Affinage

WASF1

Actin-binding protein WASF1 · UniProt Q92558

Length
559 aa
Mass
61.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 24 papers cited in narrative 24 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

WASF1/WAVE1 is a central regulator of Arp2/3-dependent branched actin nucleation that functions in lamellipodia formation, dendritic spine morphogenesis, myelination, receptor endocytosis, and transcriptional reprogramming. It resides in an autoinhibited pentameric WAVE regulatory complex (with PIR121, Nap125, HSPC300) that is activated by Rac1 and Nck, releasing WAVE1 to stimulate Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization; its activity is further tuned by inhibitory Cdk5 phosphorylation at Ser310/397/441, activating Src phosphorylation at Tyr125, and dephosphorylation by PP2A and PP2B downstream of D1 dopamine and NMDA receptors (PMID:12181570, PMID:16862120, PMID:16317717, PMID:20403076). Beyond cytoskeletal control, WAVE1 scaffolds signaling complexes involving WRP (Rac-GAP), pancortin-2/Bcl-xL at mitochondria to regulate ischemia-induced apoptosis, and APP at the Golgi to control amyloidogenic vesicle trafficking, and it participates in nuclear transcriptional reprogramming through its WHD domain (PMID:12447388, PMID:17301160, PMID:26280122, PMID:23990560). De novo truncating mutations in WASF1 that disrupt the C-terminal WCA domain cause intellectual disability with seizures and autistic features (PMID:29961568).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 14 steps
  1. 1998 High

    Establishing that WAVE1 physically engages the Arp2/3 complex and is required for lamellipodia formation answered the fundamental question of how WAVE family proteins connect upstream signals to branched actin nucleation.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation and dominant-negative overexpression in mammalian cells

    PMID:9889097

    Open questions at the time
    • Upstream activating signals were unknown
    • Whether WAVE1 alone is sufficient for Arp2/3 activation was untested
    • Stoichiometry and structure of the interaction were not resolved
  2. 2002 High

    Identification of the autoinhibited WAVE1 complex (PIR121/Nap125/HSPC300) and demonstration that Rac1 and Nck dissociate it to release active WAVE1 resolved how WAVE1 is kept inactive and how upstream GTPase signaling triggers actin nucleation.

    Evidence Mass spectrometry identification plus in vitro actin nucleation reconstitution with purified components

    PMID:12181570

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether complex dissociation occurs in vivo was debated
    • Structural basis of autoinhibition was unresolved
    • Whether other WRC-activating inputs exist was unknown
  3. 2002 High

    Discovery that WRP (a Rac-GAP) binds WAVE1 directly and terminates Rac signaling established WAVE1 as a scaffold that organizes both activation and deactivation of the Rac pathway.

    Evidence Tandem mass spectrometry, SH3 domain pulldown, in vivo Rac activity assays

    PMID:12447388

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether other GAPs or GEFs associate with the WAVE1 complex was unexplored
    • In vivo significance in specific tissues was not tested
  4. 2003 High

    WAVE1 knockout mice revealed postnatal lethality, tremor, and severe CNS malformations, establishing that WAVE1 is essential for brain development and cannot be fully compensated by other WAVE isoforms.

    Evidence Gene-trap knockout mouse with neuroanatomical and behavioral analysis

    PMID:12716942

    Open questions at the time
    • Cell-type-specific contributions within the CNS were undefined
    • Whether peripheral phenotypes also contribute to lethality was unclear
  5. 2005 High

    Distinguishing WAVE1 and WAVE2 functions in cell spreading showed that WAVE1 specifically stabilizes lamellipodial protrusions and restrains actin extension speed, rather than merely initiating protrusion.

