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Showing A1CF — ACF is a alias.

A1CF

APOBEC1 complementation factor · UniProt Q9NQ94

Length
594 aa
Mass
65.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
87 papers in source corpus 18 papers cited in narrative 19 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

A1CF (APOBEC1 complementation factor) is an hnRNP-type RNA-binding protein originally defined as an obligate auxiliary subunit of the C-to-U RNA editing holoenzyme that acts on apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA: it binds both the apoB transcript and the deaminase APOBEC1, and its depletion abolishes editing activity (PMID:11577082). Mechanistically, A1CF uses three N-terminal RNA recognition motifs to bind apoB mRNA and promotes the substrate conformational transition that allows APOBEC1 to deaminate at physiological temperature, assembling as RNA-bridged homomultimers within the editosome (PMID:15273326, PMID:20541536). This editing role is conditional in vivo: A1CF is dispensable for normal adult editing (PMID:28069890) and functions redundantly with the paralogous cofactor RBM47 in a tissue-specific manner, with the two cofactors showing distinct target selectivity such that loss of both virtually eliminates hepatic apoB editing (PMID:30309881, PMID:30844405). Beyond editing, A1CF is a regulator of alternative pre-mRNA splicing: hepatic ablation reduces metabolic-enzyme isoforms such as ketohexokinase C and glycerol kinase and protects against fructose-induced hyperglycemia and steatosis (PMID:31597092), and in pancreatic β cells A1CF is a direct transcriptional target of HNF1A that orchestrates a β-cell splicing program disrupted in type 2 diabetes (PMID:40774250). A1CF is also essential for early embryonic survival through an APOBEC1-independent function, with its loss causing pre-blastocyst lethality and apoptosis in cultured cells (PMID:16055734). It additionally engages NKRF through its RRM1 domain to dampen p65 phosphorylation and IFN-β expression (PMID:38612387) and influences epithelial-mesenchymal transition and proliferation in renal and tumor cells (PMID:26848653).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 13 steps
  1. 2001 High

    Established the founding function of A1CF as the RNA-binding subunit required for apoB mRNA C-to-U editing, defining how a deaminase achieves site-specific RNA editing.

    Evidence Reconstituted editing assay, immunodepletion, co-fractionation and antisense knockdown of A1CF binding apoB RNA and APOBEC1

    PMID:11577082

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not define the structural basis of substrate recognition
    • In vivo necessity not yet tested genetically
  2. 2001 High

    Identified CUGBP2 as a regulatory component of the editing holoenzyme, showing the editosome is a multi-protein assembly whose activity can be modulated by accessory factors.

    Evidence Co-fractionation, reciprocal co-IP, nuclear co-localization, and dose-dependent inhibition of editing rescued by APOBEC1 or A1CF

    PMID:11577082

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological context of CUGBP2 inhibition unclear
    • Whether CUGBP2 competes with A1CF for RNA or protein binding not resolved
  3. 2001 Medium

    Mapped the A1CF gene architecture and complex alternative splicing, raising the question of whether editing tracks with transcript abundance.

    Evidence cDNA isolation, RT-PCR, Northern blot, developmental expression panel of the ~80 kb 15-exon gene

    PMID:11718896

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional roles of the distinct transcripts not assigned
    • Reason editing does not track with mRNA abundance not explained
  4. 2004 Medium

    Defined the biochemical mechanism by which A1CF enhances editing, showing it lowers the temperature requirement for a substrate conformational transition.

    Evidence Purified recombinant protein steady-state kinetics and temperature-optimum analysis with and without ACF

    PMID:15273326

    Open questions at the time
    • Single in vitro study, single lab
    • Structural detail of the RNA conformational transition not resolved
  5. 2005 High

    Revealed an APOBEC1-independent essential role for A1CF in cell survival and early development, decoupling its editing function from its viability function.

    Evidence Homologous-recombination knockout with blastocyst-stage lethality plus siRNA-induced apoptosis in APOBEC1-expressing and -deficient hepatoma cells

    PMID:16055734

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular pathway underlying survival function not identified
    • Targets responsible for embryonic lethality unknown
  6. 2010 Medium

    Resolved the domain organization and oligomeric architecture of A1CF in the editosome, proposing a dimer-of-ACF / dimer-of-APOBEC1 assembly on the mooring sequence.

