout

    PMID:25686604 PMID:25945523

    Open questions at the time
    • How the transition from PI3K-activating to fusion-promoting ATG14 pools is regulated was unknown
    • Whether post-translational modifications regulate oligomerization was untested
  9. 2015 Medium

    Discovery that ATG14 is ubiquitinated and degraded by the ZBTB16–Cullin3–Roc1 E3 ligase downstream of GPCR signaling revealed a major proteostatic control node for autophagy.

    Evidence Ubiquitination assay, co-IP of E3 complex, GPCR ligand manipulation, Huntington's disease mouse model

    PMID:25821988

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific ubiquitin chain types mediating degradation were not mapped
    • Whether ZBTB16 targets a specific ATG14 pool (PI3K vs. fusion) was unclear
  10. 2016 High

    ULK1-mediated phosphorylation of ATG14 at Ser29, downstream of mTORC1 inhibition and bridged by ATG13, was identified as a key activating modification that stimulates VPS34 kinase activity and couples nutrient sensing to autophagy initiation.

    Evidence In vitro ULK1 kinase assay, phospho-Ser29 antibody, S29A mutagenesis, ATG13-mediated bridging co-IP, Huntington's disease mouse model

    PMID:27046250 PMID:27938392

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether additional ULK1 phosphorylation sites on ATG14 exist was unresolved
    • Structural mechanism by which pSer29 activates VPS34 not determined
  11. 2016 Medium

    The BATS domain was found to also bind PtdIns(4,5)P2, and PIPKIγi5-generated PI(4,5)P2 was shown to regulate ATG14 complex assembly, revealing an additional phosphoinositide input beyond PI3P.

    Evidence Lipid-binding assay, PIPKIγi5 knockdown/overexpression, co-IP of ATG14–VPS34–Beclin 1

    PMID:27621469

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contributions of PI3P vs. PI(4,5)P2 binding to BATS domain in vivo unresolved
    • No structural data for BATS–lipid interaction
  12. 2022 Medium

    SETD2 was shown to promote expression of the long ATG14 isoform (ATG14L) containing the N-terminal cysteine repeats required for autophagosome–lysosome fusion, linking epigenetic regulation to the choice between ATG14 functions.

    Evidence SETD2 loss-of-function, isoform-specific expression, autophagy flux, mutant HTT clearance assay

    PMID:36371383

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which SETD2 controls isoform choice (splicing vs. transcription) not fully defined
    • Single lab finding
  13. 2023 High

    MARCH7 was identified as an E3 ligase that attaches K6/K11/K63 mixed polyubiquitin chains to ATG14, reducing its solubility and disrupting its interaction with STX17—providing a non-degradative ubiquitin-based mechanism to specifically inhibit the fusion function of ATG14.

    Evidence Ubiquitin linkage-specific analysis, solubility fractionation, MARCH7 KO cells, STX17 co-IP with ubiquitination mutants

    PMID:37632749

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific lysine residues on ATG14 targeted by MARCH7 not mapped
    • Physiological signals activating MARCH7 toward ATG14 unclear
  14. 2023 High

    RUNDC1 was found to block autophagosome–lysosome fusion by stimulating ATG14 homo-oligomerization in a manner that clasps the STX17–SNAP29 complex and prevents VAMP8 engagement, demonstrating that oligomerization can be either pro-fusion or anti-fusion depending on context.

    Evidence Co-IP, SNARE complex assembly assay, phospho-S379 mutagenesis, zebrafish in vivo model

    PMID:37684417

    Open questions at the time
    • How RUNDC1-induced oligomerization differs structurally from the pro-fusion oligomer is unknown
    • Upstream kinase for RUNDC1 Ser379 not identified
  15. 2024 High

    ATG14 was established as a lipophagy receptor that targets lipid droplets via its BATS domain and engages ATG8 proteins, with STX18 acting as a counter-regulator by disrupting ATG14–ATG8 interactions; coronaviruses exploit this axis by displacing STX18 to induce lipophagy and degrade the antiviral protein Viperin.

    Evidence BATS domain mutagenesis, co-IP of ATG14–ATG8 and ATG14–STX18, lipid droplet imaging, viral replication assay

    PMID:38245527

    Open questions at the time
    • LIR/AIM motif in ATG14 mediating ATG8 binding not precisely mapped
    • Whether ATG14 lipophagy function is independent of PI3KC3 Complex I activity unclear
  16. 2024 High

    ATG14 was shown to directly enhance ATGL/CGI-58-mediated lipolysis at lipid droplets, establishing a non-autophagic lipid metabolic function for ATG14 at the lipid droplet surface.

    Evidence In vitro lipolysis assay, co-IP of ATG14–ATGL–CGI-58, BATS domain mutagenesis, hepatocyte and mouse liver ATG14 knockdown

    PMID:37741434

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ATG14 lipolytic function requires VPS34 or is entirely independent is not settled
    • Structural basis of ATG14–ATGL interaction unknown
  17. 2025 Medium

    USP1 was identified as the first deubiquitinase for ATG14, stabilizing it by removing ubiquitin and preventing proteasomal degradation, thereby promoting autophagy initiation.

