Affinage

VANGL2

Vang-like protein 2 · UniProt Q9ULK5

Length
521 aa
Mass
59.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-11
100 papers in source corpus 49 papers cited in narrative 49 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

VANGL2 is a four-pass transmembrane core planar cell polarity (PCP) protein that establishes and propagates tissue-level polarity, and whose loss causes craniorachischisis through the Looptail (Lp) mutations D255E and S464N (PMID:11431695, PMID:12724779). Reaching the cell surface is a tightly chaperoned process: VANGL2 is selectively sorted into COPII vesicles by Sec24b for ER exit—a step the Lp point mutants fail, trapping them in the ER (PMID:19966784, PMID:20215345)—and then exits the trans-Golgi network through a YYXXF signal in its cytosolic C-terminus that engages the Arfrp1/AP-1 clathrin-adaptor machinery, distinct from the epsinR pathway used by Frizzled6 (PMID:23326640, PMID:29666182). At the membrane it assembles asymmetric PCP complexes, binding Frizzled directly, recruiting Scribble through specific PDZ domains and Dishevelled through its cytoplasmic C-terminal half; the Lp mutations disrupt Dvl binding (PMID:15456783, PMID:16687519, PMID:18804440). VANGL2 forms endogenous Vangl1/Vangl2 heteromers, and the dominant S464N mutant poisons surface delivery of wild-type partners through oligomerization (PMID:22363783, PMID:23029439). Wnt5a signaling through a VANGL2–Ror2 receptor complex drives CK1δ/ε-mediated serine/threonine phosphorylation of VANGL2, potentiated by Dvl, which is required for its uniform polarization and PCP output (PMID:21316585, PMID:29056748). Downstream, VANGL2 organizes the actin cytoskeleton via RhoA/ROCK (PMID:15637299, PMID:29499154), governs endocytosis of membrane proteins including MMP14, E-cadherin and N-cadherin (PMID:22357946, PMID:25373475, PMID:24582966), and shapes cytoskeletal and morphogenetic behaviors in cardiac, neural, and ciliary contexts (PMID:20305649, PMID:25521757, PMID:33608529). Beyond development, VANGL2 directly binds LAMP-2A to restrain chaperone-mediated autophagy (PMID:34214490) and interacts with TBK1 to promote its autophagic degradation as a negative-feedback brake on type I interferon signaling (PMID:37352355).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 21 steps
  1. 2001 High

    Established that a mammalian Van Gogh/Strabismus homolog exists and that its mutation causes a severe neural tube defect, anchoring VANGL2 in the conserved tissue polarity pathway.

    Evidence Positional cloning and sequencing of two independent Looptail alleles in mouse

    PMID:11431695

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular function of the protein not yet defined
    • Direct partners unidentified
  2. 2002 Medium

    Linked VANGL2 biochemically to Dishevelled and functionally to non-canonical Wnt signaling and gastrulation cell movements, separating it from canonical β-catenin transcription.

    Evidence Co-IP and morpholino/overexpression with transcriptional reporters in zebrafish

    PMID:11780127

    Open questions at the time
    • Interaction domains not mapped
    • Single-lab functional assays
  3. 2003 High

    Demonstrated VANGL2 governs mammalian PCP at single-cell resolution and genetically partners Scribble, establishing the core machinery.

    Evidence Mouse genetics, compound-heterozygote epistasis, SEM of cochlear hair cells

    PMID:12724779

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not define the molecular Scribble–Vangl2 contact
  4. 2004 High

    Mapped the VANGL–Dishevelled interaction to specific domains and showed Looptail residues directly impair Dvl binding, connecting genotype to a molecular defect.

    Evidence Y2H, GST pulldown, Co-IP, Lp allele mutagenesis

    PMID:15456783

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of lost Dvl binding in vivo not resolved here
  5. 2006 High

    Defined VANGL2 asymmetric membrane localization and its direct PDZ-mediated binding to Scribble and physical interaction with Frizzled3, building the asymmetric complex picture.

    Evidence Cochlear immunofluorescence, PDZ-domain binding assays, Co-IP

    PMID:16687519 PMID:16791850 PMID:16962386

    Open questions at the time
    • How asymmetry is initiated mechanistically unresolved
    • Lp effect on trafficking only correlative at this stage
  6. 2008 Medium

    Showed the Frizzled extracellular CRD acts as a ligand for Vang/Stbm, providing a molecular basis for non-autonomous PCP signaling.

    Evidence Drosophila genetics and biochemical FzECD–Vang interaction assays

    PMID:18804440

    Open questions at the time
    • Demonstrated in Drosophila ortholog only
    • Affinity/stoichiometry not quantified
  7. 2009 High

    Identified the ER-export step as Sec24b/COPII-dependent and explained why Looptail mutants fail to traffic, unifying disease alleles with a trafficking checkpoint; concurrently placed Dact1 as an upstream regulator of VANGL2 levels.

    Evidence Forward genetic screen, COPII sorting and ER-retention assays, reciprocal genetic rescue

    PMID:19701191 PMID:19966784

    Open questions at the time
    • Cargo recognition motif for Sec24b not defined
    • How Dact1 controls Vangl2 abundance unclear
  8. 2010 High

    Independently confirmed Sec24b specificity for VANGL2 cargo and revealed that VANGL2 orients posterior tilting of motile cilia without controlling ciliogenesis.

    Evidence Mouse mutants/primary cell trafficking; zebrafish null live imaging with Arl13b-GFP

    PMID:20215345 PMID:20305649

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism coupling Vangl2 polarity to cilium positioning not detailed
  9. 2011 High

    Established Wnt5a–Ror2-driven, dose-dependent phosphorylation of VANGL2 as the input that tunes PCP activity, and identified trafficking regulators (Rack1) and microtubule/SNARE associations.

    Evidence Vangl2–Ror2 Co-IP, Wnt dose-response phosphorylation, limb-bud genetics; zebrafish Rack1 knockdown; Xenopus oocyte Co-IP

    PMID:21262816 PMID:21316585 PMID:21316586 PMID:21813572

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific phosphosites and kinase identity not yet pinned down
    • Some interactions single-lab
  10. 2012 High

    Showed VANGL2 controls cell-surface availability of effectors by regulating endocytosis (MMP14) and forms endogenous Vangl1/Vangl2 heteromers whose surface delivery is poisoned by the dominant S464N mutant.

