Affinage

SOX12

Transcription factor SOX-12 · UniProt O15370

Length
315 aa
Mass
34.1 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
60 papers in source corpus 25 papers cited in narrative 26 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

SOX12 is a SoxC-group transcription factor that drives gene expression programs underlying cancer cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion, acting through a C-terminal 33-residue transactivation domain that confers weaker transactivation than its paralogs SOX11/SOX4 owing to a less stable alpha-helical structure, and against which the three SoxC proteins compete at target promoters (PMID:18403418). Although Sox12-null mice develop normally because SOX4 and SOX11 functionally compensate (PMID:18505825), SOX12 becomes a potent driver in malignant contexts where it directly transactivates target promoters: Twist1 and FGFBP1 to promote HCC metastasis and EMT (PMID:25704764), MMP7 and IGF1 in gastric cancer (PMID:30922917), Cyclin E and Twist1 in lung cancer (PMID:28979676), and metabolic genes including GLS/GOT2/ASNS for asparagine synthesis (PMID:30858360) and PHGDH for serine synthesis (PMID:40379232). In hepatocellular carcinoma, SOX12 transcriptionally activates CCL22 and CD274/PD-L1 to recruit Tregs and suppress CD8+ T-cell infiltration, with hepatocyte-specific knockout attenuating and knock-in accelerating chemically induced HCC (PMID:39072947). SOX12 also positively modulates Wnt/β-catenin–TCF signaling in AML and multiple myeloma (PMID:27858992, PMID:31904384). Its abundance is controlled post-translationally by opposing E3 ligase activities: TRAF7 drives K48-linked ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of SOX12 (PMID:40623321), while RNF168 stabilizes it within a mutual feedback loop linked to DNA double-strand break repair and cisplatin resistance (PMID:41555391). In adaptive immunity, Sox12 promotes peripherally induced Treg differentiation by directly binding and activating the Foxp3 promoter downstream of TCR-NFAT signaling (PMID:30190287), and suppresses Th2 differentiation by enhancing Fbw7-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of GATA3 (PMID:32152552).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 2008 High

    Defined the structural basis of SOX12 transcriptional activity, establishing it as a bona fide but comparatively weak SoxC transactivator and explaining its functional ranking within the group.

    Evidence Reporter transactivation assays with domain deletion/mutagenesis and structural analysis of the TAD

    PMID:18403418

    Open questions at the time
    • No endogenous target genes identified in this study
    • TAD interacting coactivators not defined
  2. 2008 High

    Resolved why SOX12 loss is phenotypically silent in development, showing functional redundancy with SOX4/SOX11 rather than dispensability of the SoxC program.

    Evidence Sox12 knockout mouse with phenotypic analysis and cross-comparison of SoxC expression and transactivation

    PMID:18505825

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not address SOX12-specific roles unmasked in disease/cancer
    • Compensation mechanism at the molecular level not dissected
  3. 2014 Medium

    First implicated SOX12 in cancer signaling, placing it as a positive modulator of WNT-TCF, though in a context where it acted as a metastatic suppressor.

    Evidence Genome-wide in vivo shRNA screen in primary tumor cells plus WNT-TCF reporter assays

    PMID:24920608

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of WNT-TCF modulation not defined
    • Context-dependent suppressor vs. promoter role unresolved
  4. 2015 High

    Established SOX12 as a direct transcriptional driver of metastasis by identifying its EMT and invasion target genes and positioning it downstream of FoxQ1.

    Evidence ChIP, mutagenesis, luciferase reporters and in vivo metastasis/rescue models in HCC

    PMID:25704764

    Open questions at the time
    • Cofactors at Twist1/FGFBP1 promoters unknown
    • Direct vs. indirect target spectrum incomplete
  5. 2016 Medium

    Connected SOX12 to β-catenin/TCF-Wnt control of proliferation and cell cycle progression in hematologic malignancy.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown, TCF/Wnt reporter, cell cycle and xenograft assays in AML

    PMID:27858992

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct vs. indirect regulation of β-catenin not established
    • No promoter-binding evidence for Wnt components
  6. 2017 Medium

    Extended SOX12 direct targets to proliferation (Cyclin E) and EMT (Twist1) effectors in lung cancer.

