| 2002 |
TRPM4b is a Ca2+-activated nonselective cation channel of 25 pS unitary conductance that conducts monovalent cations (Na+ and K+) without significant Ca2+ permeation, directly activated by intracellular Ca2+ with an apparent KD of ~400 nM, and functions to depolarize the plasma membrane thereby modulating the driving force for Ca2+ entry through other Ca2+-permeable pathways. |
Cloning, heterologous expression, patch-clamp electrophysiology |
Cell |
High |
12015988
|
| 2003 |
TRPM4 exhibits intrinsic voltage-dependent gating (Boltzmann activation), with channel open probability increasing at positive potentials, producing outward rectification; this voltage dependence is not due to divalent cation block or voltage-dependent Ca2+ binding, indicating an intrinsic voltage-sensing mechanism. |
Whole-cell and cell-free patch-clamp electrophysiology, tail current analysis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
12799367
|
| 2004 |
TRPM4 Ca2+ sensitivity is regulated by: (1) cytoplasmic ATP, which reverses desensitization via putative ATP-binding sites; (2) PKC-dependent phosphorylation at specific PKC phosphorylation sites that increases Ca2+ sensitivity; and (3) calmodulin binding at three C-terminal sites whose deletion strongly impairs current activation by reducing Ca2+ sensitivity and shifting voltage dependence. |
Mutagenesis of ATP-binding sites and PKC phosphorylation sites, calmodulin dominant-negative overexpression, patch-clamp electrophysiology |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
15590641
|
| 2004 |
TRPM4 mediates pressure-induced smooth muscle cell depolarization and myogenic vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries; TRPM4 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide-mediated knockdown attenuates pressure-induced depolarization and myogenic constriction without affecting KCl-induced constriction. |
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide knockdown, patch-clamp electrophysiology, pressure myography |
Circulation research |
High |
15472118
|
| 2006 |
PIP2 is a positive modulator of TRPM4 that counteracts Ca2+ desensitization, shifts voltage dependence toward negative potentials, and increases Ca2+ sensitivity ~100-fold; the C-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain mediates PIP2 action, as neutralization of basic residues in this domain accelerated desensitization and attenuated PIP2 effects; PLC-mediated PIP2 depletion potently inhibits TRPM4 currents. |
Inside-out and whole-cell patch-clamp, PLC-coupled receptor activation, pharmacological PIP2 depletion, site-directed mutagenesis of PH domain |
The EMBO journal |
High |
16424899
|
| 2007 |
TRPM4 channels act as Ca2+-activated nonselective cation channels in mast cells that critically limit the driving force for Ca2+ influx; Trpm4-/- mast cells show more Ca2+ entry after FcεRI stimulation, augmented degranulation, and increased release of histamine, leukotrienes, and TNF, establishing TRPM4 as a negative regulator of Ca2+ entry-dependent mast cell activation. |
Trpm4 knockout mice, bone marrow-derived mast cell cultures, Ca2+ imaging, degranulation assays |
Nature immunology |
High |
17293867
|
| 2007 |
PKC activation increases TRPM4 Ca2+ sensitivity in vascular smooth muscle cells and promotes translocation of TRPM4 to the plasma membrane, contributing to pressure-induced depolarization and myogenic vasoconstriction; PKCδ specifically mediates TRPM4 membrane translocation. |
Antisense knockdown, patch-clamp electrophysiology, phorbol ester stimulation, pressure myography |
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology |
High |
17293488
|
| 2008 |
9-Phenanthrol selectively inhibits human TRPM4 but not TRPM5 in a voltage-independent manner, with similar IC50 in whole-cell and inside-out configurations suggesting direct channel block. |