    Evidence Limited proteolysis, truncation mutagenesis, in vitro editing, live-cell FRET, and immunoprecipitation showing RNA-bridged homomultimers via three RRMs

    PMID:20541536

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry inferred, not solved structurally
    • Functional necessity of multimerization in vivo untested
  7. 2017 High

    Overturned the obligate-editing-factor model by showing A1CF is dispensable for adult C-to-U editing under normal physiology.

    Evidence Conditional knockout mouse with quantified editing at multiple targets including apoB in liver and intestine

    PMID:28069890

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify the compensating factor
    • Reconciliation with essential embryonic role not addressed
  8. 2018 High

    Resolved the redundancy by identifying RBM47 as a tissue-specific alternative cofactor that compensates for A1CF in vivo.

    Evidence Single and double tissue-specific conditional knockouts with editing quantification and adenoviral APOBEC1 rescue

    PMID:30309881

    Open questions at the time
    • Determinants of tissue-specific cofactor choice unclear
    • Whether A1CF and RBM47 co-occupy the same editosomes not established
  9. 2019 Medium

    Demonstrated that A1CF and RBM47 are not interchangeable, showing differential target selectivity in a clean heterologous system.

    Evidence Reconstitution in HEK293T cells lacking endogenous factors with a fluorescence-based editing reporter across multiple targets

    PMID:30844405

    Open questions at the time
    • Sequence/structural basis of differential selectivity not defined
    • Single lab, heterologous context
  10. 2019 High

    Expanded A1CF function beyond editing to alternative splicing control of hepatic metabolic enzymes, linking it to systemic glucose and lipid handling.

    Evidence Conditional hepatic knockout with RNA-seq, isoform RT-PCR, and metabolic phenotyping

    PMID:31597092

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct RNA-binding map at spliced targets not defined
    • Splicing machinery partners not identified
  11. 2020 Medium

    Defined the A1CF protein interactome and showed a disease-associated variant rewires its partners, connecting interaction changes to altered VLDL secretion.

    Evidence Co-IP mass spectrometry of wild-type versus G398S A1CF with metabolomics, RNA-seq, and oxygen consumption assays

    PMID:32786677

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequences of individual interactions not reconstituted
    • Mechanism linking mitochondrial-translation partner loss to VLDL secretion unclear
  12. 2024 Medium

    Established an RNA-independent protein-protein function for A1CF in modulating NF-κB signaling via direct NKRF binding through RRM1.

    Evidence Co-IP, domain-mapping mutagenesis, immunofluorescence, proliferation assays, and xenograft model in renal carcinoma cells

    PMID:38612387

    Open questions at the time
    • Single lab; structural detail of RRM1-NKRF interface not resolved
    • Generality across cell types untested
  13. 2025 High

    Placed A1CF within a transcription-to-splicing regulatory axis in pancreatic β cells downstream of HNF1A, linking it to type 2 diabetes pathophysiology.

    Evidence HNF1A ChIP-seq, conditional knockout with RNA-seq splicing analysis, human islet genetic association, and β-cell functional assays

    PMID:40774250

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct A1CF binding to the regulated β-cell transcripts not mapped
    • Causal splicing targets driving β-cell dysfunction not pinpointed

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How A1CF's distinct activities — RNA editing, alternative splicing, embryonic survival, NF-κB modulation, and germ-cell/gamete effects — are integrated and selected in different tissues remains unresolved.
  • No unifying mechanism connecting editing, splicing, and survival functions
  • Structural basis of target and partner selection across contexts not defined
  • Cancer and germ-cell phenotypes rest on low-confidence, single-lab evidence

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003723 RNA binding 3 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 3 GO:0140098 catalytic activity, acting on RNA 2
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 1
Pathway
R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 3 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 2
Partners
APOBEC1CUGBP2NKRFRBM47
Complex memberships
apoB mRNA C-to-U editosome (editing holoenzyme)