    Evidence Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, USP1 knockdown/inhibition, proteasome inhibitor rescue, xenograft tumor model

    PMID:39814232

    Open questions at the time
    • Ubiquitin chain type removed by USP1 not determined
    • Whether USP1 opposes ZBTB16–Cul3 or MARCH7-mediated ubiquitination specifically is untested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include: the structural basis of ATG14 homo-oligomerization and how it is toggled between pro-fusion and anti-fusion states; how the PI3K-activating and SNARE-promoting pools of ATG14 are spatiotemporally segregated; the precise LIR/AIM motif mediating ATG14–ATG8 interaction in lipophagy; and whether the lipolytic function of ATG14 at lipid droplets is fully independent of PI3KC3 Complex I.
  • No high-resolution structure of full-length ATG14 or the homo-oligomer
  • Spatial regulation of distinct ATG14 functional pools not mapped in vivo
  • Relative contributions of ZBTB16, MARCH7, and USP1 to ATG14 ubiquitin homeostasis not integrated

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008289 lipid binding 4 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 4 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4
Localization
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 3 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 3 GO:0005811 lipid droplet 2 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 9 R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport 4 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 3
Partners
ATGLBECN1NRBF2PIK3C3PIK3R4SNAP29STX17UVRAG
Complex memberships
PI3KC3-C1 (VPS34-VPS15-Beclin1-ATG14)STX17-SNAP29-VAMP8 SNARE complex (regulatory partner)

