Affinage

TRAF5

TNF receptor-associated factor 5 · UniProt O00463

Length
557 aa
Mass
64.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
78 papers in source corpus 35 papers cited in narrative 35 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 9/9 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

TRAF5 is a cytoplasmic RING-finger adaptor and ubiquitin ligase of the TRAF family that couples members of the TNF receptor superfamily to NF-κB, JNK/SAPK, and MAPK signaling (PMID:8663299, PMID:8790348). It is recruited to the cytoplasmic tails of multiple receptors—LT-βR, CD40, ATAR, CD27, OX40, and CD30—through its TRAF homology (MATH) domain, with paralog-specific peptide-binding selectivity that distinguishes it from TRAF2 and TRAF3 (PMID:8663299, PMID:8790348, PMID:9153189, PMID:9582383, PMID:9488716, PMID:26779844). Across these receptors TRAF5 functions largely redundantly with TRAF2: double-knockout cells show severely impaired TNF-induced (but not IL-1-induced) NF-κB activation, placing the TRAF2/TRAF5 module upstream of a NIK/TAK1–IKK axis that drives IκB degradation and p65 Ser-536 phosphorylation (PMID:9582383, PMID:11479302, PMID:12842894), while acting as a cytoplasmic scaffold that clusters IKKα, NIK, and IκBα (PMID:12000717). Genetic studies established non-redundant roles in lymphocyte biology, including CD40-driven B-cell activation, CD27 T-cell costimulation, osteoclastogenesis, and plasmacytoid dendritic cell development (PMID:10449775, PMID:12619928, PMID:31668809). TRAF5 also acts as a brake on inflammation: it constitutively binds gp130 to suppress STAT3 recruitment and JAK1 transphosphorylation, thereby limiting IL-6-driven Th17 differentiation (PMID:24681564, PMID:29668931), and negatively regulates TLR signaling in B cells by disrupting TAB2–TRAF6 association (PMID:24259503). Through its RING domain it conjugates K63-linked polyubiquitin to RORγt, stabilizing this Th17 master transcription factor (PMID:26453305), and it participates in IL-17-induced mRNA-stabilizing complexes (Act1–TRAF2/TRAF5–SF2(ASF); TRAF2/TRAF5–HuR) that control CXCL1 and PFKFB3 expression (PMID:21822258, PMID:39944257). In antiviral immunity TRAF5 acts downstream of dimerized MAVS to recruit NEMO and activate IRF3 and NF-κB, with structural and mutational analysis showing that its TRAF domain lacks two residues required for the full TRAF3-like type I interferon response (PMID:20161788, PMID:23150880). TRAF5 abundance is itself controlled by ubiquitination, being targeted for K48-linked degradation by Numbl (PMID:22593207). In vivo, TRAF5 deficiency aggravates atherosclerosis, diet-induced metabolic disease, NAFLD/NASH (via JNK1), colitis, and autoimmune neuroinflammation, defining a broadly protective, anti-inflammatory function (PMID:20651286, PMID:24681564, PMID:27032381, PMID:34348490, PMID:37575027).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 24 steps
  1. 1996 High

    Established TRAF5 as a new TRAF-family adaptor that physically couples a TNF receptor cytoplasmic tail to NF-κB activation, defining its core signaling role.

    Evidence In vitro binding and Co-IP to LT-βR and CD40, NF-κB reporter and domain-truncation/dominant-negative assays in COS7/HEK293 cells (two independent labs)

    PMID:8663299 PMID:8790348

    Open questions at the time
    • Receptor binding shown by overexpression/in vitro assays, not endogenous complexes
    • Catalytic ubiquitin ligase activity of the RING domain not yet demonstrated
  2. 1997 Medium

    Extended the receptor repertoire and showed differential TRAF2 vs TRAF5 usage, indicating non-equivalent functions among paralogs at a shared receptor (ATAR).

    Evidence cDNA cloning/chromosomal mapping, in vitro binding and synergistic NF-κB reporter assays

    PMID:9153189 PMID:9177772

    Open questions at the time
    • Synergy inferred from overexpression, not endogenous signaling
    • Molecular basis of TRAF2/TRAF5 divergence at ATAR unresolved
  3. 1998 High

    Placed TRAF5 upstream of NIK and demonstrated it transmits both NF-κB and SAPK/JNK signals from multiple costimulatory receptors (CD27, OX40), mapping the receptor motifs required.

    Evidence Cytoplasmic deletion mapping, dominant-negative epistasis, NF-κB EMSA and kinase assays for CD27 and OX40

    PMID:9488716 PMID:9582383

    Open questions at the time
    • Dominant-negative approaches do not distinguish TRAF5 from TRAF2 contribution
    • Direct kinase activation mechanism not defined
  4. 1999 High

    Genetic knockout revealed TRAF5 is dispensable for bulk NF-κB/JNK activation but required for specific CD40 B-cell and CD27 T-cell costimulatory outcomes, separating redundant from non-redundant functions.

    Evidence TRAF5-/- mice, NF-κB EMSA, JNK assay, flow cytometry, Ig production assays

    PMID:10449775

    Open questions at the time
    • Residual signaling attributed to redundancy but partner not formally tested here
    • Molecular events distinguishing affected from unaffected outputs unclear
  5. 2001 High

    Double-knockout genetics defined TRAF2 and TRAF5 as redundant, pathway-specific mediators of TNF-induced (not IL-1-induced) NF-κB activation and TNF cytoprotection.

    Evidence TRAF2/TRAF5 DKO MEFs, NF-κB nuclear translocation and cytotoxicity assays

    PMID:11479302

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not resolve which proximal receptor complex step requires the TRAFs
    • Relative contribution of each paralog not quantified
  6. 2002 Medium

    Identified a scaffolding role in which TRAF5 nucleates cytoplasmic clusters of IKKα/NIK/IκBα to sustain constitutive NF-κB signaling in malignant cells.