Evidence

Reading pass · 19 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2001 A1CF (ACF/APOBEC1 complementation factor) is an obligate RNA-binding subunit of the core enzyme mediating C-to-U editing of the apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA; it binds apoB RNA and apobec-1, and antisense knockout of A1CF expression eliminates apoB RNA editing activity. Antisense knockdown, reconstituted editing assay, immunodepletion, co-fractionation The Journal of biological chemistry High 11577082
2001 The human A1CF gene spans ~80 kb with 15 exons and undergoes complex alternative splicing generating at least nine transcripts, the majority of which encode functional protein; tissue-specific and developmental expression patterns were characterized but the editing activity did not track directly with overall ACF mRNA abundance. cDNA isolation, RT-PCR, Northern blot, developmental expression panel Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 11718896
2001 CUGBP2 co-fractionates with A1CF in bovine liver extracts, co-immunoprecipitates with A1CF in vivo, co-localizes with A1CF in the nucleus, and inhibits C-to-U editing in a dose-dependent manner that is rescued by apobec-1 or A1CF, establishing CUGBP2 as a regulatory component of the apoB mRNA editing holoenzyme. Co-fractionation, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence co-localization, reconstituted editing assay, antisense knockdown The Journal of biological chemistry High 11577082
2004 A1CF acts as an auxiliary factor to APOBEC1 by broadening its temperature range of activity; A1CF promotes a conformational transition in the apoB RNA substrate that occurs spontaneously only at higher temperatures, enabling APOBEC1 to function optimally at physiological temperatures. Purified recombinant protein assay, steady-state kinetics, temperature-optimum analysis with and without ACF RNA (New York, N.Y.) Medium 15273326
2005 Targeted deletion of the murine acf gene results in embryonic lethality at or before the blastocyst stage (E3.5–E4.5), and isolated acf−/− blastocysts fail to proliferate in vitro; siRNA knockdown of A1CF in hepatoma cells (both apobec-1-expressing and apobec-1-deficient) induces apoptosis, demonstrating an apobec-1-independent role of A1CF in cell survival. Homologous recombination knockout, embryo staging, in vitro blastocyst culture, siRNA knockdown, apoptosis assay Molecular and cellular biology High 16055734
2010 A1CF contains three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) in its N-terminal 320 residues; ACF320 binds preferentially to apoB mRNA and supports APOBEC1-dependent editing at 40% of full-length activity. Live-cell FRET and immunoprecipitation showed A1CF forms RNA-bridged homomultimers in situ, predicting that the C-to-U editosome assembles as a dimer of ACF bound to a dimer of APOBEC1 on the mooring sequence. Limited proteolysis, truncation mutagenesis, in vitro editing assay, live-cell FRET, immunoprecipitation Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 20541536
2017 Conditional A1cf knockout adult mice are viable and fertile with no detectable change in C-to-U RNA editing efficiency at multiple targets including apoB in liver or small intestine, demonstrating that A1CF is dispensable for APOBEC1-mediated RNA editing under normal physiological conditions in adults. Conditional knockout mouse, RNA editing quantification (multiple targets), blood and urine metabolic analysis RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 28069890
2018 A1CF and RBM47 each independently contribute to APOBEC1-dependent C-to-U RNA editing in a tissue-specific manner; double knockout of A1cf and Rbm47 in liver virtually eliminates apoB RNA editing and reduces editing of most other targets, while intestinal double knockout further reduces editing below residual levels seen with Rbm47 single knockout alone. Tissue-specific conditional knockout (single and double), RNA editing quantification at multiple targets, adenoviral APOBEC1 rescue RNA (New York, N.Y.) High 30309881
2019 When reconstituted in HEK293T cells (lacking endogenous APOBEC1/A1CF/RBM47), A1CF and RBM47 show clear differences in RNA editing activity on APOB and several other target RNAs, demonstrating differential editing selectivity of the two cofactors. Heterologous reconstitution in HEK293T cells, cell-based fluorescence editing assay (eGFP subcellular localization reporter), RNA editing quantification Journal of molecular biology Medium 30844405
