Affinage

ATG14

Beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator · UniProt Q6ZNE5

Length
492 aa
Mass
55.3 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
100 papers in source corpus 39 papers cited in narrative 39 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ATG14 (ATG14L/Barkor) is the autophagy-specific subunit that defines a distinct class III PI3-kinase complex with Beclin 1, Vps34, and p150, mutually exclusive with UVRAG-containing complexes and essential for autophagosome formation (PMID:18843052, PMID:19270696). Through its coiled-coil domain ATG14 binds Vps34 and Beclin 1, converting a metastable Beclin 1 homodimer into a stable, curved Beclin1–ATG14 heterodimer (PMID:22314358, PMID:27383850), and it enhances Vps34 lipid kinase activity to drive PI3P generation (PMID:19270693). ATG14 recruits this complex to the ER to establish the omegasome platform for autophagosome biogenesis; ER localization is required for autophagy, and its C-terminal BATS domain bears an amphipathic helix that senses highly curved PI3P/PI(4,5)P2-enriched autophagosomal membranes to target the complex (PMID:20713597, PMID:21518905). In a separable late-stage function, ATG14 directly binds the SNARE core of STX17 through its coiled-coil domain and, via cysteine-repeat-mediated homo-oligomerization, stabilizes the STX17–SNAP29 t-SNARE complex and tethers membranes to promote autophagosome–endolysosome fusion; oligomerization is dispensable for PI3K stimulation but required for fusion (PMID:25686604, PMID:25945523). ATG14 levels and activity are tightly regulated: ULK1 phosphorylates ATG14 at Ser29 to stimulate Vps34 activity (PMID:27938392, PMID:27046250), while turnover is controlled by ZBTB16-Cullin3 and MARCH7 E3 ubiquitination (inhibitory) (PMID:25821988, PMID:37632749) and USP1 deubiquitination (stabilizing) (PMID:39814232). Beyond degradative autophagy, ATG14 targets lipid droplets via its BATS domain, acting as an ATG8-binding autophagic receptor for lipophagy and as a direct enhancer of ATGL–CGI-58-mediated triglyceride hydrolysis (PMID:38245527, PMID:37741434). Tissue-specific loss of ATG14 produces intestinal epithelial apoptosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and vacuolar myopathy, reflecting its requirement for basal autophagy in vivo (PMID:30894050, PMID:33794726).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 2008 High

    Established that ATG14 nucleates a dedicated autophagy PI3-kinase complex, answering whether mammals have a discrete Vps34 complex committed to autophagosome formation.

    Evidence Co-IP, fluorescence localization, and siRNA knockdown with autophagosome readout in HeLa cells

    PMID:18843052

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve how the complex is targeted to membranes
    • Structural basis of subunit assembly unknown
  2. 2009 High

    Confirmed mutually exclusive ATG14- vs UVRAG-Beclin1 complexes and demonstrated ATG14 stimulates Vps34 lipid kinase activity, defining ATG14 as a positive regulator of autophagic PI3P output.

    Evidence Reciprocal Co-IP, GFP localization, lipid kinase assay, and ATG14L knockout in mouse ES cells

    PMID:19270693 PMID:19270696

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of Vps34 activation not defined
    • Membrane targeting determinant not identified
  3. 2010 High

    Showed ATG14 recruits the PI3K complex to the ER to generate PI3P and form omegasomes, identifying the ER as the autophagosome assembly platform.

    Evidence siRNA, point-mutagenesis rescue, ER-targeting domain swap, and KO ES cell complementation with omegasome imaging

    PMID:20713597

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not define the lipid/curvature signal sensed by ATG14
  4. 2011 High

    Identified the BATS domain as a curvature-sensing amphipathic helix that targets ATG14 to PI3P/PI(4,5)P2-enriched autophagosomal membranes, explaining membrane localization.

    Evidence Bioinformatics/mutagenesis, in vitro membrane binding and liposome curvature-sensing assays, cell imaging

    PMID:21518905

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of distinct phosphoinositides in vivo unresolved
  5. 2012 High

    Structural and biochemical work showed ATG14 stabilizes Beclin 1 from a metastable homodimer into a curved heterodimer, providing the assembly logic of the complex.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of Beclin 1 CCD with Co-IP and dimerization assays

    PMID:22314358

    Open questions at the time
    • Full-complex architecture with Vps34/Vps15 not solved
  6. 2012 Medium

    Linked ATG14 to additional functions: a Beclin 1-independent Snapin interaction in endosome maturation and a role in transcriptional/metabolic control of hepatic lipid homeostasis.

    Evidence Co-IP, domain-mutant rescue (Snapin); ChIP, reporter assays, and liver KD/OE with lipid measurements (FoxO/Clock)

    PMID:22797916 PMID:22992773

    Open questions at the time
    • Snapin interaction validated in a single lab
    • Direct transcriptional regulation vs indirect metabolic effect not fully separated
  7. 2015 High

    Demonstrated a separable late-autophagy function: ATG14 directly binds STX17 and, via homo-oligomerization, stabilizes the STX17-SNAP29 t-SNARE and promotes autophagosome-lysosome fusion.

    Evidence In vitro reconstituted membrane tethering/fusion with proteoliposomes, SNARE binding assays, oligomerization mutant cell lines

    PMID:25686604 PMID:25945523

    Open questions at the time
    • How biogenesis and fusion functions are temporally switched not defined
  8. 2016 High

    Established ULK1-mediated Ser29 phosphorylation of ATG14 as a stimulatory input coupling nutrient/mTOR status to Vps34 activation.

    Evidence Phospho-specific antibody, in vitro ULK1 and Vps34 kinase assays, ATG13-dependent Co-IP, HD mouse model

    PMID:27046250 PMID:27938392

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphatase reversing Ser29 not identified
  9. 2016 Medium

    Identified multiple positive regulators (NRBF2, PAQR3, PIPKIγ i5) feeding into ATG14-Vps34 activity and complex assembly, integrating metabolic and lipid cues.