Evidence

Reading pass · 41 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2008 ATG14 (mammalian Atg14) is a component of a distinct Beclin 1-Vps34-p150 PI3-kinase complex that is separate from the UVRAG-containing complex; ATG14 and UVRAG bind Beclin 1 in a mutually exclusive manner. The coiled-coil region of ATG14 required for binding Vps34 and Beclin 1 is essential for autophagy. ATG14 localizes to isolation membranes/phagophores during starvation, and its silencing suppresses autophagosome formation. Co-immunoprecipitation, subcellular fractionation/localization, siRNA knockdown, computational homology identification Molecular biology of the cell High 18843052
2009 ATG14L (Atg14L) and Rubicon are two Beclin 1-binding proteins that form distinct complexes with Beclin 1-hVps34; ATG14L and UVRAG bind Beclin 1 mutually exclusively while Rubicon binds only UVRAG complexes. GFP-ATG14L localizes to the isolation membrane, autophagosome, and ER. Knockout of ATG14L in mouse ES cells causes a defect in autophagosome formation. Co-immunoprecipitation, GFP-fusion live imaging, gene knockout in mouse ES cells Nature cell biology High 19270696
2009 ATG14L enhances Vps34 lipid kinase activity and upregulates autophagy. Beclin 1 and ATG14L synergistically promote formation of double-membraned organelles associated with Atg5 and Atg12. The Beclin 1-Vps34-p150-UVRAG-ATG14L complex was identified in vivo by mouse genetics and biochemistry. In vitro lipid kinase assay, co-immunoprecipitation from mouse tissue, forced expression/dominant-negative studies, electron microscopy Nature cell biology High 19270693
2010 ATG14L recruits the autophagy-specific PI3-kinase complex to the ER. ATG14L localizes to the ER and a point mutation causing defective ER localization also abolishes autophagy induction. Knockdown of ATG14L eliminates the DFCP1-positive omegasome. Restoring ER targeting by fusing the DFCP1 ER-targeting motif to the ER-localization-defective ATG14L mutant fully rescues autophagy in ATG14L-knockout ES cells. Point mutagenesis, domain-swap rescue, siRNA knockdown, fluorescence imaging of omegasomes, ATG14L KO ES cells The Journal of cell biology High 20713597
2011 The C-terminal BATS (Barkor/ATG14(L) autophagosome targeting sequence) domain of ATG14L targets PI3KC3 to autophagosomal membranes by binding to the membrane via an amphipathic alpha helix and preferentially recognizing highly curved membranes enriched in PtdIns(3)P. The BATS domain is required for PI3KC3 recruitment and autophagy stimulation. Bioinformatics, site-directed mutagenesis, GFP-fusion imaging, in vitro membrane-binding biochemical assay, membrane curvature sensing assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 21518905
2012 The Beclin 1 coiled-coil domain forms a metastable antiparallel homodimer with 'imperfect' a-d' pairings; ATG14L promotes transition from the metastable Beclin 1 homodimer to a Beclin1-ATG14L heterodimer. Beclin 1 mutants with enhanced self-interaction show altered binding to ATG14L. X-ray crystal structure of Beclin 1 CCD, co-immunoprecipitation, mutagenesis Nature communications High 22314358
2012 ATG14L binds to the SNARE effector protein Snapin and colocalizes with Snapin to facilitate endosome maturation. ATG14L knockdown delays late-stage endocytic trafficking (retarded receptor degradation kinetics). The Snapin-binding but not Beclin 1-binding activity of ATG14L is required for this endocytic function. Co-immunoprecipitation, knockdown, rescue with wild-type vs. binding mutants, surface receptor degradation kinetics assay Journal of cell science Medium 22797916
2013 ATG14 controls an autophagy-dependent phosphorylation of Beclin 1 at serines 90 and 93; phosphorylation at these sites is necessary for maximal autophagy. A unique membrane-association domain in Beclin 1 controls autophagosome size and number. Mutagenesis of phosphorylation sites, Western blot for phospho-Beclin 1, autophagy flux assays Molecular and cellular biology Medium 23878393
2014 NRBF2 directly binds ATG14L through its MIT domain and is a component of the ATG14L-Beclin 1-Vps34-Vps15 complex; NRBF2 enhances ATG14L-linked Vps34 kinase activity and promotes autophagy induction. NRBF2-deficient mice show impaired ATG14L-linked Vps34 activity and focal liver necrosis. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, NRBF2 knockout mice, domain binding analysis (MIT domain) Nature communications High 24849286
2014 Nrbf2 interacts with ATG14L and modulates ATG14L-Vps34/Vps15 interactions to suppress Vps34 activity and reduce PI3P levels, thereby suppressing autophagy. Nrbf2 deficiency increases intracellular PI3P and diminishes ATG14L-Vps34/Vps15 interactions. Co-immunoprecipitation, PI3P measurement, siRNA knockdown, isolation membrane marker co-localization The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 25086043
2014 Dapper1 (Dpr1) directly interacts with both Beclin 1 and ATG14L and enhances Beclin1-Vps34 interaction and Vps34 kinase activity to promote autophagosome formation. Loss of Dpr1 in the CNS causes motor coordination defects and p62/ubiquitinated protein accumulation. Co-immunoprecipitation, pulldown, Vps34 kinase assay, conditional CNS knockout mice, LC3/Atg14L/DFCP1 puncta assay Cell research Medium 24980960
2015 ATG14 promotes membrane tethering of protein-free liposomes and enhances hemifusion and full fusion of proteoliposomes reconstituted with t-SNAREs STX17/SNAP29 and v-SNARE VAMP8. ATG14 binds to the SNARE core domain of STX17 through its coiled-coil domain and stabilizes the STX17-SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex on autophagosomes. ATG14 homo-oligomerization via cysteine repeats is required for membrane tethering, fusion enhancement, and autophagosome-endolysosome fusion in cells; cells expressing homo-oligomerization-defective ATG14 form autophagosomes normally but are blocked in fusion with endolysosomes. In vitro reconstituted membrane fusion assay, proteoliposome tethering assay, co-immunoprecipitation, mutagenesis of cysteine repeats, cell biology with autophagosome-lysosome fusion readout Nature High 25686604
2015 ATG14 directly binds the STX17-SNAP29 binary complex on autophagosomes and promotes STX17-SNAP29-VAMP8-mediated autophagosome fusion with lysosomes. ATG14 homo-oligomerization is required for SNARE binding and fusion promotion but is dispensable for PI3K stimulation and autophagosome biogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation, biochemical pulldown, cell biology fusion assays, ATG14 homo-oligomerization mutants Autophagy High 25945523
