Affinage

TNFSF14

Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14 · UniProt O43557

Length
240 aa
Mass
26.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 17 papers cited in narrative 16 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

TNFSF14 (LIGHT) is a TNF superfamily cytokine that functions as a pleiotropic mediator of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and immune cell recruitment by signaling through two receptors—HVEM and LTβR—whose differential engagement dictates context-dependent outcomes in immunity, metabolism, and fibrosis. LIGHT activates NF-κB (canonical and non-canonical pathways), Akt/JNK, PI3Kγ/SGK1, and STAT3/Smad3 signaling depending on the receptor and cell type, driving endothelial activation, osteoclastogenesis, macrophage polarization, fibroblast proliferation, and dendritic cell maturation (PMID:17938804, PMID:25460501, PMID:37580750, PMID:27835685, PMID:25512551). HVEM additionally binds the inhibitory receptor BTLA, making it a molecular switch between costimulatory and coinhibitory signaling on T cells (PMID:18613837). In vivo, LIGHT deficiency protects against diet-induced metabolic inflammation and hepatic steatosis and prevents osteolytic bone metastasis, while forced LIGHT expression in tumors promotes CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and anti-tumor immunity (PMID:31388695, PMID:31826304, PMID:20460520).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 2007 High

    Establishing that platelet-expressed LIGHT directly activates endothelial cells revealed a vascular inflammatory mechanism: LIGHT engages LTβR on endothelium to induce NF-κB-dependent upregulation of ICAM-1, tissue factor, and IL-8, and mediates platelet-endothelial adhesion.

    Evidence FACS receptor expression, platelet adhesion assays with antibody blockade, NF-κB activation assays on human endothelial cells

    PMID:17938804

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether platelet-derived LIGHT contributes to thrombosis in vivo was not tested
    • Relative contribution of HVEM vs. LTβR on endothelium not fully resolved
  2. 2008 High

    Defining the dual-receptor system—HVEM and LTβR—and the BTLA-HVEM inhibitory axis established HVEM as a bidirectional molecular switch, resolving how the same receptor mediates opposing immune outcomes depending on the ligand.

    Evidence Receptor binding studies, genetic and pharmacological manipulation across multiple experimental systems

    PMID:18613837 PMID:19760072

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for competitive binding of LIGHT vs. BTLA to HVEM not resolved
    • In vivo quantitative balance between stimulatory and inhibitory arms not established
  3. 2010 Medium

    Demonstrating that forced LIGHT expression in tumors recruits CD8⁺ T cells and expands polyclonal anti-tumor immunity established LIGHT as a driver of adaptive immune infiltration into the tumor microenvironment.

    Evidence Adenoviral LIGHT expression in tumors, cytokine profiling, flow cytometry of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, secondary tumor rechallenge

    PMID:20460520

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of HVEM vs. LTβR on tumor stroma not dissected
    • Not confirmed with endogenous LIGHT expression levels
  4. 2011 High

    Identifying HVEM as the required receptor for LIGHT-driven adipose tissue inflammation—macrophage chemotaxis and proinflammatory cytokine release—connected LIGHT to metabolic inflammation.

    Evidence Chemotaxis and cytokine assays with HVEM neutralizing antibody and HVEM knockout cells

    PMID:21236258

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream signaling pathway in adipocytes not defined
    • In vivo contribution to obesity-associated inflammation not tested at this stage
  5. 2014 High

    Three studies collectively defined LIGHT's roles in mucosal immunity, NK cell biology, and bone remodeling: LIGHT via LTβR protects against intestinal inflammation; NK cells upregulate LIGHT to mature dendritic cells; and LIGHT drives osteoclastogenesis through Akt/NF-κB/JNK pathways both with and independently of RANKL.

