Affinage

TAP2

Antigen peptide transporter 2 · UniProt Q03519

Length
686 aa
Mass
75.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 19 papers cited in narrative 19 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

TAP2 is an ABC transporter half-subunit that heterodimerizes with TAP1 in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane to form the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), which translocates cytosolic peptides into the ER lumen for loading onto MHC class I molecules, a process essential for cell-surface MHC class I expression and antigen presentation to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (PMID:8393798, PMID:7809108). Both TAP1 and TAP2 contribute to the peptide-binding site, but TAP2 primarily governs C-terminal peptide selectivity through its N-terminal transmembrane region and a critical residue at position 374, and its nucleotide-binding site (NBS2, containing consensus catalytic residues Glu632 and His661) serves as the principal ATP hydrolysis engine driving translocation (PMID:8765016, PMID:17068338, PMID:11099504). TAP2 is intrinsically unstable when expressed alone and requires assembly with pre-existing TAP1 via its core transmembrane domain; the TAP2 N-terminal domain is additionally essential for recruitment of tapasin and accessory chaperones into a functional peptide-loading complex, and tapasin in turn stabilizes TAP2 through a defined transmembrane motif (PMID:16624807, PMID:16210614, PMID:17244610). TAP2 transcription is induced by IFN-γ and by EBV LMP-1 via IRF-7 binding to an ISRE in the TAP2 promoter, and natural polymorphisms in TAP2 modulate peptide repertoire, influencing thymic selection and immune recognition (PMID:11119603, PMID:24586191).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 1993 High

    Establishing that TAP2 is required for MHC class I antigen presentation answered the fundamental question of whether this ABC transporter gene is functionally necessary for peptide supply to MHC class I molecules.

    Evidence Transfection of murine Tap-2 into TAP2-defective RMA-S cells restored CTL-mediated antigen presentation and surface MHC class I expression

    PMID:8393798

    Open questions at the time
    • Biochemical mechanism of peptide transport not yet defined
    • Relative contributions of TAP1 vs TAP2 unknown
  2. 1994 High

    Photoaffinity labeling demonstrated that both TAP1 and TAP2 subunits directly contact transported peptides, establishing that the peptide-binding site spans the heterodimer rather than residing on a single subunit.

    Evidence Photoaffinity labeling with peptide analogues in transfectant cell lines; co-immunoprecipitation of MHC class I with individual TAP subunits

    PMID:7809108

    Open questions at the time
    • Which subunit determines peptide selectivity was unresolved
    • Stoichiometry and topology of the binding site unknown
  3. 1996 High

    Demonstrating that TAP2 governs C-terminal peptide selectivity — with a single residue (374) critical for specificity — resolved which subunit controls the immunologically important selection of peptide cargo.

    Evidence Interspecies TAP hybrids and site-directed mutagenesis of human TAP2 expressed in insect cells; peptide transport assays with 20 C-terminal variants

    PMID:8765016

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of residue 374 selectivity unknown
    • In vivo impact on peptide repertoire not tested
  4. 2000 High

    Walker A mutations revealed asymmetric roles for the two NBDs: TAP2's NBS2 is indispensable for translocation while TAP1's NBS1 contributes to nucleotide binding, establishing the functional asymmetry typical of heterodimeric ABC transporters.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis of Walker A lysine in TAP1 (K544M) and TAP2 (K509M); nucleotide binding, peptide binding, and translocation assays in insect cells

    PMID:11099504

    Open questions at the time
    • Catalytic residues at each NBS not yet identified
    • Mechanism coupling ATP hydrolysis to peptide translocation unknown
  5. 2001 High

    Discovery that EBV LMP-1 upregulates TAP2 via IRF-7 binding to a promoter ISRE established the first virus-mediated transcriptional activation pathway for TAP2, linking viral immune modulation to antigen processing.

