Affinage

SLC36A1

Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 · UniProt Q7Z2H8

Length
476 aa
Mass
53.1 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
100 papers in source corpus 22 papers cited in narrative 22 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

SLC36A1 (PAT1/LYAAT-1) is an electrogenic proton-coupled symporter that transports small neutral amino acids, imino acids, taurine, β-alanine, GABA, and select drugs (gaboxadol, δ-aminolevulinic acid) across membranes, with proton binding preceding substrate binding and both being translocated simultaneously in a bidirectional, voltage- and pH-dependent manner (PMID:12893527, PMID:15504109, PMID:15521011, PMID:19074966). His-55 is essential for proton-dependent catalytic activity, and N-glycosylation at Asn-174, Asn-183, and Asn-470 is required for proper lysosomal targeting, protein stability, and escape from ERAD-mediated degradation (PMID:18230330, PMID:19409386, PMID:28117901). On the lysosomal membrane, SLC36A1 physically associates with Rag GTPases and SLC38A9 and is required for amino acid-dependent mTORC1 recruitment and activation; glycosylation-deficient mutants that mislocalize to the plasma membrane fail to regulate mTORC1 (PMID:22574197, PMID:34572527, PMID:28117901). SLC36A1 overexpression drives mTORC1-dependent resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in melanoma (via Rb loss/E2F de-repression or FMR1-promoted translation) and mediates glucose starvation resistance in kidney cancer downstream of TFE3 transcriptional activation (PMID:31555743, PMID:38599381).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 2003 High

    Establishing that SLC36A1 is an electrogenic proton/amino acid cotransporter with strict substrate size constraints resolved the molecular identity of the long-sought mammalian proton-coupled amino acid carrier.

    Evidence Two-electrode voltage clamp and radiotracer flux in Xenopus oocytes expressing murine PAT1 with systematic substrate analogue analysis

    PMID:12893527

    Open questions at the time
    • No human ortholog transport data yet
    • No information on in vivo tissue localization or physiological role
  2. 2003 High

    Immunoelectron microscopy placed SLC36A1 on lysosomal membranes in CNS neurons, establishing that its primary subcellular residence is the lysosome rather than the plasma membrane.

    Evidence Confocal and immunoEM co-localization with cathepsin D in rat brain neurons

    PMID:12761825

    Open questions at the time
    • Role of lysosomal SLC36A1 in amino acid efflux versus signaling not yet distinguished
    • No data on non-neuronal tissues
  3. 2004 High

    Demonstrating that human PAT1 functions as the brush-border proton-coupled imino acid transporter in intestinal epithelia — cooperating with NHE3 to generate apparent Na+ dependence — defined its physiological transport role in nutrient absorption.

    Evidence Xenopus oocyte electrophysiology, Caco-2 monolayer transport, and immunohistochemistry of human/rat small intestine

    PMID:15521011

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of lysosomal versus apical plasma membrane pools in enterocytes unclear
    • In vivo knockout phenotype in intestine not yet reported
  4. 2005 High

    Biophysical dissection of the transport cycle established that proton binding precedes substrate binding and that PAT1 operates bidirectionally, resolving the ordered kinetic mechanism.

    Evidence Steady-state and pre-steady-state voltage clamp plus giant patch clamp in Xenopus oocytes

    PMID:15504109

    Open questions at the time
    • No structural model to explain ordered binding
    • Stoichiometry of H+:substrate coupling not definitively resolved
  5. 2005 High

    Identification of serotonin and tryptophan as naturally occurring non-transported inhibitors of PAT1 revealed an endogenous regulatory mechanism and pharmacological tool for the transporter.

    Evidence Voltage clamp dose-response inhibition curves in oocytes; Caco-2 uptake inhibition

    PMID:16126914

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological significance of tryptophan/serotonin inhibition in vivo not tested
    • Binding site not structurally defined
  6. 2005 High

    Demonstrating that cAMP/PKA inhibits PAT1-mediated transport indirectly — by suppressing NHE3 and thus the H+ gradient — clarified that hormonal regulation targets the driving force rather than PAT1 itself.