2019 A1CF functions as a regulator of alternative splicing in hepatocytes, generating hepatocyte-specific alternatively spliced isoforms including those for ketohexokinase C and glycerol kinase; hepatic ablation of A1cf markedly reduces these isoforms, leading to improved glucose tolerance and protection from fructose-induced hyperglycemia and hepatic steatosis. Conditional hepatic A1cf knockout, RNA-seq, RT-PCR isoform quantification, metabolic phenotyping (glucose tolerance, hepatic lipid, body weight) Cell reports High 31597092
2016 A1CF inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in rat kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (NRK52e): ectopic A1CF expression upregulates E-cadherin and downregulates vimentin and α-SMA, while A1CF knockdown enhances EMT markers. Overexpression and siRNA knockdown, Western blot for EMT markers (E-cadherin, vimentin, α-SMA) International journal of molecular sciences Medium 26848653
2019 A1CF stabilizes and increases the expression of lncRNA FAM224A in glioma cells; A1CF knockdown suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promotes apoptosis by upregulating miR-590-3p through a FAM224A-dependent mechanism. siRNA knockdown, RIP assay, luciferase reporter, proliferation/migration/invasion assays, xenograft tumor assay Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research Low 31186064
2019 A1CF overexpression increases ERK activation and DKK1 expression in renal cell carcinoma cells, promoting proliferation and colony formation; DKK1 knockdown or MEK inhibition (U0126) suppresses the proliferative effects of A1CF, placing A1CF upstream in an A1CF–DKK1–MEK/ERK axis. Overexpression, siRNA knockdown, pharmacological MEK inhibition, proliferation and colony formation assays, Western blot for ERK/MEK phosphorylation Gene Low 31881249
2019 A1CF positively regulates Axin2 expression at mRNA and protein levels; A1CF overexpression reduces apoptosis and promotes migration in Wilms tumor-derived G401 cells through an Axin2-dependent mechanism that suppresses Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Overexpression and knockdown, qRT-PCR, Western blot (Axin2, β-catenin, CCND1, NKD1), flow cytometry apoptosis, wound-healing migration, Wnt agonist treatment In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal Low 30825095
2020 Wild-type A1CF interacts with three functional protein groups by co-immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry: RNA/mRNA processing, cytosolic translation, and mitochondrial translation. A missense variant (G398S) diminishes these interactions, especially with mitochondrial translation proteins, while gaining interactions with cytoskeleton and vesicle-mediated transport machinery, consistent with increased VLDL secretion in carriers. Co-immunoprecipitation proteomics (interactomics), metabolomics, RNA-seq, oxygen consumption assay Journal of proteome research Medium 32786677
2024 A1CF interacts with NKRF through the RRM1 domain of A1CF and the p65-binding motif of NKRF, in a manner independent of RNA or DNA; this interaction competitively reduces p65 (Ser536) phosphorylation and IFN-β expression, and promotes proliferation in renal carcinoma cells. Deletion of RRM1 abrogates both NKRF binding and the downstream effects. Co-immunoprecipitation, truncation and deletion mutagenesis, immunofluorescence, Western blot, MTT/EdU proliferation assay, xenograft mouse model International journal of molecular sciences Medium 38612387
2025 HNF1A directly controls transcription of A1CF in pancreatic β cells, and A1CF in turn orchestrates an RNA splicing program encompassing genes that regulate β cell function; this HNF1A–A1CF transcription-splicing axis is suppressed in β cells from T2D individuals, and genetic variants reducing pancreatic islet A1CF expression are associated with increased glycemia and T2D susceptibility. ChIP-seq (HNF1A genomic targets), conditional knockout, RNA-seq (splicing analysis), human islet genetic association, functional β cell assays Cell metabolism High 40774250
2016 A1CF modulates risk for testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) and testicular abnormalities in mice via parent-of-origin effects; partial loss of A1CF produces non-Mendelian inheritance in intercrosses consistent with non-random union of gametes, implicating A1CF in germ-cell fate and gamete function. Genetic intercross and backcross analysis, Mendelian segregation statistics, testicular tumor scoring Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Low 27582469
2022 A1CF transcripts and their candidate mRNA targets are restricted to the spermatids in which they originate, and in vitro fertilization with A1cf mutant and wild-type alleles shows strong fertilization bias in favor of mutant heterozygotes, suggesting A1CF-dependent mRNA sequestration in spermatids influences gamete function. In vitro fertilization, Mendelian segregation analysis, transcriptome analysis of spermatid localization Scientific reports Low 35948620

