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Showing TAS1R3 — T1R3 is a alias.

TAS1R3

Taste receptor type 1 member 3 · UniProt Q7RTX0

Length
852 aa
Mass
93.4 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 43 papers cited in narrative 43 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/8 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

TAS1R3 (T1R3) is a class C G protein-coupled receptor subunit that functions as the shared partner of the heteromeric sweet (T1R2/T1R3) and umami (T1R1/T1R3) taste receptors, and as the major genetic determinant of mouse sweet-taste sensitivity encoded by the Sac locus (PMID:11326277, PMID:12869700). Genetic ablation of T1R3 abolishes preference for artificial sweeteners and diminishes responses to sugars and umami compounds, while leaving residual T1R3-independent sweet/umami signaling intact (PMID:12869700). Within these heterodimers, T1R3 contributes distinct, spatially separable ligand-interaction surfaces: its cysteine-rich domain governs species-specific recognition of sweet proteins such as brazzein, monellin, and thaumatin (PMID:15299024); its transmembrane domain houses the cyclamate agonist pocket that overlaps the lactisole inhibitor site (PMID:16076846); and its N-terminal Venus flytrap domain is an autonomous, dimerizing module that independently binds sweet ligands with distinct affinity, thereby expanding the receptor's receptive range (PMID:16271873, PMID:16621970, PMID:22450161). T1R3 also serves directly as a gustatory calcium-magnesium receptor in both mouse and human (PMID:18593862, PMID:22773945). Beyond taste cells, extraoral T1R1/T1R3 and T1R3 homodimers act as nutrient and amino-acid sensors that couple, via Gq/Ca2+/ERK signaling, to the mTORC1 pathway: T1R1/T1R3 regulates amino-acid-stimulated mTORC1 activity, translation, and autophagy (PMID:22959271, PMID:26168033), drives milk protein synthesis in mammary epithelium (PMID:28497545, PMID:30268610), and underlies enteroendocrine sugar sensing and SGLT1 upregulation (PMID:17724332). T1R3-dependent signaling further mediates intestinal CCK secretion, colonic peristalsis, pancreatic insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis, gastric acid secretion, tuft cell homeostasis, osteoclast-driven bone resorption, and endothelial barrier integrity (PMID:23203156, PMID:25324508, PMID:24200979, PMID:26107521, PMID:29665689, PMID:31980480, PMID:29019082, PMID:28971978). Human T1R3 surface trafficking is obligately dependent on co-expression with T1R2, distinguishing it from mouse T1r3 (PMID:25029362). Its expression is transcriptionally controlled by C/EBPβ and the myogenic factors MyoD/Myogenin, and modulated by promoter polymorphisms (PMID:17928076, PMID:26545778, PMID:19559618).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 18 steps
  1. 2001 Medium

    Established the molecular identity of the sweet-taste determinant by mapping the Sac locus to a GPCR gene, transforming a classical genetic trait into a defined receptor.

    Evidence Positional cloning and cross-strain sequence analysis identifying a dimerization-relevant polymorphism

    PMID:11326277

    Open questions at the time
    • Dimerization interference was a structural prediction, not experimentally confirmed
    • Did not define ligand-binding mechanism or signaling partners
  2. 2003 High

    Demonstrated genetically that T1R3 is required for artificial sweetener detection and contributes to sugar/umami sensing, while revealing that parallel T1R3-independent pathways also exist.

    Evidence T1R3 knockout mice with behavioral preference tests and chorda tympani nerve recordings

    PMID:12869700

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify the residual T1R3-independent sweet/umami pathway
    • Did not resolve which dimer partner mediates which modality
  3. 2004 High

    Localized species-specific sweet-protein recognition to a discrete T1R3 domain, beginning the dissection of T1R3's modular ligand-binding architecture.

    Evidence Chimeric receptors and CRD site-directed mutagenesis in HEK cells

    PMID:15299024

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not establish whether CRD binds sweet proteins directly versus allosterically
    • No structural model of the protein-receptor interface
  4. 2005 High

    Assigned distinct ligand-binding roles to separate T1R3 domains, showing the transmembrane domain binds cyclamate (overlapping the lactisole site) and the N-terminal domain independently binds ligands to broaden the receptor's range.

    Evidence Alanine-scanning and chimera mutagenesis with molecular docking; N-terminal-domain binding assays plus mutagenesis

    PMID:16076846 PMID:16271873

    Open questions at the time
    • Precise allosteric coupling between TMD and signal output unresolved
    • Conformational changes inferred indirectly
  5. 2006 Medium

    Confirmed the T1R3 N-terminal domain is an autonomous, properly folded ligand-binding module by reconstituting it in isolation.

    Evidence E. coli expression, purification, circular dichroism, and ligand binding of mouse T1R3 NTD

    PMID:16621970

    Open questions at the time
    • Limited ligand panel tested
    • No coupling to downstream signaling demonstrated
  6. 2007 High

    Extended T1R3 function beyond the tongue, showing intestinal T1R3/gustducin sense luminal sugars and sweeteners to regulate SGLT1 expression and gut hormone secretion.

    Evidence T1R3 and alpha-gustducin knockout mice with SGLT1 readouts plus GLUTag enteroendocrine cell assays

    PMID:17724332

    Open questions at the time
    • Intermediate signaling between receptor and SGLT1 transcription not fully mapped
    • Did not define the dimer composition of the enteroendocrine sensor
  7. 2008 High

    Identified T1R3 as a gustatory calcium-magnesium receptor, expanding its ligand repertoire beyond sweet/umami compounds.

    Evidence Genome scan, congenic and knockout mice, nerve electrophysiology, and behavioral preference tests

    PMID:18593862

    Open questions at the time
    • Binding site for divalent cations on T1R3 not localized
    • Dimer requirement for calcium sensing unresolved
  8. 2009 Medium

    Resolved transcriptional and biophysical features of T1R3, mapping functional promoter SNPs/silencer elements and detecting direct agonist/antagonist binding to the native heterodimer.

