Affinage

RRAGD

Ras-related GTP-binding protein D · UniProt Q9NQL2

Length
400 aa
Mass
45.6 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
35 papers in source corpus 18 papers cited in narrative 18 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RRAGD encodes Rag GTPase D, a core component of the lysosomal amino acid–sensing machinery that recruits and activates mTORC1 on the lysosomal surface. RagD forms a heterodimer with RagC, and its GTP-loading state is regulated by the FLCN-FNIP GAP complex; when active, it drives mTORC1-dependent phosphorylation of TFEB/TFE3 transcription factors through a non-canonical branch that is independent of canonical substrates such as S6K, thereby suppressing lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy (PMID:37188688, PMID:39835593). Heterozygous gain-of-function missense mutations in RRAGD constitutively activate this non-canonical mTORC1 pathway and cause ADKH-RRAGD syndrome, characterized by renal tubulopathy (hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, nephrocalcinosis) and dilated cardiomyopathy, phenotypes reversible by mTOR inhibition in zebrafish models (PMID:34607910, PMID:39331021). RRAGD expression is itself transcriptionally regulated by TFE3 (downstream of FLCN loss), MYC, STAT6/IL4 signaling, and multiple non-coding RNAs, and RRAGD levels modulate glycolytic metabolism and cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma and other cancer contexts (PMID:33459596, PMID:33434687, PMID:39910284, PMID:37160972).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 12 steps
  1. 2018 Medium

    Establishing that RRAGD is present on signaling endosomes en route to lysosomes, where it participates in mTORC1 re-tethering and activation, resolved the question of where in the endolysosomal system RagD-mTORC1 interactions occur.

    Evidence Immunofluorescence colocalization, mTORC1 activity assays, and TSC2 dissociation experiments in CAD and HEK293T cells

    PMID:30145926

    Open questions at the time
    • Endosomal versus lysosomal contribution to RagD-mTORC1 activation not quantitatively separated
    • Mechanism by which RRAGD is recruited to endosomes not identified
  2. 2021 High

    Identification of heterozygous missense RRAGD variants as the genetic cause of a multisystem disorder (kidney tubulopathy with cardiomyopathy) established that RagD gain-of-function constitutively activates mTORC1 signaling in human disease, and localized RagD expression to the nephron segments relevant to electrolyte handling.

    Evidence Whole-exome/genome sequencing of patient cohorts, in vitro mTOR activation assays for RRAGD variants, immunolocalization along nephron segments

    PMID:34607910

    Open questions at the time
    • Precise structural basis of gain-of-function mutations not resolved
    • Tissue-specific consequences in the heart versus kidney not mechanistically dissected
  3. 2021 High

    Demonstrating that FLCN loss activates TFE3, which in turn transcriptionally upregulates RRAGD, revealed a feedback circuit in which the GAP controlling RagD activity also governs RagD abundance via TFE3.

    Evidence FLCN/FNIP1/FNIP2 knockout in RPTEC/TERT1 cells with RNA-seq, TFE3 ChIP-seq, and RT-qPCR

    PMID:33459596

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of increased RRAGD transcription on mTORC1 reactivation kinetics not quantified
    • Whether this feedback operates in non-renal tissues is unknown
  4. 2021 Medium

    Showing that MYC upregulates RRAGD and that RRAGD knockdown suppresses aerobic glycolysis in HCC cells positioned RRAGD as an effector linking oncogenic transcription to metabolic reprogramming.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown in HCC cell lines with glucose uptake, lactate, and ECAR measurements; MYC overexpression/knockdown

    PMID:33434687

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RRAGD-driven glycolysis is mTORC1-dependent or involves additional pathways not resolved
    • In vivo HCC models not tested
  5. 2023 High

    Mechanistic dissection revealed that disease-causing RRAGD mutations constitutively activate a non-canonical mTORC1 branch phosphorylating TFEB/TFE3 but not S6K, and this occurs independently of the FLCN GAP, fundamentally redefining how RagD gain-of-function impacts downstream signaling.