    Evidence Zebrafish vangl2 mutant epistasis and endocytosis assays; Co-IP, surface-localization assays, proteomics; Ryk stability assays

    PMID:22357946 PMID:22363783 PMID:23029439 PMID:23144463

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which Vangl2 directs cargo into endocytic routes not fully defined
    • Ryk stabilization mechanism single-lab
  11. 2013 High

    Defined the TGN export route (Arfrp1/AP-1 via a YYXXF signal) and elaborated the cytoskeletal/vesicular delivery machinery (cofilin, Rab11), plus regulators Gipc1/myosin-VI, Sestd1, and downstream HSPG (Sdc4) control.

    Evidence siRNA, YYXXF mutagenesis and AP-1 binding; compound-mutant genetics with Rab11 imaging and F-actin pharmacology; Co-IP and Rho assays

    PMID:22991442 PMID:23326640 PMID:23406901 PMID:23696638 PMID:23760952

    Open questions at the time
    • Coordination between ER, TGN, and apical delivery steps not integrated
    • Several effector links single-lab
  12. 2013 High

    Revealed a neuronal/postsynaptic role: VANGL2 binds N-cadherin and PSD-95 and drives Rab5-dependent N-cadherin internalization, with Prickle2 and β-catenin acting as competing modulators of spine formation.

    Evidence Co-IP from brain extracts, internalization assays, neuronal knockdown, spine-density analysis

    PMID:23567299 PMID:24582966

    Open questions at the time
    • How synaptic VANGL2 connects to canonical PCP signaling unresolved
  13. 2014 High

    Demonstrated tissue-autonomous developmental requirements (second heart field outflow tract elongation) and direct E-cadherin binding/internalization, extending VANGL2's cadherin-trafficking role to epithelial morphogenesis.

    Evidence Conditional knockout with lineage tracing; Co-IP, surface biotinylation, endocytosis inhibition

    PMID:25373475 PMID:25521757

    Open questions at the time
    • Cadherin-internalization mechanism single-lab
    • Link between cadherin trafficking and PCP output not formalized
  14. 2015 Medium

    Showed Prickle directs anterior VANGL2 enrichment and that Wnt-dependent phosphorylation plus Myosin-II feedback establish anteroposterior planar polarity, and resolved PDZ-mediated assembly of PSD-95/Prickle2 synaptic complexes.

    Evidence Xenopus neural-plate immunofluorescence with Prickle knockdown and Wnt/Myosin-II inhibition; Co-IP with PDZ-motif mutagenesis

    PMID:25910938 PMID:26257100

    Open questions at the time
    • Feedback circuitry not mechanistically dissected
    • Single-lab assays
  15. 2016 Medium

    Extended VANGL2 to disease/effector contexts: a VANGL2–p62/SQSTM1–JNK cascade promoting breast cancer proliferation, and an ectoplasmic-specialization role organizing actin via EPS8/Arp3/Scribble in the testis.

    Evidence Co-IP identifying p62/SQSTM1, JNK assays, PDX experiments; Co-IP with actin/N-cadherin/Scribble, RNAi/overexpression barrier assays

    PMID:26754771 PMID:26990065

    Open questions at the time
    • Generality of the p62-JNK cascade beyond tested cells unclear
    • Single-lab
  16. 2017 High

    Identified CK1δ/ε as the kinases (with Dvl enhancing recruitment) for Wnt5a-induced VANGL2 phosphorylation and proved phosphorylation is essential for uniform polarization in vivo, and dissected VANGL2's bimodal regulation of Dvl.

    Evidence Phospho-mutant knock-in mice, CK1 inhibitors, Dvl knockouts; Co-IP of Vangl2-Dvl and Dvl-Daam1 in mouse/Xenopus; microtubule PCP analysis in testis

    PMID:28334810 PMID:29056748 PMID:29497043

    Open questions at the time
    • Exact phosphosite map and structural consequences not resolved
    • Dvl bimodal regulation single-lab
  17. 2018 High

    Resolved that VANGL2 and Frizzled6 use distinct clathrin adaptors at the TGN (AP-1/Arfrp1 vs epsinR), and connected VANGL2 to cancer stem-cell self-renewal through RhoA and to integrin/MMP-mediated adhesion control.

    Evidence In vitro TGN vesicle reconstitution and siRNA; shRNA in RMS cells/xenografts with RhoA epistasis; Co-IP with integrin αvβ3 and MMP/adhesion assays

    PMID:29097183 PMID:29499154 PMID:29666182

    Open questions at the time
    • How sorting choice is regulated physiologically unclear
    • Integrin link single-lab
  18. 2019 Medium

    Defined a degradative output: VANGL2 promotes Cullin-1-dependent K48 polyubiquitination and proteasomal turnover of Prickle2, showing VANGL2 actively shapes the abundance of a core PCP partner.

    Evidence Co-IP, proteasome inhibition, K48 ubiquitin assays in HEK293T

    PMID:30814664

    Open questions at the time
    • The E3 ligase complex composition not fully defined
    • In vivo relevance not tested here
  19. 2020 High

    Provided biophysical mechanism—VANGL2 strengthens the N-cadherin–actin 'molecular clutch' to control growth cone velocity—and placed VANGL2 in a Wnt5a-Ror2 actin program governing alveologenesis.

    Evidence Single-molecule tracking, optical force measurements in Vangl2 KO neurons; conditional lung knockouts with cytoskeletal/secretion/migration readouts

    PMID:31909712 PMID:32394892

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular link from VANGL2 to clutch engagement not fully resolved
  20. 2021 High

    Expanded VANGL2 function to non-autonomous morphogenesis (regulating neighbor apical constriction via myosin-II and microtubules), cytoneme-based paracrine Wnt signaling, and a direct LAMP-2A–binding brake on chaperone-mediated autophagy controlling MSC fate.

    Evidence Mosaic conditional deletion with quantitative imaging; multi-organism cytoneme live imaging; Co-IP and MSC conditional knockout with lysosome/differentiation assays

    PMID:33608529 PMID:33824332 PMID:34214490

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanistic basis of non-autonomous myosin recruitment unclear
    • Cytoneme regulation single-lab
  21. 2023 High

    Established two new VANGL2 axes: a TBK1-targeting negative-feedback brake on type I interferon signaling, and an HB-EGF–ERBB2/3–driven tyrosine phosphorylation event required for uterine epithelial polarity at implantation.