    Evidence Luciferase reporter assays with human genetics; saturation transfer difference NMR on native membranes; species-selective inhibitor screening

    PMID:19559618 PMID:19664591 PMID:19817384

    Open questions at the time
    • NMR lacked in-paper mutagenesis to assign binding sites
    • Functional consequence of promoter SNPs in vivo not established
  9. 2010 High

    Refined the brazzein-receptor interaction model, implicating a T1R2 residue in subunit-subunit cooperativity rather than direct binding and arguing against a simple wedge model.

    Evidence Mutagenesis of both ligand and receptor subunits with HEK293 assays and human taste panel

    PMID:20302879

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of multi-point interaction not solved
    • Allosteric cooperativity mechanism inferred functionally
  10. 2011 Medium

    Demonstrated that natural human transmembrane-domain polymorphisms impair umami (MSG) responses and that T1R3+ taste cells co-express metabolic glucose-sensing machinery.

    Evidence Functional expression of polymorphic receptors with modeling; multi-method expression profiling and KATP electrophysiology in taste cells

    PMID:21383163 PMID:21422378

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether T1R3+ metabolic sensing is independent of T1R2/T1R3 not definitively shown
    • Polymorphism effects not validated in human psychophysics
  11. 2012 High

    Established T1R1/T1R3 as a cell-surface amino-acid sensor controlling mTORC1, autophagy, and translation, and defined extraoral roles in insulin secretion, CCK release, bladder contraction, calcium taste, and human T1R2-dependent trafficking.

    Evidence siRNA/shRNA knockdown with mTORC1, autophagy, ATP, insulin, and CCK readouts; HEK293 expression with human taste psychophysics; chimera/truncation trafficking analysis; in vitro NTD biophysics

    PMID:20220 PMID:22019168 PMID:22450161 PMID:22773945 PMID:22959271 PMID:23203156 PMID:24200979

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct amino-acid binding to T1R1/T1R3 versus indirect sensing not fully resolved
    • Mechanism linking receptor to mTORC1 relocalization undefined
  12. 2013 High

    Mapped two distinct molecular determinants of species-dependent umami ligand specificity within the T1R1 Venus flytrap domain, one orthosteric and one outside known binding sites.

    Evidence Human-mouse chimeras, site-directed mutagenesis, functional assays, and molecular modeling

    PMID:24214976

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of the non-orthosteric determinant unknown
    • Contribution of T1R3 residues to specificity not addressed
  13. 2014 High

    Defined umami ligand binding (L-theanine) at the T1R1 Venus flytrap site and extended T1R1/T1R3 signaling to colonic peristalsis and neutrophil chemotaxis/immunomodulation.

    Evidence Mutagenesis with functional and IMP-synergy assays; T1R1 knockout colon preparations with electrophysiology and CGRP assays; neutrophil signaling/chemotaxis assays

    PMID:24633359 PMID:25301019 PMID:25324508

    Open questions at the time
    • Neutrophil study lacked receptor knockdown control
    • Downstream coupling from receptor to peristaltic reflex incompletely mapped
  14. 2015 Medium

    Dissected the G-protein logic of extraoral T1R1/T1R3 signaling, showing Gq/Ca2+ drive ERK1/2 while mTORC1 activation is Gq- and Ca2+-independent, and defined transcriptional control by myogenic factors.

    Evidence Pharmacological G-protein dissection and phosphorylation assays in MIN6 cells; lactisole inhibition of glucose-sensing T1R3; promoter/transcription-factor reporter assays during myoblast differentiation

    PMID:25994004 PMID:26107521 PMID:26168033 PMID:26545778

    Open questions at the time
    • The G-protein-independent route to mTORC1 not identified
    • Tissue specificity of transcriptional regulators not established in vivo
  15. 2017 Medium

    Identified divergent G-protein outputs of homomeric T1R3 (Gαs-mediated, cAMP-independent control of adipogenesis via RhoA/microtubules) and extended T1R3 to milk protein synthesis and endothelial barrier protection.

    Evidence Dominant-negative Gαs/RhoA and GEF-H1 knockdown in 3T3-L1 cells; T1R1 knockout mammary gland; T1R3/G-protein siRNA in pulmonary endothelium with in vivo edema models

    PMID:28472098 PMID:28497545 PMID:28971978

    Open questions at the time
    • How a single receptor selects Gq versus Gαs outputs across tissues is unresolved
    • Adipogenesis mechanism shown in a single cell model
  16. 2018 Medium

    Characterized allosteric modulation within the transmembrane domain (PAM/NAM switching by methional) and broadened T1R3 physiology to gastric acid secretion, bone resorption, and retinal endothelial signaling.

    Evidence Interspecies chimeras, mutagenesis, and modeling defining TMD allosteric sites; siRNA/lactisole gastric proton assays; Tas1r3 mutant bone-marker and osteoclast analysis; T1R3 siRNA in retinal microvascular endothelium

    PMID:29019082 PMID:29665689 PMID:30087430 PMID:30353220

    Open questions at the time
    • PAM/NAM allosteric sites localized to T1R1, not T1R3
    • Osteoclast-intrinsic mechanism only partially defined
  17. 2020 Medium

    Linked extraoral T1R3 to intestinal epithelial barrier and immune homeostasis, placing it upstream of oxidative stress/tight-junction disruption and required for tuft cell maintenance and type 2 immunity.

    Evidence T1R3 siRNA/claudin-3 rescue in Caco-2 cells with ROS measurement; Tas1r3-deficient mice with tuft cell counts and parasite/succinate immune responses

    PMID:31980480 PMID:32580504

    Open questions at the time
    • Ligand driving tuft cell homeostatic signaling unidentified
    • Connection between barrier and tuft cell roles unclear
  18. 2024 Medium

    Provided a structural-binding model of steviol glycoside engagement across four sites of the T1R2/T1R3 heterodimer and proposed Gα C-terminus binding to the TMD shifting the receptor to a high-affinity state.