    Evidence Pharmacological dissection with VIP, PACAP, forskolin, and NHE3 inhibitors in Caco-2 monolayers

    PMID:15754324

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PAT1 is also subject to direct post-translational regulation not excluded
    • Relevance in non-intestinal tissues unknown
  7. 2008 High

    Mutagenesis of His-55 identified a single residue essential for proton-dependent catalysis, pinpointing the proton-sensing element in the transport cycle without affecting protein trafficking.

    Evidence H55A/H55N/H55E site-directed mutagenesis with radiotracer uptake and cell surface biotinylation in HRPE cells

    PMID:18230330

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether His-55 directly coordinates the proton or acts allosterically is unresolved
    • No structure to place His-55 in a binding pocket
  8. 2008 High

    Expanding the substrate profile to include taurine and β-alanine at physiological intestinal concentrations established PAT1 as the predominant intestinal taurine absorptive pathway.

    Evidence Oocyte reconstitution and Caco-2 monolayer uptake with ion substitution; RT-PCR of human intestinal biopsies

    PMID:19074966

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo taurine absorption in SLC36A1-null animals not tested
  9. 2009 High

    Showing that N-glycosylation at three asparagines is collectively required for proper membrane targeting linked post-translational modification to transporter surface expression and function.

    Evidence Triple glycosylation-site mutagenesis with voltage clamp in oocytes and immunofluorescence

    PMID:19409386

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether glycosylation affects lysosomal versus plasma membrane sorting not yet distinguished
  10. 2009 High

    In vivo pharmacokinetic evidence that tryptophan co-administration reduces gaboxadol absorption in dogs demonstrated that PAT1 is rate-limiting for oral drug absorption, establishing its pharmacological relevance.

    Evidence Caco-2 transport assays plus in vivo dog pharmacokinetics with PAT1 inhibitor co-dosing

    PMID:19594759

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PAT1 contributes to absorption of other CNS drugs in humans not established
  11. 2012 High

    Discovery that SLC36A1 physically interacts with Rag GTPases on lysosomes and is required for amino acid-dependent mTOR relocalization and mTORC1 activation repositioned PAT1 from a simple transporter to a nutrient-sensing signaling component.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation with Rag GTPases; siRNA knockdown with mTOR localization imaging; Drosophila path mutant in vivo

    PMID:22574197

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether PAT1 transports amino acids to activate Rags or acts as a scaffold/receptor is unresolved
    • Identity of the amino acid signal sensed by PAT1 at the lysosome unknown
  12. 2017 High

    Glycosylation-deficient PAT1 mislocalizes to the plasma membrane and fails to regulate mTORC1, directly linking lysosomal residency to the signaling function and demonstrating that surface-expressed PAT1 is insufficient for mTOR activation.

    Evidence PAT1-3NQ glycosylation mutant expressed in HEK293 cells with ERAD pathway analysis, immunofluorescence, and S6K phosphorylation readout

    PMID:28117901

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether glycosylation-dependent sorting involves a specific lysosomal targeting signal or is passive quality control
    • ERAD-mediated degradation pathway for misfolded PAT1 not fully characterized
  13. 2019 High

    SLC36A1 overexpression was shown to drive acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in melanoma via mTORC1 reactivation, with Rb loss (E2F de-repression) and FMR1-enhanced translation as upstream mechanisms, establishing a direct cancer drug resistance pathway.

    Evidence Overexpression/knockdown in melanoma cells; immunoblot for mTORC1 substrates; in vivo mouse xenograft with CDK4/6i + mTORC1i combination

    PMID:31555743

    Open questions at the time
    • Generalizability to other cancer types not established
    • Whether PAT1 transport activity or scaffold function drives resistance unclear
  14. 2021 Medium

    Identification of SLC38A9 as a direct interaction partner of SLC36A1 on lysosomes, with leucine increasing expression of both transporters, expanded the lysosomal amino acid sensing complex.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation; immunofluorescence co-localization; siRNA knockdown with mTORC1 readout in C2C12 cells

    PMID:34572527

    Open questions at the time
    • Single Co-IP without reciprocal validation from an independent lab
    • Stoichiometry and direct versus indirect interaction not resolved
    • Whether interaction is amino acid-regulated dynamically unknown
  15. 2024 High

    TFE3 was identified as a direct transcriptional activator of SLC36A1 during glucose starvation, revealing how metabolic stress upregulates lysosomal amino acid transport to sustain mTORC1 and confer starvation resistance in kidney cancer.