    Evidence ChIP, shRNA knockdown, Western blot and in vivo xenograft

    PMID:28979676

    Open questions at the time
    • Quantitative occupancy and direct binding rigor limited
    • Apoptosis pathway downstream of SOX12 not mapped
  7. 2018 High

    Revealed a developmental/immune function: SOX12 directly activates Foxp3 to drive peripheral Treg differentiation downstream of TCR-NFAT, distinct from thymic Treg development.

    Evidence Sox12 knockout/enforced expression in CD4+ T cells, adoptive transfer colitis, promoter binding assay

    PMID:30190287

    Open questions at the time
    • NFAT-to-Sox12 induction mechanism not detailed
    • Foxp3 promoter cofactors unknown
  8. 2019 High

    Linked SOX12 to metabolic reprogramming and feedback signaling, showing it drives asparagine synthesis under hypoxia (HIF-1α-induced) and an IGF1/CREB/SOX12 positive loop.

    Evidence ChIP, mutagenesis, luciferase reporters, pathway inhibition and in vivo models in colorectal and gastric cancer

    PMID:30858360 PMID:30922917

    Open questions at the time
    • Metabolic flux consequences quantified indirectly
    • Whether metabolic and metastatic outputs are coupled unclear
  9. 2020 High

    Identified SOX12 as a non-transcriptional regulator of protein turnover in immunity, enhancing Fbw7-mediated GATA3 degradation to suppress Th2 differentiation.

    Evidence Sox12 knockout/forced expression in CD4+ T cells, ubiquitination/proteasome assays, Fbw7 knockdown, in vivo asthma model

    PMID:32152552

    Open questions at the time
    • How SOX12 promotes Fbw7 activity mechanistically is unresolved
    • Direct vs. indirect role in the ubiquitination complex unknown
  10. 2020 Medium

    Reinforced SOX12 as a Wnt/β-catenin promoter in additional malignancies and began mapping upstream regulators of SOX12 abundance.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown with β-catenin rescue (multiple myeloma); Co-IP, RIP and signaling-pathway studies for NRSN2, UCHL3 and DUXAP10/HuR regulation of SOX12

    PMID:31904384 PMID:33193849 PMID:33194042 PMID:33340249

    Open questions at the time
    • NRSN2 and UCHL3 links rest on single Co-IP or indirect signaling without direct biochemistry
    • Distinct upstream inputs not integrated into one regulatory model
  11. 2021 Medium

    Expanded SOX12's oncogenic output to Notch (JAGGED1/HES1) stemness signaling and detailed lncRNA/GATA6-mediated control of SOX12 transcription.

    Evidence Knockdown/rescue sphere assays in osteosarcoma; RNA pulldown, ChIP-qPCR and luciferase for LINC00680/GATA6 regulation of the SOX12 promoter

    PMID:34029572 PMID:34725550

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct SOX12 binding to JAGGED1 promoter not rigorously shown
    • Hierarchy among competing upstream regulators unclear
  12. 2024 High

    Established SOX12 as a driver of tumor immune evasion in HCC through direct activation of CCL22 and PD-L1, validated with hepatocyte-specific genetic models and downstream pharmacologic intervention.

    Evidence ChIP/reporter, hepatocyte-specific KO/KI mice, syngeneic models, CCR4/TGFβR1 inhibition, flow cytometry

    PMID:39072947

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether immune-evasion targets are conserved across tumor types untested
    • Relative contribution of CCL22 vs PD-L1 arms not separated
  13. 2024 Medium

    Clarified epigenetic upstream control, showing EP300-driven H3K27ac activates the SOX12 promoter and that this is suppressed by FOXN3 via EP300, linking SOX12 to Wnt-driven CRC stemness.

    Evidence ChIP for H3K27ac and FOXN3 occupancy, luciferase, rescue and in vivo tumor assays

    PMID:39607349

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct SOX12 transcriptional output in this context relies on prior models
    • FOXN3-EP300-SOX12 axis generality untested
  14. 2025 High

    Deepened SOX12's metabolic role (PHGDH/serine synthesis) and revealed a SOX12-YBX1-LDHA-TGFβ axis, while defining its protein stability via TRAF7-mediated K48 ubiquitination.