    Evidence TFEB/TFE3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation assays in HeLa, HK-2, patient fibroblasts, and iPSC-cardiomyocytes; FLCN knockout controls

    PMID:37188688

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether non-canonical signaling fully explains cardiomyopathy pathogenesis is not established
    • Structural mechanism by which mutant RagD bypasses FLCN is unknown
  6. 2023 Medium

    Upstream transcriptional regulation of the FLCN-FNIP GAP complex by MEF2A/MEF2D and SRC kinase provided a signal-integration layer controlling RagC/D GTPase activation and mTORC1 lysosomal recruitment.

    Evidence ChIP, transcriptional reporter assays, FNIP knockdown/overexpression, SRC phosphorylation site mutagenesis

    PMID:37772772

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct effect on RagD GTP loading not measured
    • Physiological stimuli activating SRC-MEF2D axis upstream of FLCN-FNIP not defined
  7. 2022 Medium

    Identifying miR-99a-5p, miR-144-3p (via lncTUG1 ceRNA), and later miR-302/367 and miR-125b-1-3p as direct regulators of RRAGD 3ʹUTR demonstrated that post-transcriptional control of RRAGD levels tunes mTOR activity in cancer and atherosclerosis contexts.

    Evidence Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirming 3ʹUTR targeting, metabolic (glycolysis, autophagy) and phenotypic readouts in cervical cancer, HCC xenografts, VSMCs, and breast cancer cells

    PMID:35720506 PMID:37160972 PMID:38471617 PMID:40817797

    Open questions at the time
    • Endogenous stoichiometry of miRNA-mediated RRAGD suppression not established
    • Redundancy among multiple RRAGD-targeting miRNAs not addressed
  8. 2024 Medium

    In vivo expression of patient RRAGD variants in zebrafish caused cardiomyopathy reversible by rapamycin, providing the first whole-organism evidence that RagD gain-of-function directly drives cardiac dysfunction through mTOR.

    Evidence Zebrafish embryo cRNA injection, echocardiographic measurements, rapamycin rescue

    PMID:39331021

    Open questions at the time
    • Zebrafish model may not recapitulate mammalian cardiac physiology fully
    • Renal phenotype not modeled in the same system
  9. 2024 Medium

    Discovery that lncARF physically binds RRAGD and inhibits its ubiquitination, thereby activating PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, revealed a protein-level regulatory mechanism governing RagD stability and broadened its signaling output beyond mTORC1.

    Evidence RNA pull-down, RIP, mass spectrometry, ubiquitination assays in vitro and in vivo

    PMID:39214417

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the E3 ligase targeting RRAGD for ubiquitination not determined
    • Whether RRAGD-PI3K/Akt link is direct or mediated by mTORC1 feedback not resolved
  10. 2025 Medium

    The CGAS-STING1 pathway was shown to sequester the FLCN-FNIP complex via lipidated GABARAP on single membranes, abolishing its GAP activity toward RagC/D and releasing TFEB from mTORC1-dependent phosphorylation, connecting innate immune signaling to RagD regulation.

    Evidence GABARAP lipidation assays, FLCN-FNIP sequestration assays, TFEB nuclear translocation imaging

    PMID:39835593

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether CGAS-STING regulation of FLCN-FNIP preferentially affects RagD versus RagC is unclear
    • In vivo relevance in innate immune contexts not tested
  11. 2025 Medium

    IRTKS was identified as a lysosome-localized interaction partner of RRAGD that forms membrane-associated condensates enhancing mTORC1 sensitivity to amino acids, linking phase separation biology to Rag GTPase signaling and liver disease progression.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, lysosomal colocalization imaging, hepatic knockin mouse model with MASLD/HCC phenotyping

    PMID:41575860

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of IRTKS-RRAGD interaction unknown
    • Whether IRTKS affects RagD nucleotide state or simply scaffolds the complex not determined
  12. 2025 Medium

    IL4/STAT6-dependent induction of RRAGD in follicular lymphoma cells, required for mTOR activation and modulated by CREBBP mutations, connected microenvironmental cytokine signaling to Rag GTPase expression in a disease-relevant lymphoid context.