    Evidence Functional genomic screen; ChIP and reporter assays for TFE3 binding to SLC36A1 promoter; O-GlcNAcylation-mediated TFE3 stabilization; SLC36A1 KD with mTOR and viability readouts

    PMID:38599381

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether TFE3-SLC36A1 axis operates in non-renal cancers not tested
    • Contribution of other TFEB/TFE3 family members to SLC36A1 regulation unknown

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • A central unresolved question is whether SLC36A1 activates mTORC1 through its amino acid transport activity (transceptor model) or through a transport-independent scaffolding/receptor function on the lysosomal surface.
  • No transport-dead mutant tested for mTORC1 signaling capacity
  • No structural model of SLC36A1
  • No reconstitution of the PAT1-Rag-mTORC1 signaling axis with purified components

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005215 transporter activity 6 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3
Localization
GO:0005764 lysosome 3 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 2 GO:0005768 endosome 1
Pathway
R-HSA-382551 Transport of small molecules 7 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 5 R-HSA-8963743 Digestion and absorption 3 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 2
Partners
RRAGARRAGBRRAGCRRAGDSLC38A9SLC9A3

Evidence

Reading pass · 22 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2012 SLC36A1 (PAT1) is primarily located on late endosomes and lysosomes (LELs), physically interacts with Rag GTPases, and is required for normal amino acid-dependent mTOR relocalization to LELs and mTORC1 activation. Co-immunoprecipitation, subcellular fractionation, siRNA knockdown with mTOR localization imaging, Drosophila in vivo genetics PloS one High 22574197
2004 SLC36A1 (hPAT1) functions as a proton-coupled (H+/amino acid symporter) imino acid transporter localized exclusively to the luminal brush-border membrane of human and rat small intestine; in intact epithelia it cooperates functionally with NHE3 (SLC9A3) to explain the apparent Na+-dependence of the classical imino acid carrier. Xenopus oocyte expression with electrophysiology and radiotracer flux; Caco-2 monolayers; rat small intestine; immunohistochemistry Gastroenterology High 15521011
2008 SLC36A1 (PAT1) mediates H+-coupled, Na+- and Cl−-independent, low-affinity, high-capacity taurine and β-alanine transport across the human intestinal brush-border membrane, and at dietary taurine concentrations is the predominant absorptive mechanism, complementing high-affinity TauT (SLC6A6). Xenopus oocyte expression; Caco-2 monolayer uptake assays; RT-PCR of human duodenal/ileal biopsies The Journal of physiology High 19074966
2003 Murine PAT1 (SLC36A1) is an electrogenic proton/amino acid cotransporter; structural requirements for substrates include an aliphatic side chain of maximally one CH2 unit and amino-to-carboxyl separation of at most two CH2 units; the transporter shows no or reversed stereoselectivity for certain substrates. Two-electrode voltage clamp and radiotracer flux in Xenopus oocytes; kinetic analysis with substrate analogues Molecular membrane biology High 12893527
2005 Serotonin, L-tryptophan, and tryptamine bind to PAT1 with Ki values of 0.9–6.1 mM, competitively inhibit H+-dependent proline transport, but are not themselves transported electrogenically, identifying them as naturally occurring non-transported inhibitors of SLC36A1. Two-electrode voltage clamp in hPAT1-expressing Xenopus oocytes; membrane potential assay; Caco-2 uptake inhibition FASEB journal High 16126914