    Evidence ChIP/luciferase (PHGDH); CUT&Tag, IP-MS and LDHA rescue (YBX1/LDHA); Co-IP and K48-linkage ubiquitination assays (TRAF7); in vivo models

    PMID:40379232 PMID:40593465 PMID:40623321

    Open questions at the time
    • Interplay between metabolic targets across tumor types unmapped
    • TRAF7 recognition determinants on SOX12 undefined
  15. 2026 Medium

    Identified a mutual stabilization loop with RNF168 coupling SOX12 to DNA double-strand break repair and cisplatin resistance, integrating transcriptional control of E3 ligases with reciprocal protein stabilization.

    Evidence Knockdown with mRNA/protein dissociation analysis, Co-IP, cisplatin sensitivity and DNA repair assays in ESCC

    PMID:41555391

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct binding to TRIP12/UBR5 promoters not fully resolved
    • Mechanism of RNF168-mediated SOX12 stabilization undefined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How SOX12-specific functions are selected over redundant SoxC paralogs in disease, and whether its diverse transcriptional and post-translational activities converge on a unifying biochemical mechanism, remains unresolved.
  • No structural model of SOX12 bound to a target promoter with cofactors
  • Cofactor/coactivator identity at most target promoters unknown
  • Determinants of context-dependent suppressor vs. driver behavior undefined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140110 transcription regulator activity 10 GO:0003677 DNA binding 5
Localization
GO:0005634 nucleus 3
Pathway
R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 6 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 3 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3
Partners
NRSN2RNF168TRAF7YBX1