    Evidence Tnfsf14⁻/⁻ mice in DSS colitis, NK cell activation profiling with TNFSF14 blockade, in vitro osteoclastogenesis with signaling pathway western blots

    PMID:24560868 PMID:25460501 PMID:25512551

    Open questions at the time
    • How LIGHT-LTβR signaling in the colon mechanistically restrains innate inflammation at the molecular level is unclear
    • Whether LIGHT-driven osteoclastogenesis uses HVEM or LTβR was not fully resolved
  6. 2016 Medium

    Showing that LIGHT signals through LTβR on mesenchymal stem cells to activate STAT3/Smad3 and induce PDGF/TGFβ production expanded the known cell types responsive to LIGHT and implicated it in tissue repair and fibrogenic circuits.

    Evidence LTβR expression confirmation, proliferation/cell cycle assays, cyclin/CDK immunoblotting, STAT3/Smad3 phosphorylation analysis in primary human BM-MSCs

    PMID:27835685

    Open questions at the time
    • Single-lab study; independent replication needed
    • In vivo relevance of LIGHT-MSC axis not demonstrated
  7. 2018 High

    Two discoveries clarified receptor-selective downstream pathways: LIGHT induces HIF-2α transcription via non-canonical NF-κB (p52) in cancer cells, and LIGHT signals selectively through LTβR (not HVEM) in lung fibroblasts to promote proliferation and inflammatory/remodeling gene programs.

    Evidence ChIP showing p52 binding to HIF-2α promoter; siRNA/antibody receptor blockade discriminating LTβR from HVEM in primary human lung fibroblasts

    PMID:29616048 PMID:30096845

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether non-canonical NF-κB/HIF-2α axis operates through LTβR or HVEM in cancer cells not specified
    • Contribution of LIGHT-LTβR fibroblast axis to human lung fibrosis in vivo not established
  8. 2019 High

    Genetic deletion of LIGHT in mice improved metabolic parameters—glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, hepatic steatosis, and adipose inflammation—establishing LIGHT as a systemic mediator of diet-induced metabolic disease through both HVEM and LTβR upregulated in liver.

    Evidence Tnfsf14⁻/⁻ mice on high-fat high-cholesterol diet, glucose/insulin tolerance tests, NAFLD scoring, adipose macrophage flow cytometry, hepatic gene expression

    PMID:31388695

    Open questions at the time
    • Cell-type-specific contributions of LIGHT (immune vs. parenchymal) not dissected
    • Whether HVEM or LTβR is the dominant hepatic receptor in vivo not resolved
  9. 2020 High

    Demonstrating that Tnfsf14⁻/⁻ mice are completely protected from tumor-induced osteolysis confirmed LIGHT as essential for osteoclast-mediated bone destruction in cancer, operating via RANKL induction.

    Evidence Tnfsf14⁻/⁻ mouse intratibial tumor model, histomorphometry, anti-LIGHT and RANK-Fc blockade in human PBMC osteoclastogenesis

    PMID:31826304

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct receptor (HVEM vs. LTβR) mediating bone metastasis phenotype not identified
    • Applicability beyond lung cancer bone metastasis not tested
  10. 2023 High

    Two studies defined new effector mechanisms: LIGHT drives cardiac fibrosis and atrial fibrillation susceptibility by polarizing macrophages to M2 via PI3Kγ/SGK1 and inducing TGFβ1-dependent myofibroblast transition; and LIGHT co-expressed in CAR-T cells enhances anti-tumor efficacy by promoting chemokine-driven T cell infiltration and intratumoral lymphoid structure formation.

    Evidence rLIGHT injection in mice with PI3Kγ/SGK1 inhibitors, RNA-seq, BMDM polarization; LIGHT-CAR-T cells in NSG and syngeneic tumor models with immunohistochemistry

    PMID:37408308 PMID:37580750

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PI3Kγ/SGK1 pathway is HVEM- or LTβR-dependent in macrophages not determined
    • Long-term safety of LIGHT-expressing CAR-T cells not assessed
  11. 2024 Medium

    Identifying TNFSF14 at inflamed joints during gout flare and demonstrating that TNFSF14 SNPs modulate myeloid cytokine production established genetic variation in TNFSF14 as a determinant of inflammatory disease severity.