    Evidence Radioligand binding, computational docking to a homology model, and Gα protein binding assay

    PMID:39424933

    Open questions at the time
    • Gα interaction not validated by mutagenesis
    • No experimental high-resolution structure

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a single receptor subunit selects among Gq/Ca2+/ERK, Gαs/RhoA, and mTORC1 outputs across diverse extraoral tissues, and the experimental structures of its dimers in distinct ligand/effector states, remain unresolved.
  • No experimental high-resolution structure of T1R3-containing dimers
  • G-protein-independent route to mTORC1 unidentified
  • Tissue-specific determinants of output selection unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 4 GO:0140299 molecular sensor activity 4 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-9709957 Sensory Perception 3
Partners
GNAT3TAS1R1TAS1R2
Complex memberships
T1R1/T1R3 umami receptor heterodimerT1R2/T1R3 sweet receptor heterodimerT1R3 homodimer

Evidence

Reading pass · 43 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2001 TAS1R3 (T1R3) was identified as a G protein-coupled receptor encoded by the Sac locus, the major determinant of sweet taste sensitivity differences between mouse strains. Sequence comparison across taster and non-taster strains identified a polymorphism (Ile60Thr) predicted to introduce an extra N-terminal glycosylation site in non-tasters that would interfere with receptor dimerization. Positional cloning, sequence analysis, structural modeling Nature genetics Medium 11326277
2003 Mice lacking T1R3 showed no preference for artificial sweeteners and had diminished (but not abolished) behavioral and nerve responses to sugars and umami compounds, demonstrating T1R3 is required for artificial sweetener detection but that T1R3-independent sweet/umami pathways also exist. T1R3 knockout mice; behavioral preference tests; chorda tympani nerve recordings Science High 12869700
2003 T1R3 is essential for cellular recognition of the disaccharide trehalose, demonstrated using a heterologous expression system where T1R3 alone conferred responsiveness to trehalose. Heterologous expression assay in cell line In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal Medium 12892531
2004 The cysteine-rich region (CRD) of human T1R3 determines species-specific sensitivity to sweet proteins brazzein, monellin, and thaumatin. Site-directed mutagenesis within the CRD of T1R3 affected receptor activity toward these proteins and overall receptor efficacy, identifying the CRD as an important ligand-interaction domain. Chimeric receptor expression, site-directed mutagenesis, heterologous expression assay in HEK cells The Journal of biological chemistry High 15299024
2005 The transmembrane domain of human T1R3 is required for sweet receptor responsiveness to cyclamate. Alanine-scanning mutagenesis of the predicted transmembrane binding pocket identified six residues critical for cyclamate response; molecular modeling docked cyclamate within this pocket, and predicted overlap between cyclamate (agonist) and lactisole (inverse agonist) binding sites. Mixed-species chimeric receptors, directed mutagenesis, alanine scanning, molecular modeling, heterologous expression assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 16076846
2005 Each subunit (T1R2 and T1R3) of the heteromeric sweet receptor independently binds sweet stimuli with distinct affinities and conformational changes. A single amino acid change in T1R3 associated with decreased sweet sensitivity in mice drastically reduced ligand affinities for T1R3, demonstrating that T1R3 expands the receptive range of the sweet receptor. Ligand binding assays with expressed N-terminal domain proteins, site-directed mutagenesis Current biology High 16271873
2006 The ligand-binding N-terminal domain (NTD) of mouse T1R3 was expressed as fusion proteins in E. coli, purified, and shown to be properly folded and capable of binding ligands by spectroscopic analysis, establishing that the T1R3 NTD is a functional autonomous ligand-binding module. Heterologous protein expression (E. coli), column chromatography purification, circular dichroism spectroscopy, ligand binding assays Chemical senses Medium 16621970
2007 T1R3 and the taste G protein gustducin, expressed in intestinal enteroendocrine cells, underlie luminal sugar sensing and regulation of SGLT1 mRNA and protein expression. Knockout mice lacking T1R3 or alpha-gustducin failed to upregulate SGLT1 in response to dietary sugars or artificial sweeteners, and artificial sweeteners acting on enteroendocrine GLUTag cells stimulated gut hormone secretion implicated in SGLT1 upregulation. T1R3 and alpha-gustducin knockout mice; SGLT1 mRNA/protein measurement; GLUTag cell stimulation assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 17724332
2007 C/EBPbeta activates the human TAS1R3 promoter, as demonstrated by luciferase reporter assay and EMSA in bile duct carcinoma cells (HuCCT1). The proximal 226-bp upstream of ATG contains the core promoter activity. 5'-RACE, luciferase reporter assay, EMSA Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 17928076
2008 T1R3 functions as a gustatory calcium-magnesium receptor. Genome scan linked calcium/magnesium preference to the Tas1r3 locus; Tas1r3 knockout mice preferred calcium solutions avoided by wild-type mice; oral calcium elicited reduced chorda tympani nerve activity in Tas1r3 knockout mice. A V689A substitution unique to the PWK strain was associated with strong calcium/magnesium preference. Genome scan, congenic and knockout mice, chorda tympani nerve electrophysiology, two-bottle preference tests, sequence analysis Physiological genomics High 18593862
2009 Two promoter SNPs at -1572 (rs307355) and -1266 (rs35744813) upstream of TAS1R3 reduce promoter activity as shown by luciferase reporter assay; the T allele of each SNP results in lower activity. A distal silencing element in the TAS1R3 promoter was also characterized, demonstrating transcriptional regulation of TAS1R3 expression. Luciferase reporter assay, human genetic association, population survey Current biology Medium 19559618
2009 Direct binding of sweet agonists and antagonists to the full heterodimeric T1R2/T1R3 receptor in native membrane preparations was detected by saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR, allowing distinction between mutations affecting ligand-binding sites versus downstream signal transduction. Saturation transfer difference NMR spectroscopy on membrane preparations from HEK293 cells expressing sweet receptor Biochimica et biophysica acta Medium 19664591
2009 Phenoxyauxin herbicides and lipid-lowering fibrates inhibit human T1R3 but not rodent T1R3, identifying these compounds as species-selective T1R3 inhibitors. Heterologous expression assay comparing human vs. rodent T1R3 Journal of medicinal chemistry Medium 19817384
2010 Key amino acid residues in brazzein (sites 1–3) and in the T1R2 Venus flytrap module are required for brazzein activation of the T1R2/T1R3 sweet receptor. Mutagenesis of receptor residue hT1R2:R217A selectively reduced brazzein activity and increased cooperativity for multiple ligands binding both subunits, implicating this site in subunit-subunit interaction rather than direct brazzein binding. Results support a multi-point interaction between brazzein and the sweet receptor not fitting the wedge model. Site-directed mutagenesis of brazzein and receptor subunits; HEK293 cell expression assay; human taste panel Journal of molecular biology High 20302879