    Evidence Co-IP, site-specific ubiquitination mapping (TBK1 Lys372/TRIP/OPTN), myeloid conditional KO and VSV challenge; Co-IP with ERBB2/3, phosphorylation assays, uterine conditional KO

    PMID:37155852 PMID:37352355

    Open questions at the time
    • Tyrosine-phosphorylation sites and their effect on VANGL2 PCP activity undefined
    • Integration of immune role with developmental PCP unclear

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How VANGL2's phosphorylation state, trafficking itinerary, and the choice between its many effector outputs (cadherin/MMP endocytosis, autophagy, TBK1 degradation, RhoA activation) are coordinated within one cell remains unresolved.
  • No unified structural model of full-length VANGL2 with its partners
  • Mechanism selecting among competing effector pathways unknown
  • Phosphosite map (Ser/Thr vs Tyr) incomplete

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 4 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4 GO:0038024 cargo receptor activity 3
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 4 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 2 GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus 2 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 4 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-9609507 Protein localization 3 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 2 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 1
Partners
DVL1/DVL2/DVL3FZD3LAMP-2AN-CADHERINPRICKLE2ROR2SCRIBTBK1
Complex memberships
VANGL1/VANGL2 heteromerVANGL2-Ror2 Wnt receptor complexcore PCP complex (with Frizzled, Scribble, Dishevelled, Prickle)postsynaptic density complex (with PSD-95)