2005 PAT1 (SLC36A1) operates as a bidirectional transporter: proton binding precedes substrate binding and both are translocated simultaneously; the transporter shows no pre-steady-state currents in the absence of substrate and allows bidirectional amino acid transport driven by substrate concentration, pH gradient, and membrane potential. Two-electrode voltage clamp (steady-state and pre-steady-state currents); giant patch clamp; efflux studies in Xenopus oocytes The Biochemical journal High 15504109
2008 A missense mutation T63R in exon 2 of SLC36A1 is responsible for champagne coat color dilution in horses, demonstrating a functional consequence of SLC36A1 loss-of-function in a mammalian organism. Genome-wide mapping (microsatellite markers), candidate gene sequencing, SNP association in 182 horses PLoS genetics Medium 18802473
2008 His-55 is essential for catalytic activity of human PAT1 (SLC36A1): H55A, H55N, and H55E mutants abolish L-proline transport without affecting protein expression or plasma membrane targeting, implicating His-55 in proton binding and translocation. Site-directed mutagenesis; radiotracer uptake in HRPE cells; cell surface biotinylation and immunoblot; confocal microscopy Biochimica et biophysica acta High 18230330
2009 N-glycosylation at Asn-174, Asn-183, and Asn-470 of human PAT1 (SLC36A1) is required for normal plasma membrane targeting; combined glycosylation-deficient mutants show reduced transport rate without altering substrate affinity (Kt), while single substitutions have no effect. Site-directed mutagenesis; two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes; immunofluorescence localization FEBS letters High 19409386
2009 hPAT1 (SLC36A1) mediates intestinal absorption of gaboxadol; oral co-administration of L-tryptophan (a PAT1 inhibitor) significantly decreases absorption rate constant and Cmax of gaboxadol in beagle dogs, demonstrating in vivo relevance of PAT1 transport for drug pharmacokinetics. Caco-2 transport assays; in vivo pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs with PAT1 inhibitor co-administration British journal of pharmacology High 19594759
2010 ALA (δ-aminolevulinic acid) is a substrate of SLC36A1 (hPAT1) with Km ~6.8 mM; uptake is pH-dependent, Na+-independent, saturable, and inhibited by glycine, proline, and GABA; in Caco-2 cells, apical ALA absorption is mediated exclusively by SLC36A1 and SLC15A1. Radiotracer uptake in COS-7 cells expressing SLC36A1; membrane potential assay; Caco-2 inhibition studies British journal of pharmacology High 20128809
2010 SLC36A1 (hPAT1) transports the dipeptide Gly-Sar and Gly-Gly (but not larger dipeptides such as Gly-Ala, Gly-Pro, or Gly-Phe), with Gly-Sar structurally defining the size limit for dipeptide transport via SLC36A1. Two-electrode voltage clamp in hPAT1-expressing Xenopus oocytes; Caco-2 inhibition assays British journal of pharmacology High 20880398
2005 hPAT1 (SLC36A1) function in intact intestinal epithelia (Caco-2) is indirectly regulated by the cAMP/PKA pathway: VIP, PACAP, and forskolin inhibit PAT1-mediated amino acid uptake by inhibiting NHE3 activity (not PAT1 directly), thereby reducing the driving H+ gradient for PAT1. Beta-alanine uptake assays in Caco-2 monolayers; pharmacological dissection with PKA activators, NHE3 inhibitors; intracellular pH recovery measurements Journal of cellular physiology High 15754324
2019 SLC36A1 overexpression reactivates mTORC1 signaling and drives acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in melanoma; two mechanisms elevate SLC36A1: Rb loss (via de-repression of E2F) and FMR1 overexpression (promoting SLC36A1 translation). Cell-based overexpression/knockdown; immunoblotting for mTORC1 substrates; in vivo mouse tumor model with CDK4/6 + mTORC1 inhibitor combination Science advances High 31555743