    Evidence Confocal immunofluorescence and dominant-negative rescue in Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (CD30) cells

    PMID:12000717

    Open questions at the time
    • Co-localization does not prove direct binding to IKK/NIK
    • Single tumor cell context
  7. 2003 High

    Positioned the TRAF2/TRAF5 module upstream of TAK1–IKK to drive activating p65 Ser-536 phosphorylation, and revealed signaling-independent requirements for osteoclast differentiation.

    Evidence Phospho-p65 detection in DKO MEFs with siRNA/dominant-negative TAK1/IKK; TRAF5-/- osteoclast cultures and PTH hypercalcemia model

    PMID:12619928 PMID:12842894

    Open questions at the time
    • How TRAF5 supports osteoclastogenesis when JNK/NF-κB are intact is undefined
    • Direct TRAF5–TAK1 contact not shown
  8. 2009 High

    Refined the DKO phenotype, showing TRAF2/TRAF5 normally restrain basal NIK/IKK activity and support RIP1 ubiquitination, while distinguishing TRAF2-specific cytoprotective functions.

    Evidence IKK/NIK assays, TNFR1 complex IP, RIP1 ubiquitination and cytotoxicity in DKO MEFs

    PMID:19409903

    Open questions at the time
    • TRAF5-specific contribution to RIP1 ubiquitination not isolated
    • Mechanism of basal NIK restraint by TRAF5 not detailed
  9. 2009 High

    Demonstrated TRAF5 is the dominant adaptor exploited by EBV LMP1 to drive pathogenic B-cell JNK signaling in vivo, linking the protein to viral oncoprotein signaling.

    Evidence Co-IP and LMP1/CD40 transgenic mice crossed to TRAF5-KO, JNK assay and in vivo phenotyping

    PMID:19805155

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct LMP1–TRAF5 interface not mapped structurally
    • Whether TRAF5 mediates only JNK or also other LMP1 outputs unresolved
  10. 2010 Medium

    Connected TRAF5 to antiviral innate immunity as a MAVS-dependent effector that recruits NEMO and activates IRF3 and NF-κB.

    Evidence Co-IP, ubiquitination assay, IRF3/NF-κB reporters, MAVS truncation, TRAF5 siRNA

    PMID:20161788

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional readouts mainly reporter-based
    • Ubiquitin linkage type and ligase responsible not defined here
  11. 2010 High

    Established a TRAF2-independent protective, anti-inflammatory role for TRAF5 in vascular disease, restraining leukocyte adhesion, JNK activation, and foam cell formation.

    Evidence TRAF5/LDLR DKO mice, intravital microscopy, adhesion and lipid uptake assays

    PMID:20651286

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular target of TRAF5's JNK suppression in endothelium/macrophages not identified
    • Receptor driving the phenotype not pinpointed
  12. 2011 High

    Defined a post-transcriptional function for TRAF5 in IL-17 signaling, acting in an Act1–TRAF2/TRAF5–SF2(ASF) complex to stabilize chemokine mRNA.

    Evidence siRNA epistasis, mRNA half-life measurement, Co-IP and RNA-protein binding for CXCL1

    PMID:21822258

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct RNA contact by TRAF5 vs scaffold role not separated
    • Whether ubiquitin ligase activity is involved unknown
  13. 2012 High

    Provided the structural basis for paralog-specific antiviral output, showing two TRAF3 residues absent in TRAF5 dictate Cardif/MAVS binding and IFN induction; and identified Numbl-mediated K48 ubiquitination as a degradative control of TRAF5.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography of TRAF5/TRAF3 TRAF domains with gain-of-function mutagenesis; Co-IP and K48-ubiquitination/proteasome assays for Numbl

    PMID:22593207 PMID:23150880

    Open questions at the time
    • Endogenous consequences of the TRAF5 residue differences not tested in vivo
    • Whether Numbl regulation occurs physiologically beyond glioma cells unclear
  14. 2013 High

    Revealed TRAF5 as a negative regulator of TLR/MyD88 signaling in B cells, dampening ERK/JNK and cytokine output by disrupting TAB2–TRAF6 association.

    Evidence TRAF5-KO B cells, cytokine ELISA, phospho-MAPK westerns, Co-IP with MyD88/TAB2/TRAF6

    PMID:24259503

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of selective ERK/JNK control without NF-κB effect unexplained
    • Cell-type restriction of the negative regulation not fully mapped
  15. 2014 High

    Identified a constitutive TRAF5–gp130 interaction that suppresses STAT3 to limit Th17 differentiation, establishing TRAF5 as a negative regulator of IL-6 signaling with in vivo autoimmune consequences.

    Evidence Co-IP, STAT3 phosphorylation assay, Traf5-/- Th17 differentiation and EAE model

    PMID:24681564

    Open questions at the time
    • Exact gp130 region competed with STAT3 not residue-mapped
    • Relationship to TRAF5's positive RORγt-stabilizing role within the same lineage not reconciled here
  16. 2015 High

    Demonstrated TRAF5 RING-dependent K63 polyubiquitination stabilizes RORγt, providing a positive, enzymatic mechanism promoting Th17 gene expression.

    Evidence Co-IP, K63-specific ubiquitination, RING mutant, TRAF5 knockdown and RORγt stability/qRT-PCR in Th17 cells

    PMID:26453305

    Open questions at the time
    • How this pro-Th17 activity is balanced against TRAF5's anti-Th17 gp130 role unresolved
    • In vivo requirement of the RING activity for Th17 responses not tested
  17. 2016 High

    Established isoform-specific JNK1 inhibition as a mechanism by which TRAF5 protects against metabolic liver disease, and confirmed distinct TRAF5 peptide-binding selectivity among paralogs.