    Evidence Co-IP, MIT/BATS binding assays, Vps34/PI3P kinase assays, KO mice (NRBF2, PAQR3); KD phenotypes

    PMID:24849286 PMID:25086043 PMID:26834238 PMID:27621469

    Open questions at the time
    • NRBF2 directionality on Vps34 activity conflicts between studies
    • PIPKIγ i5 and PAQR3 effects validated in single labs
  10. 2018 Medium

    Refined the ULK1 input by showing ATG14-complex-specific BECN1 Ser30 phosphorylation and an O-GlcNAcylation switch on ULK1 controlling ATG14 binding.

    Evidence In vitro ULK1 kinase assays, S30A mutagenesis, PIK3C3 activity assays; mass spec PTM mapping with OGT inhibitor studies

    PMID:29313410 PMID:30517873

    Open questions at the time
    • O-GlcNAc/ULK1 mechanism from single lab
    • Integration of Ser29 and Ser30 phosphorylation events not fully ordered
  11. 2020 High

    Identified GLIPR2 as a direct negative regulator of the ATG14-Beclin1 lipid kinase complex, expanding the network controlling PI3P output.

    Evidence In vitro lipid kinase assay with purified complex plus recombinant GLIPR2, CRISPR KO in cells and mice

    PMID:33222586

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological context selecting GLIPR2 inhibition unclear
  12. 2021 High

    In vivo conditional KO studies defined ATG14's tissue-essential roles, showing intestinal epithelial TNF-sensitive apoptosis and muscle vacuolar myopathy/cardiomyopathy.

    Evidence Tissue-specific conditional KO mice, histopathology, caspase markers, TNFR1 epistasis; comparison to RB1CC1 KO

    PMID:30894050 PMID:33794726

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether phenotypes reflect canonical autophagy loss or non-canonical ATG14 functions not fully separated
  13. 2023 Medium

    Defined opposing ubiquitin-dependent control of ATG14 abundance/activity and a clasp-based fusion brake, establishing ATG14 as a tightly regulated node.

    Evidence MARCH7 ubiquitination/solubility/STX17-binding assays; USP1 deubiquitination and proteasome rescue; RUNDC1 SNARE-assembly and oligomerization assays

    PMID:37632749 PMID:37684417 PMID:39814232

    Open questions at the time
    • RUNDC1 and USP1 mechanisms from single labs
    • Coordination among MARCH7, ZBTB16-Cul3, and USP1 unresolved
  14. 2023 Medium

    Showed ATG14 is targeted by pathogens and required for anti-bacterial autophagy, linking its STX17-fusion function to host defense.

    Evidence CRISPR KO in iPSC-derived macrophages with single-cell Mtb imaging; pneumococcal CbpC Co-IP and ATG14-STX17 complex/survival assays

    PMID:32239622 PMID:36959508

    Open questions at the time
    • CbpC decoy mechanism from single lab
    • Generality across other intracellular pathogens unknown
  15. 2024 High

    Revealed a degradation-independent metabolic role: ATG14 acts as a lipid-droplet autophagic receptor for lipophagy and directly potentiates ATGL-CGI58 lipolysis.

    Evidence BATS-domain LD-targeting mutagenesis, ATG8/STX18 Co-IP and lipophagy assays; ATGL-CGI58 Co-IP and in vitro lipolysis in ATG14-deficient hepatocytes/livers

    PMID:37741434 PMID:38245527

    Open questions at the time
    • Relationship between ATG14's receptor and lipase-activating roles not integrated
    • Switch between degradative and lipolytic functions undefined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How ATG14 switches between its early PI3P-generating biogenesis role and its late STX17-dependent fusion role, and how its many regulators are integrated in time, remains unresolved.
  • No temporal model coordinating biogenesis vs fusion functions
  • Full-length complex structure with membrane not solved
  • Hierarchy among phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and lipid cues unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008289 lipid binding 4 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 4 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 2
Localization
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 3 GO:0005811 lipid droplet 2
Pathway
R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 4 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 2 R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport 2
Partners
ATGLBECN1MARCHF7NRBF2PIK3C3/VPS34SNAP29STX17ULK1
Complex memberships
PI3KC3 complex I (VPS34-VPS15-Beclin1-ATG14)STX17-SNAP29 t-SNARE complex (binding partner)