    Evidence WAVE1 and WAVE2 KO MEFs with live-cell imaging during fibronectin spreading

    PMID:15836768

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis for functional distinction between WAVE1 and WAVE2 was unknown
    • Whether the distinction holds in all cell types was not tested
  6. 2006 High

    Identification of Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation at Ser310/397/441 as an inhibitory modification and Src phosphorylation at Tyr125 as an activating modification established that WAVE1 activity is bidirectionally tuned by kinases to control dendritic spine density and Arp2/3 binding affinity.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assays, phospho-mimetic/ablation mutants, neuronal spine morphology, Arp2/3 co-IP

    PMID:16317717 PMID:16862120

    Open questions at the time
    • Which phosphatases reverse Cdk5 sites in vivo was not yet identified
    • Whether Src and Cdk5 phosphorylation events are coordinated was unexplored
  7. 2006 High

    Demonstration that WAVE1 is required in oligodendrocytes for process outgrowth and CNS myelination expanded its role beyond neurons to glial biology.

    Evidence WAVE1 KO mouse with oligodendrocyte culture and white-matter histology

    PMID:16723544

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether WAVE1 loss affects Schwann cell myelination was untested
    • Downstream actin targets in oligodendrocytes were not mapped
  8. 2007 High

    Discovery of a mitochondria-associated pancortin-2/WAVE1/Bcl-xL complex that promotes ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis revealed a non-cytoskeletal scaffolding function for WAVE1 in cell death signaling.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, subcellular fractionation, pancortin conditional KO mouse with focal ischemia

    PMID:17301160

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether WAVE1's actin-nucleation activity is required for the apoptotic function was unclear
    • Generalizability beyond ischemia models was untested
  9. 2010 Medium

    Identification of PP2A (downstream of D1/PKA) and PP2B/calcineurin (downstream of NMDA/Ca²⁺) as the phosphatases that dephosphorylate and activate WAVE1 at Cdk5 sites closed the activation loop linking neurotransmitter receptors to actin remodeling.

    Evidence Phosphatase inhibitors, receptor agonist/antagonist pharmacology, phospho-specific western blotting in neurons

    PMID:20403076

    Open questions at the time
    • Site specificity of each phosphatase was not fully resolved in vivo
    • Whether these phosphatases act on WAVE1 in non-neuronal cells was unknown
  10. 2013 High

    Discovery that WAVE1 localizes to the nucleus and promotes RNA polymerase II-dependent transcriptional reprogramming via its WHD domain revealed an unexpected nuclear function independent of Arp2/3-mediated actin nucleation.

    Evidence Subcellular fractionation, immunoprecipitation, WAVE1 knockdown in Xenopus oocytes/embryos with transcriptional reporter assays

    PMID:23990560

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether nuclear WAVE1 function is conserved in mammals was not shown
    • The mechanism by which WHD domain engages the transcription machinery was unclear
    • Whether actin polymerization contributes to the nuclear role was not excluded
  11. 2015 High

    Showing that WAVE1 interacts with APP at the Golgi, promotes APP-containing vesicle budding, and that AICD negatively regulates WASF1 transcription established a bidirectional WAVE1-APP regulatory loop relevant to Alzheimer's disease amyloid production.

    Evidence ChIP, co-IP, confocal microscopy, vesicle budding assays, AD mouse model behavioral rescue

    PMID:26280122

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether WAVE1 reduction is viable as a therapeutic strategy long-term was not addressed
    • Structural basis for WAVE1-APP interaction was unknown
  12. 2017 High

    Conditional WAVE1 knockout in D1-MSNs abolished cocaine reward and cocaine-induced spine remodeling, establishing WAVE1 as a cell-type-specific effector of drug-induced synaptic plasticity in the mesolimbic circuit.

    Evidence Cre-loxP conditional KO in D1 vs D2 neurons, CPP, locomotor sensitization, electrophysiology, spine counting

    PMID:28115704

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether WAVE1 mediates plasticity for natural rewards was not tested
    • Identity of the upstream Rac-GEF in D1-MSNs was unknown
  13. 2018 Medium

    Identification of de novo truncating WASF1 mutations in patients with intellectual disability, seizures, and autistic features, validated by actin remodeling defects in patient fibroblasts, established WASF1 as a neurodevelopmental disease gene.

    Evidence Exome/whole-genome sequencing plus fibroblast functional assays

    PMID:29961568

    Open questions at the time
    • Genotype-phenotype correlation across more patients was limited
    • Whether the truncated protein acts as dominant-negative or loss-of-function was not fully resolved
  14. 2020 High

    CRISPR-based dissection in melanoma cells confirmed WAVE1/WAVE2 redundancy for lamellipodia formation but revealed that WAVE1 specifically restricts actin extension rate and couples actin networks to membrane, refining the mechanistic distinction between isoforms.