    Evidence Reporter assays, EMSA, ChIP, and complementation in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines with inducible LMP-1/IRF-7

    PMID:11119603

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether this pathway operates in non-EBV contexts unknown
    • Relationship to IFN-γ-mediated TAP2 induction not clarified
  6. 2002 High

    Mapping the tapasin interaction to the transmembrane domains (not NBDs) of both TAP1 and TAP2, and showing tapasin stabilizes the TAP complex at physiological temperature, established tapasin as a structural chaperone of the heterodimer.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of tapasin with TAP domain truncations in insect cells; thermostability and peptide binding assays

    PMID:12213826

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific tapasin-contacting residues on TAP2 TMD not identified
    • Mechanism of thermostabilization unclear
  7. 2005 High

    Truncation of the TAP2 N-terminal domain (but not TAP1's) disrupted peptide-loading complex assembly and chaperone recruitment, identifying the TAP2 N-domain as uniquely critical for PLC integrity.

    Evidence N-terminal truncations of TAP1 and TAP2 expressed in cell lines; co-immunoprecipitation of PLC components; MHC class I surface expression assays

    PMID:16174096 PMID:16210614

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for N-domain–tapasin interaction unknown
    • Whether N-domain directly contacts MHC class I not tested
  8. 2006 High

    Mutagenesis of consensus catalytic residues (Glu632, His661) at NBS2 confirmed TAP2's NBS2 as the primary hydrolytic engine, while TAP1's degenerate NBS1 plays a minor catalytic role — completing the functional asymmetry model of the TAP heterodimer.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis of Walker B and switch residues at NBS1 and NBS2; peptide translocation and MHC class I surface expression assays

    PMID:17068338

    Open questions at the time
    • No structural data for the catalytic cycle
    • How ATP hydrolysis at NBS2 couples to conformational change in the TMDs remains unknown
  9. 2006 High

    Pulse-chase and domain-mapping experiments showed TAP2 is intrinsically unstable and must assemble with pre-existing TAP1 via its core TMD, establishing the ordered biogenesis pathway of the TAP complex.

    Evidence In vitro expression with pulse-chase; TAP2 domain truncation; stability and transport assays

    PMID:16624807

    Open questions at the time
    • Degradation pathway of unassembled TAP2 not characterized
    • Whether ER quality-control factors participate is unknown
  10. 2007 High

    Identification of a specific TMD motif (conserved Lys and neighboring residues) plus an ER-luminal Glu in tapasin required for TAP2 stabilization provided the first residue-level map of the tapasin–TAP2 stabilization interface.

    Evidence Systematic mutagenesis of tapasin TMD and connecting peptide in tapasin-deficient cells; TAP2 protein levels and MHC class I surface expression

    PMID:17244610

    Open questions at the time
    • Reciprocal residues on TAP2 TMD not mapped
    • No high-resolution structural data for the interface
  11. 2014 Medium

    Genetic epistasis between Tap2 alleles and MHC class I haplotype in congenic rats demonstrated that TAP2 polymorphisms shape the peptide ligandome in vivo, with consequences for thymic negative selection and CD4:CD8 lineage commitment.

    Evidence MHC-recombinant congenic rat strains; QTL mapping in outbred rats; thymocyte flow cytometry

    PMID:24586191

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific peptides differentially transported by Tap2 alleles not identified
    • Mechanistic link to lineage commitment not defined at molecular level

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • No high-resolution structure of the human TAP1–TAP2 heterodimer has been determined, and the conformational coupling between NBS2 ATP hydrolysis and peptide translocation through the TMD channel remains structurally undefined.
  • No cryo-EM or crystallographic structure of human TAP heterodimer available in the timeline
  • Mechanism of conformational coupling between NBS2 hydrolysis and TMD gating unknown
  • Role of TAP2 in ER-associated degradation quality control pathway not characterized

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005215 transporter activity 5 GO:0140657 ATP-dependent activity 3
Localization
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 4
Pathway
R-HSA-168256 Immune System 5 R-HSA-382551 Transport of small molecules 3
Partners
CALRHLA-AHLA-BIRF7TAP1TAPBP
Complex memberships
MHC class I peptide-loading complex (PLC)TAP complex (TAP1–TAP2 heterodimer)