Evidence

Reading pass · 39 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2008 Human ATG14 (mammalian homologue of yeast Atg14) forms a distinct class III PI3-kinase complex with Beclin 1, Vps34, and p150 that is mutually exclusive with UVRAG-containing complexes. ATG14 localizes to autophagic isolation membranes and its coiled-coil region required for binding Vps34 and Beclin 1 is essential for autophagosome formation; silencing ATG14 in HeLa cells suppresses autophagosome formation. Co-immunoprecipitation, subcellular fractionation/localization by fluorescence microscopy, siRNA knockdown with autophagosome formation readout, computational homology identification Molecular biology of the cell High 18843052
2009 ATG14L and UVRAG bind to Beclin 1 in a mutually exclusive manner, defining at least three distinct Beclin 1 complexes. GFP-ATG14L localizes to the isolation membrane, autophagosome, and ER. Knockout of ATG14L in mouse ES cells causes a defect in autophagosome formation. Co-immunoprecipitation, GFP-tagged protein localization by fluorescence microscopy, ATG14L knockout in mouse ES cells with autophagosome formation assay Nature cell biology High 19270696
2009 ATG14L (Atg14L) enhances Vps34 lipid kinase activity and upregulates autophagy, whereas Rubicon reduces Vps34 activity. ATG14L and Beclin 1 synergistically promote formation of double-membraned organelles associated with Atg5 and Atg12. In vivo biochemistry (large Beclin 1 complex characterization), PI3-kinase lipid kinase assay, immunofluorescence for double-membrane organelle formation, mouse genetics Nature cell biology High 19270693
2010 ATG14L recruits the class III PI3-kinase complex to the ER, where it generates PI3P to establish the ER as a platform for autophagosome formation. Knockdown of ATG14L eliminates DFCP1-positive omegasomes, and a point mutation causing defective ER localization also ablates autophagy induction; adding an ER-targeting motif to this mutant fully rescues autophagic defects in ATG14L KO ES cells. siRNA knockdown, point mutagenesis rescue experiments, ER-targeting domain swap, fluorescence microscopy of DFCP1/omegasome, ATG14L KO ES cell complementation The Journal of cell biology High 20713597
2011 The C-terminal BATS (Barkor/ATG14(L) autophagosome targeting sequence) domain of ATG14L is required for autophagosome targeting. BATS contains an amphipathic alpha helix that binds autophagosome membranes enriched in PtdIns(3)P and PtdIns(4,5)P2 and preferentially senses highly curved membranes; deletion of BATS abolishes PI3KC3 recruitment and autophagy stimulation. Bioinformatics and mutagenesis of BATS domain, fluorescence microscopy co-localization with Atg16/LC3/DFCP1, in vitro membrane-binding biochemical assay, liposome curvature-sensing assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 21518905
2012 The Beclin 1 coiled-coil domain forms a metastable antiparallel homodimer rendered unstable by 'imperfect' a-d' pairings; ATG14L (and UVRAG) promote transition of this metastable homodimer to stable Beclin1-ATG14L heterodimer. Beclin 1 mutants with enhanced self-interaction show altered binding to ATG14L. X-ray crystallography of Beclin 1 CCD, co-immunoprecipitation of mutants, biochemical homodimer/heterodimer formation assays Nature communications High 22314358
2012 ATG14L binds to the fusogenic SNARE effector protein Snapin and co-localizes with it to facilitate endosome maturation. The Snapin-binding activity of ATG14L is distinct from its Beclin 1-binding activity; a Snapin-binding mutant of ATG14L fails to rescue the endocytic trafficking delay caused by ATG14L knockdown, while a Beclin 1-binding mutant does rescue it. Co-immunoprecipitation, fluorescence co-localization, siRNA knockdown, domain mutant rescue assays measuring receptor degradation kinetics Journal of cell science Medium 22797916
2012 ATG14 is critical for an autophagy-dependent phosphorylation of Beclin 1 at serines 90 and 93; phosphorylation at these sites is necessary for maximal autophagy. A unique membrane association domain in Beclin 1 controls autophagosome size and number. Phosphorylation site mapping, site-directed mutagenesis of Beclin 1 S90/S93, autophagy flux assays, yeast genetic analysis of Atg6 domain Molecular and cellular biology Medium 23878393
2014 NRBF2 directly binds ATG14L through its MIT domain and is a component of the specific ATG14L-Beclin1-Vps34-Vps15 complex. NRBF2 binding to ATG14L enhances ATG14L-linked Vps34 kinase activity and autophagy induction; NRBF2-deficient mice show impaired ATG14L-linked Vps34 activity and autophagy with focal liver necrosis. Co-immunoprecipitation, MIT domain binding assay, Vps34 lipid kinase assay, NRBF2 KO mice with liver phenotype analysis Nature communications High 24849286
2014 NRBF2 (Nrbf2) interacts and co-localizes with ATG14L within the ATG14L-containing Beclin1-Vps34 complex. Nrbf2 deficiency leads to increased PI3P levels and diminished ATG14L-Vps34/Vps15 interactions, suggesting Nrbf2-mediated ATG14L-Vps34/Vps15 interactions inhibit Vps34 activity and suppress autophagosome biogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown of Nrbf2, PI3P measurement, fluorescence co-localization with isolation membrane markers The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 25086043