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 87 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1997 ACF, an ISWI-containing and ATP-utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling factor. Cell 528 9230310
1999 ACF consists of two subunits, Acf1 and ISWI, that function cooperatively in the ATP-dependent catalysis of chromatin assembly. Genes & development 277 10385622
2005 Distinct activities of CHD1 and ACF in ATP-dependent chromatin assembly. Nature structural & molecular biology 233 15643425
2002 The DNA chaperone HMGB1 facilitates ACF/CHRAC-dependent nucleosome sliding. The EMBO journal 208 12486007
2006 The chromatin-remodeling enzyme ACF is an ATP-dependent DNA length sensor that regulates nucleosome spacing. Nature structural & molecular biology 175 17099699
2009 Dynamics of nucleosome remodelling by individual ACF complexes. Nature 161 20033040
2004 Acf1 confers unique activities to ACF/CHRAC and promotes the formation rather than disruption of chromatin in vivo. Genes & development 146 14752009
2009 The chromatin remodeller ACF acts as a dimeric motor to space nucleosomes. Nature 142 20033039
2017 Multicenter randomized phase II study of cisplatin and fluorouracil plus docetaxel (DCF) compared with cisplatin and fluorouracil plus Adriamycin (ACF) as preoperative chemotherapy for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OGSG1003). Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology 108 27687307
1995 Emergence of adenomatous aberrant crypt foci (ACF) from hyperplastic ACF with concomitant increase in cell proliferation. Cancer research 94 7585496
2007 Green tea polyphenols inhibit colorectal aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation and prevent oncogenic changes in dysplastic ACF in azoxymethane-treated F344 rats. Carcinogenesis 92 17893236
2001 Novel role for RNA-binding protein CUGBP2 in mammalian RNA editing. CUGBP2 modulates C to U editing of apolipoprotein B mRNA by interacting with apobec-1 and ACF, the apobec-1 complementation factor. The Journal of biological chemistry 84 11577082
1995 Organization of tcp, acf, and toxT genes within a ToxT-dependent operon. Molecular microbiology 83 7565104
2005 A 'loop recapture' mechanism for ACF-dependent nucleosome remodeling. Nature structural & molecular biology 80 16025127
2015 ACF chromatin-remodeling complex mediates stress-induced depressive-like behavior. Nature medicine 72 26390241
2002 Dynamics of ATP-dependent chromatin assembly by ACF. Nature 70 12192415
2011 Identification of a rapidly formed nonnucleosomal histone-DNA intermediate that is converted into chromatin by ACF. Molecular cell 65 21855802
2004 The histone-fold protein complex CHRAC-15/17 enhances nucleosome sliding and assembly mediated by ACF. Molecular cell 63 14759371
2008 Design of a neutral electro-Fenton system with Fe@Fe(2)O(3)/ACF composite cathode for wastewater treatment. Journal of hazardous materials 60 18768254
2000 Multiple ISWI ATPase complexes from xenopus laevis. Functional conservation of an ACF/CHRAC homolog. The Journal of biological chemistry 60 10942776
2005 Forced unraveling of nucleosomes assembled on heterogeneous DNA using core histones, NAP-1, and ACF. Journal of molecular biology 58 16002089
2010 Pterostilbene inhibits colorectal aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colon carcinogenesis via suppression of multiple signal transduction pathways in azoxymethane-treated mice. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 56 20681671
2002 Binding of Acf1 to DNA involves a WAC motif and is important for ACF-mediated chromatin assembly. Molecular and cellular biology 52 12192034
2008 MacroH2A allows ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling by SWI/SNF and ACF complexes but specifically reduces recruitment of SWI/SNF. Biochemistry 49 19035833
2014 Chemical composition of Propolis Extract ACF® and activity against herpes simplex virus. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology 47 25022206
2005 Targeted deletion of the murine apobec-1 complementation factor (acf) gene results in embryonic lethality. Molecular and cellular biology 45 16055734
2007 ACF catalyses chromatosome movements in chromatin fibres. The EMBO journal 43 17962805
2002 New PET imaging agent for the serotonin transporter: [(18)F]ACF (2-[(2-amino-4-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)thio]-N,N-dimethyl-benzenmethanamine). Journal of medicinal chemistry 43 12361398
2018 Apobec1 complementation factor (A1CF) and RBM47 interact in tissue-specific regulation of C to U RNA editing in mouse intestine and liver. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 42 30309881