Evidence

Reading pass · 19 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1994 TAP1 and TAP2 both contribute to the peptide-recognition site; photoaffinity labeling showed both subunits are photolabeled by peptide analogues, and efficient peptide-binding site formation requires coexpression of both subunits. MHC class I/β2m dimers associate with TAP1 but not detectably with individual TAP2 chains, indicating the MHC class I interaction site resides on TAP1. Photoaffinity labeling of TAP subunits with photopeptide analogues; co-immunoprecipitation of MHC class I with individual TAP subunits in transfectant cell lines Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 7809108
1996 Transport specificity of the TAP complex for peptide C-terminal residues is primarily determined by the TAP2 subunit; a single point mutation in human TAP2 (374A→D) drastically alters peptide transport specificity, and the N-terminal region (residues 1–361) of TAP2 critically controls selective transport of peptides with C-terminal positively charged residues. Interspecies TAP hybrid construction and site-directed mutagenesis of hTAP2 expressed in Sf9 insect cells and TAP-deficient T2 cells; peptide transport assays with 20 C-terminal peptide variants European journal of immunology High 8765016
2000 Walker A lysine mutations in TAP2 (K509M) and TAP1 (K544M) selectively impair peptide translocation but not peptide binding. TAP2 K509M does not significantly impair nucleotide binding, whereas TAP1 K544M substantially reduces nucleotide binding, indicating distinct roles for the two NBDs; TAP1(K544M)·TAP2 retains low-level translocation but TAP1·TAP2(K509M) loses all translocation, suggesting both intact NBDs are required for efficient peptide transport. Site-directed mutagenesis of Walker A lysine in TAP1 and TAP2 NBDs; nucleotide binding assays, fluorescence quenching peptide binding assays, and peptide translocation assays in insect cells The Journal of biological chemistry High 11099504
2002 Tapasin binds to the membrane-spanning domains of both TAP1 and TAP2 (not the isolated NBDs), and tapasin enhances structural stability of TAP1·TAP2 complexes at near-physiological temperatures; tapasin is not required for high-affinity peptide binding to TAP and slightly reduces peptide affinity. Co-immunoprecipitation of tapasin with TAP truncation constructs (membrane-spanning domain only vs. NBD only) in insect cells; thermostability assays of peptide-binding site with and without tapasin; peptide binding affinity measurements The Journal of biological chemistry High 12213826
2002 Individual TAP2 polypeptide (but not TAP1) can form homodimers in whole cells and detergent lysates, as shown by chemical cross-linking; individual TAP1 and TAP2 subunits each associate with HLA class I molecules and form peptide-loading complexes, with their NBDs retaining ATP-binding capacity. Chemical cross-linking of individual TAP subunits; immunoprecipitation of HLA class I with individually expressed rat TAP1 or TAP2 in T2 cells; vaccinia virus recombinants for multiple HLA alleles Immunology Medium 12047747
2005 The N-terminal domain (N domain) of TAP2 (but not TAP1) is critical for functional integrity of the MHC class I peptide-loading complex; TAP variants lacking the N domain of TAP2 build PLCs that fail to generate stable MHC I-peptide complexes and show substantially reduced recruitment of accessory chaperones. Expression of N-terminally truncated TAP1 and TAP2 variants (individually, in combination with wild-type chains, or as fusion proteins) in cell lines; co-immunoprecipitation of PLC components; MHC class I surface expression assays Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) High 16210614