    Evidence CRISPR/Cas9 KO, quantitative live-cell imaging of actin dynamics and protrusion

    PMID:32697617

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for isoform-specific actin dynamics was not determined
    • Whether this distinction applies in neurons or other differentiated cells was untested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The structural basis for WRC autoinhibition in the context of full-length WAVE1, the mechanism by which WAVE1's WHD domain engages nuclear transcription machinery in mammalian cells, and the pathogenic mechanism of disease-causing truncation mutations (dominant-negative vs. haploinsufficiency) remain unresolved.
  • No high-resolution structure of WAVE1-containing WRC in autoinhibited vs. active states
  • Nuclear function of WAVE1 not validated in mammalian systems
  • Dominant-negative vs. loss-of-function mechanism for disease mutations is unresolved

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 6 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 5 GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 1
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 6 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 3 GO:0005634 nucleus 1 GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus 1 GO:0005829 cytosol 1
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 7 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 3 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2
Partners
APPARPC2BCL2L1BRK1CDK5CYFIP1NCKAP1WRP
Complex memberships
WAVE regulatory complex (WRC)pancortin-2/WAVE1/Bcl-xL complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 24 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1998 WASF1/Scar1 interacts with the Arp2/3 complex through its C-terminal domain (specifically via the p21 subunit). Overexpression of the C-terminal Arp2/3-binding fragment disrupts Arp2/3 localization and abolishes lamellipodia formation, including PDGF-induced lamellipodia. Co-immunoprecipitation, deletion analysis, dominant-negative overexpression in cells Current biology : CB High 9889097
2002 WAVE1 exists in an inactive heterotetrameric complex with PIR121, Nap125, and HSPC300. Recombinant WAVE1 alone is constitutively active for actin nucleation, but the intact complex is inactive. Rac1 and the adapter protein Nck cause dissociation of the complex, releasing active WAVE1-HSPC300 and leading to Arp2/3-dependent actin nucleation. Mass spectrometry identification of complex components, in vitro actin nucleation assays with recombinant proteins, complex dissociation assays Nature High 12181570
2002 WAVE1 forms a signaling complex that includes WRP, a Rac-selective GTPase-activating protein. WRP binds directly to WAVE1 through its SH3 domain and specifically inhibits Rac function in vivo, functioning as a signal termination factor for Rac-WAVE1 signaling. Tandem mass spectrometry, direct binding assay (SH3 domain pulldown), in vivo Rac activity assays Nature cell biology High 12447388
2003 VEGF stimulation recruits WAVE1 to membrane ruffles where it acts as a scaffold binding p47phox (NADPH oxidase adapter) and Rac1/PAK1. This complex mediates VEGF-induced oxidant production and ruffle formation; disruption of the WAVE1-p47phox interaction decreases VEGF-induced ruffling. Co-immunoprecipitation, dominant-negative/ectopic expression, pharmacological inhibition of oxidants The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 12855698
2003 WAVE1 knockout mice exhibit postnatal lethality, severe limb weakness, resting tremor, and notable neuroanatomical malformations, demonstrating that WAVE1 is required for normal CNS development. WAVE1 expression becomes increasingly restricted to the CNS during development. Retroviral gene trap knockout mouse, heterologous reporter gene expression analysis, neuroanatomical examination The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience High 12716942
2004 WAVE1 functions as an A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) and localizes to the mitochondrial sheath in mature mammalian sperm, where it co-localizes with the regulatory subunit II of PKA (PKA RII) and Rac1, suggesting a functional signaling unit in the sperm mid-piece. Immunocytochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, western blotting Human reproduction (Oxford, England) Medium 15471936
2005 WAVE1 is required for stabilization of lamellipodial protrusions during cell spreading on fibronectin, distinct from WAVE2 which is required for initial lamellipodial extension. In WAVE1 KO MEFs, actin filament density at spreading edges is decreased and membrane extension speed is increased, causing deformation of focal complexes. WAVE1 and WAVE2 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, live-cell imaging during spreading, actin dynamics analysis Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms High 15836768