2021 SLC36A1 interacts with SLC38A9 on the lysosomal surface; leucine increases expression of both transporters and promotes mTORC1 activation; SLC38A9 and SLC36A1 enhance each other's expression and lysosomal localization. Co-immunoprecipitation; immunofluorescence co-localization; siRNA knockdown with mTORC1 activity readout; MS interactome of SLC38A9 in C2C12 cells Biomolecules Medium 34572527
2017 N-glycosylation of human PAT1 (SLC36A1) affects protein stability and subcellular distribution: glycosylation-deficient PAT1 (PAT13NQ) is degraded via the ERAD pathway, preferentially localizes to the plasma membrane rather than lysosomes, and fails to inhibit mTORC1, demonstrating that lysosomal localization is required for PAT1-mediated mTORC1 regulation. Glycosylation mutant (3NQ) expression in HEK293 cells; proteasome/ERAD inhibition; immunofluorescence; mTORC1 activity assay (S6K phosphorylation) FEBS letters High 28117901
2013 SLC36A1 (PAT1) shows nuclear localization in rat smooth muscle cells (A7r5 and primary aortic/colon SMCs) directed by a 3'-UTR element of the PAT1 transcript; knockdown of PAT1 in A7r5 cells increases cell growth rate, indicating PAT1 negatively regulates SMC proliferation. Immunofluorescence; cellular fractionation; 3'-UTR reporter constructs; siRNA knockdown with growth rate measurement American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism Medium 24222668
2024 TFE3 transcriptionally activates SLC36A1 in response to glucose starvation; glucose starvation stabilizes TFE3 via O-GlcNAcylation, leading to increased SLC36A1 expression, enhanced lysosomal amino acid transport, mTOR activation, and resistance to glucose starvation in kidney cancer cells. Functional genomic screen; ChIP/reporter assays; O-GlcNAcylation analysis; SLC36A1 KD with mTOR activity and viability readouts; GLUT1 inhibitor sensitivity assays The Journal of biological chemistry High 38599381
2003 LYAAT-1 (SLC36A1) localizes to lysosomal membranes in rat CNS neurons, as demonstrated by co-localization with cathepsin D by confocal and electron microscopy, consistent with a role in amino acid efflux from lysosomes. In situ hybridization; immunohistochemistry; confocal and electron microscopy with lysosomal marker co-localization The Journal of comparative neurology High 12761825
2003 PAT2 (SLC36A2), the paralog of PAT1/SLC36A1, localizes not to lysosomes (unlike PAT1) but to the ER and recycling endosomes in neurons; PAT2 transport is voltage-dependent and bidirectional, with membrane depolarization causing net glycine outward currents. Immunodetection in spinal cord/brain; electrophysiology in Xenopus oocytes; immunofluorescence co-localization with organelle markers The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 14600155
2004 ARA67/PAT1 (the kinesin light chain-related protein that interacts with APP) functions as a repressor of androgen receptor (AR) transactivation by disrupting AR cytoplasmic-to-nuclear shuttling; interaction requires multiple domains within ARA67/PAT1. Yeast two-hybrid screening; co-immunoprecipitation; AR transactivation reporter assay; cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling assay Molecular and cellular biology Medium 14729952
2006 PAT-1 (Slc26a6, SLC36A1 in the SLC26 nomenclature used by this paper) is the predominant apical Cl−/HCO3− and SO42−/HCO3− exchanger in the upper villus epithelium of murine duodenum; its absence reduces basal Cl−/HCO3− exchange by 65–80% and eliminates SO42−/HCO3− exchange. Knockout mouse model; intracellular pH fluorometry (BCECF); anion exchange rate measurements American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology High 17170027