2005 N-terminal domains of TAP1 and TAP2 (cleaved at residues 131 and 88, respectively) are important for tapasin binding and tapasin-mediated increase in MHC class I peptide loading; truncated TAP variants retain peptide binding and nucleotide binding but show reduced tapasin binding and consequently reduced tapasin-dependent enhancement of HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*4402 processing. Expression and purification of human TAP1/TAP2 complexes from insect cells; proteolytic mapping; peptide translocation assays in vitro; insect cell-based MHC class I loading reconstitution assay; tapasin binding assays Immunology and cell biology High 16174096
2006 Catalytic activity at the TAP2 nucleotide-binding site (NBS2) is the main driver of peptide translocation; mutations at TAP2 Glu632 and His661 (consensus Walker B and switch region residues at NBS2) significantly reduce peptide translocation and MHC class I surface expression, while analogous non-consensus residues Asp668 and Gln701 at the TAP1 site (NBS1) have only minor effects, consistent with NBS1 being the attenuated site. Site-directed mutagenesis of catalytic site residues in TAP1 and TAP2 NBDs; peptide translocation assays; MHC class I surface expression assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 17068338
2006 Biogenesis of functional TAP requires assembly of pre-existing TAP1 with newly synthesized TAP2 (not vice versa); TAP2 is highly unstable when expressed alone and requires heterodimerization with TAP1 for stability; the core transmembrane domain (core TMD) of TAP2 is necessary and sufficient for functional complex formation with pre-existing TAP1. In vitro expression system with pulse-chase and assembly assays; domain truncation mapping of TAP2 TMD; stability and functional transport assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 16624807
2007 The transmembrane domain (TMD) and adjacent ER-luminal connecting peptide (CP) of tapasin stabilize the TAP2 subunit; a spatially arranged motif in the tapasin TMD (including a conserved Lys plus four neighboring residues in the predicted α-helical arrangement) and a conserved Glu in the CP are each required for TAP2 stabilization, and loss of TAP2 stabilization impairs MHC class I surface expression. Detailed mutational analysis of tapasin TMD and CP; transfection of tapasin-deficient cells; TAP2 expression level assays; MHC class I surface expression assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 17244610
1997 MHC class I molecules interact with both TAP1 and TAP2 subunits; in TAP-deficient T2 cells, transfected rat TAP2 alone associates with endogenous HLA-A2 and HLA-B51 as well as with calreticulin and tapasin, forming a peptide-loading complex. Immunoprecipitation of MHC class I with individually transfected TAP2 polypeptide in TAP-deficient T2 cells; vaccinia virus-encoded HLA alleles European journal of immunology Medium 9368636
2001 EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) induces TAP2 expression via IRF-7 as a secondary mediator; LMP-1 stimulates IRF-7 expression and facilitates its phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and activated IRF-7 then binds the ISRE in the TAP2 promoter to activate transcription. Reporter gene assays with TAP2 promoter constructs; gel mobility shift assays (EMSA) with ISRE; formaldehyde cross-linking ChIP; nuclear translocation assays; knockdown/complementation in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines with and without LMP-1-inducible IRF-7 Journal of virology High 11119603