2017 What impact has the NIHR Academic Clinical Fellowship (ACF) scheme had on clinical academic careers in England over the last 10 years? A retrospective study. BMJ open 40 28606905
2019 The RNA-Binding Protein A1CF Regulates Hepatic Fructose and Glycerol Metabolism via Alternative RNA Splicing. Cell reports 39 31597092
2004 Involvement of reactive oxygen species in the bactericidal activity of activated carbon fibre supporting silver; Bactericidal activity of ACF(Ag) mediated by ROS. Journal of inorganic biochemistry 34 15149815
2006 Loss of heterozygosity in human aberrant crypt foci (ACF), a putative precursor of colon cancer. Carcinogenesis 32 16474178
2001 Isolation, characterization and developmental regulation of the human apobec-1 complementation factor (ACF) gene. Biochimica et biophysica acta 32 11718896
2014 B-RAF mutation and accumulated gene methylation in aberrant crypt foci (ACF), sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P) and cancer in SSA/P. British journal of cancer 31 25314065
2011 The adenovirus E4orf4 protein targets PP2A to the ACF chromatin-remodeling factor and induces cell death through regulation of SNF2h-containing complexes. Nucleic acids research 30 21546548
2017 APOBEC1 complementation factor (A1CF) is dispensable for C-to-U RNA editing in vivo. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 29 28069890
2009 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and 5-sulfooxymethylfurfural increase adenoma and flat ACF number in the intestine of Min/+ mice. Anticancer research 29 19528448
2003 Whey proteins protect more than red meat against azoxymethane induced ACF in Wistar rats. Cancer letters 29 12893429
2004 Optimization of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing by APOBEC1 apoenzyme and the role of its auxiliary factor, ACF. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 28 15273326
2005 Increased levels of PPARbeta/delta and cyclin D1 in flat dysplastic ACF and adenomas in Apc(Min/+) mice. Anticancer research 27 16309164
2000 Transcriptional analysis of chromatin assembled with purified ACF and dNAP1 reveals that acetyl-CoA is required for preinitiation complex assembly. The Journal of biological chemistry 27 11054407
2019 Comparison of RNA Editing Activity of APOBEC1-A1CF and APOBEC1-RBM47 Complexes Reconstituted in HEK293T Cells. Journal of molecular biology 23 30844405
2018 CHRAC/ACF contribute to the repressive ground state of chromatin. Life science alliance 23 30456345
2016 Parent-of-origin effects of A1CF and AGO2 on testicular germ-cell tumors, testicular abnormalities, and fertilization bias. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 23 27582469
2019 Inhibition of the aberrant A1CF-FAM224A-miR-590-3p-ZNF143 positive feedback loop attenuated malignant biological behaviors of glioma cells. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 20 31186064
2022 The ACF chromatin-remodeling complex is essential for Polycomb repression. eLife 16 35257662
2007 Progression of tumors arising from large ACF is associated with the MUC5AC expression during rat colon MNNG carcinogenis. International journal of cancer 16 17066439
2020 Cannabinoid Effects on Experimental Colorectal Cancer Models Reduce Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) and Tumor Volume: A Systematic Review. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 15 32765628
2012 Kinetic control of nucleosome displacement by ISWI/ACF chromatin remodelers. Physical review letters 15 23005680
2011 Kinetic proofreading in chromatin remodeling: the case of ISWI/ACF. Biophysical journal 15 21843463
2021 Dysbiosis Triggers ACF Development in Genetically Predisposed Subjects. Cancers 13 33466665
2016 Apobec-1 Complementation Factor (A1CF) Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Migration of Normal Rat Kidney Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells. International journal of molecular sciences 12 26848653
2004 Vitamin A prevents high fat diet-induced ACF development and modifies the pattern of expression of peroxisome proliferator and retinoic acid receptor m-RNA. Nutrition and cancer 12 15203375
2010 APOBEC-1 complementation factor (ACF) forms RNA-dependent multimers. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 11 20541536
2007 Prevalence and clinical significance of antibodies to citrullinated fibrinogen (ACF) in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical rheumatology 11 17661121
2019 A1CF-Axin2 signal axis regulates apoptosis and migration in Wilms tumor-derived cells through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal 10 30825095
2019 A1CF-promoted colony formation and proliferation of RCC depends on DKK1-MEK/ERK signal axis. Gene 10 31881249