2011 T1R3 knockout mice lacking T1R3 or alpha-gustducin failed to upregulate intestinal SGLT1 in response to sugars. T1R3-expressing taste cells in the tongue were shown by RT-PCR, qPCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry to co-express GLUT4, SGLT1, and SUR1 (a KATP channel component), suggesting T1R3+ cells are equipped for metabolic glucose sensing independent of T1R2+T1R3. RT-PCR, quantitative PCR, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, electrophysiological recording of KATP currents Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 21383163
2011 Human TAS1R3 polymorphisms F749S and R757C in the transmembrane domain severely impair in vitro T1R1/T1R3 response to MSG, as demonstrated by functional expression. A molecular model of the ligand-binding region provides a mechanistic explanation consistent with the functional data. Functional expression of polymorphic receptors in heterologous cells, molecular modeling Chemical senses Medium 21422378
2012 T1R1/T1R3 functions as a direct cell-surface sensor of amino acid availability that regulates mTORC1 activity. Knockdown of T1R1/T1R3 reduces amino acid-stimulated mTORC1 signaling, alters mTORC1 localization, downregulates pathway inhibitors, upregulates amino acid transporters, blocks translation initiation, and induces autophagy in mammalian cells. siRNA knockdown; mTORC1 signaling assays (phosphorylation readouts); autophagy assays; subcellular localization imaging Molecular cell High 22959271
2012 T1R3 homodimer functions as a glucose-sensing receptor in pancreatic β-cells. Sucralose (T1R3 agonist) increased intracellular ATP even in the absence of glucose, augmented mitochondrial metabolism, and shRNA knockdown of T1R3 attenuated glucose-induced ATP elevation and insulin secretion. Luciferase-based ATP biosensor in MIN6 cells, shRNA knockdown of T1R3, pharmacological agonism with sucralose and 3-O-methylglucose Endocrine journal Medium 24200979
2012 T1R2 and T1R3 are expressed in human and rat bladder urothelium. Saccharin augmented bladder smooth muscle contraction induced by electrical field stimulation only when urothelium was present; zinc (a T1R3 inhibitor) blocked this effect, indicating T1R3-dependent urothelial signaling mediates sweetener-augmented bladder contraction. Immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, organ bath contractility assay with pharmacological inhibition The Journal of urology Medium 22019168
2012 Human T1R3 (hTAS1R3) expressed in HEK293 cells is activated by calcium, and this response is attenuated by lactisole (a T1R3 inhibitor). In trained human volunteers, lactisole reduced the perceived calcium intensity of calcium lactate, establishing T1R3 as a human calcium taste receptor. Heterologous expression (HEK293 transfection), pharmacological inhibition with lactisole, human psychophysical taste testing Scientific reports High 22773945
2012 Human T1R3 surface membrane trafficking requires co-expression with human T1R2; human T1R3 alone is not trafficked to the membrane. The Venus flytrap module and cysteine-rich domain of human T1R3 contain regions that inhibit its membrane trafficking and coordinate its regulation. This is distinct from mouse T1r3, which reaches the membrane without T1r2. Tagged receptor expression in HEK293 cells, domain-swap chimeras, truncation mutants, cell surface localization assay PloS one Medium 25029362
2012 The N-terminal domain (NTD) of human T1R3 was refolded from E. coli inclusion bodies, shown to behave as a dimer by size-exclusion chromatography, and demonstrated to bind sucralose with millimolar affinity by tryptophan fluorescence quenching and microcalorimetry. Recombinant protein expression in E. coli, refolding, size-exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism, tryptophan fluorescence quenching, isothermal titration calorimetry Protein expression and purification Medium 22450161
2012 T1R1-T1R3 expressed in intestinal enteroendocrine cells mediates CCK secretion in response to L-amino acids (Phe, Leu, Glu) but not Trp. siRNA knockdown of T1R1 in STC-1 cells reduced Phe-, Leu-, and Glu-stimulated CCK release; the T1R3 inhibitor gurmarin also blocked these responses, while the Ca2+-sensing receptor antagonist blocked only Trp-stimulated CCK secretion. siRNA knockdown of T1R1, pharmacological inhibition with gurmarin and NPS2143, CCK secretion assay in STC-1 cells and intestinal tissue explants American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology High 23203156
2013 T1R1/T1R3 exhibits species-dependent ligand specificity determined by 12 key residues in the Venus flytrap domain of T1R1. Residues critical for human-type acidic amino acid recognition are at the orthosteric binding site, while residues mediating mouse-type broad responses are outside both orthosteric and IMP allosteric sites, demonstrating two distinct determinants of ligand specificity. Chimeric human-mouse receptor analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, heterologous expression functional assays, molecular modeling The Journal of biological chemistry High 24214976
2014 L-theanine activates the T1R1+T1R3 umami receptor and shows synergy with IMP. Site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that L-theanine binds to the L-amino acid binding site in the Venus flytrap domain of T1R1. Heterologous expression functional assay, site-directed mutagenesis, IMP synergy assay Amino acids Medium 24633359
2014 T1R1/T1R3 activation by luminal MSG or L-cysteine initiates the peristaltic reflex (ascending contraction, descending relaxation) and CGRP release in rat colon flat-sheet preparations. IMP augmented these effects. In T1R1 knockout mice, mucosal stroking but not MSG elicited a peristaltic reflex. MSG also enhanced fecal pellet propulsion velocity in guinea pig distal colon. T1R1 knockout mice; three-chamber flat-sheet colon preparation; electrophysiology; CGRP release assay; video recording of pellet propulsion American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology High 25324508
2014 Mouse neutrophils express functional T1R1/T1R3: stimulation with L-alanine or L-serine (umami receptor ligands) elicited ERK/p38 MAPK phosphorylation and chemotactic migration, and reduced LPS-induced cytokine production (TNF-α) through inhibition of NF-κB and STAT3 phosphorylation. RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR, signaling assays (ERK/p38 phosphorylation), chemotaxis assay, cytokine measurement, NF-κB/STAT3 activity assay BMB reports Medium 25301019
2015 Lactisole inhibits the mouse glucose-sensing T1R3 receptor in MIN6 pancreatic β-cells. Lactisole attenuated sweetener-induced Ca2+ elevation and insulin secretion, and inhibited glucose-induced elevations of NADH, ATP, and insulin secretion. In HEK293 cells stably expressing mouse T1R3, lactisole attenuated sucralose-induced Ca2+ elevation but not cAMP elevation. Pharmacological inhibition assay in MIN6 cells, stably transfected HEK293-T1R3 cells, intracellular Ca2+/cAMP/NADH/ATP measurements, insulin secretion assay in mouse islets The Journal of endocrinology Medium 25994004
2015 Muscle regulatory factors MyoD and Myogenin bind the evolutionarily conserved T1R3 promoter and regulate T1R3 expression; T1R3 expression increases with C2C12 myoblast differentiation. A repressive element upstream of the human T1R3 promoter was also identified. Comparative genomics, luciferase reporter assay, identification of binding sites for MyoD/Myogenin, qPCR of T1R3 expression during differentiation Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 26545778