2015 ATG14 directly binds the SNARE core domain of STX17 (syntaxin 17) through its coiled-coil domain, stabilizing the STX17-SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex on autophagosomes. ATG14 homo-oligomerization via cysteine repeats is required for membrane tethering and for enhancing hemifusion and full fusion of proteoliposomes reconstituted with STX17, SNAP29, and VAMP8. ATG14 homo-oligomerization-defective cells form autophagosomes normally but block fusion with endolysosomes. In vitro reconstituted membrane tethering and fusion assays with protein-free liposomes and proteoliposomes, biochemical SNARE binding assay, homo-oligomerization mutant cell lines, autophagic flux assays Nature High 25686604
2015 ATG14 homo-oligomerization is required for binding the STX17-SNAP29 binary SNARE complex on autophagosomes and for promoting autophagosome-lysosome fusion, but is dispensable for PI3K stimulation and autophagosome biogenesis. This was confirmed using biochemical, cell biology, and genetic approaches showing ATG14 homo-oligomerization mutants lose SNARE binding and fusion-promoting activity while retaining PI3K activity. Biochemical SNARE complex binding assay, cell biology with homo-oligomerization mutants, genetic complementation, autophagosome-lysosome fusion assay Autophagy High 25945523
2015 ATG14L is ubiquitinated and degraded by the ZBTB16-Cullin3-Roc1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. A wide range of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligands regulate ATG14L protein levels through ZBTB16, providing a mechanism by which GPCR activation suppresses autophagy. Co-immunoprecipitation of ATG14L with ZBTB16-Cullin3-Roc1 complex, ubiquitination assay, GPCR ligand treatment with ATG14L protein level measurement, pharmacological autophagy modulation in Huntington's disease mouse model eLife Medium 25821988
2016 ULK1 phosphorylates ATG14 at serine 29 in an mTOR-dependent manner, and this phosphorylation critically regulates ATG14-Vps34 lipid kinase activity to control autophagy level. ATG14 phosphorylation is decreased in Q175 Huntington's disease mice partly through p62-induced sequestration of ULK1, and phospho-mimetic ATG14 facilitates clearance of polyQ mutant protein. Anti-phospho-ATG14 (Ser29) antibody generation, ULK1 kinase assay, Vps34 lipid kinase activity assay, HD genetic mouse model analysis, proteasomal inhibition studies Molecular neurodegeneration High 27938392
2016 The ULK1 complex phosphorylates ATG14 at serine 29 via ATG13-mediated interaction of ULK1 with the ATG14-containing PIK3C3/VPS34 complex. ATG14 phosphorylation stimulates class III PI3K complex kinase activity and facilitates phagophore and autophagosome formation. ULK1-mediated ATG14 phosphorylation requires BECN1 but not PE-conjugation machinery or PIK3C3 kinase activity. ATG9A is required to suppress ULK1 activity under nutrient-enriched conditions. Co-immunoprecipitation (ATG13-ULK1-ATG14 interaction), ULK1 kinase assay for ATG14 Ser29 phosphorylation, PI3K activity assay, starvation/MTORC1 inhibition conditions, ATG9A epistasis experiment Autophagy High 27046250
2016 PAQR3 functions as a scaffold protein that preferentially facilitates formation of the ATG14L-linked Vps34 complex (not UVRAG-linked), enhancing PI3P generation. AMPK phosphorylates PAQR3 at threonine 32, which is required for activation of ATG14L-associated PI3K upon glucose starvation. Co-immunoprecipitation of PAQR3 with ATG14L-Beclin1-Vps34 complex, PI3P generation assay, AMPK phosphorylation site mutagenesis (T32A), PAQR3 deletion mice with exercise-induced autophagy assay The EMBO journal High 26834238
2016 ATG14 specifically interacts with type Iγ PIP kinase isoform 5 (PIPKIγi5), an enzyme generating PtdIns(4,5)P2. The BATS domain of ATG14 binds PtdIns(4,5)P2, regulating ATG14 interaction with VPS34 and Beclin 1 and ATG14 complex assembly. Loss of PIPKIγi5 results in loss of ATG14, UVRAG, and Beclin 1 and autophagy block. Co-immunoprecipitation of ATG14 with PIPKIγi5, BATS domain lipid-binding assay for PtdIns(4,5)P2, PIPKIγi5 knockdown with ATG14/Beclin1 protein level and autophagy assays Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 27621469
2016 ATG14 crystal structure (BECN1:ATG14 CCD heterodimer) determined by SAXS shows the heterodimer is more curved than other BECN1-containing dimers. ATG14 CCD is disordered alone but becomes more helical upon heterodimerization with BECN1 CCD. Point mutations at the BECN1:ATG14 interface abrogate starvation-induced but not basal autophagy. X-ray crystallography of BECN1 CCD homodimer, SAXS of BECN1:ATG14 CCD heterodimer, circular dichroism, co-immunoprecipitation of interface mutants, starvation-induced autophagy assay Biochemistry High 27383850
2017 BECN2 CCD forms an antiparallel homodimer with weaker self-association than BECN1 but binds ATG14 CCD more tightly than BECN1 does. Crystal structure shows BECN2:ATG14 CCD forms a parallel, curved heterodimer stabilized by conserved polar interactions; mutation of nonideal BECN2 interface residues improves homodimerization but weakens ATG14 binding. X-ray crystallography of BECN2 CCD homodimer and BECN2:ATG14 CCD heterodimer, site-directed mutagenesis, thermal stability assay, binding affinity measurements Protein science High 28218432