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1996 The ABC transporter proteins Pat1 and Pat2 are required for import of long-chain fatty acids into peroxisomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The EMBO journal 252 8670886
2000 PAT1, a new member of the GRAS family, is involved in phytochrome A signal transduction. Genes & development 222 10817761
2009 Activation of hormone-sensitive lipase requires two steps, protein phosphorylation and binding to the PAT-1 domain of lipid droplet coat proteins. The Journal of biological chemistry 140 19717842
2016 The heterodimeric transcription factor complex ERF115-PAT1 grants regeneration competence. Nature plants 130 27797356
1998 PAT1, a microtubule-interacting protein, recognizes the basolateral sorting signal of amyloid precursor protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113 9843960
2012 Proton-assisted amino acid transporter PAT1 complexes with Rag GTPases and activates TORC1 on late endosomal and lysosomal membranes. PloS one 112 22574197
2008 Taurine uptake across the human intestinal brush-border membrane is via two transporters: H+-coupled PAT1 (SLC36A1) and Na+- and Cl(-)-dependent TauT (SLC6A6). The Journal of physiology 110 19074966
2004 H+/amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1) is the imino acid carrier: An intestinal nutrient/drug transporter in human and rat. Gastroenterology 101 15521011
1997 Introns act post-transcriptionally to increase expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana tryptophan pathway gene PAT1. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 98 9107035
2008 Fructose-induced hypertension: essential role of chloride and fructose absorbing transporters PAT1 and Glut5. Kidney international 95 18496516
2007 Pat1 contains distinct functional domains that promote P-body assembly and activation of decapping. Molecular and cellular biology 90 18086885
2021 GRAS-domain transcription factor PAT1 regulates jasmonic acid biosynthesis in grape cold stress response. Plant physiology 88 33752238
2015 The mRNA decay factor PAT1 functions in a pathway including MAP kinase 4 and immune receptor SUMM2. The EMBO journal 86 25603932
2006 PAT-1 (Slc26a6) is the predominant apical membrane Cl-/HCO3- exchanger in the upper villous epithelium of the murine duodenum. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 84 17170027
2001 Phosphorylation of Mei2 and Ste11 by Pat1 kinase inhibits sexual differentiation via ubiquitin proteolysis and 14-3-3 protein in fission yeast. Developmental cell 83 11702950
2003 Association of the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 gene product with the cellular kinesin light-chain-related protein PAT1 results in the redistribution of both polypeptides. Journal of virology 82 12915535
1991 Synchronized meiosis and recombination in fission yeast: observations with pat1-114 diploid cells. Current genetics 80 1878997
2000 17q23 amplifications in breast cancer involve the PAT1, RAD51C, PS6K, and SIGma1B genes. Cancer research 78 11034073
2013 Structural analysis of the yeast Dhh1-Pat1 complex reveals how Dhh1 engages Pat1, Edc3 and RNA in mutually exclusive interactions. Nucleic acids research 72 23851565
2013 Architecture of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex: a conserved assembly in eukaryotic mRNA turnover. Cell reports 65 24139796
1997 Characterization of the plasmid encoded virulence region pat-1 of phytopathogenic Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI 60 9057325
1996 Pat1: a topoisomerase II-associated protein required for faithful chromosome transmission in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic acids research 57 8972867
1990 The pat1 protein kinase controls transcription of the mating-type genes in fission yeast. The EMBO journal 56 2328719
2019 Pat1 promotes processing body assembly by enhancing the phase separation of the DEAD-box ATPase Dhh1 and RNA. eLife 54 30648970
2010 Distinct functions of maternal and somatic Pat1 protein paralogs. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 53 20826699
1994 Mutations in cyr1 and pat1 reveal pheromone-induced G1 arrest in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Current genetics 53 8001162
2009 Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex: a link between 3' and 5'-ends in mRNA decay? RNA biology 52 19279404
2002 Colocalization of the apical Cl-/HCO3- exchanger PAT1 and gastric H-K-ATPase in stomach parietal cells. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 52 12381535
2004 Meiosis induced by inactivation of Pat1 kinase proceeds with aberrant nuclear positioning of centromeres in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 51 15298676
2007 Identification of PatL1, a human homolog to yeast P body component Pat1. Biochimica et biophysica acta 50 17936923
2006 Deciphering the mechanisms of intestinal imino (and amino) acid transport: the redemption of SLC36A1. Biochimica et biophysica acta 50 17123464
2000 Cpc2, a fission yeast homologue of mammalian RACK1 protein, interacts with Ran1 (Pat1) kinase To regulate cell cycle progression and meiotic development. Molecular and cellular biology 50 10805744
2005 Serotonin, L-tryptophan, and tryptamine are effective inhibitors of the amino acid transport system PAT1. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 49 16126914