2015 ATG14L is ubiquitinated and degraded via the ZBTB16-Cullin3-Roc1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. A wide range of GPCR ligands regulate ATG14L levels through ZBTB16, linking GPCR activation to suppression of autophagy. Co-immunoprecipitation of ZBTB16-Cullin3-Roc1 complex with ATG14L, ubiquitination assay, pharmacological GPCR manipulation, mouse model of Huntington's disease eLife Medium 25821988
2016 ULK1 phosphorylates ATG14 at serine 29 in an mTOR-dependent manner via interaction mediated by ATG13 (which bridges ULK1 to the ATG14-containing PI3K complex). This phosphorylation stimulates ATG14-Vps34 lipid kinase activity and facilitates phagophore and autophagosome formation. ATG14 phosphorylation is decreased in Huntington's disease models due to p62-mediated sequestration of ULK1. Phospho-specific antibody generation, in vitro kinase assay, mutagenesis (S29A), co-immunoprecipitation, HD mouse models (Q175), proteasomal inhibition experiments Molecular neurodegeneration High 27938392
2016 ATG13 mediates the interaction between ULK1 and the ATG14-containing PIK3C3/VPS34 complex. ULK1 phosphorylates ATG14 in a starvation/MTORC1-inhibition-dependent manner, stimulating PI3K complex kinase activity and autophagosome formation. ATG9A is required to suppress ULK1 activity under nutrient-rich conditions. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, phospho-ATG14 detection, ATG9A knockdown, ULK1 kinase assays in nutrient-deprivation conditions, in vivo dietary experiments Autophagy High 27046250
2016 ATG14's BATS domain also strongly binds PtdIns(4,5)P2. ATG14 specifically interacts with PIPKIγi5, an enzyme generating PtdIns(4,5)P2. PtdIns(4,5)P2 binding to the ATG14-BATS domain regulates ATG14 interaction with VPS34 and Beclin 1 and plays a key role in ATG14 complex assembly and autophagy initiation. Loss of PIPKIγi5 results in loss of ATG14/UVRAG/Beclin 1 and blocks autophagy. Co-immunoprecipitation, lipid-binding assay, PIPKIγi5 knockdown/overexpression, autophagy flux measurement Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 27621469
2016 PAQR3 functions as a scaffold protein that preferentially facilitates the formation of ATG14L-linked (but not UVRAG-linked) VPS34 complex. Upon glucose starvation, AMPK phosphorylates PAQR3 at threonine 32, switching on PI3P production via the ATG14-associated PI3K complex. Loss of PAQR3 reduces exercise-induced autophagy and ATG14L-associated VPS34 complex integrity. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro AMPK kinase assay, site-directed mutagenesis (T32), PI3P measurement, Paqr3 knockout mice The EMBO journal High 26834238
2016 SLC35D3, an ER-associated transmembrane protein expressed in midbrain dopaminergic neurons, enhances the formation of the BECN1-ATG14-PIK3C3 complex to induce autophagy. Loss of SLC35D3 (ros mutant mice) reduces dopaminergic neurons and impairs autophagy. Co-immunoprecipitation, ros mutant mouse analysis, dopaminergic neuron counting, autophagy flux measurement Autophagy Medium 27171858
2018 ULK1 phosphorylates Beclin 1 at Ser30 specifically in association with ATG14 (but not with UVRAG). This phosphorylation activates the ATG14-containing PIK3C3/VPS34 kinase complex and stimulates autophagosome formation in response to amino acid starvation, hypoxia, and MTORC1 inhibition. The S30A Beclin 1 mutation does not affect ULK1-mediated phosphorylation of Beclin 1 Ser15 or ATG14 Ser29. In vitro kinase assay, phospho-specific antibody, Ser30Ala mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation, autophagy flux and phagophore formation assays Autophagy High 29313410
2018 ULK1 O-GlcNAcylation at threonine 754 by OGT upon glucose starvation is required for binding and phosphorylation of ATG14L, enabling VPS34 activation, PI3P production, and autophagy initiation. O-GlcNAcylation site mapping, mutagenesis (T754), co-immunoprecipitation of ULK1-ATG14L, VPS34 kinase assay, PI3P measurement Cell reports Medium 30517873
2016 The BECN1 CCD forms an antiparallel homodimer (1.46 Å crystal structure); the ATG14 CCD is largely disordered alone but becomes more helical upon forming a parallel BECN1:ATG14 CCD heterodimer. The heterodimer is more curved than other BECN1-containing dimers. BECN1 homodimer interface residues also mediate ATG14 heterodimerization; mutations at these residues abrogate starvation-induced but not basal autophagy. X-ray crystallography (1.46 Å), SAXS, circular dichroism, co-immunoprecipitation, autophagy flux assays with mutants Biochemistry High 27383850
2012 FoxO transcription factors and core clock machinery (Clock/Bmal1) regulate Atg14 gene expression. FoxO-binding cis-elements and E-box elements are present in the Atg14 proximal promoter. Hepatic Atg14 knockdown elevates triglycerides in liver and serum; overexpression of Atg14 improves hypertriglyceridemia in high-fat diet mice and FoxO1/3/4 liver-specific KO mice. Luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, in vivo gene knockdown/overexpression in mouse liver, triglyceride measurement The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 22992773
2017 BECN2 CCD forms a metastable antiparallel homodimer; the BECN2 CCD forms a parallel heterodimer with the ATG14 CCD that is stabilized by conserved polar interactions. BECN2 binds ATG14 more tightly than BECN1. These structural differences dictate competitive ATG14 recruitment. X-ray crystallography, co-immunoprecipitation, mutagenesis, thermal stability assays Protein science High 28218432
2019 ATG14 interacts with Ulk1 and LC3. ATG14 contains a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-binding region; Ulk1 addition decreases ATG14-PE interaction, which is concomitant with increased LC3 lipidation, suggesting that Ulk1 sorts PE to LC3 during ATG14-mediated lipophagy. Co-immunoprecipitation, PE-binding assay, confocal microscopy, knockdown of Ulk1 Free radical biology & medicine Low 28069524
2019 Conditional deletion of ATG14 in the intestinal epithelium causes spontaneous villus loss and increased enterocyte apoptosis, rescued by TNF-blocking antibody or genetic deletion of Tnfr1. This places ATG14-dependent autophagy upstream of TNF-triggered apoptosis in intestinal homeostasis. Conditional KO (villin-Cre), histology, apoptosis markers, genetic epistasis with Tnfr1 KO, TNF-blocking antibody treatment Autophagy High 30894050
2020 GLIPR2 directly binds purified PtdIns3K-C1 (containing ATG14) and inhibits its in vitro lipid kinase activity. CRISPR-mediated GLIPR2 depletion increases autophagic flux and PI3P generation, identifying GLIPR2 as a negative regulator of the ATG14-containing PI3K complex. In vitro PI3K lipid kinase assay with purified PtdIns3K-C1, CRISPR-Cas9 KO, PI3P measurement, autophagy flux assay, WIPI2 recruitment Autophagy High 33222586
