Affinage

VEZF1

Vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 · UniProt Q14119

Length
521 aa
Mass
56.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-11
50 papers in source corpus 21 papers cited in narrative 21 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

VEZF1 (DB1/ZNF161) is a Krüppel-like C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor first identified as an endothelial-restricted regulator of blood vascular and lymphatic development, where its dose-dependent loss causes vascular remodeling defects, loss of endothelial integrity, and lymphatic hypervascularization (PMID:9986727, PMID:15882861). It functions as a sequence-specific activator, binding a G-rich element (ACCCCC) to drive endothelial promoters such as endothelin-1 (PMID:11504723), and cooperates with the endothelial transcription factors ETV2 to co-activate Flt1 and promote hematoendothelial gene expression (PMID:36923254). Beyond classical promoter binding, VEZF1 directly recognizes DNA G-quadruplex structures, coupling this interaction to alternative polyadenylation of VASH1 isoforms and to angiogenic output (PMID:33231681). VEZF1 shapes the chromatin and transcriptional landscape on multiple levels: it acts as a barrier element that protects promoters from de novo DNA methylation independently of CTCF-dependent enhancer blocking and histone modification (PMID:20062523), sustains global DNA methylation by maintaining Dnmt3b expression (PMID:18676812), blocks inappropriate enhancer–promoter interactions (PMID:29794136), and modulates RNA Pol II elongation pausing and alternative splicing genome-wide in concert with the H3K36me3 reader Mrg15/Mrgbp (PMID:22308494). VEZF1 activity is gated post-translationally and by upstream signaling: prenylated nuclear RhoB-GTP binds VEZF1 through a domain separable from its zinc fingers and represses its transcriptional activation, linking small-GTPase signaling to distinct blood versus lymphatic gene programs (PMID:9865462, PMID:24280686), while protein abundance is controlled by STUB1/CHIP-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (PMID:36241701) and stabilized by O-GlcNAcylation at Ser123/Ser124 (PMID:40858565). In disease contexts, a heterozygous VEZF1 nonsense mutation (p.Lys164*) segregates with autosomal-dominant dilated cardiomyopathy and abolishes transactivation of the MYH7 and ET1 promoters (PMID:36657711), and VEZF1 acts as a transcriptional driver in multiple cancers through targets including PAQR4, SPOP, SETBP1, and TNS1 (PMID:34973391, PMID:36241701, PMID:39479456, PMID:40858565).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 19 steps
  1. 1999 Medium

    Establishing VEZF1's identity and expression domain answered whether a dedicated endothelial transcription factor exists, anchoring it to the vascular lineage.

    Evidence Retroviral entrapment, cDNA isolation, and in situ hybridization in mouse embryos

    PMID:9986727

    Open questions at the time
    • No functional perturbation or target genes defined
    • DNA-binding specificity not yet established
  2. 2001 High

    Identifying the ACCCCC element in the ET-1 promoter and direct VEZF1 binding answered how VEZF1 activates target genes at the sequence level.

    Evidence Reporter assays, deletion mutagenesis, EMSA with recombinant protein, and supershift in nuclear extracts

    PMID:11504723

    Open questions at the time
    • Genome-wide binding repertoire unknown
    • Cofactors at the promoter not identified
  3. 1998 Medium

    Discovery of the prenylated RhoB–VEZF1 interaction answered how a small GTPase could gate VEZF1 transcriptional output independently of DNA binding.

    Evidence Prenylation-sensitive interaction assays, subcellular fractionation, and reporter assays comparing Rho family members

    PMID:9865462

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological context of nuclear RhoB regulation not addressed in this study
    • Structural basis of the interaction undefined
  4. 2005 High

    Targeted knockout in mice and identification of MT1 as a target answered what developmental processes VEZF1 controls and revealed dose-dependent vascular and lymphatic roles.

    Evidence Mouse gene knockout with EM and IHC; Northern blot with gain/loss-of-function for MT1

    PMID:15882861 PMID:16162438

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism linking VEZF1 loss to junction/adhesion defects unresolved
    • Whether MT1 mediates phenotypes untested
  5. 2008 High

    Linking VEZF1 to Dnmt3b maintenance answered how it influences the epigenome, extending its role from a promoter activator to a regulator of global DNA methylation.