    Evidence RNA-seq, RRAGD siRNA knockdown with mTOR readouts, IL4 stimulation in STAT6-mutant and CREBBP-mutant primary FL cells

    PMID:39910284

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether STAT6 binds RRAGD promoter directly not shown by ChIP
    • Therapeutic targeting of the IL4-RRAGD-mTOR axis in lymphoma not tested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the structural mechanism by which gain-of-function mutations lock RagD in a nucleotide state that bypasses the FLCN GAP, the identity of the E3 ubiquitin ligase(s) controlling RagD turnover, and whether the non-canonical mTORC1-TFEB branch can be selectively targeted therapeutically without affecting canonical mTORC1 signaling.
  • No crystal or cryo-EM structure of disease-mutant RagD in complex with Ragulator/mTORC1
  • E3 ligase for RRAGD ubiquitination unidentified
  • Selective pharmacological tools for non-canonical versus canonical mTORC1 branches lacking

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003924 GTPase activity 4
Localization
GO:0005764 lysosome 4 GO:0005768 endosome 1
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 8 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3 R-HSA-1852241 Organelle biogenesis and maintenance 3
Partners
FLCNFNIP1FNIP2IRTKSRRAGCSLC38A9TFEB
Complex memberships
Rag GTPase heterodimer (RagC-RagD)