2020 Disruption of the Beclin 1-ATG14L protein-protein interaction by a small molecule selectively disrupts VPS34 Complex I formation and inhibits autophagy without affecting the UVRAG-Beclin 1 interaction (Complex II) or vesicle trafficking. NanoBRET cellular assay, high-throughput screen, co-immunoprecipitation of VPS34 complex components, autophagy flux readout Journal of the American Chemical Society Medium 32320221
2021 ATG14 is essential for restricting Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human iPSC-derived macrophages; ATG14 deletion increases replication of both wild-type Mtb and a mutant (ΔesxBA) that cannot trigger canonical autophagy. ATG14 regulates fusion of phagosomes containing Mtb with lysosomes. CRISPR-Cas9 deletion in human iPSDM, single-cell high-content imaging, Mtb replication quantification, phagosome-lysosome fusion assay Nature microbiology High 36959508
2021 Muscle-specific conditional KO of ATG14 leads to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with abnormal accumulation of autophagic cargoes in the heart and early mortality, and autophagic vacuolar myopathy with ubiquitin+/SQSTM1+ deposits in skeletal muscle. Conditional KO (Ckm-Cre), histology, autophagy cargo accumulation assays, cardiac function measurement Autophagy High 33794726
2022 SETD2 promotes expression of the long ATG14 isoform (ATG14L) that contains N-terminal cysteine repeats essential for efficient autophagosome-lysosome fusion; the short isoform ATG14S lacks this domain. SETD2 loss decreases autophagic flux and impairs clearance of mutant HTT. SETD2 loss-of-function, isoform-specific expression analysis, autophagy flux assays, mHTT clearance assay Cell death & disease Medium 36371383
2022 Miga (Drosophila ortholog), a mitochondrial outer-membrane protein regulating ER-mitochondria contact sites, binds ATG14 and Uvrag. Miga-mediated stabilization of Syx17 (STX17 ortholog) is dependent on Atg14. Miga-regulated ERMCSs are critical for PI3P formation but not for Syx17 stabilization. Co-immunoprecipitation, genetic epistasis in Drosophila, PI3P measurement, Syx17 protein stability assay Cell reports Medium 36323251
2023 MARCH7 (MARCHF7), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, ubiquitinates ATG14 with K6-, K11-, and K63-linked mixed polyubiquitin chains, triggering ATG14 aggregation and reducing its solubility. Ubiquitinated ATG14 has fewer interactions with STX17, inhibiting autophagy flux. MARCH7 depletion decreases aggresome-like induced structures (ALISs). Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay with linkage-specific analysis, solubility fractionation, STX17 co-IP with ubiquitination mutants, MARCH7 KO cells Cell reports High 37632749
2023 RUNDC1 is a novel ATG14-interacting protein that negatively modulates autophagy by blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. RUNDC1 stimulates ATG14 homo-oligomerization to prevent VAMP8 from binding STX17-SNAP29, clasping the ATG14-STX17-SNAP29 complex. Phosphorylation of RUNDC1 Ser379 is crucial for this inhibitory function. Co-immunoprecipitation, gain/loss-of-function in human cells and zebrafish, SNARE complex assembly assay, phospho-site mutagenesis Cell death and differentiation High 37684417
2023 Streptococcus pneumoniae CbpC interacts with the coiled-coil domain of ATG14 (Y83 of CbpC dp3 domain is critical), activating autophagy; simultaneously CbpC deploys ATG14 for autophagic degradation via ATG14-CbpC-p62/SQSTM1 axis, reducing ATG14-STX17 complex formation and suppressing antibacterial autophagy. Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mutagenesis, bacterial survival assay, ATG14-STX17 complex analysis EMBO reports Medium 32239622
2024 ATG14 targets lipid droplets (LDs) via its BATS domain and acts as an autophagic receptor for LD degradation (lipophagy) by interacting with ATG8 family proteins. STX18 (syntaxin 18) binds ATG14, disrupting ATG14-ATG8 interactions and PI3KC3-C1 complex formation. Coronavirus M protein binds STX18 to subvert the STX18-ATG14 interaction, inducing lipophagy and degrading the antiviral protein Viperin to facilitate virus production. Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mutagenesis (BATS domain), siRNA knockdown, fluorescence imaging of LDs, in vitro binding assays, viral replication assay Nature communications High 38245527
2024 ATG14's BATS domain is responsible for ATG14 localization to lipid droplets. ATG14 interacts with ATGL (adipose triglyceride lipase) and CGI-58 and enhances the ATGL-CGI-58 interaction. ATG14 deficiency decreases triglyceride hydrolysis in vitro, indicating ATG14 directly promotes lipolysis at lipid droplets. Fluorescence imaging, BATS domain mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation of ATGL and CGI-58, in vitro lipolysis assay, ATG14 knockdown in hepatocytes and mouse livers Metabolism: clinical and experimental High 37741434
2022 PI4K2A generates a pool of PI4P that facilitates recruitment of ATG14 to mature autophagosomes. PI4K2A binds to ATG14. Impaired ATG14 targeting to autophagosomes in PI4K2A-depleted cells is rescued by introduction of PI4P but not PI(4,5)P2, indicating PI4P and PI(4,5)P2 have independent functions in late-stage autophagy. PI4K2A depletion, PI4P/PI(4,5)P2 rescue experiments, co-immunoprecipitation, ATG14 localization imaging Biochemistry Medium 35380781
2024 GULP1 interacts with ATG14 and potentiates the stimulatory effect of ATG14 on PI3KC3-C1 activity. GULP1 facilitates targeting of ATG14 to the ER. GULP1 promotes APP entry into autophagic vacuoles and enhances APP processing; a GULP1 mutant disrupting the GULP1-ATG14 interaction attenuates these effects. Co-immunoprecipitation, PI3KC3-C1 kinase assay, ATG14-ER localization imaging, APP processing assay, GULP1 mutant rescue Cellular and molecular life sciences Medium 39080084
2025 USP1 deubiquitinates ATG14, stabilizing it by reducing bound ubiquitin levels and preventing proteasome-dependent degradation. USP1 depletion or inhibition reduces autophagy initiation and flux. USP1 is the first identified deubiquitinase for ATG14. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, USP1 overexpression/knockdown, proteasome inhibition rescue, xenograft tumor model The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 39814232
2025 Conditional depletion of ATG14 in the mouse oviduct causes severe structural abnormalities, abnormal embryo retention, and impaired embryo transport. Mechanistically, loss of ATG14 triggers unscheduled pyroptosis via mitochondrial integrity disruption. Pharmacological pyroptosis activation phenocopies the ATG14-KO embryo transport defect. Conditional KO (oviduct-specific Cre), histology, embryo transport assay, mitochondrial integrity assay, pharmacological pyroptosis induction eLife Medium 40100261