    Evidence Vezf1-null mouse ESCs with bisulfite sequencing, Southern blot, and Dnmt3b quantification

    PMID:18676812

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct binding to the Dnmt3b locus not fully mapped here
    • Causal chain from methylation loss to phenotype unclear
  6. 2010 High

    Defining VEZF1 as a methylation-protective barrier factor and dissecting it from CTCF/USF insulator functions answered how it maintains promoter activity epigenetically.

    Evidence Stable reporter system, bisulfite sequencing, insulator sub-element dissection, and protein purification at the HS4 and APRT loci

    PMID:20062523

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which VEZF1 excludes DNMTs unknown
    • Endogenous genomic scope of barrier activity not mapped
  7. 2010 Medium

    ESC differentiation studies answered which downstream programs VEZF1 controls, implicating retinol/vitamin A signaling, ECM, and hematopoietic differentiation.

    Evidence Vezf1-null ESC embryoid body and teratocarcinoma models with histology and IHC

    PMID:20431070

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct targets within these programs not defined
    • Single-lab differentiation readouts
  8. 2012 High

    Genome-wide ChIP-seq answered how VEZF1 acts co-transcriptionally, revealing a role in Pol II elongation pausing and splicing via the H3K36me3 reader Mrg15.

    Evidence VEZF1 and Ser2-P Pol II ChIP-seq in HeLaS3 and WT/KO mESCs, splicing RT-PCR, and Co-IP with Mrg15/Mrgbp

    PMID:22308494

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which VEZF1 slows Pol II unknown
    • Functional consequences of altered splicing not catalogued
  9. 2013 High

    Showing nuclear RhoB-GTP regulates VEZF1-driven programs answered how the same factor produces opposite blood versus lymphatic outcomes and validated VEZF1 as a druggable node.

    Evidence RhoB-null mice, primary blood/lymphatic endothelial cells, VEZF1-DNA small-molecule inhibitor, and ischemic retinopathy model

    PMID:24280686

    Open questions at the time
    • Lineage-specific target genes only partly defined
    • How RhoB switches VEZF1 between programs mechanistically unclear
  10. 2018 High

    Identifying Cited2 derepression and enhancer-promoter mis-regulation answered how VEZF1 loss impairs endothelial differentiation, with rescue establishing causality.

    Evidence Vezf1-KO ESC differentiation, tube formation, Cited2 shRNA rescue, and H3K27ac ChIP

    PMID:29794136

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct vs indirect control of Cited2 not fully resolved
    • Generality of enhancer-blocking across loci untested
  11. 2018 Medium

    A structure-based inhibitor of VEZF1-DNA binding answered whether blocking VEZF1 occupancy alone suffices to impair angiogenesis.

    Evidence Virtual screening, EMSA, and tube formation assay in murine endothelial cells

    PMID:29970794

    Open questions at the time
    • Modest IC50 and selectivity not established
    • In vivo efficacy not tested
  12. 2020 High

    Demonstrating direct G-quadruplex binding answered a new mode of DNA recognition, coupling VEZF1 to alternative polyadenylation of VASH1 and tubulin detyrosination in angiogenesis.

    Evidence In vitro and cellular G4-binding assays, VEZF1 depletion, G4-stabilizing compounds, VASH1 isoform RT-PCR, detyrosinase and tube formation assays

    PMID:33231681

    Open questions at the time
    • Genome-wide scope of G4-dependent regulation unmapped
    • Relationship between G4 and ACCCCC binding modes unclear
  13. 2020 Medium

    Zebrafish studies answered whether VEZF1 acts beyond endothelium, revealing cardiomyocyte contractile control via Myh7 and a TEAD-1 partnership.

    Evidence Vezf1 knockdown, contractile and Ca2+ assays, Myh7 promoter reporter, and Co-IP with TEAD-1

    PMID:31911272

    Open questions at the time
    • TEAD-1 interaction surface undefined
    • Cardiac role in mammals not confirmed here
  14. 2021 Medium

    Defining a TRIM29/BICC1 translational input and a SETBP1/SET/PP2A output answered how VEZF1 is regulated and acts in ovarian cancer stem-like cells.

    Evidence Proteomics, reporter assays, ChIP, Co-IP, RNA-seq, and ubiquitination assays

    PMID:34973391

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct vs indirect SETBP1 regulation across contexts unclear
    • Single-lab cancer model
  15. 2022 Medium

    Identifying STUB1-mediated ubiquitination answered how VEZF1 protein abundance is controlled, linking its stability to PAQR4-driven HCC progression.