Evidence

Reading pass · 49 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2001 Vangl2 (Ltap) was identified as a mammalian homologue of Drosophila Strabismus/Van Gogh, a component of the frizzled/dishevelled tissue polarity pathway, and is altered in two independent Looptail (Lp) alleles that cause craniorachischisis (open neural tube defect). Positional cloning, sequence analysis of two independent Lp alleles Nature genetics High 11431695
2003 Loss-of-function mutation in Vangl2 results in disruption of stereociliary bundle polarization in mouse cochlear hair cells, with genetic interaction between Vangl2 and Scrb1 (heterozygous double mutants phenocopy Vangl2 homozygotes), establishing both genes in mammalian PCP regulation. Mouse genetics, compound heterozygote epistasis analysis, scanning electron microscopy of cochlear hair cells Nature High 12724779
2002 Stbm/Vangl2 physically interacts with Dishevelled (Dsh) protein in vertebrate embryos, inhibits Wnt-mediated beta-catenin-dependent transcription, and promotes phosphorylation of c-Jun/AP-1-dependent transcription; both gain- and loss-of-function affect cell movements during zebrafish gastrulation. Co-immunoprecipitation, overexpression/morpholino loss-of-function in zebrafish, transcriptional reporter assays Nature cell biology Medium 11780127
2004 Both mouse Vangl1 and Vangl2 physically interact with all three Dishevelled (Dvl1, Dvl2, Dvl3) family members via the cytoplasmic C-terminal half of Vangl and the PDZ and DIX domains of Dvl. The two Looptail missense mutations (D255E and S464N) in Vangl2 impair binding to all three Dvl proteins. Yeast two-hybrid, GST pulldown, co-immunoprecipitation; loss-of-function Vangl2 Lp allele mutagenesis analysis The Journal of biological chemistry High 15456783
2005 Vangl2 is required for polarized cell migration of myocardializing cells into outflow tract cushions, acting via the RhoA/ROCK1 signaling axis; RhoA expression is lost from the myocardial-cushion interface in Lp/Lp mutants. Mouse Lp mutant analysis, immunofluorescence for RhoA and ROCK1, actin cytoskeleton analysis in wild-type vs. Lp/Lp fetuses Circulation research Medium 15637299
2006 Vangl2 becomes asymmetrically localized to specific cell-cell boundaries along the polarization axis in the mammalian cochlea; PDZ2, PDZ3, and PDZ4 domains of Scrb1/Scribble directly bind the C-terminal PDZ-binding domain of Vangl2; Frizzled3 asymmetric localization depends on Vangl2 and the two proteins physically interact. Immunofluorescence localization in cochlea, PDZ domain binding assays, Co-immunoprecipitation of Fz3 and Vangl2 The Journal of neuroscience High 16687519
2006 Scribble binds Vangl2 selectively through specific PDZ domains (Scrb PDZ domains 2, 3, and 4 interact with Vangl2 C-terminal PDZ-binding domain), and this interaction was demonstrated in polarized mammalian epithelial cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, domain mapping with EGFP-Scrib fusion proteins in polarized epithelial cells Journal of cellular biochemistry Medium 16791850
2006 Vangl2 protein subcellular localization is disrupted and overall expression is decreased in the neural tubes and cochleas of Lp/Lp mutant embryos, demonstrating that Lp missense mutations affect Vangl2 membrane targeting. Immunofluorescence with specific anti-Vangl2 antiserum on wild-type and Lp/Lp embryos Gene expression patterns Medium 16962386
2008 The extracellular domain (CRD) of Frizzled acts as a ligand for Van Gogh/Strabismus (Vang/Stbm) transmembrane protein, demonstrating a direct biochemical and physical interaction between FzECD and Vang/Stbm that mediates nonautonomous PCP signaling. In vivo Drosophila genetics, biochemical interaction assays between FzECD and Vang/Stbm Developmental cell Medium 18804440
2009 Sec24b, a cargo-sorting component of the COPII ER-to-Golgi transport vesicle complex, selectively sorts Vangl2 into COPII vesicles for ER-to-Golgi transport. Looptail Vangl2 point mutants (D255E and S464N) fail to sort into COPII vesicles and are trapped in the ER. Sec24b genetically interacts with Vangl2 loss-of-function to increase spina bifida prevalence. Forward genetic screen in mice, COPII vesicle sorting assays, ER retention assays with mutant Vangl2, genetic interaction analysis Nature cell biology High 19966784
2009 Dact1 forms a complex with Vangl2 at the primitive streak; in Dact1 mutants, Vangl2 protein levels are increased at the primitive streak; heterozygous Vangl2 mutation rescues recessive Dact1 phenotypes and loss of Dact1 rescues semidominant Vangl2 phenotypes, placing Dact1 as a regulator of Vangl2 upstream of cell adhesion and PCP. Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence on mutant embryos, reciprocal genetic rescue experiments in compound mutant mice Nature genetics High 19701191
2009 Scribble interacts physically with Stbm/Vang through PDZ domain 3 and cooperates with Stbm/Vang in PCP establishment in Drosophila eye and wing; Scribble is part of the Stbm/Vang PCP complex and acts as an effector of Stbm/Vang. Drosophila genetic interaction analysis, physical interaction assays (PDZ domain binding), PCP phenotype analysis Developmental biology Medium 19563796
2010 Sec24b deficiency specifically impairs transport of PCP core protein Vangl2 in mouse embryos and primary cultured cells, establishing a direct role for Sec24b in Vangl2 trafficking. Mouse genetic mutants, cell-based trafficking assays with primary cells and embryos Development Medium 20215345
2010 Vangl2 controls the posterior tilting and asymmetric localization of motile primary cilia to the posterior apical membrane of neuroepithelial cells in zebrafish; Vangl2 is not required for ciliogenesis itself. Zebrafish vangl2 null mutant analysis, live imaging with Arl13b-GFP ciliary axoneme marker Nature cell biology High 20305649
2011 Vangl2 forms a Wnt-induced receptor complex with Ror2 to sense Wnt dosages; Wnts dose-dependently induce phosphorylation of serine/threonine residues in Vangl2 through Ror2; Wnt5a signaling gradient controls PCP in chondrocytes and limb elongation via Vangl2 phosphorylation. Vangl2 activity depends on its phosphorylation level. Co-immunoprecipitation of Vangl2-Ror2 complex, phosphorylation assays with Wnt dose-response, limb bud in vivo analysis, genetic interaction Developmental cell High 21316585
2011 Vangl2 antagonizes Dvl1-mediated hyperphosphorylation of Frizzled3 and promotes Frizzled3 internalization in commissural axon growth cones; Vangl2 is enriched on filopodial tips and emerging filopodial membrane patches in growth cones. Cell-based phosphorylation assays, internalization assays, immunofluorescence localization in growth cones, loss-of-function analysis Developmental cell Medium 21316586
2011 Rack1 is an interacting protein of Vangl2; knockdown of Rack1 affects membrane localization of Vangl2 in zebrafish, and the Vangl2-interacting domain of Rack1 has a dominant-negative effect on Vangl2 localization and gastrulation. Protein interaction screen, co-immunoprecipitation, zebrafish knockdown, localization assays PNAS Medium 21262816
2011 Maternal Vangl2 in Xenopus oocytes interacts with the post-Golgi v-SNARE protein VAMP1 and acetylated microtubules; Vangl2 is required for VAMP1 stability and maintenance of stable microtubule architecture; Vangl2 also interacts with aPKC, and both are required for membrane asymmetry during oocyte maturation and asymmetric distribution of maternal transcripts (VegT, Wnt11). Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, morpholino knockdown in Xenopus oocytes, transcript localization assays Development Medium 21813572
