| 2010 |
The WW domain of TAZ binds WBP2 through interaction with the PPXY-containing C-terminal region of WBP2. Point mutations in the WW domain of TAZ abolished interaction with WBP2 and abolished TAZ-driven transformation and transcriptional activation of ITGB2. Forced fusion of WBP2 (or its TAZ-interacting C-terminal domain) to WW-mutant TAZ rescued transforming and transcription-promoting ability, establishing that WW domain–WBP2 interaction is required for TAZ oncogenic activity. |
Proteomic interaction screen, co-immunoprecipitation, WW domain point mutagenesis, cell transformation assay, transcription reporter assay, RNAi knockdown, overexpression |
Oncogene |
High |
20972459
|
| 2011 |
Drosophila Wbp2 interacts with Yorkie (the fly ortholog of YAP/TAZ) in a WW domain- and PY motif-dependent manner, enhances Yorkie's transcriptional co-activator properties, is required for normal wing growth, and genetically suppresses overgrowth caused by loss of the warts tumor suppressor gene, placing Wbp2 as a downstream component of the Salvador-Warts-Hippo pathway. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, genetic epistasis (warts loss-of-function suppression), in vivo tissue growth assay, transcription reporter assay in Drosophila |
Cell death and differentiation |
High |
21311569
|
| 2012 |
The WW1 domain of WWOX tumor suppressor binds PPXY motifs within WBP2 in a physiologically relevant manner; the WW2 domain shows no affinity for these motifs due to chemically distinct residues (E66/Y85 vs. R25/W44). Introduction of E66R/Y85W double substitution into WW2 confers gain-of-function binding to WBP2, stronger than wild-type WW1. WW1 is structurally disordered and folds upon ligand binding, while WW2 is pre-structured and acts as a chaperone to stabilize and augment WW1 ligand binding. |
Isothermal titration calorimetry, circular dichroism, molecular modeling, site-directed mutagenesis (E66R/Y85W gain-of-function) |
Journal of molecular biology |
High |
22634283
|
| 2011 |
The WW1 and WW2 domains of YAP2 both recognize PPXY motifs within WBP1 and WBP2 in a promiscuous manner; both WW domains strictly require the consensus PPXY sequence; a PPXYXG motif (glycine one residue C-terminal of the consensus tyrosine) is bound with highest affinity by both domains. Binding interactions are highly dynamic with rapid nanosecond-scale conformational fluctuations. |
Isothermal titration calorimetry, circular dichroism, molecular modeling, molecular dynamics simulation |
Biochemistry |
High |
21981024
|
| 2016 |
WBP2 protein stability is controlled by the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH, which binds WBP2 and targets it for ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Wnt3A signaling stabilizes WBP2 by disrupting ITCH–WBP2 interaction via EGFR-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of WBP2 and competitive binding of TAZ/YAP. Stabilized nuclear WBP2 interacts with β-catenin and activates TCF-mediated transcription. ITCH silencing elevates WBP2 levels; ITCH-mediated WBP2 degradation inhibits TCF/β-catenin transcription, in vitro transformation, and in vivo tumorigenesis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, RNAi knockdown, proteasome inhibitor treatment, in vitro transformation assay, in vivo xenograft, tyrosine phosphorylation analysis, somatic mutation analysis of ITCH |
Cancer research |
High |
27578003
|
| 2016 |
WBP2 acts as a transcriptional coactivator for estrogen receptor α (ESR1) and progesterone receptor (PGR) in the cochlea; loss of Wbp2 expression in mice leads to progressive high-frequency hearing loss with a primary defect at inner hair cell afferent (glutamatergic) synapses. |
Mouse knockout (Wbp2-deficient), auditory function testing, electron microscopy of cochlear synapses, histology |
EMBO molecular medicine |
Medium |
26881968
|
| 2017 |