2015 Tas1r3 knockout mice showed reduced insulin sensitivity and impaired glucose tolerance following intraperitoneal or intragastric glucose administration, with impairment worsening with age after IP but not IG administration, indicating extraoral T1R3 (likely pancreatic/brain) has a role in glucose homeostasis independent of incretin effects (incretin responses were similar between KO and WT). Tas1r3 knockout mice; glucose and insulin tolerance tests; behavioral sucrose preference tests; incretin measurement PloS one Medium 26107521
2016 In C2C12 myotubes, methionine activates mTORC1 through the T1R1/T1R3-PLCβ-Ca2+-ERK1/2 signaling axis. T1R1 and T1R3 are expressed in these cells, and methionine was the most potent amino acid among those tested in activating this pathway. siRNA knockdown of T1R1/T1R3, intracellular Ca2+ measurement, ERK1/2 phosphorylation assay, mTORC1 activation assay, protein synthesis measurement International journal of molecular sciences Medium 27727170
2017 T1R3 is expressed in the pulmonary vasculature. Sucralose (T1R3 agonist) attenuated LPS- and thrombin-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction and bacteria-induced lung edema in vivo. Protective effects were blocked by T1R3 siRNA or G-protein siRNA. Sucralose reduced LPS-induced Src, PAK, MLC2, HSP27, and p110αPI3K phosphorylation/expression. T1R3 siRNA knockdown, endothelial barrier permeability assay, in vivo lung edema model, signaling assays (Src/PAK/MLC2/HSP27/PI3K) American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology Medium 28971978
2017 T1R1/T1R3 modulates the mTOR pathway in mouse mammary gland in vivo to regulate milk protein (β-casein) synthesis. T1R1 knockout reduced total milk yield and β-casein synthesis, decreased phosphorylation of 4EBP1 and S6K, and increased AA transporter (SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC1A5) expression. T1R1 knockout mice (mammary gland), weigh-suckle-weigh milk yield, qPCR, western blot of mTOR pathway Molecular nutrition & food research Medium 28497545
2017 T1R3 homomeric sweet receptor negatively regulates adipogenesis through a Gαs-mediated but cAMP-independent mechanism. Sucralose/saccharin-induced T1R3 activation caused microtubule disassembly (blocked by dominant-negative Gαs), activated RhoA/ROCK through GEF-H1, and dominant-negative RhoA blocked sweetener-induced Akt dephosphorylation and suppression of PPARγ/C/EBPα. Dominant-negative/constitutively-active Gαs overexpression, RhoA dominant-negative mutants, GEF-H1 knockdown, microtubule staining, Akt/PPARγ/C/EBPα signaling assays in 3T3-L1 cells PloS one Medium 28472098
2018 Methional, a flavor compound, acts as a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of human T1R1/T1R3 and a negative allosteric modulator (NAM) of mouse T1R1/T1R3. Interspecies chimeric receptor analysis demonstrated methional interacts with the transmembrane domain of T1R1 (not the extracellular domain). Site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling identified two distinct binding sites in the T1R1 transmembrane domain and showed that residues at the bottom of the allosteric pocket determine PAM vs. NAM switching. Interspecies chimeric receptors, site-directed mutagenesis, heterologous expression functional assay, molecular modeling Scientific reports High 30087430
2018 Cyclamate and acesulfame K modulate proton secretion in human gastric parietal cells (HGT-1) through T1R3. T1R3 siRNA knockdown and co-treatment with lactisole (T1R3 inhibitor) reduced the effect of both sweeteners and d-threonine on proton release, establishing T1R3 as a key mediator of gastric acid secretion responses to these compounds. TAS1R3 siRNA knockdown, pharmacological inhibition with lactisole, intracellular pH assay, RT-qPCR, immunocytochemistry Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Medium 29665689
2018 Val and Met activate mTOR signaling in bovine mammary epithelial cells through TAS1R1/TAS1R3, elevating intracellular calcium. TAS1R1 siRNA knockdown reduced Val- and Met-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation, decreased mTOR/S6K1/4EBP1 phosphorylation, and reduced β-casein (CSN2) mRNA abundance. siRNA knockdown of TAS1R1 in primary bovine mammary epithelial cells and Mac-T cells, intracellular Ca2+ measurement, western blot of mTOR pathway, qPCR Journal of dairy science Medium 30268610
2020 Artificial sweeteners sucralose and aspartame increased intestinal epithelial permeability and downregulated claudin-3 at the cell surface; T1R3 knockdown attenuated these effects. Aspartame induced ROS production to cause permeability and claudin-3 internalization; claudin-3 overexpression rescued sweetener-induced permeability, placing T1R3 upstream of oxidative stress and tight junction disruption. T1R3 siRNA knockdown in Caco-2 cells, epithelial permeability assay, claudin-3 surface localization, ROS measurement, claudin-3 overexpression rescue Nutrients Medium 32580504
2020 TAS1R3 is required for normal tuft cell homeostasis in the distal small intestine. Tas1r3-deficient mice had a severe decrease in distal small intestinal tuft cells at homeostasis, and both BALB/c mice (bearing inactive TAS1R3) and Tas1r3-deficient C57BL6/J mice had severely impaired type 2 immune responses to the protozoa Tritrichomonas muris and succinate in the ileum. Tas1r3 knockout mice, tuft cell counting, parasite infection model, immune response measurement ImmunoHorizons Medium 31980480
2018 T1R3 is expressed in primary osteoclasts (confirmed by expression correlation with differentiation status) and its loss in Tas1r3 mutant mice is associated with >60% reduction in the bone resorption marker collagen type I C-telopeptide, while bone formation marker PINP is unchanged, indicating TAS1R3 influences bone remodeling primarily through osteoclast function. Tas1r3 mutant mice, serum bone marker assays (PINP, CTX-I), primary osteoclast culture with qPCR Journal of physiology and biochemistry Medium 29019082
2024 Steviol glycosides bind to four distinct sites on the T1R2/T1R3 heterodimer: VFD2, VFD3, TMD2, and TMD3. The C20 carboxy terminus of the Gα protein binds the intracellular region of either TMD2 or TMD3, shifting the receptor to a high-affinity state for steviol glycosides. Lactisole (negative allosteric modulator) binding sites overlap with tested ligand sites. Radioligand binding experiments, computational docking to homology model, Gα protein binding assay Communications chemistry Medium 39424933
2015 Amino acids differentially regulate ERK1/2 and mTORC1 through T1R1/T1R3 in MIN6 pancreatic β-cells via distinct signaling pathways. Ca2+ entry is required for ERK1/2 but not mTORC1 activation; Gq (inhibited by UBO-QIC) is required for ERK1/2 but not mTORC1; pertussis toxin (Gi inhibitor) blocked neither pathway; amino acids did not affect cAMP, excluding Gs. Pharmacological inhibition of Gi (pertussis toxin), Gq (UBO-QIC), Gs (cAMP measurement), Ca2+ chelation; ERK1/2 and mTORC1 phosphorylation assays in MIN6 cells Molecular endocrinology Medium 26168033
2018 Activation of retinal microvascular endothelial T1R3 (but not T1R2) by sucralose attenuated VEGF-induced cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, tube formation, and Akt phosphorylation. T1R3 siRNA knockdown abolished these protective effects. T1R3 siRNA knockdown in RMVEC cells, proliferation/migration/adhesion/tube formation assays, Akt phosphorylation western blot Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology Medium 30353220