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2009 Two Beclin 1-binding proteins, Atg14L and Rubicon, reciprocally regulate autophagy at different stages. Nature cell biology 984 19270696
2008 Beclin 1 forms two distinct phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes with mammalian Atg14 and UVRAG. Molecular biology of the cell 957 18843052
2009 Distinct regulation of autophagic activity by Atg14L and Rubicon associated with Beclin 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase complex. Nature cell biology 815 19270693
2015 ATG14 promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes. Nature 463 25686604
2010 Autophagy requires endoplasmic reticulum targeting of the PI3-kinase complex via Atg14L. The Journal of cell biology 359 20713597
2021 HIF-1α-induced expression of m6A reader YTHDF1 drives hypoxia-induced autophagy and malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting ATG2A and ATG14 translation. Signal transduction and targeted therapy 325 33619246
2020 LncRNA PVT1 promotes gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer via activating Wnt/β-catenin and autophagy pathway through modulating the miR-619-5p/Pygo2 and miR-619-5p/ATG14 axes. Molecular cancer 316 32727463
2016 The ULK1 complex mediates MTORC1 signaling to the autophagy initiation machinery via binding and phosphorylating ATG14. Autophagy 270 27046250
2011 Autophagosome targeting and membrane curvature sensing by Barkor/Atg14(L). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 232 21518905
2012 The autophagy-related gene 14 (Atg14) is regulated by forkhead box O transcription factors and circadian rhythms and plays a critical role in hepatic autophagy and lipid metabolism. The Journal of biological chemistry 179 22992773
2015 Downregulation of ATG14 by EGR1-MIR152 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis by inhibiting cyto-protective autophagy. Autophagy 147 25650716
2012 Imperfect interface of Beclin1 coiled-coil domain regulates homodimer and heterodimer formation with Atg14L and UVRAG. Nature communications 142 22314358
2018 ULK1 phosphorylates Ser30 of BECN1 in association with ATG14 to stimulate autophagy induction. Autophagy 138 29313410
2016 ULK1-mediated phosphorylation of ATG14 promotes autophagy and is impaired in Huntington's disease models. Molecular neurodegeneration 121 27938392
2014 NRBF2 regulates autophagy and prevents liver injury by modulating Atg14L-linked phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase III activity. Nature communications 115 24849286
2019 miR-29c-3p inhibits autophagy and cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer by regulating FOXP1/ATG14 pathway. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 106 31885310
2009 Atg14 and UVRAG: mutually exclusive subunits of mammalian Beclin 1-PI3K complexes. Autophagy 99 19223761
2013 Role of membrane association and Atg14-dependent phosphorylation in beclin-1-mediated autophagy. Molecular and cellular biology 88 23878393
2015 G-protein-coupled receptors regulate autophagy by ZBTB16-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Atg14L. eLife 86 25821988
2011 Atg14: a key player in orchestrating autophagy. International journal of cell biology 76 22013444
2018 ULK1 O-GlcNAcylation Is Crucial for Activating VPS34 via ATG14L during Autophagy Initiation. Cell reports 72 30517873
2021 Augmenting ATG14 alleviates atherosclerosis and inhibits inflammation via promotion of autophagosome-lysosome fusion in macrophages. Autophagy 70 33849389
2015 ATG14 controls SNARE-mediated autophagosome fusion with a lysosome. Autophagy 70 25945523
2017 ATG14 facilitated lipophagy in cancer cells induce ER stress mediated mitoptosis through a ROS dependent pathway. Free radical biology & medicine 69 28069524
2016 PAQR3 controls autophagy by integrating AMPK signaling to enhance ATG14L-associated PI3K activity. The EMBO journal 65 26834238
2014 Dapper1 promotes autophagy by enhancing the Beclin1-Vps34-Atg14L complex formation. Cell research 62 24980960
2016 PtdIns(4,5)P2 signaling regulates ATG14 and autophagy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 60 27621469
2023 ATG7 and ATG14 restrict cytosolic and phagosomal Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human macrophages. Nature microbiology 59 36959508
2014 Nrbf2 protein suppresses autophagy by modulating Atg14L protein-containing Beclin 1-Vps34 complex architecture and reducing intracellular phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphate levels. The Journal of biological chemistry 59 25086043
2019 SNHG14 stimulates cell autophagy to facilitate cisplatin resistance of colorectal cancer by regulating miR-186/ATG14 axis. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 55 31704614
2014 Lipid droplet and early autophagosomal membrane targeting of Atg2A and Atg14L in human tumor cells. Journal of lipid research 53 24776541
2020 Beclin 1-ATG14L Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor Selectively Inhibits Autophagy through Disruption of VPS34 Complex I. Journal of the American Chemical Society 51 32320221
2018 MiR-129-5p inhibits autophagy and apoptosis of H9c2 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by targeting ATG14. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 45 30348524
2012 Beclin-1-interacting autophagy protein Atg14L targets the SNARE-associated protein Snapin to coordinate endocytic trafficking. Journal of cell science 45 22797916