2012 VANGL2 regulates the endocytosis and cell-surface availability of MMP14 (MT1-MMP) in a focal adhesion kinase-dependent manner; vangl2 mutant zebrafish embryos show increased Mmp14 activity and decreased ECM; in vivo knockdown of Mmp14 partially rescues the Vangl2 loss-of-function convergence and extension phenotype, placing MMP14 as a downstream effector of VANGL2. Zebrafish trilobite/vangl2 mutant analysis, endocytosis assays, MMP14 activity assays, genetic rescue with mmp14 morpholino Journal of cell science High 22357946
2012 The Wnt coreceptor Ryk interacts with Vangl2 biochemically and genetically; interaction is potentiated by Wnt5a; Ryk regulates PCP by promoting Vangl2 protein stability (degradation of Vangl2 is increased when Ryk is absent); complete loss of both Ryk and Vangl2 produces phenotypes resembling Wnt5a null mutants. Co-immunoprecipitation, genetic interaction analysis in compound mutant mice, Vangl2 stability/degradation assays The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 23144463
2012 Vangl2 S464N (Looptail mutation) disrupts delivery of Vangl1 and Vangl2 to the cell surface through oligomer formation between Vangl2(S464N) and wild-type Vangl1 or Vangl2, causing intracellular retention. Vangl1 and Vangl2 form endogenous heterodimers/oligomers. Co-immunoprecipitation of Vangl1/Vangl2, cell surface localization assays, compound mutant mouse analysis PLoS one High 22363783
2012 Endogenous Vangl2/Vangl1 heteromeric protein complexes exist; confirmed by specific monoclonal anti-Vangl2 antibody and proteomic analysis of Vangl2 immunoprecipitates from cell lysates. Monoclonal antibody generation validated by SPR, western blot, immunoprecipitation; mass spectrometry proteomic analysis of immunoprecipitates PLoS one High 23029439
2013 Vangl2 transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) requires the GTP-binding protein Arfrp1 and clathrin adaptor complex AP-1; a YYXXF sorting signal in Vangl2's C-terminal cytosolic domain is required for TGN traffic and interaction with the AP-1 μ subunit. Vangl2 and Frizzled6 are sorted by different mechanisms from the TGN. siRNA knockdown of Arfrp1/AP-1, mutagenesis of YYXXF sorting signal, TGN transport assays, binding assays with AP-1 μ subunit eLife High 23326640
2013 Cofilin 1 (actin-severing protein) and Vangl2 cooperate to control PCP in the early mouse embryo; in Vangl2/Cfl1 double mutants, PCP protein complexes fail to traffic to the apical cell membrane, and F-actin remodeling is essential for initiation but not maintenance of PCP. Vangl2 and cofilin cooperate to target Rab11+ vesicles containing PCP proteins to the apical membrane. Compound mutant mouse genetics, vesicle trafficking assays, Rab11 immunofluorescence, pharmacological F-actin manipulation Development High 23406901
2013 Syndecan 4 (Sdc4) and Vangl2 proteins colocalize; Vangl2 (particularly the Lp mutant form) diminishes Sdc4 protein levels, and Vangl2 knockdown enhances Sdc4 protein levels; genetic interaction between Sdc4 null and Vangl2(Lp) allele causes neural tube and cochlear defects, indicating HSPG levels are regulated downstream of Vangl2. Co-localization in HEK293 cells, protein level analysis after Vangl2 overexpression/knockdown, compound mutant mouse and Xenopus genetics Development Medium 23760952
2013 Gipc1 (GAIP C-terminus interacting protein 1) is a novel interactor of Vangl2; a myosin VI-Gipc1 complex regulates Vangl2 trafficking in heterologous cells. In Myosin VI mutant mice, Vangl2 presence at the membrane is increased. Protein interaction screen, co-immunoprecipitation, heterologous cell trafficking assays, mouse mutant membrane localization analysis Development Medium 22991442
2013 Sestd1 is a novel binding partner of Vangl2 and Dact1; loss of Sestd1 phenocopies loss of Dact1 and exhibits reciprocal genetic rescue with Vangl2 semidominant mutation; Sestd1-Dact1 interaction can induce Rho GTPase activation in cell-based assays. Co-immunoprecipitation, compound mutant mouse genetics, cell-based Rho GTPase activity assays The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 23696638
2013 Vangl2 is a postsynaptic factor that directly binds N-cadherin; enhances N-cadherin internalization in a Rab5-dependent manner; this interaction is suppressed by beta-catenin which competes for the same intracellular region of N-cadherin. Vangl2 knockdown impairs dendritic spine formation and synaptic marker clustering. Prickle2 inhibits N-cadherin-Vangl2 interaction and is required for normal spine formation. Co-immunoprecipitation from synapse-rich brain extracts, internalization assays, Rab5-dependence assay, neuronal knockdown, spine density analysis Cell reports High 24582966
2013 Vangl2 is tightly associated with the postsynaptic density (PSD) fraction in adult rat neurons; Vangl2 forms a complex with PSD-95 through direct binding requiring its C-terminal PDZ-binding motif (TSV); Vangl2 PDZ-binding motif is required for localization to dendritic spines. Subcellular fractionation, co-immunoprecipitation, PDZ-binding motif deletion mutagenesis, spine localization assays FEBS letters Medium 23567299
2014 Vangl2 is required specifically within second heart field (SHF) cells to direct outflow tract lengthening; Vangl2 marks the proximal extent of a transition zone where SHF cells acquire epithelial phenotype; absence of Vangl2 causes abnormal polarization and disorganization of SHF-derived cells, leading to premature cardiomyocyte differentiation. Conditional knockout using floxed Vangl2 allele with tissue-specific Cre drivers, immunofluorescence, lineage tracing PLoS genetics High 25521757
2014 Vangl2 directly binds E-cadherin (co-immunoprecipitation from embryonic kidney extracts and transfected fibroblasts); Vangl2 overexpression enhances E-cadherin internalization; loss of Vangl2 (Lp mutant) increases surface E-cadherin; Vangl2 itself is internalized via Rab5- and Dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Co-immunoprecipitation, cell surface biotinylation assay, internalization assay, pharmacological inhibition of endocytosis Scientific reports Medium 25373475
2015 Vangl2 protein is enriched at anterior cell edges in the Xenopus neural plate (anteroposterior planar cell polarity); this localization is directed by Prickle (a Vangl2-interacting protein); Vangl2 AP-PCP is established by Wnt-dependent phosphorylation; Myosin II activity provides feedback regulation of Vangl2 polarity. Immunofluorescence in Xenopus neural plate, morpholino knockdown of Prickle, pharmacological inhibition of Wnt signaling and Myosin II Biology open Medium 25910938
2015 Vangl2 PDZ interaction links PSD-95 and Prickle2 in postsynaptic complexes; the PDZ interaction is dispensable for normal Vangl2 cluster formation but partially required for PSD-95-overlapping synaptic localization; Vangl2 PDZ interaction enhances protein interactions between PSD-95 and Prickle2. Co-immunoprecipitation, deletion mutagenesis of PDZ-binding motif, immunofluorescence in hippocampal neurons Scientific reports Medium 26257100
2016 p62/SQSTM1 is a novel VANGL2-binding partner; VANGL2-p62/SQSTM1-JNK forms an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade that promotes cell proliferation in breast cancer; disruption of the VANGL2-p62/SQSTM1 interaction or JNK inhibition inactivates this cascade. Co-immunoprecipitation identifying p62/SQSTM1 as VANGL2 partner, JNK signaling assays, patient-derived xenograft cell inhibition experiments Nature communications Medium 26754771