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2007 T1R3 and gustducin in gut sense sugars to regulate expression of Na+-glucose cotransporter 1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 675 17724332
2003 Detection of sweet and umami taste in the absence of taste receptor T1r3. Science (New York, N.Y.) 465 12869700
2001 Tas1r3, encoding a new candidate taste receptor, is allelic to the sweet responsiveness locus Sac. Nature genetics 385 11326277
2004 The cysteine-rich region of T1R3 determines responses to intensely sweet proteins. The Journal of biological chemistry 218 15299024
2005 Distinct contributions of T1R2 and T1R3 taste receptor subunits to the detection of sweet stimuli. Current biology : CB 200 16271873
2011 Glucose transporters and ATP-gated K+ (KATP) metabolic sensors are present in type 1 taste receptor 3 (T1r3)-expressing taste cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 167 21383163
2005 Identification of the cyclamate interaction site within the transmembrane domain of the human sweet taste receptor subunit T1R3. The Journal of biological chemistry 166 16076846
2012 The G protein-coupled taste receptor T1R1/T1R3 regulates mTORC1 and autophagy. Molecular cell 154 22959271
2009 Allelic polymorphism within the TAS1R3 promoter is associated with human taste sensitivity to sucrose. Current biology : CB 151 19559618
2004 Polymorphisms in the taste receptor gene (Tas1r3) region are associated with saccharin preference in 30 mouse strains. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 146 14749438
2012 Sensing of amino acids by the gut-expressed taste receptor T1R1-T1R3 stimulates CCK secretion. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 141 23203156
2018 Molecular docking and simulation of the synergistic effect between umami peptides, monosodium glutamate and taste receptor T1R1/T1R3. Food chemistry 134 30236733
2008 T1R3 taste receptor is critical for sucrose but not Polycose taste. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 114 19091911
2022 Characteristics of umami peptides identified from porcine bone soup and molecular docking to the taste receptor T1R1/T1R3. Food chemistry 113 35398684
2010 T1R3 is expressed in brush cells and ghrelin-producing cells of murine stomach. Cell and tissue research 111 20063013
2002 Why are sweet proteins sweet? Interaction of brazzein, monellin and thaumatin with the T1R2-T1R3 receptor. FEBS letters 108 12208493
2013 Two distinct determinants of ligand specificity in T1R1/T1R3 (the umami taste receptor). The Journal of biological chemistry 102 24214976
2021 In-silico investigation of umami peptides with receptor T1R1/T1R3 for the discovering potential targets: A combined modeling approach. Biomaterials 86 34998173
2009 T1R2 and T1R3 subunits are individually unnecessary for normal affective licking responses to Polycose: implications for saccharide taste receptors in mice. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 86 19158407
2022 Decoding of the Saltiness Enhancement Taste Peptides from the Yeast Extract and Molecular Docking to the Taste Receptor T1R1/T1R3. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 85 36325587
2010 Gut T1R3 sweet taste receptors do not mediate sucrose-conditioned flavor preferences in mice. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 80 20926763
2015 Sugar-induced cephalic-phase insulin release is mediated by a T1r2+T1r3-independent taste transduction pathway in mice. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 79 26157055
2008 Genetic tracing of the gustatory and trigeminal neural pathways originating from T1R3-expressing taste receptor cells and solitary chemoreceptor cells. Molecular and cellular neurosciences 79 18539481
2010 Key amino acid residues involved in multi-point binding interactions between brazzein, a sweet protein, and the T1R2-T1R3 human sweet receptor. Journal of molecular biology 77 20302879
2024 Taste properties and mechanism of umami peptides from fermented goose bones based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation using umami receptor T1R1/T1R3. Food chemistry 75 38301563
2023 Identification of Novel Umami Peptides in Chicken Breast Soup through a Sensory-Guided Approach and Molecular Docking to the T1R1/T1R3 Taste Receptor. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 75 37189274
2020 Artificial Sweeteners Disrupt Tight Junctions and Barrier Function in the Intestinal Epithelium through Activation of the Sweet Taste Receptor, T1R3. Nutrients 74 32580504
2020 The Taste Receptor TAS1R3 Regulates Small Intestinal Tuft Cell Homeostasis. ImmunoHorizons 70 31980480
2021 Novel umami peptides from tilapia lower jaw and molecular docking to the taste receptor T1R1/T1R3. Food chemistry 69 34111693
2004 Allelic variation of the Tas1r3 taste receptor gene selectively affects behavioral and neural taste responses to sweeteners in the F2 hybrids between C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J mice. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 67 14999080
2016 The structure features of umami hexapeptides for the T1R1/T1R3 receptor. Food chemistry 62 27979247
2014 Interaction between umami peptide and taste receptor T1R1/T1R3. Cell biochemistry and biophysics 62 25331670
2007 Allelic variation of the Tas1r3 taste receptor gene selectively affects taste responses to sweeteners: evidence from 129.B6-Tas1r3 congenic mice. Physiological genomics 62 17911381