    Evidence Traf5-KO×Jnk1-KO epistasis in HFD/ob-ob mice; deep mutational scanning of MATH-domain peptide binding

    PMID:26779844 PMID:27032381

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct TRAF5–JNK1 molecular interaction not shown
    • Functional consequences of the distinct peptide preferences not tested
  18. 2018 Medium

    Provided a proximal mechanism for IL-6 suppression, showing constitutive TRAF2/TRAF5 binding to gp130 limits JAK1–JAK1 proximity and transphosphorylation.

    Evidence Luciferase fragment complementation for JAK1–JAK1 proximity and phospho-JAK1 in Traf5-/- T cells

    PMID:29668931

    Open questions at the time
    • Proximity assay is indirect for endogenous receptor geometry
    • Single lab; structural basis of JAK1 separation undefined
  19. 2019 Medium

    Defined a cell-intrinsic developmental role for TRAF5 in plasmacytoid dendritic cell commitment via TCF4/ID2 balance.

    Evidence TRAF5-/- mice, bone marrow chimeras, DC subset flow cytometry, progenitor cultures

    PMID:31668809

    Open questions at the time
    • Signaling pathway linking TRAF5 to TCF4/ID2 not defined
    • Single lab
  20. 2020 Medium

    Broadened TRAF5's protective, anti-inflammatory functions across tissues (cardiac I/R via AKT, adipocyte inflammation, intestinal TRAF2 protein stabilization, IL-17A-induced IL-6 modulation via 14-3-3ζ).

    Evidence Multiple TRAF5-KO mouse models with AKT phosphorylation, cytokine, proteasome-dependent TRAF2 stability, and Co-IP assays

    PMID:32156688 PMID:32234528 PMID:32968020 PMID:34348490

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanisms linking TRAF5 to AKT and to TRAF2 stabilization not molecularly resolved
    • Each finding from a single lab/model
  21. 2021 Medium

    Implicated TRAF5–LTBR signaling in tumor cell survival, where TRAF5 sustains NF-κB and suppresses necroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Evidence Co-IP, siRNA with LTBR overexpression rescue, NF-κB and necroptosis markers, xenograft

    PMID:37366426

    Open questions at the time
    • Single tumor context
    • Direct effect on RIP1/MLKL not mechanistically dissected
  22. 2023 Medium

    Linked TRAF5 to control of pathogenic intestinal Th1/Th17 differentiation through Runx1, expanding its T-cell-intrinsic regulatory functions in colitis.

    Evidence T-cell transfer colitis with AAV-mediated Runx1 KO epistasis, flow cytometry, cytokine measurement

    PMID:37575027

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular connection between TRAF5 and Runx1 unknown
    • Single in vivo model
  23. 2024 Medium

    Extended TRAF5's post-transcriptional adaptor role to metabolic reprogramming, forming a TRAF2/TRAF5/HuR complex that stabilizes PFKFB3 mRNA to drive IL-17A-induced glycolysis.

    Evidence Co-IP, RIP, RNA pull-down, siRNA and glycolysis (ECAR) assays in hepatic stellate cells

    PMID:39944257

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether TRAF5 binds RNA directly or scaffolds HuR unclear
    • Single lab/cell type
  24. 2025 Low

    Began to define how TRAF5's antiviral activity is enabled, identifying the E3 ligase Huwe1 as a partner required for TRAF5-driven type I IFN induction.

    Evidence CRISPR Huwe1 KO, IFN-β reporter, proteomics and Co-IP in primary macrophages (preprint)

    PMID:bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645708

    Open questions at the time
    • Preprint, single lab, not peer-reviewed
    • Whether Huwe1 ubiquitinates TRAF5 directly and the linkage type not established
    • Functional role of TRAF5 as Huwe1 substrate vs cofactor unresolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How TRAF5 reconciles its opposing roles—positive RING-dependent stabilization of RORγt versus negative suppression of gp130/STAT3 and TLR/TRAF6 signaling—within the same cell, and what governs the choice between K63-activating and degradative regulation, remains unresolved.
  • No unified model integrating TRAF5's positive and negative immune functions
  • Endogenous substrate spectrum of TRAF5 ligase activity undefined
  • Structural basis of receptor-specific recruitment in cells not established