    Evidence Co-IP, in vitro ubiquitination, reporter assay, and HCC gain/loss-of-function in vitro and in vivo

    PMID:36241701

    Open questions at the time
    • Degron and ubiquitination sites not mapped
    • Whether STUB1 acts on endothelial VEZF1 untested
  16. 2023 High

    Demonstrating direct ETV2 interaction and Flt1 co-activation answered how VEZF1 partners with a master endothelial factor to specify hematoendothelial fate.

    Evidence Y2H, Co-IP, GST pulldown, Flt1 reporter, EMSA, ChIP, and Vezf1-KO ESC differentiation

    PMID:36923254

    Open questions at the time
    • Genome-wide co-occupancy with ETV2 not mapped
    • Interaction domains not finely resolved
  17. 2023 Medium

    A segregating nonsense mutation answered whether VEZF1 dysfunction causes human disease, linking loss of MYH7/ET1 transactivation to dilated cardiomyopathy.

    Evidence Whole-exome and Sanger sequencing with dual-luciferase reporter assays for MYH7 and ET1 promoters

    PMID:36657711

    Open questions at the time
    • Single family, limited mechanistic depth
    • Haploinsufficiency vs dominant-negative mechanism not distinguished
  18. 2024 Medium

    Linking VEZF1 to SPOP transcription answered how it shapes the tumor immune microenvironment by suppressing STAT3 stability and macrophage M2 polarization.

    Evidence Reporter assay, ChIP, Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, ELISA, and macrophage co-culture in bladder cancer cells

    PMID:39479456

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct SPOP promoter binding vs indirect effects partly resolved
    • Single-lab cancer context
  19. 2025 Medium

    Identifying O-GlcNAcylation at Ser123/Ser124 answered how nutrient/metabolic signaling stabilizes VEZF1, with branches into HCC (TNS1) and granulosa cell apoptosis (ET-1/FOXO1/BAX).

    Evidence 4D label-free O-GlcNAc proteomics, site mutagenesis, Co-IP, ChIP, and HCC/porcine granulosa cell models

    PMID:40858565 PMID:40973947

    Open questions at the time
    • Interplay between O-GlcNAcylation and STUB1 ubiquitination not integrated
    • Physiological triggers of the hexosamine pathway input incompletely defined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How VEZF1 integrates its multiple regulatory modes — sequence-specific binding, G4 recognition, RhoB gating, and competing post-translational modifications — into context-specific transcriptional outputs remains unresolved.
  • No structural model of VEZF1 on DNA or in complex with partners
  • Logic switching between blood/lymphatic and cardiac/cancer programs uncharacterized
  • Crosstalk among STUB1, O-GlcNAc, and RhoB inputs not reconciled

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 4 GO:0003677 DNA binding 3
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3 R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization 3 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 3 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 2
Partners
ETV2MRGBPRHOBSTUB1TEAD1