Evidence

Reading pass · 26 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2008 SOX12 (SoxC group) contains a C-terminal 33-residue transactivation domain (TAD) that is required for transcriptional activation; SOX12 is a weaker transactivator than SOX11 due to a less stable alpha-helical structure in its TAD. Acidic domains and the TAD interfere with DNA binding, and the three SoxC proteins can compete with one another in reporter gene transactivation. Reporter gene transactivation assays, domain deletion and mutagenesis, structural analysis of TAD alpha-helical stability Nucleic acids research High 18403418
2008 Sox12-deficient mice develop normally and are fertile, demonstrating that Sox4 and Sox11 functionally compensate for Sox12 loss during mouse development due to overlapping expression and higher transactivation rates, but compensation is not reciprocal (Sox12 cannot replace Sox4/Sox11). Sox12 knockout mouse generation, phenotypic analysis, comparison of expression patterns and transactivation activity among SoxC members Molecular and cellular biology High 18505825
2015 SOX12 promotes HCC metastasis by directly transactivating Twist1 (inducing EMT) and FGFBP1 (promoting invasion). FoxQ1 directly binds the SOX12 promoter and transactivates SOX12 expression, placing SOX12 downstream of FoxQ1 in an HCC metastasis pathway. Serial deletion, site-directed mutagenesis, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, luciferase reporter assays, overexpression/knockdown rescue experiments, in vivo metastasis models Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) High 25704764
2019 SOX12 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by directly transactivating glutaminase (GLS), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase 2 (GOT2), and asparagine synthetase (ASNS), thereby facilitating asparagine synthesis. HIF-1α directly binds the SOX12 promoter and induces SOX12 expression under hypoxic conditions. Serial deletion, site-directed mutagenesis, luciferase reporter assay, ChIP assay, overexpression/knockdown rescue experiments, in vivo xenograft models Cell death & disease High 30858360
2014 SOX12 knockdown increases metastatic growth of colon cancer cells in vivo, and both SOX12 and TMED3 promote endogenous WNT-TCF signaling activity, identifying SOX12 as a positive modulator of the WNT-TCF pathway that functions as a metastatic suppressor in this context. Genome-wide in vivo shRNA screen in primary human tumor cells in mice, WNT-TCF reporter assays, spheroid formation assays EMBO molecular medicine Medium 24920608
2016 SOX12 knockdown in AML cells decreases β-catenin expression and TCF/Wnt transcriptional activity, reduces colony formation and cell proliferation, and causes G1 cell cycle arrest, placing SOX12 upstream of the β-catenin/TCF-Wnt pathway in AML. shRNA-mediated knockdown, TCF/Wnt luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot, colony assay, NOD/SCID xenograft reconstitution British journal of haematology Medium 27858992
2017 SOX12 directly transactivates Cyclin E and Twist1 in lung cancer cells, as demonstrated by ChIP assay; SOX12 knockdown reduces proliferation (PCNA, Cyclin E), increases apoptosis, and decreases invasion (MMP-9, Twist1, E-cadherin). ChIP assay, shRNA knockdown, Western blot, in vivo xenograft American journal of translational research Medium 28979676
2019 SOX12 promotes gastric cancer metastasis by transcriptionally activating MMP7 and IGF1 (confirmed by reporter assays). IGF1, in turn, induces SOX12 expression via the PI3K/AKT/CREB pathway, forming a positive IGF1/CREB/SOX12 feedback loop. Luciferase reporter assays, overexpression/knockdown functional assays, pathway inhibition, in vivo metastasis models Cancer letters Medium 30922917
2018 Sox12 directly binds to the Foxp3 promoter and drives its transcription in CD4+ T cells, promoting the differentiation of peripherally induced regulatory T (pTreg) cells during colitis. This induction of Sox12 expression occurs downstream of TCR-NFAT signaling. Sox12 is not required for thymus-derived Treg development. Sox12 knockout and enforced expression in CD4+ T cells, adoptive transfer colitis model, promoter binding assay (ChIP/reporter), cytokine measurements The Journal of experimental medicine High 30190287
2020 Sox12 promotes degradation of GATA3 protein in Th2 cells through the proteasome pathway by enhancing Fbw7-mediated ubiquitination of GATA3, thereby suppressing Th2 cell differentiation. Fbw7 knockdown partially abrogates Sox12-mediated GATA3 suppression. Sox12 knockout and forced expression in CD4+ T cells, proteasome inhibitor assay, ubiquitination assay, Fbw7 knockdown, Western blot, in vivo allergic asthma model Cellular & molecular immunology High 32152552
2020 SOX12 promotes the growth of multiple myeloma cells by upregulating β-catenin expression and enhancing TCF/LEF transcriptional activity (Wnt/β-catenin pathway); transfecting a β-catenin expression vector reverses the antitumor effect of SOX12 knockdown. shRNA knockdown, β-catenin overexpression rescue, TCF/LEF luciferase reporter assay, in vivo xenograft model Experimental cell research Medium 31904384
2020 NRSN2 (Neurensin-2) physically interacts with SOX12 in colorectal cancer cells (confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation), and NRSN2 knockdown decreases SOX12 expression while NRSN2 overexpression upregulates SOX12 expression, placing NRSN2 as an upstream regulator of SOX12. Co-immunoprecipitation, CCK8, colony formation, wound-healing, Transwell assays Oncology letters Low 33193849
2020 UCHL3 (a deubiquitinating enzyme) regulates SOX12 expression through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells; UCHL3 overexpression increases SOX12 protein levels and UCHL3 knockdown decreases them. Western blot, RT-PCR, knockdown/overexpression, in vivo xenograft, pathway inhibitor studies American journal of translational research Low 33194042
2020 lncRNA DUXAP10 directly interacts with HuR protein (RNA-binding protein) and suppresses HuR cytoplasm-nuclear translocation, which enhances Sox12 mRNA stability in the cytoplasm and increases Sox12 expression to promote glioma cell stemness. RNA immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, lncRNA knockdown, Sox12 expression rescue experiments Environmental toxicology Medium 33340249