1993 TAP2 (Ham-2/HAM2 in mouse) encodes an ATP-binding transporter protein required for efficient MHC class I antigen presentation; transfection of the Tap-2 gene into the TAP2-defective RMA-S cell line restores antigen presentation to CTLs and cell surface MHC class I expression. Gene transfection of murine Tap-2 into RMA-S cells; CTL killing assays; antigen presentation kinetic studies with Sendai virus European journal of immunology High 8393798
1994 TAP2-deficient RMA-S cells fail to express stable surface QA-1b (and class Ia) MHC class I molecules; transfection with Tap-2 rescues QA-1b surface expression, demonstrating that TAP-2-dependent peptide delivery is required for stable surface expression of these class Ib molecules. TAP2 gene transfection of RMA-S cells; CTL recognition assays; temperature-shift experiments Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) Medium 8189046
1995 Mouse thymus-leukemia antigen (TL), a class Ib MHC molecule, is expressed efficiently at the cell surface in the absence of functional TAP2, indicating that TL does not require TAP2-dependent peptides for export and stable surface expression, though TL heavy chains expressed without TAP2 show altered conformation (increased proteolytic susceptibility). Expression of TL in TAP2-deficient RMA-S cells; immunoprecipitation; SDS-PAGE; temperature-shift stability assays European journal of immunology Medium 7737270
2003 Cysteine-less human TAP1 and TAP2 subunits (with all 19 cysteines replaced by de novo gene synthesis) are functional for ATP-dependent peptide transport and are inhibited normally by ICP47 (HSV-1 immune evasion protein), demonstrating that no cysteine residue in TAP2 is essential for its core transport function. De novo gene synthesis of cysteine-less TAP subunits; expression in TAP-deficient human fibroblasts; ATP-dependent peptide transport assays; ICP47 inhibition assays; MHC class I surface expression FEBS letters Medium 12505156
2007 TAP2 coding SNPs allele-dependently control alternative splicing into two isoforms (NM_000544 and NM_018833) with known differential peptide selectivities; the G(Ala) allele at codon 665 is enriched >2-fold in isoform NM_000544, while isoform NM_018833 derives almost exclusively from the A(Thr) allele, providing a functional mechanism by which TAP2 polymorphisms modulate peptide selectivity. Allele-specific isoform quantification by RT-PCR from heterozygous lymphoblastoid cell lines; transmission disequilibrium test in type 1 diabetes families Diabetes Medium 17192492
2014 Natural polymorphisms in rat Tap2 influence the MHC class I peptide ligandome and thereby affect negative selection and CD4:CD8 lineage commitment; a recombination between RT1-A and Tap2 alleles in MHC-recombinant congenic rats revealed that Tap2 variants altering the peptide repertoire presented by MHC class I lead to reduced negative selection of CD8 single-positive thymocytes. Generation of MHC-recombinant congenic rat strains; QTL mapping in outbred Heterogeneous Stock rats; flow cytometry of thymocyte populations; genetic interaction analysis between Tap2 and RT1-A intervals PLoS genetics Medium 24586191
2016 A T/C SNP (rs2071473) in a progesterone-responsive cis-regulatory element controls endometrial TAP2 expression by switching the element's activity from a repressor (T allele) to an enhancer (C allele); TAP2 is expressed by decidual stromal cells at the maternal-fetal interface, and this regulatory variant is associated with fecundability. Reporter gene assays demonstrating allele-specific enhancer/repressor activity; GTEx eQTL replication; cell-type expression analysis in decidual stromal cells; evolutionary analysis of balancing selection signatures American journal of human genetics Medium 27745831