Whole-cell and inside-out patch-clamp in HEK293 cells stably expressing TRPM4 or TRPM5 |
British journal of pharmacology |
High |
18297105
|
| 2009 |
De novo upregulation of Trpm4 in capillaries after spinal cord injury renders cells susceptible to oncotic swelling and death following ATP depletion; in vivo Trpm4 antisense suppression or Trpm4-/- mice preserved capillary integrity, eliminated secondary hemorrhage, and reduced lesion volume. |
Rodent SCI models, Trpm4 antisense in vivo, Trpm4 knockout mice, COS-7 cell oncotic swelling assay |
Nature medicine |
High |
19169264
|
| 2010 |
PKCδ activity causes smooth muscle depolarization and vasoconstriction by increasing the number of TRPM4 channels in the sarcolemma; PKC activation with PMA increases cell surface TRPM4 levels ~3-fold within 10 min, and this translocation requires PKCδ but not PKCα or PKCβ. |
Live-cell confocal imaging with GFP-tagged TRPM4, FRAP, cell surface biotinylation, TIRF microscopy, siRNA knockdown, pressure myography |
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology |
High |
20610768
|
| 2010 |
H2O2 eliminates TRPM4 desensitization in a dose-dependent manner through oxidation of Cys1093, sustaining TRPM4 activity and causing Na+ overload-dependent necrotic cell death; TRPM4 knockdown prevents H2O2-induced necrosis but not apoptosis. |
Site-directed mutagenesis (Cys1093), patch-clamp, TRPM4 shRNA knockdown, cell death assays |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
20884614
|
| 2010 |
TRPM4 deficiency in chromaffin cells causes increased acetylcholine-induced exocytotic release events, leading to elevated plasma epinephrine and hypertension; TRPM4 normally limits catecholamine release by regulating membrane potential and Ca2+ entry driving force. |
Trpm4-/- mice, capacitance measurements of exocytosis in chromaffin cells, pharmacological ganglionic blockade, plasma catecholamine measurements |
The Journal of clinical investigation |
High |
20679729
|
| 2010 |
Trpm4 deficiency alters Th1 and Th2 Ca2+ signaling divergently and controls nuclear localization of NFATc1; higher TRPM4 expression in Th2 cells limits Ca2+ influx and oscillations, while lower expression in Th1 cells has the opposite effect. |
Trpm4 knockdown, Ca2+ imaging, NFAT nuclear localization assay, cytokine production measurement |
Journal of immunology |
Medium |
20656926
|
| 2011 |
TRPM4 enhances cell proliferation through upregulation of β-catenin signaling; TRPM4 silencing promotes GSK-3β-dependent degradation of β-catenin and reduces β-catenin/Tcf/Lef-dependent transcription, while TRPM4 overexpression increases proliferation and β-catenin levels. |
TRPM4 shRNA knockdown, TRPM4 overexpression, luciferase reporter assays for β-catenin/Tcf/Lef, Western blotting |
Journal of cellular physiology |
Medium |
20625999
|
| 2012 |
SUR1 and TRPM4 co-assemble into heteromeric Sur1-Trpm4 channels in CNS injury; co-expression yields channels with biophysical properties of TRPM4 and pharmacological properties (sulfonylurea sensitivity) of SUR1; co-assembly doubles TRPM4 affinity for calmodulin and doubles Ca2+ sensitivity; Sur1-Trpm4 heteromers appear de novo after spinal cord injury. |
FRET, co-immunoprecipitation, patch-clamp electrophysiology, in vivo spinal cord injury model |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
23255597
|
| 2012 |
TRPM4 mediates axonal and neuronal degeneration in inflammatory CNS lesions; TRPM4 is expressed in neuronal somata and in axons in EAE/MS lesions; TRPM4 deficiency or glibenclamide treatment reduces axonal/neuronal degeneration; electrophysiology reveals TRPM4-dependent ion influx and oncotic swelling upon excitotoxic stimulation. |
Trpm4-/- mice, EAE model, pharmacological inhibition, electrophysiology, in vitro excitotoxicity |