2006 WAVE1 is phosphorylated at multiple serine residues (Ser310, Ser397, Ser441) by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) both in vitro and in intact mouse neurons. Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation inhibits WAVE1's ability to regulate Arp2/3-dependent actin polymerization. Loss of WAVE1 or expression of a phosphorylation-mimic mutant decreases mature dendritic spines; dephosphorylation-mimic reverses this. cAMP signaling reduces Cdk5-site phosphorylation and increases spine density in a WAVE1-dependent manner. In vitro kinase assay, phosphorylation-mimic and dephosphorylation-mimic mutants, in vitro actin polymerization assay, neuronal culture spine morphology analysis Nature High 16862120
2006 Src phosphorylates WAVE1/Scar1 at tyrosine 125 in vitro and in vivo. This phosphorylation enhances WAVE1's ability to bind the Arp2/3 complex and regulates actin polymerization in cells. In vitro kinase assay, site-directed mutagenesis (Y125), co-immunoprecipitation with Arp2/3 complex, cellular actin polymerization assay Cell motility and the cytoskeleton High 16317717
2006 WAVE1 is expressed in oligodendrocytes and localizes to the lamella leading edge. Dominant-negative WAVE1 impairs process outgrowth and lamellipodia formation in cultured oligodendrocytes. WAVE1-/- mice show regional hypomyelination in corpus callosum and optic nerve, demonstrating a cell-autonomous role for WAVE1 in oligodendrocyte morphogenesis and CNS myelination. Dominant-negative expression, WAVE1 KO mouse, oligodendrocyte isolation and process counting, white matter histology The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience High 16723544
2007 WAVE1 interacts with pancortin-2 and Bcl-xL in a mitochondria-associated protein complex in adult cortical neurons. Focal ischemic stroke induces formation of this pancortin-2/WAVE1/Bcl-xL complex, which increases Bax-mitochondria association, cytochrome c release, and neuronal apoptosis. In pancortin-null mice, ischemia-induced WAVE1-Bcl-xL interaction is diminished and neurons are protected. Co-immunoprecipitation, subcellular fractionation, pancortin conditional KO mouse (Cre-loxP), focal ischemia model The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience High 17301160
2007 WAVE1/Scar1 is required downstream of GPVI (collagen receptor) signaling for lamellipodia formation and platelet aggregation. WAVE1-/- platelets show markedly inhibited lamellipodia formation on collagen-related peptide (CRP) and laminin but not on collagen (which requires GPCR agonists), indicating isoform-specific pathway selectivity. WAVE1 KO mouse platelets, spreading assays on various substrates, aggregation assays Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH High 17319906
2008 Dimerization of WAVE/WASP family proteins increases their affinity for the Arp2/3 complex by up to 180-fold, providing an additional layer of regulation superimposed upon allosteric activation. This dimerization-based mechanism explains activation by bacterial effectors, SH3-domain proteins, membrane clustering, and large complex assembly. In vitro actin nucleation assays, biophysical binding measurements, engineered dimerization constructs Molecular cell High 18995840
2009 17β-estradiol rapidly phosphorylates WAVE1 at Ser310, Ser397, and Ser441 in rat cortical neurons via an ERα/Gαi/Src/Rac1/Cdk5 signaling cascade. Phosphorylated WAVE1 redistributes to the cell membrane at sites of dendritic spine formation, where it concentrates Arp2/3 complex and promotes local actin reorganization. Silencing WAVE1 abolishes E2-induced dendritic spine increase. Phospho-specific antibodies, siRNA knockdown, dominant-negative constructs, live imaging of spine formation in cortical neurons Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) Medium 19460862
2009 WAVE1 interacts with Bcl-2 at mitochondria in leukemia cells and functions as a negative regulator of apoptosis. WAVE1 depletion leads to mitochondrial release of Bcl-2, phosphorylation of ASK1/JNK and Bcl-2, increased reactive oxygen species, and restored sensitivity to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation, RNA interference, gene transfection, subcellular fractionation, ROS measurement Leukemia Medium 19890377
2010 WAVE1 is dephosphorylated (activated) at Ser310, Ser397, and Ser441 in response to D1 dopamine receptor stimulation (acting through cAMP/PKA/PP2A) and NMDA glutamate receptor stimulation (acting through Ca2+/PP2B/calcineurin). PP2A and PP2B act on different phosphorylation sites and mediate distinct receptor-induced signaling pathways leading to WAVE1 activation. Phosphatase inhibitor experiments, receptor agonist/antagonist pharmacology, phospho-specific western blotting in neurons Journal of neurochemistry Medium 20403076