    Evidence Olink proteomics of synovial fluid, TNFSF14 blockade in ex vivo crystal-stimulated assays, SNP-function analysis

    PMID:38373842

    Open questions at the time
    • Which TNFSF14 receptor mediates crystal-driven inflammation not identified
    • Functional mechanism linking specific SNPs to altered TNFSF14 expression or activity not resolved

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include: the structural basis for competitive LIGHT/BTLA binding to HVEM, the cell-type-specific receptor selection rules (HVEM vs. LTβR) in vivo, and how LIGHT integrates canonical versus non-canonical NF-κB signaling across different tissue contexts.
  • No crystal structure of the ternary LIGHT-HVEM-BTLA complex
  • No systematic in vivo cell-type-specific receptor ablation studies
  • Integration of multiple downstream pathways (NF-κB, PI3Kγ/SGK1, STAT3, Akt/JNK) into a unified signaling model lacking

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0048018 receptor ligand activity 5
Localization
GO:0005576 extracellular region 3 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 7 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 6 R-HSA-1500931 Cell-Cell communication 2 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2
Partners
BTLALTBRTNFRSF14TNFRSF6B

Evidence

Reading pass · 16 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2008 LIGHT (TNFSF14) activates two cell surface receptors, the Herpesvirus Entry Mediator (HVEM) and the Lymphotoxin-beta Receptor (LTβR), and is inhibited by soluble decoy receptor-3 (DcR3). HVEM also binds BTLA (an Ig superfamily member), making HVEM a molecular switch between stimulatory (LIGHT-HVEM) and inhibitory (BTLA-HVEM) signaling. Receptor binding studies, genetic and pharmacological manipulation in experimental models Immunological reviews High 18613837 19760072
2014 TNFSF14/LIGHT protein expression on NK cells is induced by three primary mechanisms: engagement of CD16, synergistic activity of multiple NK-cell activation receptors recognizing target cells, and cytokines IL-2/IL-15. Tumor- and cytokine-activated NK cells induce dendritic cell maturation in a TNFSF14-dependent manner. Gene expression profiling, protein expression assays, antibody blockade of TNFSF14 to confirm DC maturation dependence Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 25512551
2014 LIGHT (TNFSF14) signals through the lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) in the colon to regulate the innate immune response and mediate recovery from intestinal inflammation. Tnfsf14-/- mice develop more severe colitis, with increased innate immune cell accumulation and higher cytokine levels. Tnfsf14-/- knockout mice, DSS colitis model, CD4+ T cell transfer colitis, histology, cytokine/chemokine measurement, flow cytometry Gastroenterology High 24560868
2007 Platelet-associated LIGHT (TNFSF14) mediates adhesion of platelets to human vascular endothelium under static and dynamic flow conditions. Soluble LIGHT stimulates endothelial cells to upregulate ICAM-1, tissue factor, and IL-8 via NFκB activation. LIGHT receptors TR2 (DcR3) and LTβR are expressed on native human endothelial cells. FACS analysis of receptor expression, platelet adhesion assay with antibody blockade, NFκB activation assay, ICAM-1/TF/IL-8 transcriptional and translational measurement Thrombosis and haemostasis High 17938804
2014 LIGHT (TNFSF14) induces osteoclastogenesis in RANKL-dependent and RANKL-independent manners, and the synergistic effect with sub-optimal RANKL occurs through phosphorylation of Akt, NFκB, and JNK pathways. LIGHT also inhibits osteoblastogenesis partly through sclerostin expressed by monocytes. In vitro osteoclastogenesis assay from healthy donor and MM patient bone marrow cultures, western blotting for Akt/NFκB/JNK phosphorylation, CFU-F/CFU-OB colony assays, osteoblastic marker expression Oncotarget High 25460501
2011 Soluble LIGHT (TNFSF14) enhances adipose tissue inflammatory responses through its interaction with HVEM. LIGHT displays chemotactic activity for macrophages and T cells and enhances inflammatory cytokine release from macrophages, adipocytes, and SVF cells. LIGHT-induced responses are blunted by anti-HVEM neutralizing antibody or HVEM knockout. LIGHT gene expression analysis in macrophages/adipocytes, chemotaxis assay, cytokine ELISA, HVEM neutralizing antibody, HVEM knockout cells FEBS letters High 21236258
2018 TNFSF14/LIGHT, as a non-canonical NF-κB stimulus, induces HIF-2α (but not HIF-1α) at the transcriptional level in cancer cells via a mechanism dependent on the p52 NF-κB subunit, which binds directly to the HIF-2α promoter. Non-canonical NF-κB pathway stimulation, transcriptional reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation (p52 binding to HIF-2α promoter), gene knockdown Cells High 30096845