2009 Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in human tas1r1, tas1r3, and mGluR1 and individual taste sensitivity to glutamate. The American journal of clinical nutrition 60 19571223
2017 Salivary leptin and TAS1R2/TAS1R3 polymorphisms are related to sweet taste sensitivity and carbohydrate intake from a buffet meal in healthy young adults. The British journal of nutrition 59 29110749
2011 Expression and distribution of the sweet taste receptor isoforms T1R2 and T1R3 in human and rat bladders. The Journal of urology 58 22019168
2012 T1R3: a human calcium taste receptor. Scientific reports 56 22773945
2022 Novel umami peptide from Hypsizygus marmoreus hydrolysate and molecular docking to the taste receptor T1R1/T1R3. Food chemistry 55 36099828
2012 Orosensory detection of sucrose, maltose, and glucose is severely impaired in mice lacking T1R2 or T1R3, but Polycose sensitivity remains relatively normal. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 55 22621968
2019 Understanding the molecular mechanism of umami recognition by T1R1-T1R3 using molecular dynamics simulations. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 54 31092329
2013 The taste of D- and L-amino acids: In vitro binding assays with cloned human bitter (TAS2Rs) and sweet (TAS1R2/TAS1R3) receptors. Food chemistry 54 24360415
2004 Expression of the sweet receptor protein, T1R3, in the human liver and pancreas. The Journal of veterinary medical science 53 15585941
2012 The role of T1r3 and Trpm5 in carbohydrate-induced obesity in mice. Physiology & behavior 51 22683548
2008 Involvement of T1R3 in calcium-magnesium taste. Physiological genomics 51 18593862
2005 Initial licking responses of mice to sweeteners: effects of tas1r3 polymorphisms. Chemical senses 51 16135742
2016 Methionine Regulates mTORC1 via the T1R1/T1R3-PLCβ-Ca2+-ERK1/2 Signal Transduction Process in C2C12 Cells. International journal of molecular sciences 45 27727170
2014 Activation of the umami taste receptor (T1R1/T1R3) initiates the peristaltic reflex and pellet propulsion in the distal colon. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 45 25324508
2018 Methionine and valine activate the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 pathway through heterodimeric amino acid taste receptor (TAS1R1/TAS1R3) and intracellular Ca2+ in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Journal of dairy science 44 30268610
2009 Interactions between the human sweet-sensing T1R2-T1R3 receptor and sweeteners detected by saturation transfer difference NMR spectroscopy. Biochimica et biophysica acta 44 19664591
2013 Glucose promotes its own metabolism by acting on the cell-surface glucose-sensing receptor T1R3. Endocrine journal 42 24200979
2013 Impact of T1r3 and Trpm5 on carbohydrate preference and acceptance in C57BL/6 mice. Chemical senses 41 23547138
2011 Human genetic polymorphisms in T1R1 and T1R3 taste receptor subunits affect their function. Chemical senses 41 21422378
2009 Contribution of the T1r3 taste receptor to the response properties of central gustatory neurons. Journal of neurophysiology 41 19279151
2015 Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Mice Lacking the Tas1r3 Taste Receptor Gene. PloS one 40 26107521
2014 L-Theanine elicits umami taste via the T1R1 + T1R3 umami taste receptor. Amino acids 39 24633359
2006 Genomic structure of swine taste receptor family 1 member 3, TAS1R3, and its expression in tissues. Cytogenetic and genome research 39 16974084
2019 Branched chain amino acids stimulate gut satiety hormone cholecystokinin secretion through activation of the umami taste receptor T1R1/T1R3 using an in vitro porcine jejunum model. Food & function 36 31098606
2018 Positive/Negative Allosteric Modulation Switching in an Umami Taste Receptor (T1R1/T1R3) by a Natural Flavor Compound, Methional. Scientific reports 34 30087430
2013 Sucrose-conditioned flavor preferences in sweet ageusic T1r3 and Calhm1 knockout mice. Physiology & behavior 33 24384370
2012 Recombinant expression, in vitro refolding, and biophysical characterization of the N-terminal domain of T1R3 taste receptor. Protein expression and purification 32 22450161
2010 T1r3 taste receptor involvement in gustatory neural responses to ethanol and oral ethanol preference. Physiological genomics 32 20145204
2014 Return of the glucoreceptor: Glucose activates the glucose-sensing receptor T1R3 and facilitates metabolism in pancreatic β-cells. Journal of diabetes investigation 31 25969708
2009 Phenoxy herbicides and fibrates potently inhibit the human chemosensory receptor subunit T1R3. Journal of medicinal chemistry 31 19817384
2024 From Molecular Dynamics to Taste Sensory Perception: A Comprehensive Study on the Interaction of Umami Peptides with the T1R1/T1R3-VFT Receptor. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 30 38488059
2019 T1R2+T1R3-independent chemosensory inputs contributing to behavioral discrimination of sugars in mice. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 30 30624973
2015 Lactisole inhibits the glucose-sensing receptor T1R3 expressed in mouse pancreatic β-cells. The Journal of endocrinology 30 25994004
2017 Activation of the sweet taste receptor, T1R3, by the artificial sweetener sucralose regulates the pulmonary endothelium. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 29 28971978
2017 Evaluation of the association between the TAS1R2 and TAS1R3 variants and food intake and nutritional status in children. Genetics and molecular biology 28 28497839