2011 The NYAP family of phosphoproteins (NYAP1, NYAP2, Myosin16/NYAP3) links PI3K to WAVE1 in neurons. Upon Contactin5 stimulation, NYAPs are phosphorylated by Fyn, interact with PI3K p85, activate PI3K/Akt/Rac1, and simultaneously recruit the WAVE1 complex, bridging a PI3K-WAVE1 association. NYAP gene disruption in mice affects brain size and neurite elongation. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, NYAP knockout mice, neurite elongation assays The EMBO journal High 21946561
2013 Xenopus WAVE1 is present in the oocyte nucleus and is required for efficient transcriptional reprogramming of somatic nuclei and sperm. Nuclear WAVE1 binds active transcription components via its WHD domain and contributes to RNA polymerase II activity. WAVE1 knockdown in embryos causes abnormal development and defective Hox gene activation. Subcellular fractionation, immunoprecipitation, WAVE1 knockdown in Xenopus oocytes/embryos, transcriptional reporter assays Science (New York, N.Y.) High 23990560
2015 APP intracellular domain (AICD) binds the Wasf1 promoter and negatively regulates WAVE1 transcription as part of a feedback mechanism. WAVE1 interacts and co-localizes with APP in the Golgi apparatus. Reducing WAVE1 decreases budding of APP-containing vesicles and reduces cell-surface APP, thereby reducing Aβ production. WAVE1 reduction in an AD mouse model reduces Aβ levels and restores memory deficits. Promoter binding assay (ChIP), co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, APP vesicle budding assay, siRNA knockdown, AD mouse model behavioral testing Nature medicine High 26280122
2016 Retrolinkin interacts with the CYFIP1/2 subunit of the WAVE1 complex. WAVE1 (not N-WASP) is required for BDNF-induced TrkB endocytosis and dendrite outgrowth in CNS neurons. Disruption of retrolinkin-CYFIP1/2 interaction impairs recruitment of WAVE1 to the neuronal plasma membrane upon BDNF stimulation and blocks internalization of activated TrkB via an actin-dependent, clathrin-independent mechanism. Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown of WAVE1, dominant-negative retrolinkin, TrkB endocytosis assays, dendrite morphology analysis Molecular biology of the cell Medium 27605705
2017 WAVE1 knockout specifically in D1 dopamine receptor-expressing neurons (D1-KO), but not D2 neurons, abolishes cocaine conditioned place preference and prevents maintenance of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization. Chronic cocaine followed by withdrawal causes WAVE1 dephosphorylation (activation) in striatum, dependent on D1 and NMDA receptor signaling. WAVE1 D1-KO mice fail to show cocaine-induced decreases in dendritic spine density and AMPA receptor current frequency in D1-MSNs of nucleus accumbens. Cre-loxP conditional KO in D1 vs D2 neurons, behavioral assays (CPP, locomotor sensitization), electrophysiology (AMPA currents), dendritic spine counting, phospho-WAVE1 western blot Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 28115704
2018 De novo truncating mutations in WASF1 (including p.Arg506Ter, p.Gln520Ter, p.Ile494MetfsTer23) that partially or fully disrupt the C-terminal WCA (actin-binding) domain cause intellectual disability with seizures and autistic features. Functional studies in fibroblasts from affected individuals show a truncated WASF1 protein and a defect in actin remodeling. Exome/whole-genome sequencing, fibroblast functional assays (actin remodeling), western blot for truncated protein American journal of human genetics Medium 29961568
2016 WAVE1 knockdown in leukemia cells decreases autophagy flux, blocks Beclin1-PI3K-III complex formation, and disrupts Beclin1-Bcl-2 dissociation during autophagy. WAVE1 depletion promotes Bcl-2 translocation from mitochondria to cytoplasm and increases chemotherapy sensitivity. PI3K-III knockdown significantly inhibits WAVE1-mediated autophagy, placing WAVE1 upstream in a Beclin1/Bcl-2 and Beclin1/PI3K-III complex-dependent pathway. siRNA knockdown, co-immunoprecipitation, autophagic flux assays (LC3-II, p62, autophagosome formation), subcellular fractionation International journal of oncology Medium 27035872
2020 WAVE1 and WAVE2 are redundant for lamellipodia formation and cell motility in B16-F1 melanoma cells. However, WAVE2 KO decreases the rate of leading-edge actin extension while WAVE1 KO increases it. WAVE1 restricts the rate of actin extension at the leading edge and couples actin networks to the membrane to drive protrusion, revealing distinct roles in actin network dynamics despite redundancy in lamellipodia formation. CRISPR/Cas9 double KO, live-cell imaging of actin dynamics, retrograde flow measurement, lamellipodia protrusion analysis Molecular biology of the cell High 32697617