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 5 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 2 GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 1 GO:0016874 ligase activity 1
Localization
GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 5 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 5 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 2
Partners
GP130HUWE1LTBRMAVSRORCTRAF2TRAF3TRAF6
Complex memberships
Act1–TRAF2/TRAF5–SF2(ASF) mRNA-stabilizing complexTRAF2/TRAF5/HuR complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 35 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1996 TRAF5 was identified as a novel TRAF family member containing RING finger, zinc finger, coiled-coil, and TRAF homology domains. In vitro translation and co-immunoprecipitation in COS7 cells showed TRAF5 binds the cytoplasmic region of the lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LT-βR) but not CD40, both TNF receptors, Fas, or NGF receptor. Overexpression of full-length TRAF5 (but not a truncated form lacking the zinc-binding region) activated NF-κB in HEK293 cells, and dominant-negative TRAF5 partially inhibited LT-βR-induced NF-κB activation. In vitro binding assay (translated protein), co-immunoprecipitation in COS7 cells, NF-κB reporter assay in HEK293 cells, domain truncation analysis The Journal of biological chemistry High 8663299
1996 TRAF5 was cloned via yeast two-hybrid using the CD40 cytoplasmic tail as bait. In vitro binding assays confirmed TRAF5 associates with CD40 (residues 230–269 required) but not TNFR2. Overexpression of TRAF5 activates NF-κB, and amino-terminally truncated TRAF5 suppresses CD40-mediated CD23 induction, similar to TRAF3. Yeast two-hybrid, in vitro binding assay, NF-κB reporter assay, CD40 deletion mutant analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 8790348
1997 Human TRAF5 cDNA was cloned and mapped to chromosome 1q32. The encoded 557-aa protein retains typical TRAF family structural features. Overexpression of human TRAF5 activated NF-κB in 293T cells, and the protein was found to bind LT-βR cytoplasmic region more efficiently than CD40 or CD30. cDNA cloning, chromosomal mapping (FISH), NF-κB reporter assay, binding assay Genomics Medium 9177772
1997 The novel TNFR family member ATAR (both human and mouse) physically interacts with TRAF5 and TRAF2 via its C-terminal 20 amino acids. Co-expression of ATAR with TRAF5 (but not TRAF2) results in synergistic NF-κB activation, indicating differential roles of TRAF2 and TRAF5 downstream of ATAR. In vitro binding assay, co-immunoprecipitation, NF-κB reporter assay The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 9153189
1998 CD27 activates NF-κB and SAPK/JNK through direct interaction with TRAF2 and TRAF5 via its C-terminal PIQEDYR motif. Dominant-negative TRAF2 or TRAF5 blocked both NF-κB and SAPK/JNK activation induced by CD27. NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) acts as a common downstream kinase of TRAF2 and TRAF5 in this pathway. Cytoplasmic domain deletion analysis, dominant-negative transfection, NF-κB EMSA, kinase assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 9582383
1998 OX40 associates with TRAF1, TRAF2, TRAF3, and TRAF5 (but not TRAF4) in vitro, and with TRAF2, TRAF3, and TRAF5 in vivo. A cytoplasmic sequence (aa 256–263, GGSFRTPI) is required for TRAF association and NF-κB activation. Dominant-negative TRAF2 and TRAF5 suppress OX40-induced NF-κB activation in a dose-dependent manner. GST pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation in HEK293T, NF-κB EMSA, deletion mutant analysis, dominant-negative transfection The Journal of biological chemistry High 9488716
1998 Human TRAF5 protein binds the LT-βR cytoplasmic region more efficiently than CD40 or CD30, and overexpression activates NF-κB in 293T cells. The gene was mapped to human chromosome 1q32.3–q41.1. cDNA cloning, binding assay, NF-κB reporter assay, chromosomal mapping (PCR-RFLP) Gene Medium 9511754
1999 TRAF5-deficient mice generated by gene targeting showed that TRAF5 loss does not completely abrogate TNF-, CD27-, or CD40-induced NF-κB or JNK activation, but TRAF5-/- B cells exhibit defects in CD40-driven proliferation, upregulation of CD23, CD54, CD80, CD86, and Fas, and reduced IgG production with IL-4. TRAF5-/- T cells show impaired CD27-mediated costimulatory signaling. Gene targeting (KO mice), NF-κB EMSA, JNK kinase assay, flow cytometry, in vitro Ig production assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 10449775
2001 TRAF2 and TRAF5 double knockout (DKO) MEFs show severely impaired TNF-induced (but not IL-1-induced) NF-κB nuclear translocation, establishing redundant roles for TRAF2 and TRAF5 specifically in TNF-induced NF-κB activation. DKO MEFs are more susceptible to TNF-induced cytotoxicity than TRAF2 single KO cells. Double knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, NF-κB nuclear translocation assay, cytotoxicity assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 11479302
2001 Overexpression of TRAF5 (and TRAF6), or LMP1 (via its TRAF-binding site), suppresses Epstein-Barr virus oriP replication through a p38 MAPK-dependent pathway. Dominant-negative TRAF5 and TRAF6 relieve LMP1-induced oriP suppression; p38 MAPK inhibition abolishes the suppressive effect. Transient replication assay, dominant-negative transfection, p38 MAPK inhibitor, LMP1 deletion mutant analysis Journal of virology Medium 11333886
2002 In Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells with constitutively active CD30 signaling, TRAF2 and TRAF5 aggregate in cytoplasmic clusters and co-localize with IKKα, NIK, and IκBα. Dominant-negative TRAF2 and TRAF5 suppressed cytoplasmic aggregation and constitutive NF-κB activation, suggesting TRAF5 functions as a scaffolding protein in CD30-driven NF-κB signaling. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, dominant-negative transfection, NF-κB assay The American journal of pathology Medium 12000717