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1993 Alleles and haplotypes of the MHC-encoded ABC transporters TAP1 and TAP2. Immunogenetics 227 8428770
2000 High resolution analysis of haplotype diversity and meiotic crossover in the human TAP2 recombination hotspot. Human molecular genetics 169 10749979
1994 Characteristics of peptide and major histocompatibility complex class I/beta 2-microglobulin binding to the transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 152 7809108
1998 HLA class I antigen and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2) down-regulation in high-grade primary breast carcinoma lesions. Cancer research 144 9485029
2003 Total loss of MHC class I in colorectal tumors can be explained by two molecular pathways: beta2-microglobulin inactivation in MSI-positive tumors and LMP7/TAP2 downregulation in MSI-negative tumors. Tissue antigens 127 12694570
1993 Linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles; no primary association between TAP2 variants and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. European journal of immunology 102 8477801
1993 TAP1 and TAP2 polymorphism in coeliac disease. Immunogenetics 77 8344720
2005 LMP7/TAP2 gene polymorphisms and HPV infection in esophageal carcinoma patients from a high incidence area in China. Carcinogenesis 72 15774487
1996 A point mutation in the human transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP2) alters the peptide transport specificity. European journal of immunology 70 8765016
1997 Association of a new allele of the TAP2 gene, TAP2*Bky2 (Val577), with susceptibility to Sjögren's syndrome. Arthritis and rheumatism 65 9324024
2000 Walker A lysine mutations of TAP1 and TAP2 interfere with peptide translocation but not peptide binding. The Journal of biological chemistry 64 11099504
2001 Interferon regulatory factor 7 mediates activation of Tap-2 by Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1. Journal of virology 58 11119603
2005 Critical role for the tapasin-docking site of TAP2 in the functional integrity of the MHC class I-peptide-loading complex. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 54 16210614
2003 TAP1, TAP2, and HLA-DR2 alleles are predictors of cervical cancer risk. Gynecologic oncology 54 12648582
2002 Analysis of natural killer cells in TAP2-deficient patients: expression of functional triggering receptors and evidence for the existence of inhibitory receptor(s) that prevent lysis of normal autologous cells. Blood 53 11861289
1999 Analysis of MHC encoded antigen-processing genes TAP1 and TAP2 polymorphisms in sarcoidosis. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 52 10471632
2005 Identification of domain boundaries within the N-termini of TAP1 and TAP2 and their importance in tapasin binding and tapasin-mediated increase in peptide loading of MHC class I. Immunology and cell biology 51 16174096
2003 The mechanisms controlling NK cell autoreactivity in TAP2-deficient patients. Blood 51 14604968
1993 TAP2-defective RMA-S cells present Sendai virus antigen to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. European journal of immunology 48 8393798
1992 T cell recognition of QA-1b antigens on cells lacking a functional Tap-2 transporter. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 48 1460275
1993 Induction of a tomato anionic peroxidase gene (tap1) by wounding in transgenic tobacco and activation of tap1/GUS and tap2/GUS chimeric gene fusions in transgenic tobacco by wounding and pathogen attack. Plant molecular biology 47 7678769
2006 Analysis of IL1B, TAP1, TAP2 and IKBL polymorphisms on susceptibility to tuberculosis. Tissue antigens 46 16634865
1995 Association of HLA class I antigen deficiency related to a TAP2 gene mutation with familial bronchiectasis. The Journal of pediatrics 45 8523185
2002 Tapasin interacts with the membrane-spanning domains of both TAP subunits and enhances the structural stability of TAP1 x TAP2 Complexes. The Journal of biological chemistry 43 12213826
1995 Family study of linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 transporter and HLA class II genes. Absence of TAP2 contribution to association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Human immunology 42 8847232
1994 The distribution of Tap2 alleles among laboratory rat RT1 haplotypes. Immunogenetics 42 8206525
2009 Maturation pathways of dendritic cells determine TAP1 and TAP2 levels and cross-presenting function. Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997) 41 19609238
2005 Up-regulation of PSF2, a member of the GINS multiprotein complex, in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Oncology reports 41 16077978
1997 Polymorphisms of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in Graves' disease. Tissue antigens 41 9027960
1995 TAP2 gene polymorphism contributes to genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Human immunology 41 7759306
2004 The dominant MHC class I gene is adjacent to the polymorphic TAP2 gene in the duck, Anas platyrhynchos. Immunogenetics 40 15205935
2017 Downregulation of TAP1 and TAP2 in early stage breast cancer. PloS one 39 29091951