2018 ULK1 phosphorylates BECN1 at Ser30 specifically in association with ATG14-containing (not UVRAG-containing) PIK3C3 complex. This phosphorylation is induced by amino acid starvation, hypoxia, and MTORC1 inhibition, and requires ATG13 and RB1CC1. Blocking Ser30 phosphorylation (S30A mutant) suppresses ATG14-containing PIK3C3 kinase activity and reduces autophagy flux and autophagosome formation without affecting ATG14 Ser29 phosphorylation. In vitro ULK1 kinase assay for BECN1 Ser30, site-directed mutagenesis (S30A), co-immunoprecipitation, PIK3C3 lipid kinase activity assay, autophagy flux measurement Autophagy High 29313410
2018 ULK1 is O-GlcNAcylated at threonine 754 by OGT upon glucose starvation (after mTOR-dependent Ser757 dephosphorylation by PP1 and AMPK-mediated phosphorylation). ULK1 O-GlcNAcylation is required for binding and phosphorylation of ATG14L, enabling VPS34 lipid kinase activation, PI3P production, and phagophore formation. O-GlcNAc modification identification (mass spectrometry), OGT/PP1 inhibitor studies, co-immunoprecipitation of ULK1-ATG14L, VPS34 lipid kinase assay, phagophore formation assay Cell reports Medium 30517873
2019 Intestinal epithelium-specific ATG14 knockout mice develop spontaneous villus loss and epithelial cell death (apoptosis) in the small intestine. ATG14-deficient intestinal epithelial cells are sensitive to TNF-triggered apoptosis; TNF-blocking antibody and genetic deletion of TNFR1 rescue the phenotype. Similarly, FIP200 intestinal-specific deletion causes the same villus atrophy phenotype. Conditional KO (Atg14-Cre/VillinCre) mice, caspase cleavage markers, TNF-blocking antibody rescue, TNFR1 genetic deletion epistasis Autophagy High 30894050
2020 GLIPR2 (a Golgi-associated protein) binds to the BECN1-ATG14-containing PtdIns3K-C1 complex and directly inhibits its in vitro lipid kinase activity. CRISPR-Cas9 depletion of GLIPR2 increases autophagic flux and PI3P generation in cells and in mice. In vitro lipid kinase assay with purified PtdIns3K-C1 plus recombinant GLIPR2, CRISPR-Cas9 KO in cells and mice, PI3P measurement, autophagic flux assay Autophagy High 33222586
2021 ATG14 muscle-specific conditional KO (atg14-cKO) mice develop hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with abnormal accumulation of autophagic cargoes in the heart and early mortality; skeletal muscles show autophagic vacuolar myopathy with ubiquitin+/SQSTM1+ deposits. Unlike rb1cc1-cKO mice, atg14-cKO mice do not show TARDBP/TDP-43+ pathology, indicating distinct roles for ATG14 vs. RB1CC1 in muscle autophagy. Muscle-specific conditional KO mice (Ckm-Cre), histopathology, immunohistochemistry for autophagy cargo markers, cardiac function assessment Autophagy High 33794726
2022 SETD2 promotes expression of the long ATG14 isoform (ATG14L) containing the N-terminal cysteine repeats domain required for efficient autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Loss of SETD2 decreases ATG14L expression and autophagic flux, and impairs degradation of aggregation-prone mutant HTT. SETD2 loss-of-function, isoform expression analysis, autophagic flux measurement, mutant HTT clearance assay Cell death & disease Medium 36371383
2022 PI4K2A generates a pool of PI4P on mature autophagosomes that facilitates ATG14 recruitment. PI4K2A binds ATG14, suggesting in situ PI4P synthesis near ATG14. Impaired ATG14 targeting to autophagosomes in PI4K2A-depleted cells is rescued by exogenous PI4P but not PI(4,5)P2. PI4K2A knockdown with ATG14 localization assay by fluorescence microscopy, PI4K2A-ATG14 co-immunoprecipitation, PI4P and PI(4,5)P2 rescue experiments Biochemistry Medium 35380781
2022 Drosophila Miga (ER-mitochondrial contact protein) binds Atg14 and Uvrag; Miga overexpression recruits Atg14 and Uvrag to mitochondria. Miga-mediated stabilization of Syx17 (STX17) is dependent on Atg14, while PI3K activity enhancement by Miga requires Uvrag. Co-immunoprecipitation of Miga with Atg14/Uvrag, gain-of-function overexpression localization assay, genetic loss-of-function in Drosophila, PI3P measurement, Syx17 stability assay Cell reports Medium 36323251
2023 MARCH7 (MARCHF7), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, ubiquitinates ATG14 with K6-, K11-, and K63-linked mixed polyubiquitin chains, causing ATG14 aggregation and reduced solubility. Ubiquitinated ATG14 has fewer interactions with STX17, inhibiting autophagy flux. MARCH7 depletion decreases aggresome-like induced structures. E3 ligase identification by Co-IP, in vitro/in cell ubiquitination assay with chain-type mapping, ATG14 solubility fractionation, STX17 binding assay for ubiquitinated vs. unmodified ATG14, MARCH7 KO cell analysis Cell reports High 37632749
2023 RUNDC1 interacts with ATG14 and negatively regulates autophagy by blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. RUNDC1 clasps the ATG14-STX17-SNAP29 complex by stimulating ATG14 homo-oligomerization, preventing ATG14 dissociation and VAMP8 binding to STX17-SNAP29. Phosphorylation of RUNDC1 Ser379 is crucial for this inhibitory mechanism in human cells and zebrafish. Co-immunoprecipitation, gain/loss-of-function in human cells and zebrafish, STX17-SNAP29-VAMP8 complex assembly assay, ATG14 homo-oligomerization assay, phosphorylation site mutagenesis Cell death and differentiation Medium 37684417
2023 USP1 interacts with ATG14, deubiquitinates it, and enhances ATG14 protein stability by reducing ubiquitin binding. USP1 inhibition promotes proteasome-dependent ATG14 degradation, reducing autophagy initiation and flux. Co-immunoprecipitation of USP1 with ATG14, ubiquitination level assay with USP1 overexpression/inhibition, proteasomal inhibition rescue, autophagy flux measurement The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 39814232
