Affinage

SLC30A2

Proton-coupled zinc antiporter SLC30A2 · UniProt Q9BRI3

Length
372 aa
Mass
40.6 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
38 papers in source corpus 23 papers cited in narrative 23 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

SLC30A2 (ZnT2) is a proton-coupled zinc antiporter that sequesters cytoplasmic zinc into acidic vesicular compartments—including endosomes/lysosomes, secretory vesicles, zymogen granules, Paneth cell granules, mast cell granules, and mitochondria—thereby controlling intracellular zinc distribution and enabling zinc-dependent secretory and innate immune functions (PMID:8617223, PMID:17065149, PMID:20133611, PMID:28174721, PMID:31346193). ZnT2 operates as an electroneutral 2H⁺/Zn²⁺ antiporter driven by the vesicular proton gradient, uses an alternating-access mechanism, and functions as a homodimer whose disruption by missense mutations (e.g., W152R, G87R, H54R) causes dominant-negative loss of zinc transport and defective breast-milk zinc secretion (PMID:30893306, PMID:22733820, PMID:23741301, PMID:17065149). Its subcellular trafficking is dynamically regulated: prolactin-driven ubiquitination at K4/K6 stimulates vesicular zinc accumulation and subsequent protein turnover, while TNFα-induced dephosphorylation of S296 exposes a dileucine motif recognized by AP-3 to redirect ZnT2 to lysosomes, where it promotes V-ATPase assembly, lysosome biogenesis, and lysosomal-mediated cell death critical for mammary gland involution (PMID:25016022, PMID:25808614, PMID:29718697, PMID:25620235). Beyond lactation, ZnT2 is required for Paneth cell granule zinc loading and antimicrobial function, mast cell zinc release for GPR39-dependent wound healing, and colonocyte innate immune signaling through TLR4/NF-κB and bacterial-induced autophagy (PMID:28174721, PMID:31346193, PMID:36232769).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 14 steps
  1. 1996 High

    Identification of ZnT2 as a novel vesicular zinc transporter distinct from plasma-membrane ZnT1 established that mammalian cells use dedicated transporters to sequester zinc into acidic endosomal/lysosomal compartments for detoxification.

    Evidence cDNA complementation cloning in zinc-sensitive BHK cells with zinquin imaging, LysoTracker staining, and subcellular fractionation

    PMID:8617223

    Open questions at the time
    • Transport mechanism (energetics, stoichiometry) unknown
    • Physiological tissue expression and in vivo function not established
    • No structural information
  2. 2006 High

    Discovery that ZnT2 mutations (H54R) and knockdown impair zinc secretion into breast milk linked ZnT2 to a physiological secretory function and explained cases of transient neonatal zinc deficiency.

    Evidence Genomic sequencing of affected mother, siRNA knockdown and mutant expression in mammary epithelial cells with zinc secretion and localization assays

    PMID:17065149

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of ZnT2 targeting to secretory vesicles undefined
    • Whether ZnT2 functions as monomer or oligomer unknown
    • Other tissue-specific roles not explored
  3. 2007 Medium

    Demonstrating that ZnT2 overexpression restores vesicular zinc in AP-3-deficient cells showed that ZnT2 can accumulate zinc in lysosomes independently of AP-3-dependent trafficking.

    Evidence GFP-ZnT2 overexpression with zinquin imaging and AP-3 siRNA knockdown in fibroblasts

    PMID:17349999

    Open questions at the time
    • Overexpression system may bypass normal trafficking requirements
    • Endogenous ZnT2 trafficking not assessed
    • Mechanism of AP-3-independent lysosomal targeting unknown
  4. 2009 High

    Identification of two ZnT2 splice isoforms with distinct localizations (vesicular vs. plasma membrane) revealed that alternative splicing diversifies ZnT2 function, while prolactin/JAK2/STAT5 signaling was established as the transcriptional driver of ZnT2 expression during lactation.