2024 ATG14 targets lipid droplets and acts as an autophagic receptor for syntaxin18-regulated lipid droplet turnover. Nature communications 41 38245527
2018 Knockdown of Linc00515 Inhibits Multiple Myeloma Autophagy and Chemoresistance by Upregulating miR-140-5p and Downregulating ATG14. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 37 30121664
2020 GLIPR2 is a negative regulator of autophagy and the BECN1-ATG14-containing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex. Autophagy 35 33222586
2020 MicroRNA-375 Targets ATG14 to Inhibit Autophagy and Sensitize Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Sorafenib. OncoTargets and therapy 30 32431510
2019 Ubiquitin-specific protease USP36 knockdown impairs Parkin-dependent mitophagy via downregulation of Beclin-1-associated autophagy-related ATG14L. Experimental cell research 29 31550441
2019 Atg14 protects the intestinal epithelium from TNF-triggered villus atrophy. Autophagy 27 30894050
2016 Identification of BECN1 and ATG14 Coiled-Coil Interface Residues That Are Important for Starvation-Induced Autophagy. Biochemistry 25 27383850
2019 Hypoxia induces the activation of hepatic stellate cells through the PVT1-miR-152-ATG14 signaling pathway. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 24 31893334
2013 Silencing of Barkor/ATG14 sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin‑induced apoptosis. International journal of molecular medicine 24 24337183
2022 Inhibition of miR-130b-3p restores autophagy and attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration through mediating ATG14 and PRKAA1. Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death 23 35435532
2013 CCCP-Induced LC3 lipidation depends on Atg9 whereas FIP200/Atg13 and Beclin 1/Atg14 are dispensable. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 23 23402761
2020 miR-25-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits autophagy of renal cells in polycystic kidney mice by regulating ATG14-Beclin 1. Renal failure 22 32340512
2017 FoxO1-AMPK-ULK1 Regulates Ethanol-Induced Autophagy in Muscle by Enhanced ATG14 Association with the BECN1-PIK3C3 Complex. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research 22 28299793
2014 Lentivirus-mediated Bos taurus bta-miR-29b overexpression interferes with bovine viral diarrhoea virus replication and viral infection-related autophagy by directly targeting ATG14 and ATG9A in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells. The Journal of general virology 22 25234643
2020 Paeonol prevents lipid metabolism dysfunction in palmitic acid-induced HepG2 injury through promoting SIRT1-FoxO1-ATG14-dependent autophagy. European journal of pharmacology 21 32343969
2020 CTBP1‑AS2 inhibits proliferation and induces autophagy in ox‑LDL‑stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating miR‑195‑5p/ATG14. International journal of molecular medicine 20 32626936
2018 miR199a-5p inhibits hepatic insulin sensitivity via suppression of ATG14-mediated autophagy. Cell death & disease 20 29540751
2016 SLC35D3 increases autophagic activity in midbrain dopaminergic neurons by enhancing BECN1-ATG14-PIK3C3 complex formation. Autophagy 20 27171858
2022 ER-mitochondrial contact protein Miga regulates autophagy through Atg14 and Uvrag. Cell reports 19 36323251
2023 RUNDC1 inhibits autolysosome formation and survival of zebrafish via clasping ATG14-STX17-SNAP29 complex. Cell death and differentiation 18 37684417
2015 Toward an understanding of autophagosome-lysosome fusion: The unsuspected role of ATG14. Autophagy 18 25920502
2023 Electroacupuncture ameliorates AOM/DSS-induced mice colorectal cancer by inhibiting inflammation and promoting autophagy via the SIRT1/miR-215/Atg14 axis. Aging 17 38006398
2022 Plant UVRAG interacts with ATG14 to regulate autophagosome maturation and geminivirus infection. The New phytologist 17 35978547
2021 The Protective Mechanism of Dexmedetomidine in Regulating Atg14L-Beclin1-Vps34 Complex Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Journal of cardiovascular translational research 17 33914271
2019 Upregulation of lncRNA HAGLROS enhances the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via modulating miR-100/ATG14 axis-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signals. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology 16 31334669
2021 Down-regulation of circ_0058058 suppresses proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis in multiple myeloma through miR-338-3p/ATG14 pathway. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 15 34930344
2024 LncRNA HOTAIR regulates autophagy and proliferation mechanisms in premature ovarian insufficiency through the miR-148b-3p/ATG14 axis. Cell death discovery 14 38267415
2022 MiR-152-5p suppresses osteogenic differentiation of mandible mesenchymal stem cells by regulating ATG14-mediated autophagy. Stem cell research & therapy 14 35883156
2022 SETD2 transcriptional control of ATG14L/S isoforms regulates autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Cell death & disease 14 36371383
2024 Mitochondrial derived vesicle-carrying protein MIGA2 promotes copper-induced autophagosomes-lysosomes fusion by regulating ATG14. Journal of hazardous materials 13 38354437
2020 Streptococcus pneumoniae hijacks host autophagy by deploying CbpC as a decoy for Atg14 depletion. EMBO reports 13 32239622