2024 SOX12 transcriptionally activates CCL22 (to recruit regulatory T cells via CCR4) and CD274/PD-L1 (to suppress CD8+ T cell infiltration) in HCC, promoting immunosuppression. Upstream, TGF-β1/TGFβR1-Smad2/3/4 signaling drives SOX12 overexpression. Hepatocyte-specific SOX12 knockout attenuates DEN/CCl4-induced HCC progression, while knock-in accelerates it. ChIP/transcriptional reporter assays, hepatocyte-specific knockout/knock-in mouse models (DEN/CCl4), syngeneic HCC models, Treg-specific CCR4 knockout, CCR4 inhibitor, TGFβR1 inhibitor treatment, flow cytometry Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) High 39072947
2020 SOX12 contributes to activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; recombinant SOX12 protein restores JAK2/STAT3 activation after SOX12 knockdown, and inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling mirrors SOX12 knockdown phenotype. shRNA knockdown, recombinant protein rescue, Western blot for pathway components, colony formation, Transwell assay Oncology reports Medium 33416144
2021 SOX12 directly binds the JAGGED1 promoter and upregulates JAGGED1/HES1 (Notch pathway) expression in osteosarcoma, promoting cancer stem cell-like phenotypes; JAGGED1 overexpression rescues osteosarcoma cells from the spheroidizing inhibition caused by SOX12 knockdown. Knockdown, overexpression rescue, sphere formation assay, stemness marker expression, in vivo xenograft, implied promoter binding Stem cells international Medium 34725550
2022 SOX12 promotes thyroid cancer cell proliferation and invasion by regulating expression of POU2F1 and POU3F1; overexpression of POU2F1 and POU3F1 reverses the effects of SOX12 knockdown. SOX12 knockdown reduces expression of PCNA, Cyclin D1, Snail, MMP-2, MMP-9 and affects E-cadherin, linking SOX12 to EMT regulation. siRNA knockdown, rescue overexpression of POU2F1/POU3F1, Western blot, CCK8, wound healing, Transwell assay, in vivo xenograft Yonsei medical journal Medium 35619584
2025 SOX12 directly binds the PHGDH (3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase) promoter and transcriptionally activates it, enhancing the serine synthesis pathway (SSP) and metabolism to promote endometrial cancer malignant progression; serine deprivation combined with SOX12 knockdown has an enhanced inhibitory effect. Luciferase reporter assay, ChIP assay, SOX12 overexpression/knockdown, in vivo xenograft and lung metastasis models Cellular signalling Medium 40379232
2025 SOX12 directly upregulates YBX1 expression and recruits YBX1 to the LDHA promoter, activating LDHA transcription and downstream TGF-β signaling to promote papillary thyroid carcinoma metastasis. LDHA knockdown rescues SOX12/YBX1-mediated TGF-β activation and inhibits PTC cell migration and invasion. RNA-seq, CUT&Tag, immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS), LDHA knockdown rescue assay, in vitro migration/invasion assays Cell death & disease High 40593465
2025 TRAF7 (E3 ubiquitin ligase) physically interacts with SOX12 protein and promotes its degradation via K48-linked ubiquitination through the ubiquitin-proteasome system in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; TRAF7's tumor-suppressive effects on proliferation and migration partly depend on SOX12. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay (K48-linkage specificity), rescue overexpression of SOX12, Western blot, cell proliferation and migration assays Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire Medium 40623321
2026 SOX12 regulates RNF168 protein stability by transcriptionally repressing TRIP12 and UBR5 (E3 ubiquitin ligases that degrade RNF168); conversely, RNF168 interacts with and stabilizes SOX12 protein via the ubiquitin-proteasome system, forming a mutual feedback regulatory loop that promotes DNA double-strand break repair and cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. SOX12 knockdown, Western blot (protein vs. mRNA level assessment), Co-immunoprecipitation, cisplatin sensitivity assay, DNA damage repair assay Cell & bioscience Medium 41555391
2024 In colorectal cancer, EP300 promotes H3K27ac enrichment at the SOX12 promoter to epigenetically upregulate SOX12 expression; FOXN3 transcriptionally suppresses EP300 expression by binding to its promoter, thereby indirectly reducing SOX12 and inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. SOX12 overexpression reverses FOXN3-mediated inhibition of CRC stemness. ChIP assay (H3K27ac at SOX12 promoter; FOXN3 at EP300 promoter), dual luciferase reporter assay, overexpression/knockdown rescue experiments, sphere-forming assay, in vivo tumor formation Molecular carcinogenesis Medium 39607349
2022 SOX12 transcriptionally activates lncRNA SNHG15 expression in cervical cancer cells (confirmed by ChIP and luciferase reporter assay), adding an upstream regulatory output of SOX12 to lncRNA-mediated cancer progression. ChIP assay, luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down, bioinformatics analysis, functional knockdown assays Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Medium 35069980
2021 lncRNA LINC00680 physically interacts with GATA6 protein in lung adenocarcinoma cells (confirmed by RNA pulldown and western blot), weakening GATA6-mediated transcriptional suppression of the SOX12 promoter; LINC00680 depletion significantly enhances GATA6 binding to the SOX12 promoter and reduces SOX12 transcription. RNA pulldown, western blot, ChIP-qPCR, dual-luciferase assay, RNA-FISH, in vivo xenograft Experimental cell research Medium 34029572
2024 In colorectal cancer (mouse models), abrogating SoxC function (including Sox12 together with Sox4 and Sox11) reduced tumor growth and prevented liver metastasis; SoxC transcription factors regulate downstream targets including Tead2, Mdk, and Klf4 during both colon development and tumorigenesis. Murine SoxC loss-of-function models (in vivo tumor growth and metastasis assays), transcriptomic comparison of embryonic and cancerous tissues bioRxivpreprint Low