WBP2 functions as a co-factor of YAP that enhances YAP/TEAD-mediated gene transcription in epidermal stem cells. WBP2 deletion in mouse skin reduces proliferation in neonatal and wounded adult epidermis. In reconstituted epidermis, YAP/WBP2 activity is controlled by intercellular adhesion rather than canonical Hippo signaling. |
Genome-wide pooled RNAi screen, mouse conditional knockout, immunofluorescence, TEAD reporter assay, reconstituted epidermis model |
Nature communications |
High |
28332498
|
| 2004 |
WBP-2 binds Pax8 (a thyroid-specific transcription factor) in vitro via pulldown and in vivo via co-immunoprecipitation; the interaction is mediated by a novel protein-interacting domain in the C-terminal portion of Pax8 (not a WW domain). WBP-2 does not act as a transcriptional co-activator of Pax8 but behaves as an adaptor molecule in this context. |
Immunological/yeast screening, GST pulldown, co-immunoprecipitation, transcription assay (negative result for co-activation) |
The Biochemical journal |
Medium |
14531730
|
| 2018 |
WBP2 interacts with ERα (estrogen receptor α) and directly modulates MDR1 (ABCB1) transcription through binding to ERα; chromatin immunoprecipitation confirmed ERα occupancy at the MDR1 promoter is WBP2-dependent, increasing chemoresistance to doxorubicin. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RNAi knockdown, overexpression, MTT cell viability, flow cytometry, in vivo xenograft |
British journal of cancer |
High |
29937544
|
| 2018 |
WBP2 primes TNBC cells for Wnt responses by upregulating GPS1 and TNIK; GPS1 activates the JNK/Jun pathway, which forms a positive feedback loop with TNIK to mediate Wnt-induced AXIN2 expression. WBP2 is required for expression of core Wnt target genes including AXIN2, which is essential for Wnt/WBP2-driven cancer growth and migration. |
RNAi coupled with RNA-Seq and mass spectrometry, functional rescue, migration and growth assays, pathway inhibitor studies |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
30442712
|
| 2018 |
USF-1 (upstream stimulatory factor 1) is a key transcription factor that directly drives WBP2 transcription via an E-box motif in the WBP2 minimal promoter; AKT-mediated phosphorylation of USF-1 (stimulated by insulin/PI3K signaling) enhances USF-1 binding to the WBP2 promoter and activates WBP2 transcription. |
Yeast one-hybrid, promoter reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, tandem mass spectrometry, AKT inhibitor treatment, mutational analysis of E-box |
FASEB journal |
Medium |
30183375
|
| 2018 |
WBP2 is localized to the postacrosomal sheath (PAS) and perforatorium of the sperm perinuclear theca in mice, with highest expression in round spermatids during spermatogenesis. Microinjection of recombinant WBP2 into metaphase II mouse oocytes activates oocytes at comparable rates to WBP2NL (PAWP), identifying WBP2 as a candidate sperm-borne oocyte-activating factor. |
Immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, recombinant protein microinjection into MII oocytes |
Biology of reproduction |
Medium |
30010725
|
| 2020 |
ITCH (E3 ubiquitin ligase) attenuates CD4 T-cell proliferation by promoting WBP2 proteasomal degradation; Itch-deficient CD4 T cells show increased WBP2 protein stability and hyperproliferation. Itch and WBP2 physically interact in CD4 T cells. WBP2 knockdown reduces CD4 T-cell proliferation. |
Whole-cell proteomics of primary mouse Itch-KO CD4 T cells, protein stability assay, co-immunoprecipitation, RNAi knockdown, in vitro and in vivo proliferation assays |
European journal of immunology |
Medium |
32459862
|
| 2021 |
WBP2 competitively binds to the WW domain of WWC3 via its PPxY motifs, displacing LATS1 from the WWC3-LATS1 complex, thereby reducing LATS1 phosphorylation, suppressing Hippo pathway activity, and ultimately promoting YAP nuclear translocation and NSCLC progression. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, phosphorylation assays, nuclear/cytoplasmic fractionation, gain- and loss-of-function experiments in lung cancer cells, in vivo xenograft |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