2022 CircCBFB is a mediator of hepatocellular carcinoma cell autophagy and proliferation through miR-424-5p/ATG14 axis. Immunologic research 12 35066780
2022 YTHDF1 Protects Auditory Hair Cells from Cisplatin-Induced Damage by Activating Autophagy via the Promotion of ATG14 Translation. Molecular neurobiology 12 36097301
2021 ATG14 and RB1CC1 play essential roles in maintaining muscle homeostasis. Autophagy 11 33794726
2021 Weakened interaction of ATG14 and the SNARE complex blocks autophagosome-lysosome fusion contributes to fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 11 34953272
2011 Atg14L recruits PtdIns 3-kinase to the ER for autophagosome formation. Autophagy 11 21228623
2023 MARCH7-mediated ubiquitination decreases the solubility of ATG14 to inhibit autophagy. Cell reports 10 37632749
2021 NQO1 Deficiency Aggravates Renal Injury by Dysregulating Vps34/ATG14L Complex during Autophagy Initiation in Diabetic Nephropathy. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 10 33672316
2021 Inhibiting miR-129-5p alleviates inflammation and modulates autophagy by targeting ATG14 in fungal keratitis. Experimental eye research 10 34411602
2017 BECN2 interacts with ATG14 through a metastable coiled-coil to mediate autophagy. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 10 28218432
2022 Siglec-15-induced autophagy promotes invasion and metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells by activating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Beclin-1/ATG14 pathway. Cell & bioscience 9 35842729
2024 ATG14 and STX18: gatekeepers of lipid droplet degradation and the implications for disease modulation. Autophagy 8 38735055
2023 ATG14 plays a critical role in hepatic lipid droplet homeostasis. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 7 37741434
2022 PI4P-Dependent Targeting of ATG14 to Mature Autophagosomes. Biochemistry 7 35380781
2024 CircTBC1D22A inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer through autophagy regulated via miR-1825/ATG14 axis. iScience 6 38439965
2024 Coronavirus hijacks STX18-ATG14 axis-regulated lipophagy to evade an anti-viral effect. Autophagy 6 38477940
2024 Long non-coding RNA MLLT4 antisense RNA 1 induces autophagy to inhibit tumorigenesis of cervical cancer through modulating the myosin-9/ATG14 axis. Scientific reports 6 38493244
2023 PVT1 alleviates hypoxia-induced endothelial apoptosis by enhancing autophagy via the miR-15b-5p/ATG14 and miR-424-5p/ATG14 axis. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 6 37290278
2021 SNAP47 Interacts with ATG14 to Promote VP1 Conjugation and CVB3 Propagation. Cells 6 34440910
2016 Two-layer regulation of PAQR3 on ATG14-linked class III PtdIns3K activation upon glucose starvation. Autophagy 6 27124708
2025 USP1 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and autophagy by deubiquitinating ATG14. The Journal of biological chemistry 5 39814232
2023 Apigenin reduces the suppressive effect of exosomes derived from irritable bowel syndrome patients on the autophagy of human colon epithelial cells by promoting ATG14. World journal of surgical oncology 5 36915121
2023 Control of ATG14 solubility and autophagy by MARCHF7/MARCH7-mediated ubiquitination. Autophagy 5 37915253
2024 The cellular adaptor GULP1 interacts with ATG14 to potentiate autophagy and APP processing. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 4 39080084
2022 Molecular characterization and expression of the autophagy-related gene Atg14 in WSSV-infected Procambarus clarkii. Fish & shellfish immunology 4 35513250
2020 Streptococcus pneumoniae promotes its own survival via choline-binding protein CbpC-mediated degradation of ATG14. Autophagy 4 32508214
2024 PM2.5 regulates the progression of lung adenocarcinoma through the axis of HCG18, miR-195 and ATG14. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology 3 38724488
2023 KLF15 Transcriptionally Activates ATG14 to Promote Autophagy and Attenuate Damage of ox-LDL-Induced HAECs. Molecular biotechnology 3 37043109
2021 [miR-148b-3p inhibits the proliferation and autophagy of acute myeloid leukemia cells by targeting ATG14]. Xi bao yu fen zi mian yi xue za zhi = Chinese journal of cellular and molecular immunology 3 34670664
2012 The BECN1 coiled coil domain: an "imperfect" homodimer interface that facilitates ATG14 and UVRAG binding. Autophagy 3 22647755
2025 Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of an Autophagy Inhibitor That Targets the ATG14L-Beclin1 Protein-Protein Interaction Reveal Modifications That Improve Potency and Solubility and Maintain Selectivity. Journal of medicinal chemistry 2 39761421
2024 A novel fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based screening identified ATG14, the gene required for pexophagy in the methylotrophic yeast. FEMS yeast research 2 39025789
2023 The potent BECN2-ATG14 coiled-coil interaction is selectively critical for endolysosomal degradation of GPRASP1/GASP1-associated GPCRs. Autophagy 2 37409929
2023 Grouper Atg14 promotes Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) replication by inhibiting the host innate immune response. Fish & shellfish immunology 2 37689226
2021 [MicroRNA-424 inhibits autophagy and proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting ATG14]. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 2 34308850
2025 The autophagy protein ATG14 safeguards against unscheduled pyroptosis activation to enable embryo transport during early pregnancy. eLife 1 40100261