Evidence

Reading pass · 18 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2021 Heterozygous missense variants in RRAGD cause constitutive activation of mTORC1 signaling in vitro, establishing that RagD GTPase mediates amino acid signaling to mTORC1, and that its dysregulation leads to kidney tubulopathy (hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, nephrocalcinosis) and dilated cardiomyopathy (ADKH-RRAGD syndrome). RagD expression was confirmed along the mammalian nephron including the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule. Whole-exome/genome sequencing of patient cohort, in vitro functional analyses of RRAGD variants measuring mTOR signaling activation, immunolocalization along nephron segments Journal of the American Society of Nephrology High 34607910
2023 RRAGD auto-activating mutations (causing kidney tubulopathy and cardiomyopathy) constitutively activate a non-canonical mTORC1 signaling branch that specifically phosphorylates TFEB and TFE3 (without affecting canonical substrates like S6K), even in the absence of Folliculin (the GAP responsible for RagC/D activation), thereby inhibiting nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of TFEB/TFE3 and impairing responses to lysosomal and mitochondrial injury. In vitro assays in HeLa and HK-2 cell lines, human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, patient-derived primary fibroblasts; TFEB/TFE3 phosphorylation assays; nuclear translocation imaging; Folliculin knockout controls Nature Communications High 37188688
2018 TFEB-driven endocytosis promotes assembly of MTORC1-containing nutrient-sensing complexes through formation of endosomes that carry RRAGD, the amino acid transporter SLC38A9, and activate AKT; these TFEB-induced signaling endosomes en route to lysosomes are required to dissociate TSC2 and re-tether/activate MTORC1 on endolysosomal membranes. Immunofluorescence colocalization, endocytosis rate assays, MTORC1 activity measurements, TSC2 dissociation assays, overexpression and starvation experiments in CAD and HEK293T cells Autophagy Medium 30145926
2021 Loss of FLCN or its binding partners FNIP1/FNIP2 in human renal tubular epithelial cells activates TFE3, which upregulates RRAGD expression (among other E-box targets including GPNMB), without modifying mTORC1 activity, indicating RRAGD is a transcriptional target of TFE3 downstream of FLCN. FLCN/FNIP1/FNIP2 knockout in RPTEC/TERT1 cells, RNA-seq, TFE3 ChIP-seq, Western blot, RT-qPCR eLife High 33459596
2023 MEF2A and MEF2D transcription factors control the FLCN-FNIP1/2 complex, which acts as a RRAGC-RRAGD GTPase-activating element to promote MTORC1 recruitment to the lysosome and its activation; SRC kinase phosphorylates MEF2D at conserved tyrosine residues to enhance this transcriptional activity and MTORC1 activation. ChIP, transcriptional reporter assays, FNIP1/2 knockdown/overexpression, mTORC1 lysosomal localization imaging, MEF2A/D double depletion, SRC phosphorylation site mutagenesis Autophagy Medium 37772772
2024 Overexpression of RRAGD patient variants (p.S76L and p.P119R) in zebrafish embryos causes decreased ventricular fractional shortening, reduced ejection fraction, and pericardial swelling; these cardiac phenotypes are reversible with rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor), establishing a direct causal role of RRAGD gain-of-function mutations in cardiomyopathy through mTOR signaling. Zebrafish embryo cRNA injection model, echocardiographic measurements (fractional shortening, ejection fraction), rapamycin rescue experiment, survival analysis American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology Medium 39331021
2025 Novel RRAGD variants p.(Ser77Phe) and p.(Ile100Arg) cause constitutive activation of non-canonical mTORC1 signaling, confirmed by in vitro mTORC1 activity assays; dapagliflozin (SGLT2 inhibitor) treatment in patients with the p.(Thr97Pro) variant increased serum magnesium levels, providing functional evidence linking RRAGD-mTORC1 activity to renal magnesium handling. In vitro mTORC1 activity assays for novel variants, clinical evaluation of diuretic and SGLT2 inhibitor treatment in ADKH-RRAGD patients Kidney International Reports Medium 41141537
2025 LINC00622 lncRNA associates with and recruits transcription factor BTF3 to the RRAGD promoter, transcriptionally enhancing RRAGD expression, which activates mTORC1 and inhibits autophagic cell death in cutaneous melanoma. RNA immunoprecipitation, ChIP, RRAGD promoter reporter assays, LINC00622 knockdown/overexpression with mTORC1 activity readouts and autophagy flux assays Cell Death & Disease Medium 40651979