Evidence

Reading pass · 21 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1999 Vezf1 encodes a zinc finger transcription factor (predicted 56 kDa, six zinc finger domains) whose expression is restricted to vascular endothelial cells and their precursors in the yolk sac blood islands during embryogenesis, established by retroviral entrapment and in situ hybridization. Retroviral entrapment vectors, cDNA isolation, in situ hybridization, sequence analysis Developmental biology Medium 9986727
2001 VEZF1/DB1 localizes to the nucleus and directly activates transcription driven by the human endothelin-1 (ET-1) promoter by binding a specific 6-bp element (ACCCCC) located 47 bp upstream of the ET-1 transcription start site; a 2-bp mutation in this element abolished responsiveness, and recombinant VEZF1 was shown to bind this sequence directly. Transient transfection reporter assays, deletion mutagenesis, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), recombinant protein binding, antibody supershift in nuclear extracts The Journal of biological chemistry High 11504723
2005 Targeted inactivation of Vezf1 in mice reveals dose-dependent roles in blood vascular and lymphatic development: homozygous null embryos display vascular remodeling defects, loss of vascular integrity, hemorrhaging, and defective endothelial cell adhesion and tight junction formation; heterozygous embryos show lymphatic hypervascularization and edema (cystic hygroma-like phenotype). Targeted gene knockout in mice, ultrastructural EM analysis, histological and immunohistochemical examination Developmental biology High 15882861
2005 Metallothionein 1 (MT1) is a downstream transcriptional target of VEZF1 in endothelial cells; knockdown of VEZF1 decreases MT1 expression while overexpression increases it, and MT1 is expressed at sites of angiogenesis in vivo. Northern blotting following VEZF1 knockdown/overexpression, microarray analysis, in vivo expression analysis Endothelium : journal of endothelial cell research Medium 16162438
2008 Deletion of both copies of Vezf1 in mouse embryonic stem cells causes genome-wide loss of DNA methylation at LINE1 elements, minor satellite repeats, imprinted genes, and CpG islands, associated with a substantial decrease in the de novo DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3b, establishing VEZF1 as an upstream regulator of Dnmt3b expression and global DNA methylation. Homozygous Vezf1 knockout in mouse ESCs, bisulfite sequencing, Southern blotting for methylation, RT-PCR/Western blot for Dnmt3b Genes & development High 18676812
1998 The transcription factor DB1/VEZF1 physically interacts with prenylated RhoB (but weakly with RhoA and not with H-Ras); the RhoB-binding domain in DB1 is upstream and separable from the zinc finger DNA-binding domain; RhoB inhibits transcriptional activation by DB1, whereas RhoA and Ras have little or no effect; prenylated RhoB species were identified in the nuclear membrane and intranuclear laminar region where they can associate with DB1. Co-immunoprecipitation/interaction assays sensitive to prenylation state, subcellular fractionation, transcriptional reporter assays Cell adhesion and communication Medium 9865462
2010 VEZF1 acts as a barrier element factor that protects gene promoters from de novo DNA methylation independently of histone acetylation or transcription; the methylation-protection activity of VEZF1 is separable from the CTCF-dependent enhancer-blocking and USF-dependent histone modification functions of the HS4 insulator; VEZF1 elements are sufficient to mediate demethylation and protection of the APRT CpG island promoter. Stable reporter gene system in cell culture, bisulfite sequencing, deletion and functional mutagenesis of HS4 insulator, protein purification identifying VEZF1 as the interacting factor PLoS genetics High 20062523
2010 Vezf1-null ES cells fail to form organized vascular networks in embryoid bodies and show vascular sprouting defects; loss of Vezf1 results in reduced retinol/vitamin A signaling and aberrant extracellular matrix formation; Vezf1-null cells also display defects in hematopoietic differentiation. Targeted Vezf1-null ES cell lines, embryoid body differentiation model, in vivo teratocarcinoma model, immunohistochemistry, histological analysis Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Medium 20431070
2012 Genome-wide, VEZF1 binding sites in HeLaS3 cells are strongly correlated with peaks of elongating Ser2-phosphorylated RNA Polymerase II, indicating VEZF1-dependent slowing of Pol II elongation; in Vezf1-null mouse ESCs, accumulation of elongating Pol II near Vezf1 binding sites in the Dnmt3b gene and other loci is significantly reduced; VEZF1 binding near cassette exons can influence alternative splicing; VEZF1 physically interacts with Mrg15/Mrgbp, a protein that recognizes H3K36 trimethylation. ChIP-seq (Vezf1, Ser2-P Pol II) in HeLaS3 and WT/KO mES cells, genome-wide correlation analysis, RT-PCR for alternative splicing, co-immunoprecipitation of VEZF1 with Mrg15/Mrgbp Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 22308494
2013 Nuclear RhoB-GTP controls distinct gene expression programs in blood versus lymphatic endothelial cells by regulating VEZF1-mediated transcription; loss of RhoB decreases angiogenesis but enhances lymphangiogenesis following injury; a small-molecule inhibitor of VEZF1-DNA interaction recapitulates RhoB loss in ischemic retinopathy. RhoB null mice, primary human blood and lymphatic endothelial cell assays, small-molecule inhibitor of VEZF1-DNA interaction, ischemic retinopathy model Nature communications High 24280686