Nature medicine |
High |
23160238
|
| 2012 |
TRPM4 channel controls Ca2+ signaling in monocytes/macrophages; TRPM4 deficiency impairs Ca2+ mobilization in macrophages, downregulates AKT signaling, and reduces phagocytic activity leading to bacterial overgrowth in sepsis; neutrophil Ca2+ signaling and function are unaffected by TRPM4 loss. |
Trpm4-/- mice, cecal ligation and puncture sepsis model, Ca2+ imaging, phagocytosis assays, AKT signaling analysis |
Journal of immunology |
High |
22933633
|
| 2013 |
TRPM4 is functionally present in mouse ventricular myocytes and is activated by Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release; loss of TRPM4 shortens action potential duration (APD50/APD90), increases driving force for L-type Ca2+ current, and augments β-adrenergic inotropic response in vitro and in vivo. |
Trpm4-/- mice, patch-clamp, membrane potential measurements, microfluorometry, pressure-volume loop analysis |
Circulation research |
High |
24226423
|
| 2014 |
TRPM4 localizes to focal adhesions and interacts with focal adhesion-related proteins; TRPM4 suppression in MEFs impairs focal adhesion turnover, FAK and Rac activities, serum-induced Ca2+ influx, and reduces cellular spreading, migration, and contractility; TRPM4 inhibition also impairs cutaneous wound healing in vivo. |
Mass spectrometry proteomics, immunofluorescence co-localization, TRPM4 siRNA/shRNA, FAK and Rac activity assays, Ca2+ imaging, migration assays, in vivo wound healing |
PloS one |
High |
26110647
|
| 2014 |
Negatively charged residues Asp1049 and Glu1062 in and near the TRP domain of TRPM4 C-terminal tail are required for normal Ca2+ sensitivity; mutation of these residues deteriorates Ca2+ sensitivity in the presence of Co2+ or PIP2, identifying the TRP domain as a site responsible for Ca2+ sensitivity regulation. |
Site-directed mutagenesis, patch-clamp electrophysiology, divalent cation application |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
25378404
|
| 2014 |
TRPM4 is N-linked glycosylated at Asn992; abolishment of glycosylation by N992Q mutation decreases current density without altering plasma membrane channel number, whereas tunicamycin treatment increases TRPM4 current, suggesting glycosylation primarily modulates channel function rather than trafficking. |
Site-directed mutagenesis (N992Q), Western blot, surface biotinylation, patch-clamp electrophysiology, tunicamycin treatment |
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience |
Medium |
24605085
|
| 2015 |
TRPM4 acts as an essential co-activator of NMDA receptors during LTP induction in CA1 hippocampal neurons; Trpm4-/- mice lack NMDAR-dependent LTP, which is rescued by facilitating NMDAR activation or post-synaptic membrane depolarization in a pairing protocol; TRPM4 generates post-synaptic depolarization in a feed-forward loop necessary for full NMDAR activation. |
Trpm4-/- mice, in vitro electrophysiology (LTP/LTD protocols), pairing protocol rescue |
Pflugers Archiv |
High |
26631168
|
| 2015 |
PIP2 and PIP3 interact with the proximal N-terminal region (E733–W772) of TRPM4; R755 and R767 are important for PIP2/PIP3 binding specificity as their mutation reduces binding; PIP3-TRPM4 interaction is a novel finding. |
Biophysical binding assays, molecular modeling, mutagenesis of R755 and R767 |
Biophysical chemistry |
Medium |
26071843
|
| 2015 |
Selective cardiac TRPM4 deletion results in increased hypertrophic growth after chronic angiotensin II treatment; TRPM4-deficient cardiomyocytes show increased store-operated Ca2+ entry upon AngII treatment, elevated calcineurin activity and NFAT pathway activation, establishing TRPM4 as a negative regulator of calcineurin-NFAT-dependent cardiac hypertrophy. |