2022 miR-99a-5p directly targets the 3'UTR of RRAGD mRNA (confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay), negatively regulating RRAGD expression; overexpression of miR-99a-5p inhibits glycolysis (reduced glucose uptake, lactate production, extracellular acidification rate) and induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells by suppressing RRAGD. Dual luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR, Western blot, MTT assay, flow cytometry, Seahorse XFe96 extracellular flux analysis, shRNA knockdown Oncology Letters Medium 35720506
2024 miR-125b-1-3p directly targets RRAGD, and its overexpression suppresses the RRAGD/mTOR/ULK1 signaling axis, enhancing autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells, reducing lipid uptake and foam cell formation, and decreasing atherosclerotic plaque development in mice. miR-125b-1-3p overexpression in vivo (mice) and in vitro (VSMCs), RRAGD 3'UTR targeting assay (implied interaction), mTOR/ULK1 pathway analysis, autophagy flux assays, atherosclerosis plaque quantification Cellular Signalling Medium 38471617
2021 RRAGD knockdown in HCC cell lines reduces glucose uptake, lactate production, and extracellular acidification rate, and inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migration; MYC oncogene upregulates RRAGD expression in HCC cells, placing RRAGD downstream of MYC in promoting aerobic glycolysis. shRNA knockdown of RRAGD in Huh-7 and HepG2 cells, glucose uptake colorimetric assay, lactate assay, ECAR measurement, Western blot, RT-qPCR for MYC-RRAGD relationship Annals of Hepatology Medium 33434687
2023 LncTUG1 acts as a ceRNA sponge for miR-144-3p, relieving miR-144-3p-mediated suppression of RRAGD (miR-144-3p binds 3'UTR of RRAGD mRNA), thereby activating mTOR/S6K pathway and promoting HCC progression; validated in xenograft mouse models showing decreased p-mTOR, p-S6K, and RRAGD upon LncTUG1 knockdown. Dual luciferase reporter assay for miR-144-3p/RRAGD 3'UTR interaction, rescue experiments with mTOR pathway inhibitors/activators, xenograft nude mouse models, qRT-PCR, Western blot Scientific Reports Medium 37160972
2025 IRTKS forms lysosome-localized membrane-associated condensates that selectively interact with RRAGD (a key upstream regulator of mTORC1), enhancing the sensitivity of mTORC1 to free amino acids; IRTKS-mediated mTORC1 hyperactivation in hepatic knockin mice promotes MASLD and HCC progression. Phospho-antibody array screening, co-immunoprecipitation/interaction assay between IRTKS and RRAGD, lysosomal localization imaging, Irtks hepatic knockin mouse model, mTOR activity assays Cell Reports Medium 41575860
2025 The CGAS-STING1 pathway activates lysosome biogenesis through lipidated GABARAP on single membranes (regulated by V-ATPase-ATG16L1 axis), which sequesters the FLCN-FNIP complex to abolish its GAP function toward RRAGC and RRAGD, leading to impaired MTORC1-dependent phosphorylation of TFEB and its subsequent nuclear translocation. GABARAP lipidation assays, FLCN-FNIP complex sequestration assays, MTORC1 substrate phosphorylation measurements, TFEB nuclear translocation imaging, V-ATPase-ATG16L1 axis dissection Autophagy Medium 39835593
2025 The miR-302/367 cluster directly targets RRAGD 3'UTR (validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay), and its overexpression in breast cancer cell lines reduces RRAGD transcript and protein levels, contributing to broad suppression of mTOR pathway activity. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR, Western blot in SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231 cells after miR-302/367 vector transfection FASEB Journal Low 40817797
2025 RRAGD co-localizes with lysosomal marker LAMP1 and lysosomal regeneration transcription factor TFEB, indicating lysosomal targeting; engineered extracellular vesicles encapsulating RRAGD protein ameliorated lysosomal dysfunction and suppressed apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells in vitro and in vivo. Immunofluorescence colocalization with LAMP1 and TFEB, Fc-TRIM21 engineered EV loading, in vitro and in vivo (intervertebral disc) functional assays Journal of Nanobiotechnology Low 41076529
2025 IL4 treatment induces RRAGD expression in follicular lymphoma cells in a STAT6-dependent manner; RRAGD is required for mTOR activation in lymphoma cells, and IL4-enhanced BCR signaling-induced mTOR activation is augmented by mutant STAT6 and reduced by CREBBP mutants through modulation of RRAGD expression. RNA-seq gene expression, RRAGD siRNA knockdown with mTOR activity measurement, IL4 stimulation experiments, STAT6 mutant and CREBBP mutant primary FL cells Leukemia Medium 39910284
2024 lncARF physically binds to RRAGD protein and inhibits its ubiquitination, thereby activating PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways downstream of RRAGD; lncARF knockdown decreased atherosclerotic lesion formation by promoting autophagy. Mass spectrometry, RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), ubiquitination assays, lncARF knockdown in vivo and in vitro, PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathway activity measurements Journal of Advanced Research Medium 39214417