    Evidence HA-tagged isoform expression with localization and transport assays; luciferase reporter with JAK2 inhibitor, dominant-negative STAT5, mutagenesis of GAS elements, and ChIP

    PMID:19494234 PMID:19496757

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of each isoform to mammary zinc secretion in vivo unknown
    • Post-translational regulation not yet addressed
    • Plasma membrane isoform's physiological relevance unclear
  5. 2010 High

    Localization of ZnT2 to zymogen granules in pancreatic acinar cells expanded its role beyond lactation to exocrine secretory zinc loading, and disease-associated SNPs (L23P, R340C) were shown to mislocalize ZnT2 and alter zinc compartmentalization.

    Evidence IF and sucrose gradient fractionation in acinar cells; siRNA knockdown; SNP variant expression with zinc imaging and secretion assays

    PMID:20133611 PMID:20858712

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo pancreatic consequences of ZnT2 loss not tested
    • Whether SNP-associated phenotypes manifest clinically beyond lactation unclear
    • Structural basis for mislocalization not resolved
  6. 2011 High

    ZnT2 was shown to localize to the inner mitochondrial membrane via an N-terminal histidine-rich motif (51HHXH54), where it imports zinc to modulate ATP biogenesis and apoptosis, revealing a second organellar target beyond vesicles.

    Evidence Confocal microscopy with truncation/point mutants, mitochondrial fractionation, zinc uptake and ATP assays in mammary cells

    PMID:21289295

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological regulation of mitochondrial vs. vesicular targeting unresolved
    • Whether mitochondrial zinc import is a primary or stress-responsive function unclear
    • Interaction partners at mitochondria not identified
  7. 2012 High

    The G87R mutation demonstrated that ZnT2 functions as a homodimer and that dominant-negative disruption through dimerization with wild-type protein is a disease mechanism, while subsequent W152R and S296L compound heterozygosity confirmed that both transport activity and dimer stability are required for function.

    Evidence Co-IP of WT/mutant ZnT2 pairs, 3D homology modeling, zinc transport and secretion assays in HC11/MCF-7 cells; DT40 cell transport and dimerization assays

    PMID:22733820 PMID:23741301

    Open questions at the time
    • Atomic-resolution structure of ZnT2 dimer unavailable
    • Stoichiometry of the dimer not formally established
    • Whether higher-order oligomers form in vivo unknown
  8. 2014 High

    Prolactin was found to post-translationally stimulate ubiquitination of ZnT2 at K4/K6, which first enhances vesicular zinc accumulation and secretion then triggers protein degradation, revealing a biphasic regulatory mechanism coupling secretory output to transporter turnover.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis of K4/K6, ubiquitination assays, zinc secretion and degradation assays in mammary epithelial cells

    PMID:25016022

    Open questions at the time
    • E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible not identified
    • Whether ubiquitination directly activates transport or acts through conformational change unknown
    • Proteasomal vs. lysosomal degradation pathway not distinguished
  9. 2015 High

    TNFα-induced dephosphorylation of S296 was shown to expose a dileucine motif recognized by AP-3, redirecting ZnT2 to lysosomes and triggering lysosomal-mediated cell death; in vivo, this mechanism drives early mammary gland involution, establishing ZnT2 as a regulated effector of programmed tissue remodeling.

    Evidence Dileucine motif mutagenesis, phospho/dephospho-mimetics, AP-3 co-IP, lysosomal zinc measurement, in vivo adenoviral ZnT2 expression and TNFα injection in mammary fat pads, ZnT2-null mice

    PMID:25620235 PMID:25808614

    Open questions at the time
    • Phosphatase responsible for S296 dephosphorylation not identified
    • How TNFα signaling specifically targets S296 mechanistically unknown
    • Whether LCD mechanism operates in non-mammary tissues not tested
  10. 2015 High

    ZnT2-null mice revealed that ZnT2 is essential for mammary gland architecture, alveolar development, STAT5 activation, and milk composition, demonstrating that ZnT2 has developmental roles beyond acute zinc secretion.