2003 TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 on Ser-536 is mediated through a TRAF2/TRAF5–TAK1–IKK pathway. This phosphorylation is severely impaired in MEFs from traf2-/-traf5-/- double KO mice. Dominant-negative TAK1, IKKα, IKKβ, and siRNAs against TAK1, IKKα, IKKβ each blocked the phosphorylation. Anti-phospho-p65 (Ser-536) antibody, double KO MEFs, dominant-negative overexpression, siRNA knockdown The Journal of biological chemistry High 12842894
2003 TRAF5-deficient osteoclast progenitor cells fail to differentiate effectively into mature multinucleated osteoclasts in response to RANKL or TNFα, even though JNK and NF-κB activation is preserved, demonstrating TRAF5 is required for osteoclastogenesis downstream of or parallel to these signaling events. In vivo, PTH-induced hypercalcemia is delayed in TRAF5-deficient mice. TRAF5-deficient mouse osteoclast progenitor cultures, RANKL/TNFα stimulation, JNK/NF-κB activation assay, PTH hypercalcemia model Journal of bone and mineral research High 12619928
2009 TRAF5 associates strongly with Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) — more strongly than with CD40 — and is required for LMP1-mediated c-Jun kinase signaling and B cell hyperactivation phenotypes. In mice expressing LMP1 in place of CD40, TRAF5 deficiency abrogated much of the abnormal splenic phenotype (splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, elevated IL-6, autoantibodies). Co-immunoprecipitation, LMP1/CD40 transgenic mice crossed with TRAF5-KO mice, JNK assay, in vivo phenotyping Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 19805155
2009 In TRAF2/TRAF5 double KO (T2/5 DKO) cells, basal IKK activity and NF-κB-dependent gene expression are elevated (not reduced) due to elevated NIK activity. TNFα-induced RIP1 ubiquitination is impaired in DKO cells, yet TNFα can still further activate IKK. TRAF2 (not TRAF5) is required for recruiting anti-apoptotic proteins to TNFR1 complex and protecting against TNFα-induced cell death. DKO MEF cells, IKK kinase assay, NF-κB target gene expression, NIK inhibition, TNFR1 complex immunoprecipitation, cytotoxicity assay Journal of molecular biology High 19409903
2010 TRAF5 is a downstream effector of MAVS in antiviral innate immune signaling. The MAVS transmembrane domain mediates dimerization and subsequent association with TRAF5 and induction of TRAF5 ubiquitination in a CARD-dependent manner. TRAF5 mediates both IRF3 and NF-κB activation downstream of MAVS, and NEMO is recruited to dimerized MAVS in a TRAF3/TRAF5-dependent manner. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, IRF3/NF-κB reporter assays, MAVS domain truncation, siRNA knockdown of TRAF5 PloS one Medium 20161788
2010 TRAF5 deficiency in mice accelerates atherosclerosis: TRAF5-/-/LDLR-/- mice develop larger lesions with more lipids and macrophages. TRAF5 deficiency in endothelial cells or leukocytes enhances inflammatory cell adhesion and increases JNK activation, and TRAF5-deficient macrophages show enhanced foam cell formation. These effects appear independent of TRAF2. TRAF5/LDLR double KO mice on high-cholesterol diet, intravital microscopy, dynamic adhesion assays, foam cell lipid uptake assay, JNK activation measurement Circulation research High 20651286
2011 IL-17 stabilizes CXCL1 mRNA via a pathway involving Act1→TRAF2/TRAF5→SF2(ASF). TRAF2 and TRAF5 are necessary for IL-17-induced mRNA stabilization. IL-17 promotes formation of a TRAF5–TRAF2–Act1–SF2(ASF) complex; SF2(ASF) binding to CXCL1 mRNA is reduced after IL-17 stimulation, correlating with mRNA stabilization. siRNA knockdown, mRNA half-life assay, co-immunoprecipitation, RNA-protein binding assay Nature immunology High 21822258
2012 Numbl directly interacts with TRAF5 and promotes K48-linked polyubiquitination of TRAF5, committing it to proteasomal degradation, thereby dampening TRAF5-dependent NF-κB activation and inhibiting glioma cell migration and invasion. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay (K48-specific), proteasome inhibitor treatment, overexpression/knockdown of Numbl, NF-κB reporter, migration/invasion assays Molecular biology of the cell Medium 22593207
2012 Crystal structures of the TRAF domain of TRAF5 and TRAF3 (bound to a Cardif/MAVS TRAF-interacting motif peptide) were solved. Structural comparison identified two key residues in TRAF3 (Tyr440 and Phe473) near the Cardif binding pocket absent in TRAF5. Mutating the corresponding TRAF5 residues to match TRAF3 conferred TRAF3-like antiviral (IFN-inducing) activity on TRAF5. X-ray crystallography, in vitro binding assay, cellular IFN reporter assay, site-directed mutagenesis Science signaling High 23150880
2013 TRAF5 is a negative regulator of TLR signaling in B lymphocytes. TRAF5-/- B cells overproduce IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-10, TNF-α, and IgM upon TLR stimulation, with markedly enhanced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK but no effect on NF-κB or cell survival. Following TLR stimulation, TRAF5 associates with MyD88 and TAB2, and negatively regulates TAB2–TRAF6 association. TRAF5 KO B cells, cytokine ELISA, flow cytometry, phospho-MAPK western blot, co-immunoprecipitation (TRAF5 with MyD88/TAB2/TRAF6) Journal of immunology High 24259503
2014 TRAF5 constitutively associates with a cytoplasmic region of gp130 that overlaps the STAT3 binding site, suppressing STAT3 recruitment and activation in response to IL-6, thereby limiting Th17 differentiation. TRAF5-deficient naïve CD4+ T cells show enhanced Th17 differentiation and TH17-driven EAE is greatly exacerbated in Traf5-/- mice. Co-immunoprecipitation (TRAF5–gp130), STAT3 phosphorylation assay, Traf5-/- mouse model, Th17 differentiation assay, EAE model Nature immunology High 24681564
2015 TRAF5 directly interacts with RORγt (the Th17 master transcription factor) and promotes K63-linked polyubiquitination of RORγt via its RING finger domain, stabilizing RORγt protein. TRAF5 depletion in Th17 cells destabilizes RORγt and downregulates IL-17A and other Th17-related genes. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay (K63-specific), RING domain mutant, TRAF5 knockdown in Th17 cells, RORγt protein stability assay, qRT-PCR The Journal of biological chemistry High 26453305