2016 Vangl2 is localized at ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in the testis and interacts structurally with actin, N-cadherin, and Scribble; Vangl2 knockdown in Sertoli cells tightens the blood-testis barrier while overexpression perturbs it; these effects are mediated through alteration of actin microfilament organization via EPS8, Arp3, and Scribble. Co-immunoprecipitation (Vangl2 with actin/N-cadherin/Scribble), RNAi knockdown, overexpression, barrier function assays, in vivo RNAi in testis Endocrinology Medium 26990065
2017 Wnt5a-induced Vangl2 phosphorylation requires CK1ε and CK1δ (redundantly) and Dvl family members (which enhance CK1-Vangl2 interaction); phospho-mutant Vangl2 exhibits dominant negative effects while reduced-phosphorylation Vangl2 is hypomorphic; Vangl2 phosphorylation is essential for its uniform polarization pattern in vivo. In vivo phosphorylation assays with CK1 inhibitors and Dvl knockouts, phospho-mutant knock-in mice, tissue polarity analysis Cell research High 29056748
2017 Vangl2 exerts dual (bimodal) regulation on Dvl during convergent extension: Vangl2 promotes efficient Dvl plasma membrane recruitment (positive regulation, required for PCP activation), while simultaneously inhibiting Dvl from interacting with downstream effector Daam1 (negative regulation). Co-immunoprecipitation of Vangl2-Dvl and Dvl-Daam1 complexes, morpholino/overexpression in Xenopus and mouse mutant analysis Human molecular genetics Medium 28334810
2017 Vangl2 regulates spermatid planar cell polarity through the microtubule-based cytoskeleton via downstream signaling proteins aPKCζ and MARK2; Vangl2 knockdown in rat testis disrupts microtubule organization and perturbs spermatid PCP. RNAi knockdown in vivo in rat testis, confocal microscopy with 3D reconstruction, immunofluorescence for MT markers and aPKCζ/MARK2 Cell death & disease Medium 29497043
2018 Vangl2 and Frizzled6 exit the TGN in separate vesicle compartments sorted by different clathrin adaptors: AP-1 (with Arfrp1) sorts Vangl2 while epsinR sorts Frizzled6 through a conserved polybasic motif in the Fzd6 cytosolic domain. EpsinR-AP-1 binding is disrupted by Frizzled6 binding to epsinR. In vitro TGN vesicle reconstitution, siRNA knockdown, immunoblotting of released vesicles, protein interaction analysis The Journal of biological chemistry High 29666182
2018 Vangl2 depletion inhibited RMS tumor propagating cell (TPC) self-renewal, proliferation, and induced differentiation; constitutively active RhoA rescues TPC maintenance in VANGL2-depleted cells, and dominant-negative RhoA phenocopies VANGL2 depletion, placing RhoA downstream of VANGL2 in TPC self-renewal. shRNA knockdown in human RMS cells and xenografts, zebrafish ERMS model, constitutively active/dominant-negative RhoA constructs Cell stem cell Medium 29499154
2018 VANGL2 interacts with integrin αvβ3; VANGL2 knockdown increases integrin αvβ3 cell surface expression, enhances MMP14/MMP2 proteolytic activity, and disrupts adhesion to fibronectin, laminin, and vitronectin; MMP14/MMP2 inhibition suppresses the cell adhesion defect in VANGL2 knockdown cells. Co-immunoprecipitation of VANGL2-integrin αvβ3, siRNA knockdown, integrin surface expression assays, MMP activity assays, cell adhesion assays Experimental cell research Medium 29097183
2019 Prickle2 protein levels are negatively regulated through physical interaction with Vangl2; Vangl2 interaction promotes Cullin-1-dependent polyubiquitination (K48-linked) of Prickle2, targeting it for proteasomal degradation. Co-immunoprecipitation, proteasome inhibitor treatment, ubiquitin K48 mutant co-expression, polyubiquitination assays in HEK293T cells Scientific reports Medium 30814664
2020 Vangl2 controls growth cone velocity by regulating internal retrograde actin flow in an N-cadherin-dependent fashion; loss of Vangl2 decreases fast-diffusing N-cadherin membrane molecules, increases confined N-cadherin trajectories, and strengthens mechanical coupling of N-cadherin with the actin cytoskeleton ('molecular clutch'). Vangl2 distribution within growth cones is selectively affected by N-cadherin-coated substrate. Single molecule tracking of N-cadherin, optical manipulation (N-cadherin-coated microspheres), live imaging of growth cones, Vangl2 KO neurons eLife High 31909712
2020 A Wnt5a-Ror2-Vangl2 cascade controls cytoskeletal organization, PDGF secretion from alveolar epithelial cells, cell shape changes of type I cells, and myofibroblast migration during alveologenesis; these cellular properties are conferred by changes in the actin cytoskeleton. Conditional knockout of Vangl2/Ror2/Wnt5a in specific lung cell types, cytoskeletal analysis, PDGF secretion assays, migration assays eLife Medium 32394892
2021 Vangl2 directly binds LAMP-2A (lysosome-associated membrane protein 2A) and targets it for degradation, thereby limiting chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) lysosome activity in mesenchymal stem cells; MSC-specific Vangl2 ablation increases LAMP-2A and CMA-lysosome numbers, promoting osteogenesis while reducing adipogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation of Vangl2-LAMP-2A, conditional knockout in MSCs, lysosome number/activity assays, differentiation assays Developmental cell High 34214490
2021 Vangl2 promotes formation of long, branching cytonemes in zebrafish epiblast cells, mouse intestinal telocytes, and human gastric cancer cells; Vangl2 activation increases cytoneme length and branching, enhancing paracrine Wnt/β-catenin signaling to surrounding cells; Vangl2 inhibition causes fewer and shorter cytonemes. Live imaging of cytonemes in multiple cell types/organisms, Vangl2 gain/loss-of-function, mathematical modeling validated by in vivo neural plate patterning Nature communications Medium 33824332
2021 Vangl2-deleted neuroepithelial cells non-autonomously prevent apical constriction by an average of five neighboring Vangl2-replete cells; this involves diminished myosin-II localization on neighbor cell borders and shortening of basally-extending microtubule tails; Vangl2-deleted cells themselves preferentially recruit myosin-II to their apical cortex rather than apical cap. Mosaic conditional deletion of Vangl2 in mouse neuroepithelium, quantitative imaging of myosin-II localization, laser ablation and apical constriction analysis Nature communications High 33608529
2023 VANGL2 acts as an IFN-inducible negative feedback regulator of IFN-I signaling during viral infection: VANGL2 interacts with TBK1 and promotes its selective autophagic degradation via K48-linked polyubiquitination of TBK1 at Lys372 by E3 ligase TRIP, with recognition by cargo receptor OPTN; myeloid-specific deletion of VANGL2 enhances IFN-I production and improves survival against VSV. Co-immunoprecipitation of VANGL2-TBK1, ubiquitination mapping (K48, Lys372), E3 ligase identification (TRIP), cargo receptor identification (OPTN), myeloid-specific conditional knockout in mice, viral infection model Science advances High 37352355
2023 HB-EGF binds ERBB2 and ERBB3 to recruit VANGL2 for tyrosine phosphorylation; uterine VANGL2 tyrosine phosphorylation is suppressed in Erbb2/Erbb3 double conditional knockout mice; uterine deletion of Vangl2 disrupts implantation crypt formation, linking HB-EGF-ERBB2/3-VANGL2 signaling to uterine epithelial polarity during implantation. Co-immunoprecipitation (VANGL2 with ERBB2/ERBB3), tyrosine phosphorylation assays, conditional knockout mouse models, implantation analysis PNAS Medium 37155852