2018 In Vezf1-null mouse ESCs, expression of the antiangiogenic factor Cited2 is significantly increased; Vezf1-null ESCs show defective differentiation into endothelial cells with reduced activation of EC-specific genes and lower H3K27 acetylation at their promoters; shRNA depletion of Cited2 significantly rescues the angiogenic defects of Vezf1-null ECs; Vezf1 can block inappropriate promoter-enhancer interactions, preventing aberrant promoter activation. Vezf1 KO mouse ESCs, endothelial differentiation assay, tube formation assay, shRNA knockdown of Cited2, ChIP for H3K27ac The Journal of biological chemistry High 29794136
2018 A small molecule (T4, IC50 ~20 μM) that inhibits VEZF1 binding to its cognate DNA sequence was identified and shown to strongly inhibit endothelial network formation (tube formation assay) without affecting cell viability at or below IC50. Structure-based virtual screening of NCI Diversity Compound Library, EMSA for VEZF1-DNA binding inhibition, tube formation assay in murine endothelial cells Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Medium 29970794
2020 VEZF1 binds directly to DNA guanine quadruplex (G4) structures both in vitro and in cells; VEZF1-G4 interaction modulates the ratio of VASH1A/VASH1B mRNA isoforms via alternative polyadenylation; disruption of VEZF1-G4 interaction (by VEZF1 depletion or G4-stabilizing small molecules) increases the long VASH1A isoform and elevates tubulin detyrosinase activity; loss of VEZF1-G4 interaction in HUVECs diminishes angiogenesis. In vitro G4-binding assays, cellular G4 interaction studies, genetic depletion of VEZF1, G4-stabilizing small molecules, RT-PCR for VASH1 isoforms, tubulin detyrosinase activity assay, tube formation assay Nucleic acids research High 33231681
2020 Vezf1 regulates cardiac growth and cardiomyocyte contractile function in zebrafish; knockdown of Vezf1 reduces cardiac growth and impairs ventricular contractile response to β-adrenergic stimuli without dysregulating cardiomyocyte Ca2+ transient kinetics; Vezf1 transcriptionally regulates Myh7/β-MHC through an MCAT binding site in the Myh7 promoter; TEAD-1 is a binding partner of Vezf1. Zebrafish Vezf1 knockdown, cardiomyocyte contractile functional assays, β-adrenergic stimulation, Ca2+ transient measurement, gene ontology analysis, Myh7 promoter reporter assay, co-immunoprecipitation of Vezf1 with TEAD-1 EBioMedicine Medium 31911272
2021 TRIM29 promotes VEZF1 mRNA translation by recruiting RNA-binding protein BICC1 to the VEZF1 3'UTR; VEZF1 in turn transcriptionally activates SETBP1, driving the SETBP1/SET/PP2A axis in ovarian cancer stem cell-like maintenance. Global proteomics, luciferase reporter assay, ChIP, co-immunoprecipitation, RNA-seq, in vitro ubiquitination assay, RT-qPCR, ELISA Cancer letters Medium 34973391
2022 VEZF1 is a substrate for STUB1 (CHIP) E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation; VEZF1 transcriptionally activates PAQR4 to promote HCC proliferation and metastasis. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro ubiquitination assay, luciferase reporter assay, gain- and loss-of-function in HCC cells in vitro and in vivo Cancer gene therapy Medium 36241701
2023 VEZF1 directly interacts with ETV2 (Ets variant 2) as demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, and GST pulldown; VEZF1 co-activates the Flt1 promoter together with ETV2, as shown by luciferase reporter and ChIP; Vezf1 knockout ESCs show downregulation of hematoendothelial marker genes during embryoid body differentiation, while VEZF1 overexpression induces hematoendothelial gene expression. Yeast two-hybrid, Co-immunoprecipitation, GST pulldown, Flt1 promoter-luciferase reporter assay, EMSA, ChIP, Vezf1 KO ESCs, embryoid body differentiation Frontiers in cell and developmental biology High 36923254
2023 A heterozygous nonsense mutation in VEZF1 (p.Lys164*) segregates with autosomal-dominant dilated cardiomyopathy; the mutant VEZF1 protein fails to transactivate the promoters of MYH7 and ET1, two DCM-associated genes, in dual-luciferase reporter assays. Whole-exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing validation, dual-luciferase reporter assay with MYH7 and ET1 promoters European journal of medical genetics Medium 36657711
2024 VEZF1 directly activates SPOP transcription (shown by luciferase reporter and ChIP); VEZF1 overexpression suppresses STAT3 protein stability, reduces CCL2 secretion, and inhibits macrophage M2 polarization and IL-6 feedback in bladder cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assay, ChIP, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro ubiquitination assay, RT-qPCR array, ELISA, co-culture system Theranostics Medium 39479456
2025 O-GlcNAcylation at specific serine residues (Ser123 and Ser124) of VEZF1 attenuates its proteasomal degradation, stabilizing VEZF1 protein and promoting TNS1 transcription in hepatocellular carcinoma; GFAT1 drives this process through its enzymatic activity in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. 4D label-free quantitative proteomics for O-GlcNAcylation profiling, site-specific mutagenesis of Ser123/Ser124, co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro/in vivo HCC models, VEZF1-derived peptide inhibitor Cell death & disease Medium 40858565
2025 HIF1A knockdown increases O-GlcNAcylation of VEZF1, stabilizing VEZF1 protein; elevated VEZF1 drives endothelin-1 expression, which modulates FOXO1, leading to BAX transcription and granulosa cell apoptosis and follicular atresia. siRNA knockdown of HIF1A, 4D label-free quantitative proteomics for O-GlcNAcylation, western blot, ChIP (FOXO1 at BAX promoter), TUNEL assay in porcine granulosa cells Journal of animal science and biotechnology Medium 40973947