2016 TRAF5 negatively regulates NAFLD/NASH by blocking JNK1 (but not JNK2) activity. TRAF5 deficiency worsens HFD-induced metabolic disorders, and Jnk1 ablation markedly ameliorates the detrimental effects of Traf5 deficiency on obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and fibrosis. TRAF5 KO and overexpression in mice (HFD and ob/ob models), JNK1/JNK2-selective genetic ablation, liver histology, metabolic parameters Journal of hepatology High 27032381
2016 Deep mutational scanning of TRAF2, TRAF3, and TRAF5 MATH domain peptide-binding preferences revealed that TRAF5 shows distinct peptide binding specificity compared to TRAF2 and TRAF3. Different preferences were identified in both CD40 and TANK background peptide libraries, demonstrating previously unappreciated binding selectivity among TRAF paralogs. Deep mutational scanning, bacterial surface display of peptide libraries, next-generation sequencing enrichment analysis, individual peptide affinity measurement Protein science Medium 26779844
2018 TRAF2 and TRAF5 constitutively bind to gp130 and inhibit IL-6-driven JAK1 transphosphorylation by limiting proximal JAK1–JAK1 interaction in the IL-6 receptor complex. This was demonstrated using a luciferase fragment complementation system for JAK1–JAK1 proximity. Traf5-/- CD4+ T cells display significantly higher IL-6-induced pJAK1 levels than wild-type cells. Luciferase fragment complementation for JAK1–JAK1 interaction, HEK293T co-transfection, phospho-JAK1 western blot in Traf5-/- T cells International immunology Medium 29668931
2019 TRAF5 promotes plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) development from bone marrow progenitors in a cell-intrinsic manner. TRAF5 regulates the balance of transcription factors TCF4 and ID2 to promote pDC versus conventional DC commitment. TRAF5-/- mice, bone marrow chimera experiments, flow cytometry of DC subsets, bone marrow progenitor culture, TCF4/ID2 expression analysis Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 31668809
2020 14-3-3ζ physically interacts with TRAF5 (and TRAF6), and this interaction is increased in the presence of IL-17A. TRAF5 acts as an endogenous suppressor of IL-17A-induced IL-6 production, and 14-3-3ζ counters TRAF5's suppressive effect. 14-3-3ζ interaction with TRAF proteins is required for IL-17A-induced IL-6 levels, while TRAF5 and TRAF6 define distinct branches (IL-6 vs. CXCL-1) of IL-17A signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation, genetically manipulated human and mouse cells, ex vivo and in vivo rat models, IL-6/CXCL-1 production assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 32968020
2020 TRAF5 protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting AKT activation. TRAF5-knockout mice exhibit heavier heart damage, inflammatory response, and cell death after I/R injury. TRAF5 overexpression in H/R-stimulated cardiomyocytes inhibits inflammation and apoptosis. TRAF5 KO mice (myocardial I/R model), cardiomyocyte overexpression, AKT phosphorylation assay, apoptosis/inflammation readouts European journal of pharmacology Medium 32234528
2020 TRAF5 deficiency in nonhematopoietic intestinal epithelial cells reduces TRAF2 protein stability in a proteasome-dependent manner during inflammation, identifying TRAF5 as required for TRAF2 protein maintenance in inflamed colon tissue. TRAF5 KO mice (DSS colitis model), bone marrow chimeras, TRAF2 protein assay, proteasome inhibitor treatment, proinflammatory cytokine stimulation of TRAF5-/- nonhematopoietic cells ImmunoHorizons Medium 32156688
2021 TRAF5 deficiency in mice aggravates diet-induced obesity and metabolic derangements. TRAF5-deficient adipocytes (but not leukocytes) show increased expression of TNFα, MIP-1α, MCP-1, and RANTES, identifying TRAF5 as an anti-inflammatory regulator in adipocytes. Traf5-/- mice on high-fat diet, flow cytometry of adipose stromal vascular fraction, cell-type-specific gene expression, adipocyte isolation Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Medium 34348490
2021 TRAF5 silencing in HCC cells enhances necroptosis by suppressing LTBR (lymphotoxin-beta receptor)-mediated NF-κB signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed interaction between TRAF5 and LTBR. LTBR overexpression abolished the promotive effect of TRAF5 knockdown on necroptosis and reversed NF-κB suppression. Co-immunoprecipitation (TRAF5–LTBR), siRNA knockdown, LTBR overexpression rescue, NF-κB western blot, necroptosis markers (p-RIP1, p-MLKL), xenograft model PeerJ Medium 37366426
2023 TRAF5 regulates intestinal Th1/Th17 cell differentiation through Runx1. In a T-cell transfer colitis model, TRAF5-/- CD4+ T cells cause more severe colitis with increased IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17a. AAV-mediated Runx1 knockout inhibited TRAF5-/- CD4+ T cell differentiation into Th1 and Th17 cells in vivo, placing Runx1 downstream of TRAF5 in this pathway. T-cell transfer colitis model (Rag2-/- recipients), AAV-mediated Runx1 KO in vivo, flow cytometry, cytokine measurement (ELISA, qRT-PCR, IHC) Immunology Medium 37575027
2024 IL-17A promotes formation of a TRAF2/TRAF5/HuR complex that enhances PFKFB3 mRNA stability and expression, thereby activating glycolysis in hepatic stellate cells. Co-IP, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down confirmed interactions among TRAF2, TRAF5, and HuR in this complex. Silencing TRAF2 or TRAF5 abolished IL-17A-induced PFKFB3 upregulation and glycolysis. Co-immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down, siRNA knockdown, glycolysis assay (ECAR), western blot Central-European journal of immunology Medium 39944257
2025 The E3 ubiquitin ligase Huwe1 is required for TRAF5 activity in type I IFN induction downstream of RIG-I-like receptors. Proteomics identified TRAF5 (and MAVS and other TRAFs) as putative Huwe1 substrates; TRAF5 physically interacts with Huwe1; and Huwe1 is essential for TRAF5-dependent IFN-β induction. CRISPR KO of Huwe1, IFN-β reporter assay, proteomics for substrate identification, co-immunoprecipitation (Huwe1–TRAF5), primary macrophages bioRxivpreprint Low bio_10.1101_2025.03.27.645708