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 35 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2020 Multi-Omics Characterization of the 4T1 Murine Mammary Gland Tumor Model. Frontiers in oncology 167 32793490
2018 TFEB-driven endocytosis coordinates MTORC1 signaling and autophagy. Autophagy 135 30145926
2012 Identification and association analysis of several hundred single nucleotide polymorphisms within candidate genes for back fat thickness in Italian Large White pigs using a selective genotyping approach. Journal of animal science 56 22367074
2020 Integrated analysis of lymphocyte infiltration-associated lncRNA for ovarian cancer via TCGA, GTEx and GEO datasets. PeerJ 52 32419983
2021 mTOR-Activating Mutations in RRAGD Are Causative for Kidney Tubulopathy and Cardiomyopathy. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN 47 34607910
2011 Variants in ZNF365 isoform D are associated with Crohn's disease. Gut 23 21257989
2021 Loss of FLCN-FNIP1/2 induces a non-canonical interferon response in human renal tubular epithelial cells. eLife 18 33459596
2016 Biotinylation: a novel posttranslational modification linking cell autonomous circadian clocks with metabolism. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 18 27084392
2023 RagD auto-activating mutations impair MiT/TFE activity in kidney tubulopathy and cardiomyopathy syndrome. Nature communications 16 37188688
2022 miR-99a-5p inhibits glycolysis and induces cell apoptosis in cervical cancer by targeting RRAGD. Oncology letters 16 35720506
2023 Direct regulation of FNIP1 and FNIP2 by MEF2 sustains MTORC1 activation and tumor progression in pancreatic cancer. Autophagy 11 37772772
2011 Genome-wide approach to identify novel candidate genes for beta blocker response in heart failure using an experimental model. Discovery medicine 11 21524389
2021 Ras related GTP binding D promotes aerobic glycolysis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Annals of hepatology 10 33434687
2022 Identification of autophagy-related biomarker and analysis of immune infiltrates in oral carcinoma. Journal of clinical laboratory analysis 9 35421271
2024 microRNA-125b-1-3p mediates autophagy via the RRAGD/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway and mitigates atherosclerosis progression. Cellular signalling 8 38471617
2024 Diagnostic yield of exome and genome sequencing after non-diagnostic multi-gene panels in patients with single-system diseases. Orphanet journal of rare diseases 5 38790019
2024 RRAGD-Associated Autosomal Dominant Kidney Hypomagnesemia with Cardiomyopathy: A Review on the Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Options. Kidney & blood pressure research 5 38901414
2023 LncTUG1 contributes to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the miR-144-3p/RRAGD axis and mTOR/S6K pathway. Scientific reports 5 37160972
2025 Transcriptome Remodeling and Adaptive Preservation of Muscle Protein Content in Hibernating Black Bears. Ecology and evolution 4 40584666
2024 Novel long noncoding lncARF mediated hyperhomocysteinemia-induced atherosclerosis via autophagy inhibition in foam cells. Journal of advanced research 4 39214417
2025 STAT6 mutations compensate for CREBBP mutations and hyperactivate IL4/STAT6/RRAGD/mTOR signaling in follicular lymphoma. Leukemia 3 39910284
2024 RRAGD variants cause cardiac dysfunction in a zebrafish model. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 3 39331021
2022 An approach combining bioinformatics and machine learning to identify eight autophagy-related biomarkers and construct molecular mechanisms underlying COVID-19 and major depressive disorders. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 3 36394763
2025 The Effect of Valine on the Synthesis of α-Casein in MAC-T Cells and the Expression and Phosphorylation of Genes Related to the mTOR Signaling Pathway. International journal of molecular sciences 2 40243924
2025 Customized extracellular vesicles targeting lysosomal biogenesis deliver therapeutic cargo for intervertebral disc degeneration treatment. Journal of nanobiotechnology 2 41076529
2022 Identification of miRNA-mRNA-TF regulatory networks in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of type 1 diabetes. BMC endocrine disorders 2 35534828
2026 Lysosome-localized IRTKS condensates promote mTORC1 activity leading to MASLD and HCC. Cell reports 1 41575860
2025 Transcriptome remodeling and adaptive preservation of muscle protein content in hibernating black bears. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 1 40166218
2025 LINC00622 transcriptionally promotes RRAGD to repress mTORC1-modulated autophagic cell death by associating with BTF3 in cutaneous melanoma. Cell death & disease 1 40651979
2025 Suppression of mTOR Signaling by miR-302/367 Cluster in Breast Cancer Cells. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 1 40817797
2025 Novel RRAGD Variants in Autosomal Dominant Kidney Hypomagnesemia and Therapeutic Perspectives. Kidney international reports 1 41141537
2024 Exploration of the Regulatory Network of Programmed Cell Death Genes in Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Blood-Derived circRNA Transcriptome Information and Single-Cell Multi-omics Data. Biochemical genetics 1 39656402
2026 Autophagic molecular network in IS pathogenesis: A multi-omics Mendelian randomization study. Medicine 0 41578456
2025 Induction of lysosome biogenesis is a novel function of the CGAS-STING1 pathway. Autophagy 0 39835593
2025 Regenerative growth in Eriocheir sinensis is driven by Slc7a5-TORC1-regulated cell signaling. Developmental biology 0 40505941