2018 TNFSF14/LIGHT promotes inflammatory and remodeling activity in human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) via LTβR but not HVEM. LIGHT promotes HLF cell cycle progression and proliferation, upregulates ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-6, GM-CSF, CCL5, CCL20, CXCL5, CXCL11, CXCL12, MMP-9, ADAM8, IL-33, and TSLP, with overlapping and synergistic activities with IL-13. Receptor expression confirmation on primary HLFs, siRNA/antibody-based receptor blockade (LTβR vs. HVEM), proliferation assays, gene/protein expression analysis, cytokine ELISA Frontiers in immunology High 29616048
2016 LIGHT (TNFSF14) interacts with LTβR constitutively expressed on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), inducing their survival and proliferation by increasing cyclins B1, D1, D3, E, CDK1, and CDK2 while decreasing p27. LIGHT also induces PDGF and TGFβ production via STAT3 and Smad3 activation. LTβR surface expression confirmation, cell viability/proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, cyclin/CDK western blot, ELISA for PDGF/TGFβ, immunoblotting for STAT3/Smad3 PloS one Medium 27835685
2019 TNFSF14 is identified as a direct target of miR-326. MiR-326 dampens pulmonary inflammation by targeting TNFSF14 (and autophagy via PTBP1), and lncRNA HOTAIR facilitates inflammation by sponging miR-326, thereby releasing TNFSF14. Luciferase reporter assay for miR-326 targeting of TNFSF14 3'UTR, western blot, in vivo mouse silicosis model with miR-326 intervention, lncRNA sponging assay Chemical research in toxicology Medium 31642316
2010 Forced expression of LIGHT (TNFSF14) in tumors increases IFNγ and chemoattractant cytokines (IL-1a, MIG, MIP-2) in the tumor microenvironment, increases tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, and expands functional T cells recognizing multiple tumor antigens including HPV16 E7. Adenoviral LIGHT expression in tumors, cytokine measurement, flow cytometry of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, T cell functional assays, secondary tumor challenge Cancer research Medium 20460520
2019 Genetic inactivation of LIGHT (Tnfsf14-/-) in high-fat high-cholesterol diet-fed mice improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, reduces hepatic steatosis and inflammation, decreases adipose tissue pro-inflammatory macrophages, and reduces proinflammatory cytokine secretion. HVEM and LTβR are markedly upregulated in livers of diet-fed mice, and LIGHT deficiency reduces expression of Zbtb16, Klf6, and Tlr4 in liver. Tnfsf14-/- knockout mice, glucose/insulin tolerance tests, NAFLD activity scoring, flow cytometry of adipose tissue macrophages, cytokine ELISA, hepatic gene expression analysis Diabetologia High 31388695
2020 LIGHT (TNFSF14) promotes osteolytic bone metastases in non-small cell lung cancer. Tnfsf14-/- mice show no bone loss after intratibial LLC-1 tumor implantation, while wild-type mice show increased osteoclast number and reduced osteoblasts. LIGHT stimulates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL, and anti-LIGHT or RANK-Fc inhibit osteoclastogenesis in PBMC cultures from bone metastatic patients. Tnfsf14-/- mouse model, intratibial tumor implantation, histomorphometry, PBMC osteoclastogenesis assay with anti-LIGHT/RANK-Fc blockade, serum RANKL/LIGHT measurement Journal of bone and mineral research High 31826304
2023 LIGHT (TNFSF14) promotes cardiac fibrosis and atrial fibrillation vulnerability by promoting macrophage M2 polarization and TGF-β1 secretion via the PI3Kγ/SGK1 pathway, which in turn stimulates collagen synthesis and myofibroblast transition in cardiac fibroblasts. PI3Kγ and SGK1 inhibitors block this effect. rLIGHT injection in mice, MASSON staining, atrial burst pacing, RNA sequencing of heart, BMDM polarization assay, PI3Kγ/SGK1 inhibitor treatment, western blotting, cardiac fibroblast conditioned medium experiments Journal of translational medicine High 37580750
2023 LIGHT (TNFSF14) co-expressed in CAR-T cells enhances cytotoxicity and cytokine production, increases CCL19 and CCL21 expression in surrounding cells via paracrine signaling, and promotes T cell migration. LIGHT CAR-T cells showed superior anti-tumor efficacy and improved tumor infiltration in NSG mice, and murine LIGHT-OT-1 T cells normalized tumor blood vessels and enforced intratumoral lymphoid structures in syngeneic mouse models. LIGHT-expressing CAR-T cell construction, cytotoxicity assays, cytokine measurement, T cell migration assay, NSG and C57BL/6 syngeneic mouse tumor models, immunohistochemistry Molecular therapy Medium 37408308
2024 TNFSF14 is produced at the inflamed joint during gout flare and enhances the inflammatory response induced by LPS and MSU crystals. TNFSF14 blockade reduces this inflammatory response. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of TNFSF14 affect the ability of myeloid cells to produce inflammatory cytokines. Olink targeted proteomics, ex vivo and in vitro experiments with TNFSF14 stimulation and blockade, SNP analysis of TNFSF14 effect on cytokine production Annals of the rheumatic diseases Medium 38373842