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 78 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2003 Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced IKK phosphorylation of NF-kappaB p65 on serine 536 is mediated through the TRAF2, TRAF5, and TAK1 signaling pathway. The Journal of biological chemistry 326 12842894
1996 TRAF5, an activator of NF-kappaB and putative signal transducer for the lymphotoxin-beta receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry 304 8663299
1996 TRAF5, a novel tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor family protein, mediates CD40 signaling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 303 8790348
2001 Critical roles of TRAF2 and TRAF5 in tumor necrosis factor-induced NF-kappa B activation and protection from cell death. The Journal of biological chemistry 256 11479302
1998 CD27, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, activates NF-kappaB and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase via TRAF2, TRAF5, and NF-kappaB-inducing kinase. The Journal of biological chemistry 216 9582383
2011 Treatment with IL-17 prolongs the half-life of chemokine CXCL1 mRNA via the adaptor TRAF5 and the splicing-regulatory factor SF2 (ASF). Nature immunology 203 21822258
1998 Activation of OX40 signal transduction pathways leads to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 2- and TRAF5-mediated NF-kappaB activation. The Journal of biological chemistry 165 9488716
1999 Targeted disruption of Traf5 gene causes defects in CD40- and CD27-mediated lymphocyte activation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 152 10449775
1997 ATAR, a novel tumor necrosis factor receptor family member, signals through TRAF2 and TRAF5. The Journal of biological chemistry 148 9153189
2021 Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promote Oxaliplatin Resistance via METTL3-Mediated m6A of TRAF5 and Necroptosis in Colorectal Cancer. Molecular pharmaceutics 90 33555197
2011 Roles of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and TRAF5 in immune cell functions. Immunological reviews 90 22017431
2019 MiR-141-3p inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting TRAF5 in colorectal cancer. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 73 31078266
2018 Astragaloside IV/lncRNA-TUG1/TRAF5 signaling pathway participates in podocyte apoptosis of diabetic nephropathy rats. Drug design, development and therapy 70 30233141
2012 Numbl inhibits glioma cell migration and invasion by suppressing TRAF5-mediated NF-κB activation. Molecular biology of the cell 70 22593207
2010 TRAF5 is a downstream target of MAVS in antiviral innate immune signaling. PloS one 70 20161788
2007 Physiological roles and mechanisms of signaling by TRAF2 and TRAF5. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 66 17633015
2003 TRAF5 functions in both RANKL- and TNFalpha-induced osteoclastogenesis. Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 52 12619928
2002 Cytoplasmic aggregation of TRAF2 and TRAF5 proteins in the Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg cells. The American journal of pathology 52 12000717
2010 TRAF5 deficiency accelerates atherogenesis in mice by increasing inflammatory cell recruitment and foam cell formation. Circulation research 49 20651286
2013 TRAF5 negatively regulates TLR signaling in B lymphocytes. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 47 24259503
2016 Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 5 (Traf5) acts as an essential negative regulator of hepatic steatosis. Journal of hepatology 45 27032381
2015 TRAF5-mediated Lys-63-linked Polyubiquitination Plays an Essential Role in Positive Regulation of RORγt in Promoting IL-17A Expression. The Journal of biological chemistry 43 26453305
2020 LINC00467 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis by binding with IGF2BP3 to enhance the mRNA stability of TRAF5 in hepatocellular carcinoma. The journal of gene medicine 40 31656043
2014 The adaptor TRAF5 limits the differentiation of inflammatory CD4(+) T cells by antagonizing signaling via the receptor for IL-6. Nature immunology 39 24681564
2018 Astragaloside suppresses apoptosis of the podocytes in rats with diabetic nephropathy via miR-378/TRAF5 signaling pathway. Life sciences 38 29792879
2013 HIV-1 Nef interacts with HCV Core, recruits TRAF2, TRAF5 and TRAF6, and stimulates HIV-1 replication in macrophages. Journal of innate immunity 38 23774506
2012 Single amino acid substitutions confer the antiviral activity of the TRAF3 adaptor protein onto TRAF5. Science signaling 37 23150880
2016 MiR-26b inhibits melanoma cell proliferation and enhances apoptosis by suppressing TRAF5-mediated MAPK activation. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 34 26872428
2009 TRAF5 is a critical mediator of in vitro signals and in vivo functions of LMP1, the viral oncogenic mimic of CD40. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 34 19805155
2019 Upregulation of miR-29b-3p protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-induced apoptosis by targeting TRAF5. Cellular & molecular biology letters 31 31011336
2009 TRAF2 suppresses basal IKK activity in resting cells and TNFalpha can activate IKK in TRAF2 and TRAF5 double knockout cells. Journal of molecular biology 30 19409903
2022 LncRNA HCG18 upregulates TRAF4/TRAF5 to facilitate proliferation, migration and EMT of epithelial ovarian cancer by targeting miR-29a/b. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 28 34983361
2019 miR-135a suppresses migration of gastric cancer cells by targeting TRAF5-mediated NF-κB activation. OncoTargets and therapy 27 30774383
2016 MicroRNA-26b regulates cancer proliferation migration and cell cycle transition by suppressing TRAF5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. American journal of translational research 27 27347306
2018 miR‑873 inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation by targeting TRAF5 and TAB1. Oncology reports 26 29328486
2014 TRAF5 and TRAF3IP2 gene polymorphisms are associated with Behçet's disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome: a case-control study. PloS one 26 24416204
2020 Circ_0010729 regulates hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injuries by activating TRAF5 via sponging miR-27a-3p. Life sciences 25 33010282
2024 CD36 deletion prevents white matter injury by modulating microglia polarization through the Traf5-MAPK signal pathway. Journal of neuroinflammation 24 38840180
2016 Comparison of the peptide binding preferences of three closely related TRAF paralogs: TRAF2, TRAF3, and TRAF5. Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 23 26779844
2021 Downregulation of long noncoding RNA SNHG7 protects against inflammation and apoptosis in Parkinson's disease model by targeting the miR-425-5p/TRAF5/NF-κB axis. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 22 34369042