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2011 ROS signaling: the new wave? Trends in plant science 1376 21482172
2012 Engineering the third wave of biocatalysis. Nature 1288 22575958
1998 Scar1 and the related Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, WASP, regulate the actin cytoskeleton through the Arp2/3 complex. Current biology : CB 761 9889097
2002 Mechanism of regulation of WAVE1-induced actin nucleation by Rac1 and Nck. Nature 665 12181570
2013 Surface acoustic wave microfluidics. Lab on a chip 428 23900527
2009 J wave syndromes. Heart rhythm 393 20153265
2007 An actin-based wave generator organizes cell motility. PLoS biology 324 17696648
2003 Survivin study: what is the next wave? Journal of cellular physiology 275 12942537
2020 TDP-43 proteinopathies: a new wave of neurodegenerative diseases. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 267 33177049
2006 Phosphorylation of WAVE1 regulates actin polymerization and dendritic spine morphology. Nature 254 16862120
2017 Propagating Wave of ERK Activation Orients Collective Cell Migration. Developmental cell 220 29112851
2004 Histone deacetylase inhibitors: understanding a new wave of anticancer agents. International journal of cancer 202 15352027
2014 Mechanisms of sharp wave initiation and ripple generation. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 197 25143618
2006 Filopodia formation in the absence of functional WAVE- and Arp2/3-complexes. Molecular biology of the cell 187 16597702
2018 Slow-wave sleep: From the cell to the clinic. Sleep medicine reviews 182 29490885
2003 An overview of shock wave therapy in musculoskeletal disorders. Chang Gung medical journal 178 12846521
2008 Hierarchical regulation of WASP/WAVE proteins. Molecular cell 170 18995840
2002 The WRP component of the WAVE-1 complex attenuates Rac-mediated signalling. Nature cell biology 166 12447388
2006 Survivin study: an update of "what is the next wave"? Journal of cellular physiology 153 16557517
2003 The solitary wave of asexual evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 146 12525686
2005 The next wave in metabolome analysis. Trends in biotechnology 142 16154652
2018 TWEAK and RIPK1 mediate a second wave of cell death during AKI. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 129 29588419
2004 Transdermal drug delivery with a pressure wave. Advanced drug delivery reviews 120 15019746
2009 The WASP and WAVE family proteins. Genome biology 115 19589182
2012 Ultrasound contrast plane wave imaging. IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control 114 23221216
2005 Breaking the WAVE complex: the point of Arabidopsis trichomes. Current opinion in plant biology 111 15653407
2019 Genetic induction and mechanochemical propagation of a morphogenetic wave. Nature 108 31413363
2023 A new wave of innovations within the DNA damage response. Signal transduction and targeted therapy 103 37679326
2020 Extracorporeal shock wave therapy: an update. EFORT open reviews 101 33204500
2011 Involvement of cytokines in slow wave sleep. Progress in brain research 95 21854954
2021 WAVE regulatory complex. Current biology : CB 92 34033782
2006 WAVE1 is required for oligodendrocyte morphogenesis and normal CNS myelination. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 86 16723544
2021 A flexible electromagnetic wave-electricity harvester. Nature communications 84 33547310
2018 Venetoclax: A new wave in hematooncology. Experimental hematology 80 29477371
2003 Characterization of the WAVE1 knock-out mouse: implications for CNS development. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 80 12716942
2013 Nuclear Wave1 is required for reprogramming transcription in oocytes and for normal development. Science (New York, N.Y.) 77 23990560
2003 Vascular endothelial growth factor causes translocation of p47phox to membrane ruffles through WAVE1. The Journal of biological chemistry 75 12855698
2003 Kette regulates actin dynamics and genetically interacts with Wave and Wasp. Development (Cambridge, England) 75 12900458