2000 Deletion of the PAT1 gene affects translation initiation and suppresses a PAB1 gene deletion in yeast. Molecular and cellular biology 49 10779343
1999 Involvement of the Ca2+-ATPase PAT1 and the contractile vacuole in calcium regulation in Dictyostelium discoideum. Journal of cell science 48 9885293
2003 Substrate recognition by the mammalian proton-dependent amino acid transporter PAT1. Molecular membrane biology 46 12893527
2010 Delta-aminolevulinic acid is a substrate for the amino acid transporter SLC36A1 (hPAT1). British journal of pharmacology 43 20128809
2003 The proton/amino acid cotransporter PAT2 is expressed in neurons with a different subcellular localization than its paralog PAT1. The Journal of biological chemistry 43 14600155
2023 PAT1-type GRAS-domain proteins control regeneration by activating DOF3.4 to drive cell proliferation in Arabidopsis roots. The Plant cell 41 36747478
2017 A unique surface on Pat1 C-terminal domain directly interacts with Dcp2 decapping enzyme and Xrn1 5'-3' mRNA exonuclease in yeast. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 41 29078363
2010 Pat1 proteins: a life in translation, translation repression and mRNA decay. Biochemical Society transactions 41 21118134
2008 Missense mutation in exon 2 of SLC36A1 responsible for champagne dilution in horses. PLoS genetics 41 18802473
2010 Drosophila PAT1 is required for Kinesin-1 to transport cargo and to maximize its motility. Development (Cambridge, England) 40 20630947
2019 SLC36A1-mTORC1 signaling drives acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Science advances 38 31555743
2014 S. pombe TORC1 activates the ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of the meiotic regulator Mei2 in cooperation with Pat1 kinase. Journal of cell science 37 24741065
2012 ATP analog-sensitive Pat1 protein kinase for synchronous fission yeast meiosis at physiological temperature. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 37 22487684
2013 Lsm2 and Lsm3 bridge the interaction of the Lsm1-7 complex with Pat1 for decapping activation. Cell research 35 24247251
2014 Pat1 contributes to the RNA binding activity of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 34 25035297
2018 The Pat1-Lsm Complex Stabilizes ATG mRNA during Nitrogen Starvation-Induced Autophagy. Molecular cell 33 30527663
2004 ARA67/PAT1 functions as a repressor to suppress androgen receptor transactivation. Molecular and cellular biology 33 14729952
2009 Intestinal gaboxadol absorption via PAT1 (SLC36A1): modified absorption in vivo following co-administration of L-tryptophan. British journal of pharmacology 32 19594759
2009 Activation of decapping involves binding of the mRNA and facilitation of the post-binding steps by the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 30 19643916
2009 Parsing apical oxalate exchange in Caco-2BBe1 monolayers: siRNA knockdown of SLC26A6 reveals the role and properties of PAT-1. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 28 20501439
2005 Kinetics of bidirectional H+ and substrate transport by the proton-dependent amino acid symporter PAT1. The Biochemical journal 28 15504109
2005 Identification of homologues to the pathogenicity factor Pat-1, a putative serine protease of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Microbiological research 28 16255147
2003 Lysosomal amino acid transporter LYAAT-1 in the rat central nervous system: an in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical study. The Journal of comparative neurology 28 12761825
2012 Function and expression of the proton-coupled amino acid transporter PAT1 along the rat gastrointestinal tract: implications for intestinal absorption of gaboxadol. British journal of pharmacology 27 22577815
2010 The proton-coupled amino acid transporter, SLC36A1 (hPAT1), transports Gly-Gly, Gly-Sar and other Gly-Gly mimetics. British journal of pharmacology 27 20880398
2018 The Lsm1-7/Pat1 complex binds to stress-activated mRNAs and modulates the response to hyperosmotic shock. PLoS genetics 26 30059503
2015 The Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex promotes viral RNA translation and replication by differential mechanisms. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 23 26092942
2019 Pat1 activates late steps in mRNA decay by multiple mechanisms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 22 31690658
2015 Pat1 protects centromere-specific histone H3 variant Cse4 from Psh1-mediated ubiquitination. Molecular biology of the cell 22 25833709
2012 The conserved P body component HPat/Pat1 negatively regulates synaptic terminal growth at the larval Drosophila neuromuscular junction. Journal of cell science 22 23097047
2011 Interactions between Upf1 and the decapping factors Edc3 and Pat1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PloS one 21 22065998
2005 Indirect regulation of the intestinal H+-coupled amino acid transporter hPAT1 (SLC36A1). Journal of cellular physiology 21 15754324
2011 The Pot1a-associated proteins Tpt1 and Pat1 coordinate telomere protection and length regulation in Tetrahymena. Molecular biology of the cell 20 21900503
2008 Mutational analysis of histidine residues in the human proton-coupled amino acid transporter PAT1. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20 18230330
2013 Structural integrity of centromeric chromatin and faithful chromosome segregation requires Pat1. Genetics 19 23893485