2016 Expression Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping Studies in Mid-secretory Phase Endometrial Cells Identifies HLA-F and TAP2 as Fecundability-Associated Genes. PLoS genetics 38 27447835
2002 Interactions formed by individually expressed TAP1 and TAP2 polypeptide subunits. Immunology 38 12047747
2018 The influence of TAP1 and TAP2 gene polymorphisms on TAP function and its inhibition by viral immune evasion proteins. Molecular immunology 37 29879547
1997 Polymorphisms of the TAP2 gene may influence antibody response to live measles vaccine virus. Vaccine 37 9041658
1999 Involvement of transporter associated with antigen processing 2 (TAP2) gene polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology 36 10220507
1995 TAP2 association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is secondary to HLA-DQB1. Human immunology 35 7558930
1994 Polymorphisms in the TAP2 gene and their association with rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical and experimental rheumatology 35 8162639
2007 Multiple residues in the transmembrane helix and connecting peptide of mouse tapasin stabilize the transporter associated with the antigen-processing TAP2 subunit. The Journal of biological chemistry 34 17244610
1994 Expression of secreted and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-bound Qa-2 molecules is dependent on functional TAP-2 peptide transporter. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 34 8189046
1998 Differential contribution of HLA-DR, DQ, and TAP2 alleles to systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility in Spanish patients: role of TAP2*01 alleles in Ro autoantibody production. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 33 9709177
2006 Biogenesis of functional antigenic peptide transporter TAP requires assembly of pre-existing TAP1 with newly synthesized TAP2. The Journal of biological chemistry 32 16624807
2004 Biological function of the soluble CEACAM1 protein and implications in TAP2-deficient patients. European journal of immunology 32 15259011
1997 Major histocompatibility complex class I molecules interact with both subunits of the transporter associated with antigen processing, TAP1 and TAP2. European journal of immunology 32 9368636
2004 Role of TAP-1 and/or TAP-2 antigen presentation defects in tumorigenicity of mouse melanoma. Cellular immunology 31 15219464
2013 Association of TAP1 and TAP2 gene polymorphisms with hematological malignancies. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 27 24175803
2006 A TAP2 genotype associated with Alzheimer's disease in APOE4 carriers. Neurobiology of aging 27 16595160
2006 Catalytic site modifications of TAP1 and TAP2 and their functional consequences. The Journal of biological chemistry 27 17068338
1996 Cell cycle-dependent expression of TAP1, TAP2, and HLA-B27 messenger RNAs in a human breast cancer cell line. Cancer research 27 8813124
1983 Brief clinical report: ring-11 chromosome: phenotype-karyotype correlation with deletions of 11q. American journal of medical genetics 27 6829609
2003 TAP1 and TAP2 polymorphisms analysis in northwestern Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 25 12634240
2000 A half-type ABC transporter TAPL is highly conserved between rodent and man, and the human gene is not responsive to interferon-gamma in contrast to TAP1 and TAP2. Journal of biochemistry 25 11011155
1994 Analysis of HLA-class-II-encoded antigen-processing genes TAP1 and TAP2 in primary biliary cirrhosis. The Quarterly journal of medicine 25 8208914
2007 Genetic control of alternative splicing in the TAP2 gene: possible implication in the genetics of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 24 17192492
2002 TAP1 and TAP2 gene polymorphism in rheumatoid arthritis in a population in eastern France. European journal of immunogenetics : official journal of the British Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics 24 12047361
1995 Reevaluation of the relative risk for susceptibility to celiac disease of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPB1, and -TAP2 alleles in a French population. Human immunology 24 7558936
1995 Tap-1 and Tap-2 gene therapy selectively restores conformationally dependent HLA Class I expression in type I diabetic cells. Human gene therapy 24 7578413
2002 Differential regulation of the expression of transporters associated with antigen processing, TAP1 and TAP2, by cytokines and lipopolysaccharide in primary human macrophages. Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] 23 12234057
1999 Identification and genetic mapping of Xenopus TAP2 genes. Immunogenetics 23 9914331
1997 Analysis of allelic variation of the TAP2 gene in sarcoidosis. Tissue antigens 23 9062964
1994 Association of TAP2 polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis is secondary to allelic association with HLA-DRB1. Arthritis and rheumatism 23 8147927
1994 Associations between alleles of the major histocompatibility complex-encoded ABC transporter gene TAP2, HLA class II alleles, and celiac disease susceptibility. Human immunology 23 8181966
2014 The ABC transporter, AbcB3, mediates cAMP export in D. discoideum development. Developmental biology 22 25448698