2012 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) efficacy for colorectal aberrant crypt foci (ACF): a double-blind randomized controlled trial. BMC cancer 10 22992267
2001 A mucinous histochemical study on malignancy of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rat colon. The Journal of veterinary medical science 10 11258449
2020 Dietary PlsEtn Ameliorates Colon Mucosa Inflammatory Stress and ACF in DMH-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis Mice: Protective Role of Vinyl Ether Linkage. Lipids 8 32989804
2005 Metallothionein crypt-restricted immunopositivity indices (MTCRII) correlate with aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in mouse colon. British journal of cancer 8 15928667
1979 Linkage of the locus for conversion of albumin (Acf-1) in the house mouse, Mus musculus. Biochemical genetics 7 454356
2025 HNF1A and A1CF coordinate a beta cell transcription-splicing axis that is disrupted in type 2 diabetes. Cell metabolism 5 40774250
2009 Reconstitution of nucleosomal arrays using recombinant Drosophila ACF and NAP1. Cold Spring Harbor protocols 5 20147123
2020 A novel UV-assisted PEC-MFC system with CeO2/TiO2/ACF catalytic cathode for gas phase VOCs treatment. Chemosphere 4 32402878
2015 Unpolished Thai rice prevents ACF formation and dysplastic progression in AOM-induced rats and induces apoptosis through redox alteration in CaCo-2 cells. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 4 25854369
2012 Stochastic description of single nucleosome repositioning by ACF remodelers. Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics 4 23005140
2009 Mi2beta shows chromatin enzyme specificity by erasing a DNase I-hypersensitive site established by ACF. The Journal of biological chemistry 4 19158090
2009 Glycine- and proline-rich glycoprotein regulates the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis for ACF formation in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated A/J mice. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 4 19184365
1996 Detection of cell-surface antigens using antibody-conjugated fluorospheres (ACF): application for six-color immunofluorescence. BioTechniques 4 8879591
1991 Identification of a novel transcription factor, ACF, in cultured avian fibroblast cells that interacts with a Marek's disease virus late gene promoter. Virology 4 1656607
2023 Robust classification using average correlations as features (ACF). BMC bioinformatics 3 36941542
2020 Synergetic effect between adsorption and photodegradation on rGO/TiO2/ACF composites for dynamic toluene gaseous removal. Environmental science and pollution research international 3 31927732
2020 Interactomics Analyses of Wild-Type and Mutant A1CF Reveal Diverged Functions in Regulating Cellular Lipid Metabolism. Journal of proteome research 3 32786677
2017 Screening of invasive fungal infections by a real-time panfungal (pan-ACF) polymerase chain reaction assay in patients with haematological malignancy. Indian journal of medical microbiology 3 28303817
2009 Purification of recombinant Drosophila ACF. Cold Spring Harbor protocols 3 20147124
2025 Construction of Antibacterial MoS2-ACF Phenotype Switcher for Bidirectionally Regulating Inflammation-Proliferation Transition in Wound Healing. Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 2 40077188
2019 Correction to: A1CF-Axin2 signal axis regulates apoptosis and migration in Wilms tumor-derived cells through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal 2 31209722
2014 ACF takes the driver's seat. Molecular cell 2 25105485
2014 The cyclic hexapeptide AcF attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury and mortality in rats. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 2 25317810
2024 A1CF Binding to the p65 Interaction Site on NKRF Decreased IFN-β Expression and p65 Phosphorylation (Ser536) in Renal Carcinoma Cells. International journal of molecular sciences 1 38612387
2022 Genetically-biased fertilization in APOBEC1 complementation factor (A1cf) mutant mice. Scientific reports 1 35948620
2018 Differences Between the Intestinal Lumen Microbiota of Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF)-Bearing and Non-bearing Rats. Digestive diseases and sciences 1 30014223
2026 Metabolism of the Isoflavone Derivative Structural Isomers ACF-02 and ACF-03 in Human Liver Microsomes. Pharmaceutics 0 41599221
2025 Optimization of main components of artificial compound feed (ACF) for Hippocampus kuda based on the synergistic expression of biological clock genes. Fish physiology and biochemistry 0 40448724
2025 CircMTND5 participates in tubulointerstitial injury in lupus nephritis by binding with A1CF protein. International immunopharmacology 0 40850203

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