2023 S. pneumoniae CbpC interacts with ATG14 via ATG14's coiled-coil domain and CbpC residue Y83 (dp3 domain), activating autophagy. However, CbpC also acts as a decoy by recruiting ATG14 to p62/SQSTM1-dependent autophagic degradation, depleting ATG14 and impairing ATG14-STX17 complex formation, thereby suppressing bactericidal autophagy and promoting pneumococcal intracellular survival. Co-immunoprecipitation of CbpC with ATG14, domain mutagenesis (Y83), ATG14 protein level measurement in infected cells, ATG14-STX17 complex formation assay, bacterial survival assay EMBO reports Medium 32239622
2023 ATG14 and ATG7 are both required to restrict Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human iPSC-derived macrophages. ATG14 deletion specifically impairs phagosome-lysosome fusion in phagosomes containing Mtb, enabling both cytosolic and phagosomal bacterial restriction, while ATG7 primarily controls canonical autophagy of cytosolic Mtb. CRISPR-Cas9 deletion of ATG14 and ATG7 in iPSDM, single-cell high-content imaging with Mtb replication reporters, phagosome-lysosome fusion quantitative imaging with Mtb mutant panel Nature microbiology High 36959508
2024 ATG14 targets lipid droplets (LDs) via its BATS domain and acts as an autophagic receptor for lipophagy by interacting with ATG8 family proteins. STX18 (syntaxin 18) binds ATG14, disrupting ATG14-ATG8 interactions and PI3KC3-C1 complex formation. Coronavirus M protein binds STX18 to subvert the STX18-ATG14 interaction and induce lipophagy to degrade the anti-viral protein Viperin. BATS domain mutagenesis for LD targeting, Co-immunoprecipitation of ATG14 with ATG8 family members and STX18, STX18 knockdown-dependent lipophagy assay, Viperin degradation assay with coronavirus M protein Nature communications High 38245527
2024 ATG14 localizes to lipid droplets via its BATS domain and directly interacts with adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and its coactivator CGI-58. ATG14 enhances the ATGL-CGI58 interaction; ATG14 deficiency markedly decreases triglyceride hydrolysis in hepatocytes. Fluorescence imaging of ATG14 on lipid droplets, BATS domain deletion/mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation of ATG14 with ATGL and CGI-58, in vitro lipolysis assay in ATG14-deficient hepatocytes and mouse livers Metabolism: clinical and experimental High 37741434
2024 GULP1 (engulfment adaptor GULP1) interacts with ATG14 and potentiates its stimulatory effect on PI3KC3-C1 activity. GULP1 facilitates targeting of ATG14 to the ER. A GULP1 mutation disrupting the GULP1-ATG14 interaction abolishes these effects. GULP1-APP complex (via GULP1-ATG14 axis) further enhances PI3KC3-C1 activity and promotes APP processing by directing APP into autophagic vacuoles. Co-immunoprecipitation of GULP1 with ATG14, PI3KC3-C1 kinase activity assay, GULP1 mutant (disrupted ATG14 binding) rescue assay, ER targeting assay by fluorescence microscopy, autophagic vacuole fractionation for APP/ATG14 co-localization Cellular and molecular life sciences Medium 39080084
2012 ATG14 is regulated transcriptionally by FoxO transcription factors and circadian clock machinery (Clock/Bmal1) in mouse liver. Knockdown of ATG14 in mouse liver leads to elevated triglycerides in liver and serum; overexpression of ATG14 improves hypertriglyceridemia in high-fat diet and FoxO1/3/4 liver KO mice. Luciferase reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) for FoxOs and Clock/Bmal1 at ATG14 promoter, liver-specific ATG14 knockdown and overexpression in mice, liver triglyceride and serum lipid measurement The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 22992773
2025 ATG14 safeguards oviduct cellular integrity by suppressing pyroptosis. Conditional depletion of Atg14 in oviduct causes severe structural abnormalities and abnormal embryo retention. Mechanistically, Atg14 loss triggers unscheduled pyroptosis via altered mitochondrial integrity in non-ciliary oviduct cells; pharmacological pyroptosis activation phenocopies the genetic defect. Conditional oviduct-specific Atg14 KO mice, histopathology for structural defects, embryo tracking assay, pyroptosis marker analysis, mitochondrial integrity assay, pharmacological pyroptosis induction eLife Medium 40100261
2013 CCCP-induced LC3 lipidation is independent of Beclin 1 and ATG14; FIP200 and ATG13 (ULK complex components) are only partially required, while ATG9 is required for CCCP-induced LC3 lipidation. This establishes that CCCP/mitophagy-induced autophagy can bypass the Beclin 1/ATG14 nucleation complex. Genetic deletion/siRNA knockdown of Beclin 1, ATG14, FIP200, ATG13, ATG9; LC3 lipidation assay (Western blot) under CCCP treatment Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 23402761
2014 Dapper1 (Dpr1) directly interacts with both Beclin1 and Atg14L, enhances the Beclin1-Vps34 interaction, and increases Vps34 lipid kinase activity, promoting autophagosome formation. Dpr1 ablation in the CNS results in motor coordination defects and accumulation of p62 and ubiquitinated proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation of Dpr1 with Beclin1 and Atg14L, Vps34 kinase activity assay, Dpr1 CNS-specific KO mice, LC3 puncta formation assay, p62/ubiquitin accumulation Cell research Medium 24980960