    Evidence ZnT2-null mouse model with histology, morphometry, STAT5 activation, and milk composition analysis

    PMID:25851903

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether developmental defects reflect zinc-dependent signaling or structural zinc roles unclear
    • Contribution of macrophage ZnT2 vs. epithelial ZnT2 not dissected
    • Reversibility of developmental defects not tested
  11. 2016 High

    ZnT2 localization to Paneth cell granule membranes and its requirement for granule zinc content, lysozyme activity, and antimicrobial defense established ZnT2 as essential for intestinal innate immunity.

    Evidence ZnT2-null mice with electron microscopy, zinc fluorescence, lysozyme activity, bactericidal assays, and 16S rRNA microbiota sequencing

    PMID:28174721

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether Paneth cell defects are cell-autonomous not formally demonstrated
    • Zinc-dependent regulation of granule biogenesis vs. maturation not distinguished
    • Interaction with other Paneth cell zinc transporters not explored
  12. 2018 High

    ZnT2 was found to promote V-ATPase assembly on lysosomes and to be required for TNFα-stimulated lysosome biogenesis and acidification, mechanistically linking zinc import to fundamental lysosomal function beyond simple zinc storage.

    Evidence ZnT2-null mice, V-ATPase assembly assay, lysosome size/abundance quantification, TNFα stimulation with ZnT2 attenuation in MECs

    PMID:29718697

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism by which luminal zinc promotes V-ATPase assembly unknown
    • Whether this applies to all cell types or is mammary-specific not tested
    • Direct physical interaction between ZnT2 and V-ATPase subunits not demonstrated
  13. 2019 Medium

    Establishing ZnT2 as an electroneutral 2H⁺/Zn²⁺ antiporter using an alternating-access mechanism resolved how ZnT2 harnesses the vesicular proton gradient for zinc import, and mast cell ZnT2-dependent zinc release was linked to GPR39-IL-6-mediated wound healing.

    Evidence Computational energy calculations with bafilomycin A1 inhibition and Lyso-pHluorin pH measurement; ZnT2-deficient mast cells and wound healing in GPR39/IL-6 KO mice

    PMID:30388104 PMID:30893306 PMID:31346193

    Open questions at the time
    • 2H⁺/Zn²⁺ stoichiometry inferred primarily from computational modeling, not direct electrophysiology
    • Alternating-access model based on homology, not experimental ZnT2 structure
    • Whether mast cell zinc release is exclusively ZnT2-dependent not established
  14. 2022 Medium

    ZnT2 was shown to be required in colonocytes for TLR4 expression, NF-κB signaling, cytokine production, lysosome biogenesis, and bacterial-induced autophagy, extending its innate immune role from Paneth cells to colonic epithelium.

    Evidence ZnT2 knockdown/KO in HT29 colonocytes, ZnT2-null mice infected with C. rodentium, TLR4/NF-κB/cytokine and autophagy assays

    PMID:36232769

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking vesicular zinc to TLR4 transcription/stability not defined
    • Single lab finding in one infection model
    • Contribution of ZnT2 in immune cells vs. epithelial cells not separated

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key unresolved questions include the atomic structure of the ZnT2 homodimer, the identity of the E3 ligase and phosphatase governing its post-translational regulation, the molecular mechanism by which luminal zinc promotes V-ATPase assembly, and whether ZnT2's lysosomal cell-death function operates in tissues beyond the mammary gland.
  • No experimental atomic structure of ZnT2
  • E3 ligase for K4/K6 ubiquitination unidentified
  • Phosphatase for S296 dephosphorylation unidentified
  • LCD mechanism tested only in mammary tissue

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005215 transporter activity 7 GO:0140657 ATP-dependent activity 1
Localization
GO:0005764 lysosome 7 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 4 GO:0005768 endosome 3 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 1 GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus 1 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 1
Pathway
R-HSA-382551 Transport of small molecules 5 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 3 R-HSA-1852241 Organelle biogenesis and maintenance 2 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 2
Partners
AP-3GPR39STAT5V-ATPASE
Complex memberships
ZnT2 homodimer