33837178
|
| 2021 |
WBP2 physically interacts with LATS2 kinase and inhibits LATS2 phosphorylation and activity; WBP2 knockdown increases p-LATS2 with concomitant increase in p-YAP, causing cytoplasmic YAP retention and inhibition of YAP/TEAD target genes (CTGF, CYR61). Loss of LATS2 reverses Hippo pathway activation caused by WBP2 knockdown, establishing LATS2 as the functional effector downstream of WBP2 in this context. |
Mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics, co-immunoprecipitation, phosphorylation assay, RNAi epistasis (LATS2 rescue), reporter assay, migration assay |
FASEB journal |
Medium |
33475198
|
| 2021 |
WBP2 suppresses microRNA biogenesis by blocking processing of pri-miRNAs to pre-miRNAs; mechanistically, WBP2 physically interacts with components of the microprocessor complex (DGCR8, DDX5, DDX17) and negatively regulates assembly of this complex. WBP2 blocks the tumor-suppressive properties of DGCR8. |
Co-immunoprecipitation of microprocessor components, pri-miRNA processing assay, 2D and 3D in vitro proliferation assays, RNAi |
Life science alliance |
Medium |
34117091
|
| 2021 |
WBP2 promotes TNBC cell migration and invasion via TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB activation; mechanistically, WBP2 enhances mRNA stability of BTRC (β-TrCP), the E3 ligase that ubiquitinates IκBα, leading to IκBα degradation and NF-κB nuclear translocation. IκBα overexpression rescues the WBP2-driven invasive phenotype; BTRC loss blocks WBP2-driven migration. |
Proteogenomic analysis (TCGA), RNAi knockdown, mRNA stability assay, NF-κB reporter assay, nuclear fractionation, migration/invasion assays, epistasis (IκBα rescue, BTRC knockdown) |
Molecular oncology |
Medium |
34197030
|
| 2023 |
WBP2 interacts with GPX4 via its PPXY1 motif and inhibits ferroptosis by competing with HSC70 for binding to KFERQ-like motifs on GPX4, thereby decelerating chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) and lysosomal degradation of GPX4. WBP2 downregulation in cisplatin-induced AKI accelerates GPX4 degradation and ferroptosis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (WBP2-GPX4, WBP2-HSC70), competitive binding assay, lysosomal inhibitor experiments, ferroptosis assays, in vivo cisplatin AKI model, bioinformatics |
Redox biology |
Medium |
37516014
|
| 2024 |
Dyrk1b kinase promotes ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of Wbp2 in a kinase activity-dependent manner in hepatocytes; restoration of hepatic Wbp2 partially rescues impaired glucose homeostasis caused by Dyrk1b overexpression, placing Wbp2 downstream of Dyrk1b in hepatic glucose regulation. |
Quantitative proteomics, in vivo mouse overexpression/knockout, ubiquitylation assay, kinase-dead mutant (Dyrk1b kinase inhibitor AZ191), Wbp2 restoration rescue experiment |
Heliyon |
Medium |
39296215
|
| 2024 |
E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH mediates proteasomal degradation of WBP2 (ligase-dead ITCH C830A mutant loses this activity); WBP2 overexpression drives chemoresistance via activation of the AMOTL2/c-JUN axis; exogenous ITCH suppresses WBP2-mediated chemoresistance and AMOTL2/c-JUN activation in a proteasome-dependent manner. |
RNA sequencing, co-immunoprecipitation, proteasome inhibitor (MG132) rescue, ITCH C830A ligase-dead mutagenesis, in vivo xenograft, AMOTL2 knockdown, c-JUN antagonist |
Biochemical pharmacology |
Medium |
39709035
|
| 2026 |
E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1 interacts with WBP2 in human heart tissue; co-localization and proximity ligation assays confirmed endogenous interaction. Using yeast two-hybrid, the interaction was mapped to WW domains 1 and 3 of WWP1 and PY (PPXY) domains 2 and 3 of WBP2. |
Yeast two-hybrid screen (human heart library), immunofluorescence, proximity ligation assay, domain-deletion mapping |
Biology open |
Medium |
41891541
|