Cardiac-specific Trpm4 knockout mice, AngII treatment, Ca2+ measurements, calcineurin activity assays, gene expression |
Basic research in cardiology |
High |
26043922
|
| 2016 |
Sur1-Trpm4 channels in TLR4-activated microglia regulate NOS2 transcription via a Ca2+-sensitive calcineurin/NFAT pathway; inhibiting or silencing Sur1 or Trpm4 paradoxically increases intracellular Ca2+, activating CaMKII phosphorylation of calcineurin, reducing NFAT nuclear translocation, and decreasing Nos2 expression and NO production. |
In vivo microglia, primary cultures from KO mice, co-immunoprecipitation, patch-clamp, Ca2+ imaging, chromatin immunoprecipitation, Griess assay |
Journal of neuroinflammation |
High |
27246103
|
| 2016 |
The PLC inhibitor U73122 is a potent agonist of TRPM4 channels through covalent modification, directly activating TRPM4 independently of PLC, PIP2, and Ca2+; TRPM5 is insensitive while TRPM3 is inhibited, demonstrating specificity within the TRPM family. |
Patch-clamp electrophysiology in CHO, HEK293T, Jurkat cells with endogenous and recombinant TRPM4 |
British journal of pharmacology |
High |
27328745
|
| 2017 |
Cryo-EM structure of full-length human TRPM4 in lipid nanodiscs at ~3 Å resolution reveals a well-defined Ca2+-binding site within the intracellular S1-S4 domain; two structures (with and without Ca2+) represent closed states; Ca2+ binding induces conformational changes that prime the channel for voltage-dependent opening. |
Single-particle cryo-EM in lipid nanodiscs |
Science |
High |
29217581
|
| 2017 |
Cryo-EM structure of mouse TRPM4 reveals three-tiered architecture; ATP binds at the N-terminal nucleotide-binding domain and inhibits channel activity; filter residue Gln973 is essential for monovalent cation selectivity; PtdIns(4,5)P2 and Ca2+-binding sites are located in the S1-S4 domain and TRP domain. |
Cryo-EM structure determination with and without ATP; functional validation of filter mutants |
Nature |
High |
29211714
|
| 2017 |
Cryo-EM structure of human TRPM4 bound to Ca2+ and decavanadate reveals an umbrella-like cytosolic architecture with coiled-coil pole and MHR helical ribs; two decavanadate-binding sites identified; Gln in selectivity filter is an important determinant of monovalent selectivity. |
Single-particle cryo-EM |
Nature |
High |
29211723
|
| 2017 |
AQP4 physically co-assembles with SUR1-TRPM4 to form a tripartite SUR1-TRPM4-AQP4 heteromultimeric complex that drives fast, high-capacity water transport and astrocyte swelling; the full tripartite complex is required for cell swelling, and genetic inactivation of the SUR1-TRPM4 solute pore blocks in vivo astrocyte swelling in brain edema. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, FRET, calcein fluorescence cell-swelling assays in COS-7 cells, primary astrocytes, and in vivo mouse brain edema model |
Glia |
High |
28906027
|
| 2018 |
Cryo-EM structure of full-length human TRPM4 in apo state at 3.7 Å identifies an upper gate in the selectivity filter and a lower gate at the entrance to the cytoplasmic coiled-coil; intramolecular interactions exist between TRP domain and S4-S5 linker; 24 lipid binding sites, one pore-loop disulfide bond, and N-linked glycosylation at an extracellular site are identified; five partially hydrated Na+ ions occupy the pore. |
Single-particle cryo-EM |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
High |
29463718
|
| 2018 |
Gain-of-function mutations in the S6 transmembrane domain of TRPM4 (p.Ile1033Met, p.Ile1040Thr) cause progressive symmetric erythrokeratodermia; mutants show enhanced baseline activity, increased Ca2+ sensitivity, and elevated resting membrane potential; these substitutions affect activation gating as predicted by cryo-EM structures. |
Human genetic analysis, electrophysiology of mutant channels, in vitro keratinocyte overexpression studies |