Evidence

Reading pass · 23 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1996 ZnT2 (SLC30A2) is a vesicular zinc transporter with six membrane-spanning domains and a histidine-rich intracellular loop that localizes to acidic endosomal/lysosomal vesicles and protects cells from zinc toxicity by sequestering zinc into these compartments, unlike ZnT-1 which is at the plasma membrane and stimulates zinc efflux. cDNA complementation cloning in zinc-sensitive BHK cells, zinquin fluorescence imaging, acridine orange/LysoTracker staining for acidic compartments, subcellular fractionation The EMBO journal High 8617223
2006 A missense mutation H54R in SLC30A2/ZnT2 causes reduced zinc secretion into breast milk by causing perinuclear aggresomal accumulation of the protein rather than correct localization to secretory vesicles; ZnT2 knockdown in mammary epithelial cells also reduces zinc secretion, establishing ZnT2's role in mammary zinc secretion. Genomic sequencing, gene knockdown (siRNA) in mammary epithelial cells, transient transfection of mutant in HEK-293 cells, zinc secretion assay, immunofluorescence localization The Journal of biological chemistry High 17065149
2009 Two distinct human ZnT2 isoforms (~42 kDa and ~35 kDa) arise from alternative splicing of SLC30A2: the 42 kDa isoform localizes to endosomal/secretory vesicles and increases zinc vesicularization, while the 35 kDa isoform associates with the plasma membrane; both isoforms are functionally capable of zinc transport. Expression of HA-tagged ZnT2 isoforms, immunofluorescence localization, zinc transport assays, Western blot The Biochemical journal Medium 19496757
2009 Prolactin transcriptionally upregulates ZnT2 expression in mammary epithelial cells through the JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway; two STAT5 binding sites (GAS1 and GAS2) in the ZnT2 promoter are required, with the proximal GAS2 element playing the dominant role as confirmed by mutagenesis and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Luciferase reporter assay, JAK2 inhibitor (AG490) treatment, dominant-negative STAT5 expression, site-directed mutagenesis of GAS elements, gel shift assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation American journal of physiology. Cell physiology High 19494234
2010 ZnT2 is localized to zymogen granules in pancreatic acinar cells and mediates zinc import into these granules; ZnT2 expression is regulated by a MRE element (zinc/MTF-1) and two upstream STAT5 binding sites requiring glucocorticoid receptor for dexamethasone responsiveness; ZnT2 knockdown increases cytoplasmic zinc and decreases zymogen granule zinc. Immunofluorescence and sucrose gradient fractionation, siRNA knockdown, ZnT2 promoter luciferase analysis, zinc fluorophore measurement in AR42J acinar cells and intact mice Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 20133611
2010 Two SNPs in SLC30A2 (Leu23Pro/SNP1 and Arg340Cys/SNP2) alter ZnT2 subcellular localization and zinc handling: SNP1 mislocalizes to lysosomes and abrogates zinc secretion with increased lysosomal zinc accumulation, while SNP2 mislocalizes to the Golgi and causes cytoplasmic zinc pool expansion, ROS elevation, and increased zinc efflux. Expression of SNP variants in cells, FluoZin-3 fluorescence for zinc localization, immunofluorescence, zinc secretion assay, ROS measurement Physiological genomics Medium 20858712
2011 ZnT2 is associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane and functions as a zinc importer into mitochondria in mammary cells; a histidine-rich motif (51HHXH54) in the NH2-terminus is required for mitochondrial targeting, and ZnT2-mediated mitochondrial zinc import reduces ATP biogenesis and mitochondrial oxidation while increasing apoptosis. Confocal microscopy with truncation and point mutants of ZnT2-GFP fusion proteins, mitochondrial fractionation, zinc uptake assays, ZnT2 attenuation, ATP measurement American journal of physiology. Cell physiology High 21289295
2011 ZnT2 overexpression in MT-null malignant breast tumor cells sequesters zinc into intracellular vesicles; ZnT2 suppression increases cytoplasmic zinc, generates ROS, causes lysosomal swelling and cathepsin D leakage, and activates caspase-independent apoptosis, reducing tumor cell viability and tumor formation. siRNA knockdown, 4X-MRE luciferase reporter for cytoplasmic zinc, ROS measurement, lysosomal integrity assay, cell viability and tumor formation assays Cancer letters Medium 21353385