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 50 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2011 Quantitative mass spectrometry of DENV-2 RNA-interacting proteins reveals that the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX6 binds the DB1 and DB2 3' UTR structures. RNA biology 153 21957497
2010 VEZF1 elements mediate protection from DNA methylation. PLoS genetics 80 20062523
1990 Patients with type II autoimmune hepatitis express functionally intact cytochrome P-450 db1 that is inhibited by LKM-1 autoantibodies in vitro but not in vivo. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 70 2373473
2019 MiR-191 inhibit angiogenesis after acute ischemic stroke targeting VEZF1. Aging 67 31064890
1999 Vezf1: A Zn finger transcription factor restricted to endothelial cells and their precursors. Developmental biology 66 9986727
1989 Anti-liver-kidney microsome antibody type 1 recognizes human cytochrome P450 db1. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 59 2930529
2005 Dosage-dependent requirement for mouse Vezf1 in vascular system development. Developmental biology 57 15882861
2001 Vezf1/DB1 is an endothelial cell-specific transcription factor that regulates expression of the endothelin-1 promoter. The Journal of biological chemistry 56 11504723
2013 RhoB controls coordination of adult angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis following injury by regulating VEZF1-mediated transcription. Nature communications 54 24280686
2012 (31) P and (1) H MRS of DB-1 melanoma xenografts: lonidamine selectively decreases tumor intracellular pH and energy status and sensitizes tumors to melphalan. NMR in biomedicine 43 22745015
2005 Metallothionein 1 is a downstream target of vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (VEZF1) in endothelial cells and participates in the regulation of angiogenesis. Endothelium : journal of endothelial cell research 39 16162438
2008 Vezf1 regulates genomic DNA methylation through its effects on expression of DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3b. Genes & development 38 18676812
2012 Vezf1 protein binding sites genome-wide are associated with pausing of elongating RNA polymerase II. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 35 22308494
2021 TRIM29 regulates the SETBP1/SET/PP2A axis via transcription factor VEZF1 to promote progression of ovarian cancer. Cancer letters 33 34973391
2018 The transcription factor Vezf1 represses the expression of the antiangiogenic factor Cited2 in endothelial cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 32 29794136
2021 Circ_0006768 upregulation attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced human brain microvascular endothelial cell injuries by upregulating VEZF1 via miR-222-3p inhibition. Metabolic brain disease 29 34146216
1998 Functional interaction between RhoB and the transcription factor DB1. Cell adhesion and communication 29 9865462
2024 SPOP downregulation promotes bladder cancer progression based on cancer cell-macrophage crosstalk via STAT3/CCL2/IL-6 axis and is regulated by VEZF1. Theranostics 26 39479456
2011 Immunohistochemical identification and synaptic inputs to the diffuse bipolar cell type DB1 in macaque retina. The Journal of comparative neurology 26 22006647
2013 Role of HOXA9 and VEZF1 in endothelial biology. Journal of vascular research 25 23921720
2020 Vezf1 regulates cardiac structure and contractile function. EBioMedicine 20 31911272
1996 The cone synapses of DB1 diffuse, DB6 diffuse and invaginating midget, bipolar cells of a primate retina. Journal of neurocytology 19 8866239
2010 Targeted Vezf1-null mutation impairs vascular structure formation during embryonic stem cell differentiation. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 17 20431070
2020 Characterization of High-Ornithine-Producing Weissella koreensis DB1 Isolated from Kimchi and Its Application in Rice Bran Fermentation as a Starter Culture. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 14 33114563
2015 Control of axon guidance and neurotransmitter phenotype of dB1 hindbrain interneurons by Lim-HD code. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 14 25673852