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2003 Identification of Vangl2 and Scrb1 as planar polarity genes in mammals. Nature 581 12724779
2001 Ltap, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila Strabismus/Van Gogh, is altered in the mouse neural tube mutant Loop-tail. Nature genetics 414 11431695
2011 Wnt signaling gradients establish planar cell polarity by inducing Vangl2 phosphorylation through Ror2. Developmental cell 398 21316585
2002 The planar cell-polarity gene stbm regulates cell behaviour and cell fate in vertebrate embryos. Nature cell biology 311 11780127
2010 Vangl2 directs the posterior tilting and asymmetric localization of motile primary cilia. Nature cell biology 283 20305649
2006 Asymmetric localization of Vangl2 and Fz3 indicate novel mechanisms for planar cell polarity in mammals. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 261 16687519
2009 Sec24b selectively sorts Vangl2 to regulate planar cell polarity during neural tube closure. Nature cell biology 178 19966784
2011 Vangl2 promotes Wnt/planar cell polarity-like signaling by antagonizing Dvl1-mediated feedback inhibition in growth cone guidance. Developmental cell 163 21316586
2005 Vangl2 acts via RhoA signaling to regulate polarized cell movements during development of the proximal outflow tract. Circulation research 143 15637299
2004 Independent mutations in mouse Vangl2 that cause neural tube defects in looptail mice impair interaction with members of the Dishevelled family. The Journal of biological chemistry 143 15456783
2010 The PCP genes Celsr1 and Vangl2 are required for normal lung branching morphogenesis. Human molecular genetics 129 20223754
2008 The frizzled extracellular domain is a ligand for Van Gogh/Stbm during nonautonomous planar cell polarity signaling. Developmental cell 123 18804440
2006 Scribble associates with two polarity proteins, Lgl2 and Vangl2, via distinct molecular domains. Journal of cellular biochemistry 120 16791850
2012 Comparison of phenotypes between different vangl2 mutants demonstrates dominant effects of the Looptail mutation during hair cell development. PloS one 104 22363783
2012 The Wnt coreceptor Ryk regulates Wnt/planar cell polarity by modulating the degradation of the core planar cell polarity component Vangl2. The Journal of biological chemistry 103 23144463
2010 Contribution of VANGL2 mutations to isolated neural tube defects. Clinical genetics 102 20738329
2010 The planar cell polarity gene Vangl2 is required for mammalian kidney-branching morphogenesis and glomerular maturation. Human molecular genetics 101 20843830
2015 Planar polarization of Vangl2 in the vertebrate neural plate is controlled by Wnt and Myosin II signaling. Biology open 90 25910938
2012 Nitric oxide sustains long-term skeletal muscle regeneration by regulating fate of satellite cells via signaling pathways requiring Vangl2 and cyclic GMP. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 88 22084027
2016 Identification of p62/SQSTM1 as a component of non-canonical Wnt VANGL2-JNK signalling in breast cancer. Nature communications 82 26754771
2010 Planar cell polarity defects and defective Vangl2 trafficking in mutants for the COPII gene Sec24b. Development (Cambridge, England) 78 20215345
2014 The Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway component Vangl2 induces synapse formation through direct control of N-cadherin. Cell reports 73 24582966
2014 Vangl2-regulated polarisation of second heart field-derived cells is required for outflow tract lengthening during cardiac development. PLoS genetics 73 25521757
2013 Postnatal refinement of auditory hair cell planar polarity deficits occurs in the absence of Vangl2. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 73 23986237
2013 A novel GTP-binding protein-adaptor protein complex responsible for export of Vangl2 from the trans Golgi network. eLife 72 23326640
2009 Posterior malformations in Dact1 mutant mice arise through misregulated Vangl2 at the primitive streak. Nature genetics 70 19701191
2013 Cofilin and Vangl2 cooperate in the initiation of planar cell polarity in the mouse embryo. Development (Cambridge, England) 68 23406901
2009 The E2F functional analogue SBF recruits the Rpd3(L) HDAC, via Whi5 and Stb1, and the FACT chromatin reorganizer, to yeast G1 cyclin promoters. The EMBO journal 64 19745812
2012 VANGL2 regulates membrane trafficking of MMP14 to control cell polarity and migration. Journal of cell science 62 22357946
2018 Vangl2/RhoA Signaling Pathway Regulates Stem Cell Self-Renewal Programs and Growth in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cell stem cell 61 29499154
2017 Evidence for opposing roles of Celsr3 and Vangl2 in glutamatergic synapse formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 61 28057866
2010 Bbs8, together with the planar cell polarity protein Vangl2, is required to establish left-right asymmetry in zebrafish. Developmental biology 61 20643117
2009 The apical/basal-polarity determinant Scribble cooperates with the PCP core factor Stbm/Vang and functions as one of its effectors. Developmental biology 61 19563796
2017 Wnt-induced Vangl2 phosphorylation is dose-dependently required for planar cell polarity in mammalian development. Cell research 60 29056748
2014 Vangl1 and Vangl2: planar cell polarity components with a developing role in cancer. Endocrine-related cancer 59 24981109
2004 MAGI-3 is involved in the regulation of the JNK signaling pathway as a scaffold protein for frizzled and Ltap. Oncogene 58 15195140
1999 Regulation of transcription at the Saccharomyces cerevisiae start transition by Stb1, a Swi6-binding protein. Molecular and cellular biology 56 10409718
2006 Tissue, cellular and sub-cellular localization of the Vangl2 protein during embryonic development: effect of the Lp mutation. Gene expression patterns : GEP 54 16962386
2011 Rack1 is required for Vangl2 membrane localization and planar cell polarity signaling while attenuating canonical Wnt activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 53 21262816
1997 Identification of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes STB1-STB5 encoding Sin3p binding proteins. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 53 9393435
2014 Vangl2 cooperates with Rab11 and Myosin V to regulate apical constriction during vertebrate gastrulation. Development (Cambridge, England) 51 25480917
2012 Gipc1 has a dual role in Vangl2 trafficking and hair bundle integrity in the inner ear. Development (Cambridge, England) 50 22991442
2003 G1 transcription factors are differentially regulated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the Swi6-binding protein Stb1. Molecular and cellular biology 49 12832490
2012 Molecular characterisation of endogenous Vangl2/Vangl1 heteromeric protein complexes. PloS one 46 23029439
2021 Vangl2 promotes the formation of long cytonemes to enable distant Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Nature communications 43 33824332
2015 A dynamic intracellular distribution of Vangl2 accompanies cell polarization during zebrafish gastrulation. Development (Cambridge, England) 43 26062934
2008 Non-cell-autonomous roles for the planar cell polarity gene Vangl2 in development of the coronary circulation. Circulation research 43 18174466
2021 Vangl2 limits chaperone-mediated autophagy to balance osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells. Developmental cell 42 34214490
2016 Planar cell polarity genes Celsr1 and Vangl2 are necessary for kidney growth, differentiation, and rostrocaudal patterning. Kidney international 41 27597235
2018 Vangl2 disruption alters the biomechanics of late spinal neurulation leading to spina bifida in mouse embryos. Disease models & mechanisms 40 29590636
2012 The mouse Wnt/PCP protein Vangl2 is necessary for migration of facial branchiomotor neurons, and functions independently of Dishevelled. Developmental biology 40 22771245