2012 A novel heterozygous G87R mutation in ZnT2 causes ER-Golgi retention of the protein rather than its normal localization to secretory vesicles, decreases protein stability, impairs zinc transport (vesicular accumulation, secretion, cytoplasmic zinc buffering), and acts as a dominant negative over wild-type ZnT2 through homodimerization as shown by immunoprecipitation. Transient transfection in HC11/MCF-7 cells, immunofluorescence, Western blot, 3D homology modeling, vesicular zinc accumulation assay, zinc secretion assay, co-immunoprecipitation, co-transfection with WT ZnT2 The Journal of biological chemistry High 22733820
2013 The W152R mutation in ZnT2 abolishes both zinc transport activity and the ability to form a dimer complex, while the S296L mutation retains zinc transport and dimerization but is extremely destabilized; compound heterozygosity of these two mutations causes near-complete loss of zinc secretion into breast milk. Cell-based zinc transport assay in zinc-sensitive DT40 cells, dimerization assay, protein stability assessment, Sanger sequencing PloS one Medium 23741301
2014 Prolactin post-translationally stimulates ubiquitination of ZnT2 at N-terminal lysine residues K4 and K6, which augments vesicular zinc accumulation and secretion transiently, then triggers ubiquitin-dependent ZnT2 degradation to downregulate zinc secretion; mutagenesis of K4 and K6 (K4R/K6R) inhibits ubiquitination, vesicular zinc accumulation, secretion, and protein degradation. Ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (K4R, K6R), vesicular zinc accumulation assay, zinc secretion assay, protein stability/degradation assay, immunofluorescence The Journal of biological chemistry High 25016022
2015 ZnT2-null mice have profound defects in mammary gland architecture, reduced alveoli, impaired Stat5 activation, unpolarized MECs, reduced milk volume, and milk with less protein, fat, and lactose; ZnT2 is expressed in MECs and macrophages of the nulliparous mammary gland and ZnT2 loss impairs mammary expansion during development. ZnT2-null mouse model, immunofluorescence, histology, milk composition analysis, Stat5 activation assay, mammary gland morphometry The Journal of biological chemistry High 25851903
2015 TNFα post-translationally dephosphorylates ZnT2 at S296 to uncover a conserved dileucine motif (L294L) in the C-terminus, which allows adaptor protein complex-3 (AP-3) to bind and traffic ZnT2 from late endosomes to lysosomes, increasing lysosomal zinc and activating lysosomal-mediated cell death; mutation L294V blocks AP-3 binding, lysosomal targeting, and cell death. Confocal microscopy, dileucine motif mutagenesis (L294V), phospho- and dephospho-mimetics at T281/T288/S296, co-immunoprecipitation of AP-3 with WT vs. mutant ZnT2, lysosomal zinc measurement (FluoZin-3), cell death assay Journal of cellular physiology High 25808614
2015 ZnT2-mediated lysosomal-mediated cell death (LCD) is a critical mediator of early mammary gland involution; following weaning, ZnT2 accumulates in lysosomes and mitochondria with corresponding zinc accumulation; TNFα redistributes ZnT2 to lysosomes, increasing lysosomal zinc, lysosomal swelling, cathepsin B release, and LCD; adenoviral ZnT2 overexpression in vivo activates LCD and apoptosis. ZnT2-null and WT mice, adenoviral ZnT2 expression in vivo, TNFα injection in mammary fat pads, immunofluorescence/fractionation for organelle localization, lysosomal zinc measurement, cathepsin B release assay, cell death assay Scientific reports High 25620235
2016 ZnT2 localizes to the membrane of Paneth cell granules and is required for zinc import into these granules; ZnT2 knockout mice show spontaneous degranulation, hypodense secretory granules with less active lysozyme, autophagosome accumulation, altered gut microbiota, impaired granule secretion, increased inflammatory response, reduced bactericidal activity, and increased susceptibility to oxidant-induced cell death. Immunofluorescence, sucrose gradient fractionation, electron microscopy, Zinpyr-1 zinc fluorescence, 16S rRNA sequencing for microbiota, lysozyme activity assay, bactericidal assay, ZnT2-null mouse model Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology High 28174721