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 60 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2008 The three SoxC proteins--Sox4, Sox11 and Sox12--exhibit overlapping expression patterns and molecular properties. Nucleic acids research 214 18403418
2008 Sox12 deletion in the mouse reveals nonreciprocal redundancy with the related Sox4 and Sox11 transcription factors. Molecular and cellular biology 121 18505825
2015 Sox12, a direct target of FoxQ1, promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through up-regulating Twist1 and FGFBP1. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 111 25704764
2019 SOX12 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating asparagine synthesis. Cell death & disease 104 30858360
2014 A novel genome-wide in vivo screen for metastatic suppressors in human colon cancer identifies the positive WNT-TCF pathway modulators TMED3 and SOX12. EMBO molecular medicine 73 24920608
2019 Circular RNA hsa_circ_001895 serves as a sponge of microRNA-296-5p to promote clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by regulating SOX12. Cancer science 55 31782868
1997 SOX22 is a new member of the SOX gene family, mainly expressed in human nervous tissue. Human molecular genetics 49 9215677
2019 Sex determining region Y-box 12 (SOX12) promotes gastric cancer metastasis by upregulating MMP7 and IGF1. Cancer letters 40 30922917
2019 NR2F1-AS1 regulated miR-423-5p/SOX12 to promote proliferation and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Journal of cellular biochemistry 36 31692033
2022 LncRNA UCA1 promotes SOX12 expression in breast cancer by regulating m6A modification of miR-375 by METTL14 through DNA methylation. Cancer gene therapy 35 35022519
2017 Sox12 Is a Cancer Stem-Like Cell Marker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Molecules and cells 35 29127951
2017 MiR-874 inhibits metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting SOX12. American journal of cancer research 34 28670493
2017 Knockdown of SOX12 expression inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells. American journal of translational research 34 28979676
2016 SOX12: a novel potential target for acute myeloid leukaemia. British journal of haematology 33 27858992
2020 UCHL3 promotes proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by regulating SOX12 via AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. American journal of translational research 31 33194042
2018 MicroRNA-138 inhibits SOX12 expression and the proliferation, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 30 30186381
2024 SOX12 Facilitates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression and Metastasis through Promoting Regulatory T-Cells Infiltration and Immunosuppression. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 29 39072947
2021 lncRNA PRR34-AS1 promotes HCC development via modulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway by absorbing miR-296-5p and upregulating E2F2 and SOX12. Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids 29 34168917
2016 Silencing of SOX12 by shRNA suppresses migration, invasion and proliferation of breast cancer cells. Bioscience reports 29 27582508
2017 SOX12 upregulation is associated with metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and increases CDK4 and IGF2BP1 expression. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 28 28975985
2020 Sox12 enhances Fbw7-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of GATA3 in Th2 cells. Cellular & molecular immunology 27 32152552
2020 LncRNA SNHG1 contributes to the regulation of acute myeloid leukemia cell growth by modulating miR-489-3p/SOX12/Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Journal of cellular physiology 26 32592199
2019 MiR-29b suppresses proliferation and mobility by targeting SOX12 and DNMT3b in pancreatic cancer. Anti-cancer drugs 24 30601190
2021 Downregulation of circ_0012152 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells through the miR-625-5p/SOX12 axis. Hematological oncology 22 34097310
2021 miR-744-5p Inhibits Multiple Myeloma Proliferation, Epithelial Mesenchymal Transformation and Glycolysis by Targeting SOX12/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. OncoTargets and therapy 19 33654408
2020 Long noncoding RNA DUXAP10 promotes the stemness of glioma cells by recruiting HuR to enhance Sox12 mRNA stability. Environmental toxicology 17 33340249
2020 LncRNA C9orf139 can regulate the growth of pancreatic cancer by mediating the miR-663a/Sox12 axis. World journal of gastrointestinal oncology 16 33250960
2022 SOX12 Promotes Thyroid Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Regulating the Expression of POU2F1 and POU3F1. Yonsei medical journal 15 35619584
2022 LncRNA MAFG-AS1 Promotes Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Migration and Invasion by Targeting miR-3196 and Regulating SOX12 Expression. Molecular biotechnology 14 35275356