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2009 Sensing and responding to excess light. Annual review of plant biology 642 19575582
2005 Mutations induced by ultraviolet light. Mutation research 536 15748635
2001 Pyrosequencing sheds light on DNA sequencing. Genome research 447 11156611
2012 Shining a light on xeroderma pigmentosum. The Journal of investigative dermatology 398 22217736
2008 Old acetogens, new light. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 338 18378590
2009 Green light drives leaf photosynthesis more efficiently than red light in strong white light: revisiting the enigmatic question of why leaves are green. Plant & cell physiology 265 19246458
1999 Light- and focus-dependent expression of the transcription factor ZENK in the chick retina. Nature neuroscience 199 10412059
2014 Photochemistry of flavoprotein light sensors. Nature chemical biology 185 25229449
1995 Using GFP to see the light. Trends in genetics : TIG 185 8585130
2017 A light- and calcium-gated transcription factor for imaging and manipulating activated neurons. Nature biotechnology 183 28650461
2018 Blue-Light Receptors for Optogenetics. Chemical reviews 182 29984995
2013 Ultraviolet light and ocular diseases. International ophthalmology 178 23722672
2006 Actions of ultraviolet light on cellular structures. EXS 173 16383017
2009 Light, including ultraviolet. Journal of autoimmunity 157 20018479
2000 Plant blue-light receptors. Trends in plant science 135 10908878
1998 Light history and age-related changes in retinal light damage. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 126 9620069
2017 Shining a light on enzyme promiscuity. Current opinion in structural biology 120 29169066
2003 Synchronization of the molecular clockwork by light- and food-related cues in mammals. Biological chemistry 120 12817467
1999 Targeting expression with light using caged DNA. The Journal of biological chemistry 120 10409633
1997 New light on TRP and TRPL. Molecular pharmacology 113 9351965
2011 Plants under continuous light. Trends in plant science 110 21396878
2001 DNA repair: spot(light)s on chromatin. Current biology : CB 104 11301269
2001 Blue light adaptation and desensitization of light signal transduction in Neurospora crassa. Molecular microbiology 102 11251826
2003 Functional conservation of light, oxygen, or voltage domains in light sensing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 12719523
2008 Targeting lymphocyte activation through the lymphotoxin and LIGHT pathways. Immunological reviews 99 18613837
2006 Marine cyanophages and light. Environmental microbiology 86 17107549
2005 Green light for the cell cycle. The EMBO journal 86 15678103
2006 Plastid biogenesis, between light and shadows. Journal of experimental botany 83 17108152
2022 Rhodopsin, light-sensor of vision. Progress in retinal and eye research 78 36273969
2001 Phycomyces and the biology of light and color. FEMS microbiology reviews 74 11742688
2020 Conditionally Activatable Visible-Light Photocages. Journal of the American Chemical Society 73 32786783
2010 Regulation by light in Fusarium. Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B 73 20460165
2010 CXCR3 binding chemokine and TNFSF14 over expression in bladder urothelium of patients with ulcerative interstitial cystitis. The Journal of urology 71 20096889
1999 UV light and MSH receptors. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 66 10816644
2018 Light Chain Amyloidosis. Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases 65 29531659
2014 Correlative light- and electron microscopy with chemical tags. Journal of structural biology 65 24698954