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2009 Two Beclin 1-binding proteins, Atg14L and Rubicon, reciprocally regulate autophagy at different stages. Nature cell biology 992 19270696
2008 Beclin 1 forms two distinct phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes with mammalian Atg14 and UVRAG. Molecular biology of the cell 962 18843052
2009 Distinct regulation of autophagic activity by Atg14L and Rubicon associated with Beclin 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase complex. Nature cell biology 820 19270693
2015 ATG14 promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes. Nature 470 25686604
2010 Autophagy requires endoplasmic reticulum targeting of the PI3-kinase complex via Atg14L. The Journal of cell biology 361 20713597
2021 HIF-1α-induced expression of m6A reader YTHDF1 drives hypoxia-induced autophagy and malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting ATG2A and ATG14 translation. Signal transduction and targeted therapy 336 33619246
2020 LncRNA PVT1 promotes gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer via activating Wnt/β-catenin and autophagy pathway through modulating the miR-619-5p/Pygo2 and miR-619-5p/ATG14 axes. Molecular cancer 323 32727463
2016 The ULK1 complex mediates MTORC1 signaling to the autophagy initiation machinery via binding and phosphorylating ATG14. Autophagy 272 27046250
2011 Autophagosome targeting and membrane curvature sensing by Barkor/Atg14(L). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 233 21518905
2012 The autophagy-related gene 14 (Atg14) is regulated by forkhead box O transcription factors and circadian rhythms and plays a critical role in hepatic autophagy and lipid metabolism. The Journal of biological chemistry 181 22992773
2015 Downregulation of ATG14 by EGR1-MIR152 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis by inhibiting cyto-protective autophagy. Autophagy 148 25650716
2012 Imperfect interface of Beclin1 coiled-coil domain regulates homodimer and heterodimer formation with Atg14L and UVRAG. Nature communications 143 22314358
2018 ULK1 phosphorylates Ser30 of BECN1 in association with ATG14 to stimulate autophagy induction. Autophagy 138 29313410
2016 ULK1-mediated phosphorylation of ATG14 promotes autophagy and is impaired in Huntington's disease models. Molecular neurodegeneration 124 27938392
2014 NRBF2 regulates autophagy and prevents liver injury by modulating Atg14L-linked phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase III activity. Nature communications 116 24849286
2019 miR-29c-3p inhibits autophagy and cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer by regulating FOXP1/ATG14 pathway. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 108 31885310
2009 Atg14 and UVRAG: mutually exclusive subunits of mammalian Beclin 1-PI3K complexes. Autophagy 100 19223761
2013 Role of membrane association and Atg14-dependent phosphorylation in beclin-1-mediated autophagy. Molecular and cellular biology 88 23878393
2015 G-protein-coupled receptors regulate autophagy by ZBTB16-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Atg14L. eLife 87 25821988
2011 Atg14: a key player in orchestrating autophagy. International journal of cell biology 76 22013444
2018 ULK1 O-GlcNAcylation Is Crucial for Activating VPS34 via ATG14L during Autophagy Initiation. Cell reports 75 30517873
2021 Augmenting ATG14 alleviates atherosclerosis and inhibits inflammation via promotion of autophagosome-lysosome fusion in macrophages. Autophagy 74 33849389
2015 ATG14 controls SNARE-mediated autophagosome fusion with a lysosome. Autophagy 74 25945523
2017 ATG14 facilitated lipophagy in cancer cells induce ER stress mediated mitoptosis through a ROS dependent pathway. Free radical biology & medicine 70 28069524
2016 PAQR3 controls autophagy by integrating AMPK signaling to enhance ATG14L-associated PI3K activity. The EMBO journal 66 26834238
2014 Dapper1 promotes autophagy by enhancing the Beclin1-Vps34-Atg14L complex formation. Cell research 63 24980960
2016 PtdIns(4,5)P2 signaling regulates ATG14 and autophagy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 62 27621469
2023 ATG7 and ATG14 restrict cytosolic and phagosomal Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in human macrophages. Nature microbiology 61 36959508
2014 Nrbf2 protein suppresses autophagy by modulating Atg14L protein-containing Beclin 1-Vps34 complex architecture and reducing intracellular phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphate levels. The Journal of biological chemistry 60 25086043
2019 SNHG14 stimulates cell autophagy to facilitate cisplatin resistance of colorectal cancer by regulating miR-186/ATG14 axis. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 56 31704614
2020 Beclin 1-ATG14L Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor Selectively Inhibits Autophagy through Disruption of VPS34 Complex I. Journal of the American Chemical Society 53 32320221
2014 Lipid droplet and early autophagosomal membrane targeting of Atg2A and Atg14L in human tumor cells. Journal of lipid research 53 24776541
2024 ATG14 targets lipid droplets and acts as an autophagic receptor for syntaxin18-regulated lipid droplet turnover. Nature communications 48 38245527
2012 Beclin-1-interacting autophagy protein Atg14L targets the SNARE-associated protein Snapin to coordinate endocytic trafficking. Journal of cell science 46 22797916
2018 MiR-129-5p inhibits autophagy and apoptosis of H9c2 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by targeting ATG14. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 45 30348524
2018 Knockdown of Linc00515 Inhibits Multiple Myeloma Autophagy and Chemoresistance by Upregulating miR-140-5p and Downregulating ATG14. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 38 30121664
2020 GLIPR2 is a negative regulator of autophagy and the BECN1-ATG14-containing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex. Autophagy 35 33222586
2020 MicroRNA-375 Targets ATG14 to Inhibit Autophagy and Sensitize Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Sorafenib. OncoTargets and therapy 32 32431510
2019 Ubiquitin-specific protease USP36 knockdown impairs Parkin-dependent mitophagy via downregulation of Beclin-1-associated autophagy-related ATG14L. Experimental cell research 30 31550441
2019 Atg14 protects the intestinal epithelium from TNF-triggered villus atrophy. Autophagy 28 30894050
2016 Identification of BECN1 and ATG14 Coiled-Coil Interface Residues That Are Important for Starvation-Induced Autophagy. Biochemistry 25 27383850
2013 Silencing of Barkor/ATG14 sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin‑induced apoptosis. International journal of molecular medicine 25 24337183
2019 Hypoxia induces the activation of hepatic stellate cells through the PVT1-miR-152-ATG14 signaling pathway. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 24 31893334
2022 Inhibition of miR-130b-3p restores autophagy and attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration through mediating ATG14 and PRKAA1. Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death 23 35435532
2020 miR-25-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits autophagy of renal cells in polycystic kidney mice by regulating ATG14-Beclin 1. Renal failure 23 32340512
2020 Paeonol prevents lipid metabolism dysfunction in palmitic acid-induced HepG2 injury through promoting SIRT1-FoxO1-ATG14-dependent autophagy. European journal of pharmacology 23 32343969
2013 CCCP-Induced LC3 lipidation depends on Atg9 whereas FIP200/Atg13 and Beclin 1/Atg14 are dispensable. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 23 23402761
2017 FoxO1-AMPK-ULK1 Regulates Ethanol-Induced Autophagy in Muscle by Enhanced ATG14 Association with the BECN1-PIK3C3 Complex. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research 22 28299793
2014 Lentivirus-mediated Bos taurus bta-miR-29b overexpression interferes with bovine viral diarrhoea virus replication and viral infection-related autophagy by directly targeting ATG14 and ATG9A in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells. The Journal of general virology 22 25234643
2022 ER-mitochondrial contact protein Miga regulates autophagy through Atg14 and Uvrag. Cell reports 21 36323251