2020 LncRNA CASC9 Affects Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Tongue Squamous cell Carcinoma via Regulating miR-423-5p/SOX12 Axes. Cancer management and research 14 32021442
2021 Multi-Omics Analysis of SOX4, SOX11, and SOX12 Expression and the Associated Pathways in Human Cancers. Journal of personalized medicine 13 34442467
2021 LncRNA LGALS8-AS1 Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis Through miR-125b-5p/SOX12 Feedback Regulatory Network. Frontiers in oncology 13 34745940
2021 LncRNA MNX1-AS1 promotes ovarian cancer process via targeting the miR-744-5p/SOX12 axis. Journal of ovarian research 13 34789303
2020 SOX12 promotes the growth of multiple myeloma cells by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Experimental cell research 13 31904384
2020 TMPO-AS1, a Novel E2F1-Regulated lncRNA, Contributes to the Proliferation of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells via Modulating miR-326/SOX12 Axis. Cancer management and research 12 33293866
2020 SOX12 contributes to the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and malignant transformation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncology reports 12 33416144
2022 lncRNA SNHG15 Induced by SOX12 Promotes the Tumorigenic Properties and Chemoresistance in Cervical Cancer via the miR-4735-3p/HIF1a Pathway. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 11 35069980
2020 Long non-coding RNA BLACAT1 expedites osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion via up-regulating SOX12 through miR-608. Journal of bone oncology 11 33005563
2018 Sox12 promotes T reg differentiation in the periphery during colitis. The Journal of experimental medicine 11 30190287
2020 MicroRNA-370 suppresses SOX12 transcription and acts as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 9 32196581
2018 MicroRNA‑744 inhibits migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting SOX12. Oncology reports 9 30542724
2022 The lncRNA TERC promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by sponging miR-423-5p to regulate SOX12 expression. Annals of translational medicine 8 36267723
2021 SOX12 Promotes Stem Cell-Like Phenotypes and Osteosarcoma Tumor Growth by Upregulating JAGGED1. Stem cells international 8 34725550
2022 LINC01063 functions as an oncogene in melanoma through regulation of miR-5194-mediated SOX12 expression. Melanoma research 7 35256570
2022 Knockdown of SOX12 Expression Induced Apoptotic Factors is Associated with TWIST1 and CTNNB1 Expression in Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. International journal of molecular and cellular medicine 7 35875337
2020 Neurensin-2 promotes proliferation, invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells via interaction with SOX12. Oncology letters 7 33193849
2022 miR-342-3p Inhibits Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression by Targeting SOX12. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 6 36120594
2021 LncRNA LINC00680 promotes lung adenocarcinoma growth via binding to GATA6 and canceling GATA6-mediated suppression of SOX12 expression. Experimental cell research 6 34029572
2019 [Expression of transcription factor SOX12 in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance]. Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 6 30890507
2025 SOX12 promotes serine synthesis and tumor progression in endometrial cancer. Cellular signalling 5 40379232
2024 Implications of a De Novo Variant in the SOX12 Gene in a Patient with Generalized Epilepsy, Intellectual Disability, and Childhood Emotional Behavioral Disorders. Current issues in molecular biology 5 39057025
2022 LncRNA00978 contributes to growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via mediating microRNA-125b-5p/SOX12 pathway. Bioengineered 5 35485164
2022 LncRNA CASC9 promotes cell proliferation and invasion in osteosarcoma through targeting miR-874-3p/SOX12 axis. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 4 36266695
2022 Circ_0006789 Promotes the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Modulating miR-1324 and SOX12. Protein and peptide letters 3 36017856
2024 FOXN3 Downregulation in Colorectal Cancer Enhances Tumor Cell Stemness by Promoting EP300-Mediated Epigenetic Upregulation of SOX12. Molecular carcinogenesis 2 39607349
2026 The mutual regulation of SOX12 and RNF168 modulates cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating DNA damage repair. Cell & bioscience 0 41555391
2025 N6-methyladenosine modification of MEF2A weakens cetuximab sensitivity in colorectal cancer via PD-L1/SOX12 axis. Cell death discovery 0 40592832
2025 The SOX12-YBX1-LDHA signaling axis drives metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cell death & disease 0 40593465
2025 TRAF7 inhibits proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by ubiquitination-mediated degradation of SOX12. Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire 0 40623321
2022 [Retracted] MicroRNA‑744 inhibits migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting SOX12. Oncology reports 0 35856423

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