2013 Up-regulation and pre-activation of TRAF3 and TRAF5 in inflammatory bowel disease. International journal of medical sciences 22 23329887
2020 TRAF5 protects against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via AKT signaling. European journal of pharmacology 18 32234528
2020 14-3-3ζ-TRAF5 axis governs interleukin-17A signaling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 18 32968020
2020 LncRNA CDKN2B-AS1 contributes to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through miR-335-3p/TRAF5 axis. Anti-cancer drugs 18 32976214
2020 Down-regulated HDAC3 elevates microRNA-495-3p to restrain epithelial-mesenchymal transition and oncogenicity of melanoma cells via reducing TRAF5. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 17 33048450
2023 PCSK9 inhibitor attenuates atherosclerosis by regulating SNHG16/EZH2/TRAF5-mediated VSMC proliferation, migration, and foam cell formation. Cell biology international 16 37017413
2001 Activation of TRAF5 and TRAF6 signal cascades negatively regulates the latent replication origin of Epstein-Barr virus through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Journal of virology 15 11333886
1998 Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the human homolog of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5). Gene 15 9511754
2019 miR-141-3p and TRAF5 Network Contributes to the Progression of T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cell transplantation 14 31722554
1997 Human TNF receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5): cDNA cloning, expression and assignment of the TRAF5 gene to chromosome 1q32. Genomics 13 9177772
2021 Silenced lncRNA DDX11-AS1 or up-regulated microRNA-34a-3p inhibits malignant phenotypes of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via suppression of TRAF5. Cancer cell international 12 33752668
2019 Overexpression of miRNA-410-3p protects hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury via targeting TRAF5. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 11 31696495
2021 Association of methylation level and transcript level in TRAF5 gene with ankylosing spondylitis: a case-control study. Genes and immunity 10 34021268
2021 HP1BP3 promotes tumor growth and metastasis by upregulating miR-23a to target TRAF5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. American journal of cancer research 10 34249436
2021 Genetic Deficiency of TRAF5 Promotes Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Aggravates Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 10 34348490
2017 Berberine prevents the apoptosis of mouse podocytes induced by TRAF5 overexpression by suppressing NF-κB activation. International journal of molecular medicine 10 29115406
2023 TRAF5 regulates intestinal mucosal Th1/Th17 cell immune responses via Runx1 in colitis mice. Immunology 9 37575027
2019 Effects of antisense lncRNA PCBP1-AS1 on biological behaviors of vulvar squamous carcinoma cells by regulating TRAF5 and NF-κB expression. Translational cancer research 9 35116901
2021 Grouper TRAF5 exerts negative regulation on antiviral immune response against iridovirus. Fish & shellfish immunology 7 34062236
2018 TRAF2 and TRAF5 associated with the signal transducing receptor gp130 limit IL-6-driven transphosphorylation of JAK1 through the inhibition of proximal JAK-JAK interaction. International immunology 7 29668931
2023 Silencing of TRAF5 enhances necroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting LTBR-mediated NF-κB signaling. PeerJ 6 37366426
2022 TRAF5 splicing variants associate with TRAF3 and RIP1 in NF-κB and type I IFN signaling in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea. Fish & shellfish immunology 6 36152803
2020 The fiber metabolite butyrate reduces gp130 by targeting TRAF5 in colorectal cancer cells. Cancer cell international 6 32518521
2020 TRAF5 promotes the occurrence and development of colon cancer via the activation of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathways. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents 6 32911926
2023 METTL3-mediated m6 A methylation of TRAF5 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell metastasis via activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences 5 38088510
2021 Single nucleotide polymorphisms of TRAF2 and TRAF5 gene in ankylosing spondylitis: a case-control study. Clinical and experimental medicine 5 33997937
2015 Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptor (RLR)-mediated antiviral innate immune responses in the lower respiratory tract: Roles of TRAF3 and TRAF5. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 5 26454171
2025 Exploring the Anti-Colorectal Cancer Mechanism of Norcantharidin Through TRAF5/NF-κB Pathway Regulation and Folate-Targeted Liposomal Delivery. International journal of molecular sciences 4 40003916
2020 Structural and biochemical characterization of TRAF5 from Notothenia coriiceps and its implications in fish immune cell signaling. Fish & shellfish immunology 4 32283248
2024 Interleukin 17A promotes glycolysis to activate human hepatic stellate cells by mediating the TRAF2/TRAF5/HuR/PFKFB3 axis. Central-European journal of immunology 3 39944257
2023 Identification of necroptosis-related gene TRAF5 as potential target of diagnosing atherosclerosis and assessing its stability. BMC medical genomics 3 37330462
2020 TRAF5 Deficiency Ameliorates the Severity of Dextran Sulfate Sodium Colitis by Decreasing TRAF2 Expression in Nonhematopoietic Cells. ImmunoHorizons 3 32156688
2019 TRAF5 promotes plasmacytoid dendritic cell development from bone marrow progenitors. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 3 31668809
2025 Lithocholic acid attenuates DON-induced inflammatory responses via epigenetic regulation of DUSP5 and TRAF5 in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. Frontiers in veterinary science 2 40093618
2025 PGC1α alleviates M1 macrophage polarization through dual regulation of succinate metabolism and TRAF5 expression to mitigate TLR4/NF-κB-driven inflammatory cascades and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] 1 41196309
2025 MicroRNA-18b-5p Inhibits the Malignant Progression of Prostate Cancer Through Downregulating TRAF5. International journal of general medicine 0 40191236
2025 Defective IgG Class Switching in the Spleen of TRAF5-Deficient Mice Reveals a Role for TRAF5 in CD40-Mediated B Cell Responses During Obesity-Associated Inflammation. International journal of molecular sciences 0 41096757
2025 Rare TRAF5 coding variants in systemic lupus erythematosus patients aggravate pulmonary hypertension via endothelial dysfunction. Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) 0 41658503

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