The Journal of investigative dermatology |
High |
30528822
|
| 2018 |
TRPM4 and TRPM5 are both required for taste transduction; loss of either channel significantly impairs sweet, bitter, and umami detection, and combined loss of both channels completely abolishes detection of these stimuli, placing both channels as downstream components of multiple taste signaling pathways. |
Trpm4-/- and double-KO mice, live cell Ca2+ imaging of taste receptor cells, behavioral taste preference assays |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
High |
29311301
|
| 2018 |
tPA induces PAR1-mediated, SUR1-TRPM4-dependent phasic secretion of MMP-9 from activated brain endothelial cells; tPA causes SUR1-TRPM4 channel opening via plasmin-, PAR1-, TRPC3- and Ca2+-dependent manner; inhibition of SUR1 decreases tPA-induced phasic but not tonic MMP-9 secretion. |
Patch-clamp electrophysiology, Ca2+ imaging, immunoblot, ELISA, zymography, genetic and pharmacological manipulations in brain endothelial cells, in vivo stroke model |
PloS one |
High |
29617457
|
| 2018 |
TRPM4 is expressed in soma and proximal dendrites but not the axon initial segment of mPFC pyramidal neurons; a 9-phenanthrol-sensitive current is active at resting membrane potential in soma but not distal dendrites, indicating subcellular compartment-specific TRPM4 function. |
Multiplex immunofluorescence labeling, perforated patch-clamp with local perfusion |
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience |
Medium |
29440991
|
| 2018 |
Deletion of Trpm4 unexpectedly reduces peak Na+ currents (Nav1.5-mediated) in cardiac myocytes, consistent with slower intraventricular conduction, suggesting TRPM4 regulates Nav1.5 function in murine cardiomyocytes. |
Trpm4-/- mice, perforated-patch clamp, immunoblotting, in vivo and Langendorff ECG |
International journal of molecular sciences |
Medium |
33810249
|
| 2020 |
NMDAR-mediated excitotoxicity requires physical coupling of NMDARs to TRPM4 via intracellular near-membrane domains; disruption of the NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface by small molecules spares NMDAR-induced Ca2+ signaling but blocks excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and CREB shutoff, and reduces neuronal loss in stroke and retinal degeneration models. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, structure-based computational drug screening, small molecule interface inhibitors, mouse models of stroke and retinal degeneration |
Science |
High |
33033186
|
| 2021 |
Selective deletion of TRPM4 in cardiomyocytes results in ~50% reduction in LVH induced by transverse aortic constriction, identifying TRPM4 as a component of the mechanosensory signaling pathway that induces pressure overload-dependent hypertrophy. |
Cardiomyocyte-specific Trpm4 knockout mice, transverse aortic constriction, cardiac morphometry and function |
eLife |
High |
34190686
|
| 2021 |
NO/cGMP/PKG signaling causes vasodilation by inhibiting TRPM4 channels in smooth muscle cells via IRAG; phosphorylation of IRAG by PKG inhibits IP3R-mediated Ca2+ release from the SR, thereby blocking Ca2+-dependent TRPM4 activation; IRAG, PKG, and IP3Rs form a nanoscale signaling complex on the SR. |
Patch-clamp electrophysiology, superresolution microscopy, IRAG knockdown, pharmacological inhibition of PKG/sGC |
Function (Oxford, England) |
High |
34734188
|
| 2022 |
TRPM4 contributes to a long-lasting Ca2+ overload-induced background current regulating cardiomyocyte excitability; Trpm4-/- mice show reduced Ca2+-dependent triggered arrhythmias; meclofenamate is identified as a potent TRPM4 antagonist that suppresses catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia-associated arrhythmias in a TRPM4-dependent manner. |
Trpm4-/- mice, patch-clamp, in vivo telemetric ECG, compound screening, drug validation |