1994 TAP1 and TAP2 polymorphism in multiple sclerosis patients. Human immunology 22 7928442
2001 Molecular studies and NK cell function of a new case of TAP2 homozygous human deficiency. Clinical and experimental immunology 21 11529920
1994 Polymorphisms of the TAP2 transporter gene in systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 21 8311559
2016 Association of TAP1 and TAP2 Gene Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology 20 26996113
2015 Isolation and Comparative Genomic Analysis of T1-Like Shigella Bacteriophage pSf-2. Current microbiology 20 26612033
2001 Reduced expression of TAP-1 and TAP-2 in posterior uveal melanoma is associated with progression to metastatic disease. Melanoma research 20 11468516
1995 Surface expression of beta 2-microglobulin-associated thymus-leukemia antigen is independent of TAP2. European journal of immunology 20 7737270
1994 Enhanced expression of HLA-A,B,C and inducibility of TAP-1, TAP-2, and HLA-A,B,C by interferon-gamma in a multidrug-resistant small cell lung cancer line. Lymphokine and cytokine research 20 8061113
2007 Biosorption and bioaccumulation of lead by Penicillium sp. Psf-2 isolated from the deep sea sediment of the Pacific Ocean. Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions 19 17898924
2005 Functional aberrant expression of CCR2 receptor on chronically activated NK cells in patients with TAP-2 deficiency. Blood 18 16037391
2003 Functional cysteine-less subunits of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2) by de novo gene assembly. FEBS letters 18 12505156
2008 Significance of transporter associated with antigen processing 2 (TAP2) gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to dengue viral infection. Journal of clinical immunology 17 18071882
1995 Effects of MHC-encoded TAP1 and TAP2 gene polymorphism and matching on kidney graft rejection. Transplantation 17 7645042
2003 Association of TAP2 gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical rheumatology 16 14749980
1997 Polymorphisms of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in German patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. European journal of immunogenetics : official journal of the British Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics 16 9226129
1994 Analysis of TAP2 and HLA-DP gene polymorphism in psoriasis. Human immunology 16 8002377
2021 Structural determinants of peptide-dependent TAP1-TAP2 transit passage targeted by viral proteins and altered by cancer-associated mutations. Computational and structural biotechnology journal 15 34589184
2001 Genotyping TAP2 variants in North American Caucasians, Brazilians, and Africans. Genes and immunity 15 11294565
1995 HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus. Diabetologia 15 7589884
2015 Reduced Expression of the Antigen Processing Machinery Components TAP2, LMP2, and LMP7 in Tonsillar and Base of Tongue Cancer and Implications for Clinical Outcome. Translational oncology 14 25749172
2008 Psf2 plays important roles in normal eye development in Xenopus laevis. Molecular vision 14 18509549
2015 Association of TAP1 and TAP2 genes with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in Koreans. APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica 13 25846714
2007 The role of TAP1 and TAP2 gene polymorphism in idiopathic bronchiectasis in children. Pediatric pulmonology 13 17245734
2004 A screen for Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutants defective in rereplication identifies new alleles of rad4+, cut9+ and psf2+. Genetics 13 15466421
1997 Assessment of intracellular TAP-1 and TAP-2 in conjunction with surface MHC class I in plasma cells from patients with multiple myeloma. British journal of haematology 13 9266943
1997 TAP1 and TAP2 genes in nickel allergy. International archives of allergy and immunology 13 9303338
2020 TAP2, a peptide antagonist of Toll-like receptor 4, attenuates pain and cartilage degradation in a monoiodoacetate-induced arthritis rat model. Scientific reports 12 33060735
2016 An Ancient Fecundability-Associated Polymorphism Switches a Repressor into an Enhancer of Endometrial TAP2 Expression. American journal of human genetics 12 27745831
2014 Natural polymorphisms in Tap2 influence negative selection and CD4∶CD8 lineage commitment in the rat. PLoS genetics 12 24586191
1998 New TAP2 polymorphisms in Africans. Tissue antigens 12 9672156
1996 The human leukocyte antigen TAP2 gene defines the centromeric limit of melanoma susceptibility on chromosome 6p. Tissue antigens 12 8851724
1991 Molecular analysis of tap2, an anther-specific gene from Antirrhinum majus. FEBS letters 12 1672656
1998 Development and characterization of mouse anti-human LMP2, LMP7, TAP1 and TAP2 monoclonal antibodies. Tissue antigens 11 9510369
1996 Association of TAP1 and TAP2 with systemic sclerosis in Japanese. Clinical and experimental rheumatology 11 8913653
1995 TAP2 polymorphisms in Australian multiple sclerosis patients. Journal of neuroimmunology 11 7797612
1992 TAP1 and TAP2 transporter genes and predisposition to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Comptes rendus de l'Academie des sciences. Serie III, Sciences de la vie 11 1300236