2021 Perspectives on improving light distribution and light use efficiency in crop canopies. Plant physiology 63 33631812
2009 Cellular communication through light. PloS one 63 19340303
2014 Licensed human natural killer cells aid dendritic cell maturation via TNFSF14/LIGHT. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 62 25512551
1999 Light and death: photons and apoptosis. The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings 62 10537002
2015 Biogenesis of light harvesting proteins. Biochimica et biophysica acta 60 25687893
2012 Phototropism: translating light into directional growth. American journal of botany 60 23152332
2005 Light activated recombination. Journal of the American Chemical Society 57 16173704
2023 LIGHT/TNFSF14 promotes CAR-T cell trafficking and cytotoxicity through reversing immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy 56 37408308
2021 Shining a Light on Colibactin Biology. Toxins 56 34065799
2021 Engineering AraC to make it responsive to light instead of arabinose. Nature chemical biology 55 33903769
2014 The tumor necrosis factor family member TNFSF14 (LIGHT) is required for resolution of intestinal inflammation in mice. Gastroenterology 55 24560868
2000 Light and immunomodulation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 55 11268371
2019 Plant Glutathione Transferases and Light. Frontiers in plant science 54 30687349
2019 MiR-326 Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes Autophagy in Silica-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis through Targeting TNFSF14 and PTBP1. Chemical research in toxicology 52 31642316
2005 Zebrafish circadian clocks: cells that see light. Biochemical Society transactions 52 16246021
2018 TNFSF14 (LIGHT) Exhibits Inflammatory Activities in Lung Fibroblasts Complementary to IL-13 and TGF-β. Frontiers in immunology 50 29616048
2010 Light relief: photochemistry and medicine. Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology 50 21082123
2002 Light during darkness, melatonin suppression and cancer progression. Neuro endocrinology letters 50 12163849
1993 White mutants in mice shedding light on humans. The Journal of investigative dermatology 50 8433006
2017 Seeing the light with BLUF proteins. Biophysical reviews 49 28510088
2014 LIGHT/TNFSF14 increases osteoclastogenesis and decreases osteoblastogenesis in multiple myeloma-bone disease. Oncotarget 49 25460501
2008 Integration of light and plastid signals. Current opinion in plant biology 49 18948058
2006 Phototropin and light-signaling in phototropism. Current opinion in plant biology 48 16870491
2009 Targeting the LIGHT-HVEM pathway. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 45 19760072
1998 Ultrasonic tagging of light: theory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 45 9826644
2015 Update on stereology for light microscopy. Cell and tissue research 44 25743692
2003 Light, phytochrome signalling and photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology 44 12859146
2013 Identifying transudates misclassified by Light's criteria. Current opinion in pulmonary medicine 43 23508114
2020 Blue Light Protection, Part I-Effects of blue light on the skin. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 42 33247615
2014 Bringing bioelectricity to light. Annual review of biophysics 42 24773017
2018 Concepts in Light Microscopy of Viruses. Viruses 41 29670029
2010 Expression of LIGHT/TNFSF14 combined with vaccination against human papillomavirus Type 16 E7 induces significant tumor regression. Cancer research 39 20460520