2009 Rapid signaling of estrogen to WAVE1 and moesin controls neuronal spine formation via the actin cytoskeleton. Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) 74 19460862
2005 Regulation of actin assembly by SCAR/WAVE proteins. Biochemical Society transactions 73 16246088
2003 Experience-dependent slow-wave sleep development. Nature neuroscience 72 12754515
2020 Calcium Wave Promotes Cell Extrusion. Current biology : CB 71 32004455
2013 Phosphoregulation of the WAVE regulatory complex and signal integration. Seminars in cell & developmental biology 71 23354023
2019 Wave patterns organize cellular protrusions and control cortical dynamics. Molecular systems biology 70 30858181
2018 The fourth wave of biocatalysis is approaching. Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences 70 29175831
2008 Expression of Aire and the early wave of apoptosis in spermatogenesis. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 67 18209027
2022 The next wave of cellular immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer. Molecular therapy oncolytics 66 35229033
2012 Pharmaceutical cocrystals: the coming wave of new drug substances. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 57 23192888
2011 NYAP: a phosphoprotein family that links PI3K to WAVE1 signalling in neurons. The EMBO journal 55 21946561
2016 Adhesion-Dependent Wave Generation in Crawling Cells. Current biology : CB 52 27939309
2021 Driving DNA Origami Assembly with a Terahertz Wave. Nano letters 50 34968055
2007 Pancortin-2 interacts with WAVE1 and Bcl-xL in a mitochondria-associated protein complex that mediates ischemic neuronal death. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 50 17301160
2007 Nutrigenetics and nutraceuticals: the next wave riding on personalized medicine. Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 46 17240315
2014 Mouse b-wave mutants. Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology 45 24395437
2004 WAVE/Scars in platelets. Blood 44 15280206
2001 cAMP receptor affinity controls wave dynamics, geometry and morphogenesis in Dictyostelium. Journal of cell science 44 11559759
2010 Kinetochores' gripping feat: conformational wave or biased diffusion? Trends in cell biology 43 20951587
1998 On the conservation of calcium wave speeds. Cell calcium 43 9793683
2015 APP intracellular domain-WAVE1 pathway reduces amyloid-β production. Nature medicine 41 26280122
2009 A nonlinear model of ionic wave propagation along microtubules. European biophysics journal : EBJ 41 19259657
2016 Functional Coordination of WAVE and WASP in C. elegans Neuroblast Migration. Developmental cell 40 27780040
1998 Ca2+ wave dispersion and spiral wave entrainment in Xenopus laevis oocytes overexpressing Ca2+ ATPases. Biophysical chemistry 39 9652090
2009 WAVE1 regulates Bcl-2 localization and phosphorylation in leukemia cells. Leukemia 37 19890377
2018 De Novo Truncating Mutations in WASF1 Cause Intellectual Disability with Seizures. American journal of human genetics 34 29961568
2011 J-wave syndromes. from cell to bedside. Journal of electrocardiology 34 21908004
2006 Src-dependent phosphorylation of Scar1 promotes its association with the Arp2/3 complex. Cell motility and the cytoskeleton 34 16317717
2005 A novel function of WAVE in lamellipodia: WAVE1 is required for stabilization of lamellipodial protrusions during cell spreading. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 34 15836768
2016 Shock Wave Enhances Angiogenesis through VEGFR2 Activation and Recycling. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 33 27925633
1995 Q wave and Non-Q wave myocardial infarction after thrombolysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 33 7594069
2021 A traveling-wave solution for bacterial chemotaxis with growth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 30 34819366
2012 Deterministic versus stochastic cell polarisation through wave-pinning. Bulletin of mathematical biology 30 22956290