2015 Glucose-Sensing Receptor T1R3: A New Signaling Receptor Activated by Glucose in Pancreatic β-Cells. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 28 25947913
2008 Gurmarin sensitivity of sweet taste responses is associated with co-expression patterns of T1r2, T1r3, and gustducin. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 28 18174025
2006 Expression and purification of functional ligand-binding domains of T1R3 taste receptors. Chemical senses 28 16621970
2024 Screening and identification of novel umami peptides from yeast proteins: Insights into their mechanism of action on receptors T1R1/T1R3. Food chemistry 26 39265305
2012 Functional characterization of the heterodimeric sweet taste receptor T1R2 and T1R3 from a New World monkey species (squirrel monkey) and its response to sweet-tasting proteins. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 26 23000410
2023 Peptidomics Screening and Molecular Docking with Umami Receptors T1R1/T1R3 of Novel Umami Peptides from Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Hydrolysates. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 25 38131198
2014 Mouse neutrophils express functional umami taste receptor T1R1/T1R3. BMB reports 24 25301019
2010 The T1R2/T1R3 sweet receptor and TRPM5 ion channel taste targets with therapeutic potential. Progress in molecular biology and translational science 24 20691962
2018 Gli3 is a negative regulator of Tas1r3-expressing taste cells. PLoS genetics 23 29415007
2017 Milk protein synthesis is regulated by T1R1/T1R3, a G protein-coupled taste receptor, through the mTOR pathway in the mouse mammary gland. Molecular nutrition & food research 22 28497545
2015 Muscle regulatory factors regulate T1R3 taste receptor expression. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 22 26545778
2024 Exploring the Relationship between Small Peptides and the T1R1/T1R3 Umami Taste Receptor for Umami Peptide Prediction: A Combined Approach. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 21 38775286
2014 Distinct human and mouse membrane trafficking systems for sweet taste receptors T1r2 and T1r3. PloS one 21 25029362
2005 No relationship between sequence variation in protein coding regions of the Tas1r3 gene and saccharin preference in rats. Chemical senses 20 15741599
2020 Residual Glucose Taste in T1R3 Knockout but not TRPM5 Knockout Mice. Physiology & behavior 19 32417232
2018 Activation of the sweet taste receptor T1R3 by sucralose attenuates VEGF-induced vasculogenesis in a cell model of the retinal microvascular endothelium. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie 19 30353220
2014 The importance of the presence of a 5'-ribonucleotide and the contribution of the T1R1 + T1R3 heterodimer and an additional low-affinity receptor in the taste detection of L-glutamate as assessed psychophysically. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 19 25253867
2009 Tas1R1-Tas1R3 taste receptor variants in human fungiform papillae. Neuroscience letters 19 19146926
2003 Taste receptor T1R3 is an essential molecule for the cellular recognition of the disaccharide trehalose. In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal 19 12892531
2024 Steviol rebaudiosides bind to four different sites of the human sweet taste receptor (T1R2/T1R3) complex explaining confusing experiments. Communications chemistry 18 39424933
2017 Loss of the nutrient sensor TAS1R3 leads to reduced bone resorption. Journal of physiology and biochemistry 18 29019082
2007 CCAAT/Enhancer-binding protein beta regulates expression of human T1R3 taste receptor gene in the bile duct carcinoma cell line, HuCCT1. Biochimica et biophysica acta 18 17928076
2023 Novel Umami Peptides from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Interaction with Umami Receptor T1R1/T1R3. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 17 36832778
2022 Associations between Sweet Taste Sensitivity and Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TAS1R2 and TAS1R3 Genes, Gender, PROP Taster Status, and Density of Fungiform Papillae in a Genetically Homogeneous Sardinian Cohort. Nutrients 17 36432589
2012 Glucose transporter/T1R3-expressing cells in rat tracheal epithelium. Journal of anatomy 17 22640462
2023 Identification and Characterization of Novel Umami Peptides from Protein Hydrolysates of and Their Interaction with T1R1/T1R3 Receptor. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 16 37709731
2022 Taste peptides derived from Stropharia rugosoannulata fermentation mycelium and molecular docking to the taste receptor T1R1/T1R3. Frontiers in nutrition 16 35967776
2016 Amino acids regulate mTOR pathway and milk protein synthesis in a mouse mammary epithelial cell line is partly mediated by T1R1/T1R3. European journal of nutrition 16 27539583
2018 Human Sweet Receptor T1R3 is Functional in Human Gastric Parietal Tumor Cells (HGT-1) and Modulates Cyclamate and Acesulfame K-Induced Mechanisms of Gastric Acid Secretion. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 15 29665689
2017 T1R3 homomeric sweet taste receptor regulates adipogenesis through Gαs-mediated microtubules disassembly and Rho activation in 3T3-L1 cells. PloS one 15 28472098
2015 Differential Regulation of ERK1/2 and mTORC1 Through T1R1/T1R3 in MIN6 Cells. Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) 15 26168033
2024 Activation and inhibition of the sweet taste receptor TAS1R2-TAS1R3 differentially affect glucose tolerance in humans. PloS one 14 38691547

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