2008 Switching the light on plant riboswitches. Trends in plant science 38 18778966
2007 Platelet-associated LIGHT (TNFSF14) mediates adhesion of platelets to human vascular endothelium. Thrombosis and haemostasis 37 17938804
2003 PNA and LNA throw light on DNA. Trends in biotechnology 36 12480343
2018 Photophobia: When Light Hurts, a Review. Current neurology and neuroscience reports 35 30058044
2011 LIGHT/TNFSF14 enhances adipose tissue inflammatory responses through its interaction with HVEM. FEBS letters 35 21236258
2011 Chromatin remodelling in plant light signalling. Physiologia plantarum 35 21457270
2009 A switchable light-input, light-output system modelled and constructed in yeast. Journal of biological engineering 35 19761615
1995 Pupillary light reflex. Current opinion in ophthalmology 35 10160414
2020 LIGHT/TNFSF14 Promotes Osteolytic Bone Metastases in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 34 31826304
2020 Genetics in Light of Transcriptional Adaptation. Trends in genetics : TIG 34 32928563
2018 Ultraviolet light and melanoma. The Journal of pathology 34 29380860
2016 A Light Switch Based on Protein S-Nitrosylation Fine-Tunes Photosynthetic Light Harvesting in Chlamydomonas. Plant physiology 32 27208221
2004 Light- and clock-dependent regulation of ribosomal S6 kinase activity in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The European journal of neuroscience 32 15009138
2019 Genetic inactivation of the LIGHT (TNFSF14) cytokine in mice restores glucose homeostasis and diminishes hepatic steatosis. Diabetologia 30 31388695
2015 The effect of red light and far-red light conditions on secondary metabolism in agarwood. BMC plant biology 29 26067652
2023 TNFSF14/LIGHT promotes cardiac fibrosis and atrial fibrillation vulnerability via PI3Kγ/SGK1 pathway-dependent M2 macrophage polarisation. Journal of translational medicine 28 37580750
2000 Phytochromes as light-modulated protein kinases. Seminars in cell & developmental biology 28 11145876
2013 Shedding LIGHT (TNFSF14) on the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer liver metastases. Journal of translational medicine 27 23514280
2019 Controlling protein conformation with light. Current opinion in structural biology 25 30849716
2018 Under a New Light: Regulation of Light-Dependent Pathways by Non-coding RNAs. Frontiers in plant science 25 30140270
2016 Molecular mechanism of phototropin light signaling. Journal of plant research 25 26815763
2020 Controlling PROTACs with Light. ChemMedChem 24 32558301
2015 Light-Triggered RNA Annealing by an RNA Chaperone. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) 24 25959666
2008 Calibrating excitation light fluxes for quantitative light microscopy in cell biology. Nature protocols 23 18974739
1981 Ultraviolet light and epidermal polyamines. The Journal of investigative dermatology 22 7252249
2024 Systemic inflammatory cytokine profiles in patients with gout during flare, intercritical and treat-to-target phases: TNFSF14 as new biomarker. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 21 38373842
2021 Light and Skin. Current problems in dermatology 21 34698038
2018 TNFSF14/LIGHT, a Non-Canonical NF-κB Stimulus, Induces the HIF Pathway. Cells 21 30096845
1999 Bleaching of bacteriorhodopsin by continuous light. FEBS letters 21 10350076
2016 LIGHT (TNFSF14) Increases the Survival and Proliferation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. PloS one 20 27835685
2013 Can osteoarthritis be treated with light? Arthritis research & therapy 20 24286607
2011 HP1c casts light on dark matter. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 20 21301224