2020 CTBP1‑AS2 inhibits proliferation and induces autophagy in ox‑LDL‑stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating miR‑195‑5p/ATG14. International journal of molecular medicine 21 32626936
2016 SLC35D3 increases autophagic activity in midbrain dopaminergic neurons by enhancing BECN1-ATG14-PIK3C3 complex formation. Autophagy 21 27171858
2018 miR199a-5p inhibits hepatic insulin sensitivity via suppression of ATG14-mediated autophagy. Cell death & disease 20 29540751
2023 RUNDC1 inhibits autolysosome formation and survival of zebrafish via clasping ATG14-STX17-SNAP29 complex. Cell death and differentiation 19 37684417
2022 Plant UVRAG interacts with ATG14 to regulate autophagosome maturation and geminivirus infection. The New phytologist 18 35978547
2021 The Protective Mechanism of Dexmedetomidine in Regulating Atg14L-Beclin1-Vps34 Complex Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Journal of cardiovascular translational research 18 33914271
2015 Toward an understanding of autophagosome-lysosome fusion: The unsuspected role of ATG14. Autophagy 18 25920502
2023 Electroacupuncture ameliorates AOM/DSS-induced mice colorectal cancer by inhibiting inflammation and promoting autophagy via the SIRT1/miR-215/Atg14 axis. Aging 17 38006398
2024 Mitochondrial derived vesicle-carrying protein MIGA2 promotes copper-induced autophagosomes-lysosomes fusion by regulating ATG14. Journal of hazardous materials 16 38354437
2021 Down-regulation of circ_0058058 suppresses proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis in multiple myeloma through miR-338-3p/ATG14 pathway. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 16 34930344
2019 Upregulation of lncRNA HAGLROS enhances the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via modulating miR-100/ATG14 axis-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signals. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology 16 31334669
2024 LncRNA HOTAIR regulates autophagy and proliferation mechanisms in premature ovarian insufficiency through the miR-148b-3p/ATG14 axis. Cell death discovery 15 38267415
2022 MiR-152-5p suppresses osteogenic differentiation of mandible mesenchymal stem cells by regulating ATG14-mediated autophagy. Stem cell research & therapy 15 35883156
2022 SETD2 transcriptional control of ATG14L/S isoforms regulates autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Cell death & disease 15 36371383
2020 Streptococcus pneumoniae hijacks host autophagy by deploying CbpC as a decoy for Atg14 depletion. EMBO reports 14 32239622
2022 YTHDF1 Protects Auditory Hair Cells from Cisplatin-Induced Damage by Activating Autophagy via the Promotion of ATG14 Translation. Molecular neurobiology 13 36097301
2023 MARCH7-mediated ubiquitination decreases the solubility of ATG14 to inhibit autophagy. Cell reports 12 37632749
2022 CircCBFB is a mediator of hepatocellular carcinoma cell autophagy and proliferation through miR-424-5p/ATG14 axis. Immunologic research 12 35066780
2021 ATG14 and RB1CC1 play essential roles in maintaining muscle homeostasis. Autophagy 12 33794726
2021 Inhibiting miR-129-5p alleviates inflammation and modulates autophagy by targeting ATG14 in fungal keratitis. Experimental eye research 12 34411602
2021 Weakened interaction of ATG14 and the SNARE complex blocks autophagosome-lysosome fusion contributes to fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 12 34953272
2011 Atg14L recruits PtdIns 3-kinase to the ER for autophagosome formation. Autophagy 12 21228623
2024 ATG14 and STX18: gatekeepers of lipid droplet degradation and the implications for disease modulation. Autophagy 11 38735055
2022 Siglec-15-induced autophagy promotes invasion and metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells by activating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Beclin-1/ATG14 pathway. Cell & bioscience 11 35842729
2024 Coronavirus hijacks STX18-ATG14 axis-regulated lipophagy to evade an anti-viral effect. Autophagy 10 38477940
2023 ATG14 plays a critical role in hepatic lipid droplet homeostasis. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 10 37741434
2021 NQO1 Deficiency Aggravates Renal Injury by Dysregulating Vps34/ATG14L Complex during Autophagy Initiation in Diabetic Nephropathy. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 10 33672316
2017 BECN2 interacts with ATG14 through a metastable coiled-coil to mediate autophagy. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 10 28218432
2024 CircTBC1D22A inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer through autophagy regulated via miR-1825/ATG14 axis. iScience 8 38439965
2024 Long non-coding RNA MLLT4 antisense RNA 1 induces autophagy to inhibit tumorigenesis of cervical cancer through modulating the myosin-9/ATG14 axis. Scientific reports 7 38493244
2023 Apigenin reduces the suppressive effect of exosomes derived from irritable bowel syndrome patients on the autophagy of human colon epithelial cells by promoting ATG14. World journal of surgical oncology 7 36915121
2022 PI4P-Dependent Targeting of ATG14 to Mature Autophagosomes. Biochemistry 7 35380781
2021 SNAP47 Interacts with ATG14 to Promote VP1 Conjugation and CVB3 Propagation. Cells 7 34440910
2016 Two-layer regulation of PAQR3 on ATG14-linked class III PtdIns3K activation upon glucose starvation. Autophagy 7 27124708
2025 USP1 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and autophagy by deubiquitinating ATG14. The Journal of biological chemistry 6 39814232
2023 PVT1 alleviates hypoxia-induced endothelial apoptosis by enhancing autophagy via the miR-15b-5p/ATG14 and miR-424-5p/ATG14 axis. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 6 37290278
2023 Control of ATG14 solubility and autophagy by MARCHF7/MARCH7-mediated ubiquitination. Autophagy 6 37915253
2024 The cellular adaptor GULP1 interacts with ATG14 to potentiate autophagy and APP processing. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 5 39080084
2023 KLF15 Transcriptionally Activates ATG14 to Promote Autophagy and Attenuate Damage of ox-LDL-Induced HAECs. Molecular biotechnology 5 37043109
2020 Streptococcus pneumoniae promotes its own survival via choline-binding protein CbpC-mediated degradation of ATG14. Autophagy 5 32508214
2024 PM2.5 regulates the progression of lung adenocarcinoma through the axis of HCG18, miR-195 and ATG14. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology 4 38724488
2023 The potent BECN2-ATG14 coiled-coil interaction is selectively critical for endolysosomal degradation of GPRASP1/GASP1-associated GPCRs. Autophagy 4 37409929
2022 Molecular characterization and expression of the autophagy-related gene Atg14 in WSSV-infected Procambarus clarkii. Fish & shellfish immunology 4 35513250
2012 The BECN1 coiled coil domain: an "imperfect" homodimer interface that facilitates ATG14 and UVRAG binding. Autophagy 4 22647755
2025 Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of an Autophagy Inhibitor That Targets the ATG14L-Beclin1 Protein-Protein Interaction Reveal Modifications That Improve Potency and Solubility and Maintain Selectivity. Journal of medicinal chemistry 3 39761421
2021 [miR-148b-3p inhibits the proliferation and autophagy of acute myeloid leukemia cells by targeting ATG14]. Xi bao yu fen zi mian yi xue za zhi = Chinese journal of cellular and molecular immunology 3 34670664
2024 A novel fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based screening identified ATG14, the gene required for pexophagy in the methylotrophic yeast. FEMS yeast research 2 39025789
2023 Grouper Atg14 promotes Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) replication by inhibiting the host innate immune response. Fish & shellfish immunology 2 37689226
2021 [MicroRNA-424 inhibits autophagy and proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting ATG14]. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 2 34308850
2025 The autophagy protein ATG14 safeguards against unscheduled pyroptosis activation to enable embryo transport during early pregnancy. eLife 1 40100261

Missed literature

Know a paper Affinage missed for ATG14? Flag it for the maintainers and the community.

No submissions yet.