2020 VEZF1-guanine quadruplex DNA interaction regulates alternative polyadenylation and detyrosinase activity of VASH1. Nucleic acids research 13 33231681
2023 ETV2 and VEZF1 interaction and regulation of the hematoendothelial lineage during embryogenesis. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 12 36923254
2020 [99mTc]Tc-DB1 Mimics with Different-Length PEG Spacers: Preclinical Comparison in GRPR-Positive Models. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 12 32731473
2019 Identification of a novel fusion transcript EWSR1-VEZF1 by anchored multiplex PCR in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Pathology, research and practice 12 31812440
2022 VEZF1, destabilized by STUB1, affects cellular growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by transcriptionally regulating PAQR4. Cancer gene therapy 11 36241701
2016 Comparison of the Lonidamine Potentiated Effect of Nitrogen Mustard Alkylating Agents on the Systemic Treatment of DB-1 Human Melanoma Xenografts in Mice. PloS one 9 27285585
2016 Characteristics of Raw Starch-Digesting α-Amylase of Streptomyces badius DB-1 with Transglycosylation Activity and Its Applications. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 9 27787770
2007 Isolation of a novel lipase gene from Serratia liquefaciens S33 DB-1, functional expression in Pichia pastoris and its properties. Molecular biotechnology 9 18219590
2022 MicroRNA-150-5p is upregulated in the brain microvasculature during prenatal alcohol exposure and inhibits the angiogenic factor Vezf1. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research 8 36109176
2021 3'UTR SL-IV and DB1 Regions Contribute to Japanese Encephalitis Virus Replication and Pathogenicity. Frontiers in veterinary science 7 34409089
2021 MicroRNA-382-5p inhibits osteosarcoma development and progression by negatively regulating VEZF1 expression. Oncology letters 7 34539856
2015 Establishment and characterization of DB-1: a leptin receptor-deficient murine macrophage cell line. Cytotechnology 7 25599862
2025 HIF1A regulates follicular atresia through O-GlcNAcylation-mediated VEZF1/ET-1/FOXO1/BAX signaling in porcine granulosa cells. Journal of animal science and biotechnology 5 40973947
2025 GFAT1 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via enhancing the O-GlcNAcylation of VEZF1. Cell death & disease 3 40858565
2025 Uterine Myxoid Mesenchymal Tumor With a Novel SS18::VEZF1 Gene Fusion, Lacking Worrisome Histological Features. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 2 40878061
2023 VEZF1 loss-of-function mutation underlying familial dilated cardiomyopathy. European journal of medical genetics 2 36657711
2018 Characterization of Small Molecules Inhibiting the Pro-Angiogenic Activity of the Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Vezf1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 2 29970794
2026 VEZF1 inhibits ovarian cancer cell ferroptosis and acts as an oncogene via the miR-545-3p/PLAG1 axis. Hereditas 0 41975537
2026 Novel SMARCA4::VEZF1 Rearrangement in Pediatric Sarcomas. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 0 42084428
2026 VEZF1 Suppresses proliferation and induces premature luteinization of porcine granulosa cells. Theriogenology 0 42202716
2025 Visfatin facilitates esophageal cancer migration by suppressing miR‑3613‑5p expression and promoting VEZF1/VCAN production. Oncology reports 0 40747711
2024 Genetic diversity of Rhombomys opimus and Meriones meridianus with potential divergence of plague resistance in the Junggar Basin plague focus based on RT1-Db1*exon1. Heliyon 0 39021931
2023 Hydrogen-rich water treatment targets RT1-Db1 and RT1-Bb to alleviate premature ovarian failure in rats. PeerJ 0 37397014
2017 [Correlation between HLA-DB1 genes and susceptibility to echinococcosis in Tibetan population in Tibetan Plateau]. Zhongguo xue xi chong bing fang zhi za zhi = Chinese journal of schistosomiasis control 0 29469357
1991 Analysis of HLA-DRB and -DQB gene RFLPs in DR7 homozygous cell lines: associations with Dw11, Dw17 and DB1. Tissue antigens 0 1676192

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