2010 Hem-1: putting the "WAVE" into actin polymerization during an immune response. FEBS letters 30 20969869
2008 WAVE1 is associated with invasiveness and growth of prostate cancer cells. The Journal of urology 30 18710763
2018 Systemic Calcium Wave Propagation in Physcomitrella patens. Plant & cell physiology 29 29878186
2008 Expression of the WASP verprolin-homologues (WAVE members) in human breast cancer. Oncology 27 18509249
2004 WAVE1, an A-kinase anchoring protein, during mammalian spermatogenesis. Human reproduction (Oxford, England) 27 15471936
1998 Q wave and non-Q wave myocarditis with special reference to clinical significance. Japanese heart journal 26 10089938
2010 Signaling pathways controlling the phosphorylation state of WAVE1, a regulator of actin polymerization. Journal of neurochemistry 25 20403076
1993 A new wave of serotonin receptors. Current opinion in neurobiology 25 8369625
2016 Retrolinkin recruits the WAVE1 protein complex to facilitate BDNF-induced TrkB endocytosis and dendrite outgrowth. Molecular biology of the cell 24 27605705
2012 Linear fibroblast alignment on sinusoidal wave micropatterns. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 24 23375052
2007 A major role for Scar/WAVE-1 downstream of GPVI in platelets. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 24 17319906
2023 Intercellular transmission of pathogenic proteins in ALS: Exploring the pathogenic wave. Neurobiology of disease 23 37394036
2021 Effect of Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Combined With Ultrashort Wave Diathermy on Fibrosis and Contracture of Muscle. American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation 23 32969968
2020 WAVE1 and WAVE2 have distinct and overlapping roles in controlling actin assembly at the leading edge. Molecular biology of the cell 23 32697617
2000 Head-on collisions of waves in an excitable FitzHugh-Nagumo system: a transition from wave annihilation to classical wave behavior. Journal of theoretical biology 23 10860699
2021 Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress among Adult Former Smoker, Current E-Cigarette Users-Results from Wave 1 PATH Study. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 22 34289969
2014 The ventral tegmentum and dopamine: A new wave of diversity. Neuroscience 22 25453764
1985 Scintigraphic characterization of Q wave and non-Q-wave acute myocardial infarction. American heart journal 21 3984831
1988 Morphology of spikes in spike-and-wave complexes. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology 20 2453327
2016 Knockdown of WAVE1 enhances apoptosis of leukemia cells by downregulating autophagy. International journal of oncology 19 27035872
2015 Colocalization of phosphorylated forms of WAVE1, CRMP2, and tau in Alzheimer's disease model mice: Involvement of Cdk5 phosphorylation and the effect of ATRA treatment. Journal of neuroscience research 19 26400044
2014 Biochemical reconstitution of the WAVE regulatory complex. Methods in enzymology 19 24630101
2021 Effects of Pulsed-Wave Photobiomodulation Therapy on Human Spermatozoa. Lasers in surgery and medicine 18 33792933
2017 WAVE1 in neurons expressing the D1 dopamine receptor regulates cellular and behavioral actions of cocaine. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 17 28115704
2003 Expression of WASP and Scar1/WAVE1 actin-associated proteins is differentially modulated during differentiation of HL-60 cells. Cell motility and the cytoskeleton 17 12601690
2021 A guide to plant TPX2-like and WAVE-DAMPENED2-like proteins. Journal of experimental botany 16 33130902
2017 Shock Wave Therapy Promotes Cardiomyocyte Autophagy and Survival during Hypoxia. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 16 28618416
2014 Shock wave application to cell cultures. Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE 16 24747842
2023 From membrane to nucleus: A three-wave hypothesis of cAMP signaling. The Journal of biological chemistry 15 38016514