European heart journal |
High |
35822895
|
| 2022 |
SUR1-TRPM4 activation in microglia triggers K+ efflux via Na+ influx-driven opening of K+ channels, which activates NLRP3 inflammasome; this process requires P2X7 receptor-mediated Ca2+ influx to activate SUR1-TRPM4; GLB or 9-phenanthrol block this pathway. |
In vivo rat cardiac arrest model, BV2 microglial cells, siRNA knockdown, pharmacological inhibition, inflammasome assays |
Molecular neurobiology |
Medium |
35972671
|
| 2023 |
Na+ influx through SUR1-TRPM4 in perivascular astrocyte endfeet induces Ca2+ transport via NCX1 in reverse mode, raising intra-endfoot Ca2+, which stimulates calmodulin-dependent translocation of AQP4 to the plasma membrane and water influx causing brain swelling after ischemic stroke. |
Mouse ischemic stroke model, pharmacological inhibition, astrocyte-specific KO of SUR1-TRPM4, Ca2+ imaging, AQP4 surface localization assays |
Science signaling |
High |
37279286
|
| 2023 |
A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies TRPM4 as essential for necrosis-inducing anticancer therapy; TRPM4-mediated Na+ influx and cell swelling sustains lethal unfolded protein response (a-UPR) hyperactivation; TRPM4 knockout abolishes therapy-induced tumor regression in vivo and blocks immunogenic cell death signals. |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen, TRPM4 KO, in vivo tumor models, UPR assays, cell volume measurements, ATP depletion assays, macrophage activation assays |
Cancer research |
High |
37522838
|
| 2025 |
Persistent TRPM4 activation by compound NC1 induces necrotic cell death through Na+ overload (NECSO); NC1 specifically activates human but not mouse TRPM4 due to differences in a transmembrane region identified by domain swapping and molecular docking; gain-of-function cardiac arrhythmia mutations in TRPM4 increase vulnerability to NECSO. |
Domain swapping, molecular docking, TRPM4-deficient cells, electrophysiology, cell death assays, chemical screening |
Nature chemical biology |
High |
39915626
|
| 2016 |
TRPM4 is a functional tetramer in detergent micelles and can be reconstituted into liposomes as a functional channel; single-channel recordings from proteoliposomes show inhibition by flufenamic acid. |
Crosslinking, native gel electrophoresis, multi-angle laser light scattering, electron microscopy, electrophysiology of proteoliposomes |
Scientific reports |
High |
26785754
|
| 2023 |
Piezo1 activation functionally couples to TRPM4 in atrial myocyte-like cells; Yoda1-induced Piezo1 activation changes action potential frequency, and this effect is significantly reduced by TRPM4 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition, demonstrating a Piezo1→Ca2+→TRPM4 signaling axis in cardiomyocytes. |
siRNA knockdown, pharmacological inhibition, fluorescent voltage-sensitive dye action potential recording in HL-1 cells |
The Journal of physiology |
Medium |
38098265
|
| 2022 |
p53 represses TRPM4 expression by acting on the TRPM4 promoter; loss of p53 or p63γ increases TRPM4 promoter activity, mRNA, protein, and Na+ currents; p53-mediated TRPM4 suppression increases store-operated Ca2+ entry and alters cell cycle distribution. |
CRISPR-Cas9 TRPM4 KO, p53 overexpression, promoter reporter assays, patch-clamp, Ca2+ imaging |
Cell calcium |
Medium |
35500522
|
| 2018 |
TRPM4 inhibition in CA1 neurons and hippocampus contributes to synaptic plasticity; in Trpm4-/- rats, TRPM4 deletion impairs hippocampus-dependent spatial working and reference memory and affects LTP kinetics, with enhanced initial BOLD fMRI response in the stimulated hippocampus. |
Trpm4-/- rats, chronic in vivo electrophysiology, behavioral testing (Barnes maze, T-maze, Morris water maze), fMRI |
Brain structure & function |
Medium |
29571504
|