2008 The cell adhesion molecule Tag1, transmembrane protein Stbm/Vangl2, and Lamininalpha1 exhibit genetic interactions during migration of facial branchiomotor neurons in zebrafish. Developmental biology 40 19013446
2020 A mammalian Wnt5a-Ror2-Vangl2 axis controls the cytoskeleton and confers cellular properties required for alveologenesis. eLife 38 32394892
2013 Syndecan 4 interacts genetically with Vangl2 to regulate neural tube closure and planar cell polarity. Development (Cambridge, England) 38 23760952
2017 The planar cell polarity Vangl2 protein: From genetics to cellular and molecular functions. Seminars in cell & developmental biology 36 29111415
2009 Left-right asymmetry in the chick embryo requires core planar cell polarity protein Vangl2. Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) 36 19621439
2014 Vangl2 regulates E-cadherin in epithelial cells. Scientific reports 34 25373475
2016 Dynamics of planar cell polarity protein Vangl2 in the mouse oviduct epithelium. Mechanisms of development 33 27155041
2016 Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) Protein Vangl2 Regulates Ectoplasmic Specialization Dynamics via Its Effects on Actin Microfilaments in the Testes of Male Rats. Endocrinology 32 26990065
2012 Wtip and Vangl2 are required for mitotic spindle orientation and cloaca morphogenesis. Biology open 32 23213452
2008 Stb1 collaborates with other regulators to modulate the G1-specific transcriptional circuit. Molecular and cellular biology 32 18794370
2004 Molecular mapping of Stb1, a potentially durable gene for resistance to septoria tritici blotch in wheat. TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik 32 15490099
2021 Cell non-autonomy amplifies disruption of neurulation by mosaic Vangl2 deletion in mice. Nature communications 31 33608529
2019 Frizzled3 and Frizzled6 Cooperate with Vangl2 to Direct Cochlear Innervation by Type II Spiral Ganglion Neurons. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 31 31462532
2018 A non-autonomous function of the core PCP protein VANGL2 directs peripheral axon turning in the developing cochlea. Development (Cambridge, England) 29 29784671
2017 Heterozygous Vangl2 mice reveal novel roles for the planar cell polarity pathway in adult lung homeostasis and repair. Disease models & mechanisms 29 28237967
2014 Deficiency of the planar cell polarity protein Vangl2 in podocytes affects glomerular morphogenesis and increases susceptibility to injury. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN 29 25145929
2005 Comparative genomics on Vangl1 and Vangl2 genes. International journal of oncology 28 15809738
2020 Vangl2 acts at the interface between actin and N-cadherin to modulate mammalian neuronal outgrowth. eLife 26 31909712
2018 Vangl2 regulates spermatid planar cell polarity through microtubule (MT)-based cytoskeleton in the rat testis. Cell death & disease 26 29497043
2016 Arl13b Interacts With Vangl2 to Regulate Cilia and Photoreceptor Outer Segment Length in Zebrafish. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 26 27571019
2018 A mechanism for differential sorting of the planar cell polarity proteins Frizzled6 and Vangl2 at the trans-Golgi network. The Journal of biological chemistry 25 29666182
2011 The roles of maternal Vangl2 and aPKC in Xenopus oocyte and embryo patterning. Development (Cambridge, England) 24 21813572
2017 Bimodal regulation of Dishevelled function by Vangl2 during morphogenesis. Human molecular genetics 23 28334810
2010 Maintained expression of the planar cell polarity molecule Vangl2 and reformation of hair cell orientation in the regenerating inner ear. Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO 23 20177731
2020 Dual regulation of planar polarization by secreted Wnts and Vangl2 in the developing mouse cochlea. Development (Cambridge, England) 22 32907846
2018 Vangl2, a planar cell polarity molecule, is implicated in irreversible and reversible kidney glomerular injury. The Journal of pathology 22 30125361
2015 Asymmetry of VANGL2 in migrating lymphocytes as a tool to monitor activity of the mammalian WNT/planar cell polarity pathway. Cell communication and signaling : CCS 22 25627785
2023 VANGL2 inhibits antiviral IFN-I signaling by targeting TBK1 for autophagic degradation. Science advances 21 37352355
2013 Vangl2, the planar cell polarity protein, is complexed with postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 [corrected]. FEBS letters 21 23567299
2013 The PCP protein Vangl2 regulates migration of hindbrain motor neurons by acting in floor plate cells, and independently of cilia function. Developmental biology 21 23988578
2020 The Planar Polarity Component VANGL2 Is a Key Regulator of Mechanosignaling. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 19 33195213
2018 Overexpression of Grainyhead-like 3 causes spina bifida and interacts genetically with mutant alleles of Grhl2 and Vangl2 in mice. Human molecular genetics 19 30189017
2018 Vangl2-dependent regulation of membrane protrusions and directed migration requires a fibronectin extracellular matrix. Development (Cambridge, England) 19 30327324
2018 Domineering non-autonomy in Vangl1;Vangl2 double mutants demonstrates intercellular PCP signaling in the vertebrate inner ear. Developmental biology 18 29510119
2017 VANGL2 interacts with integrin αv to regulate matrix metalloproteinase activity and cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Experimental cell research 18 29097183
2016 The core planar cell polarity gene, Vangl2, directs adult corneal epithelial cell alignment and migration. Royal Society open science 18 27853583
2014 The planar cell polarity protein Vangl2 bidirectionally regulates dendritic branching in cultured hippocampal neurons. Molecular brain 18 25387771
2014 Promoter methylation and expression of the VANGL2 gene in the myocardium of pediatric patients with tetralogy of fallot. Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology 17 25200836
2013 SEC14 and spectrin domains 1 (Sestd1) and Dapper antagonist of catenin 1 (Dact1) scaffold proteins cooperatively regulate the Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) four-pass transmembrane protein and planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway during embryonic development in mice. The Journal of biological chemistry 17 23696638
2012 The planar cell polarity protein VANGL2 coordinates remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Communicative & integrative biology 17 23060953
2011 A novel hypomorphic Looptail allele at the planar cell polarity Vangl2 gene. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 17 21404367
2021 Bridging the gap between non-canonical and canonical Wnt signaling through Vangl2. Seminars in cell & developmental biology 16 34736823
2016 Planar cell polarity genes Frizzled3a, Vangl2, and Scribble are required for spinal commissural axon guidance. BMC neuroscience 16 27955617
2023 An unanticipated discourse of HB-EGF with VANGL2 signaling during embryo implantation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 15 37155852
2019 Vangl2 interaction plays a role in the proteasomal degradation of Prickle2. Scientific reports 15 30814664
2019 Vangl2 coordinates cell rearrangements during gut elongation. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 15 31081963
2015 PDZ interaction of Vangl2 links PSD-95 and Prickle2 but plays only a limited role in the synaptic localisation of Vangl2. Scientific reports 15 26257100
2013 Testin interacts with vangl2 genetically to regulate inner ear sensory cell orientation and the normal development of the female reproductive tract in mice. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 15 23996638
2019 VANGL2 regulates luminal epithelial organization and cell turnover in the mammary gland. Scientific reports 14 31068622

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