2013 PAT1 (SLC36A1) shows nuclear localization and affects growth of smooth muscle cells from rats. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 19 24222668
2009 The role of N-glycosylation in transport function and surface targeting of the human solute carrier PAT1. FEBS letters 19 19409386
2019 Pat1 RNA-binding proteins: Multitasking shuttling proteins. Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA 18 31231973
2017 Loss of the anion exchanger DRA (Slc26a3), or PAT1 (Slc26a6), alters sulfate transport by the distal ileum and overall sulfate homeostasis. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 18 28526688
2010 Putative anion transporter-1 (Pat-1, Slc26a6) contributes to intracellular pH regulation during H+-dipeptide transport in duodenal villous epithelium. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 18 20150244
2010 Functional activity of Pat-1 (Slc26a6) Cl(−)/HCO₃(−) exchange in the lower villus epithelium of murine duodenum. Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) 18 20969732
2009 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan alters gaboxadol pharmacokinetics in rats: involvement of PAT1 and rOat1 in gaboxadol absorption and elimination. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences 18 19900542
1996 PAT1, an evolutionarily conserved acetyltransferase homologue, is required for multiple steps in the cell cycle. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 18 9077451
2011 P-body components, Dhh1 and Pat1, are involved in tRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic dynamics. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 17 21398402
2014 Synchronized fission yeast meiosis using an ATP analog-sensitive Pat1 protein kinase. Nature protocols 16 24385151
2012 Both Sm-domain and C-terminal extension of Lsm1 are important for the RNA-binding activity of the Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 15 22450758
2004 Truncated Sla1 induces haploid meiosis through the Pat1-Mei2 system in fission yeast. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 15 14745200
2023 The regeneration conferring transcription factor complex ERF115-PAT1 coordinates a wound-induced response in root-knot nematode induced galls. The New phytologist 14 38044565
2020 Pdc2/Pat1 increases the range of decay factors and RNA bound by the Lsm1-7 complex. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 14 32513655
2005 Isolation and function of the amino acid transporter PAT1 (slc36a1) from rabbit and discrimination between transport via PAT1 and system IMINO in renal brush-border membrane vesicles. Molecular membrane biology 14 16373326
2003 Association of uPA, PAT-1, and uPAR in nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) with breast cancer. Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.) 13 12967140
2007 Slc26a6 (PAT1) deletion downregulates the apical Na+/H+ exchanger in the straight segment of the proximal tubule. American journal of nephrology 12 18046080
2023 mRNA decapping activators Pat1 and Dhh1 regulate transcript abundance and translation to tune cellular responses to nutrient availability. Nucleic acids research 11 37439347
2014 The C-terminal domain from S. cerevisiae Pat1 displays two conserved regions involved in decapping factor recruitment. PloS one 11 24830408
2012 Intestinal drug transport via the proton-coupled amino acid transporter PAT1 (SLC36A1) is inhibited by Gly-X(aa) dipeptides. Molecular pharmaceutics 11 22853447
2020 The Arabidopsis thaliana mRNA decay factor PAT1 functions in osmotic stress responses and decaps ABA-responsive genes. FEBS letters 10 33124072
2012 Rectal absorption of vigabatrin, a substrate of the proton coupled amino acid transporter (PAT1, Slc36a1), in rats. Pharmaceutical research 10 22234618
2021 Insights into the Interaction of Lysosomal Amino Acid Transporters SLC38A9 and SLC36A1 Involved in mTORC1 Signaling in C2C12 Cells. Biomolecules 9 34572527
2013 The cellular decapping activators LSm1, Pat1, and Dhh1 control the ratio of subgenomic to genomic Flock House virus RNAs. Journal of virology 9 23536653
2013 The 3' overhangs at Tetrahymena thermophila telomeres are packaged by four proteins, Pot1a, Tpt1, Pat1, and Pat2. Eukaryotic cell 9 24297442
2009 PAT1 induces cell death signal and SET mislocalization into the cytoplasm by increasing APP/APLP2 at the cell surface. Neurobiology of aging 9 19570594
1994 Construction of a YAC library from a Beta vulgaris fragment addition and isolation of a major satellite DNA cluster linked to the beet cyst nematode resistance locus Hs1 (pat-1.). TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik 9 24177891
2023 Analysis of PAT1 subfamily members in the GRAS family of upland cotton and functional characterization of GhSCL13-2A in Verticillium dahliae resistance. Plant cell reports 8 36680639
2015 Roles of mRNA fate modulators Dhh1 and Pat1 in TNRC6-dependent gene silencing recapitulated in yeast. The Journal of biological chemistry 8 25657010
2024 TFE3-SLC36A1 axis promotes resistance to glucose starvation in kidney cancer cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 7 38599381
2015 PAT1 inversely regulates the surface Amyloid Precursor Protein level in mouse primary neurons. BMC neuroscience 7 25880931
2017 Glycosylation affects the stability and subcellular distribution of human PAT1 protein. FEBS letters 6 28117901