2018 ZnT2 promotes lysosome biogenesis and acidification by enabling assembly of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) on lysosomes; ZnT2-null mice have impaired alveolar regression and reduced phosphorylated Stat3 during involution, with decreased lysosome abundance and size; TNFα-induced lysosome biogenesis and acidification in MECs requires ZnT2, independent of cytoplasmic zinc accumulation. ZnT2-null mouse model, immunofluorescence, lysosome size/abundance quantification, V-ATPase assembly assay, TNFα stimulation with ZnT2 attenuation, Stat3 phosphorylation assay American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology High 29718697
2018 The T288S variant of ZnT2 leads to hyperphosphorylation that retains ZnT2 in the ER and lysosomes, increasing ER and lysosomal zinc accumulation, ER stress, ROS generation, STAT3 activation, and decreased zona occludens-1 abundance with increased tight junction permeability in mammary epithelial cells. Functional studies in vitro with phosphomimetics, immunofluorescence for ER/lysosome localization, ER stress markers in breast milk and cells, ROS measurement, STAT3 activation assay, tight junction permeability assay Scientific reports Medium 29476070
2019 ZnT2 functions as an electroneutral proton-coupled zinc antiporter with an apparent stoichiometry of 2H+/Zn2+; bafilomycin A1 (V-ATPase inhibitor that alkalizes vesicles) abolishes ZnT2-dependent vesicular zinc transport; ZnT2 overexpression with exogenous zinc causes vesicular pH alkalization (consistent with proton extrusion during zinc import), reversed by zinc chelator TPEN. Computational energy calculations, functional zinc transport assays with bafilomycin A1 inhibition, LysoTracker Red and Lyso-pHluorin pH measurement, TPEN zinc chelation PLoS computational biology Medium 30893306
2019 ZnT2 is required for release of zinc from mast cell granules; zinc released from mast cells signals through GPR39 to induce IL-6 production from skin fibroblasts, promoting wound healing; wound healing is impaired in mice lacking IL-6 or GPR39. ZnT2-deficient mast cells, wound healing assay in IL-6 and GPR39 knockout mice, cytokine measurement, GPR39 signaling pathway analysis Scientific reports Medium 31346193
2018 Computational multiscale modeling identified key residues in the zinc permeation pathway of ZnT2; an alternating-access mechanism was proposed for zinc translocation, and predicted residues were functionally validated by site-directed mutagenesis of ZnT2. Coarse-grained modeling, energy calculations, Monte Carlo simulation, site-directed mutagenesis of ZnT2 with functional zinc transport assay PLoS computational biology Medium 30388104
2022 In colonocytes, ZnT2 transports zinc into vesicles to buffer cytoplasmic zinc pools, which is required for TLR4 expression, NF-κB translocation, and cytokine expression upon pathogen stimulation; ZnT2 is also critical for lysosome biogenesis and bacterial-induced autophagy in host defense; ZnT2-null mice have altered colonic responses to Citrobacter rodentium infection. ZnT2 knockdown/KO in HT29 colonocytes, ZnT2-null mouse model with C. rodentium infection, TLR4 expression assay, NF-κB translocation assay, cytokine measurement, lysosome biogenesis quantification, autophagy assay International journal of molecular sciences Medium 36232769
2020 The common Thr288Ser variant in ZnT2 promotes preferential phosphorylation of ZnT2, drives localization to lysosomes, increases lysosome biogenesis and acidification without initiating lysosome-mediated cell death, and significantly reduces cellular ATP levels in mammary epithelial cells. Phosphomimetics in vitro, immunofluorescence for lysosome localization, lysosome biogenesis/acidification assay, ATP measurement, phosphorylation assay American journal of physiology. Cell physiology Medium 32320289
2007 ZnT2 overexpression promotes zinc accumulation in mature lysosomes in fibroblasts and can restore vesicular zinc storage capability in AP-3-deficient cells, demonstrating that ZnT2 facilitates vesicular zinc accumulation independently of AP-3 function. GFP-ZnT2 overexpression, zinquin fluorescence imaging, siRNA knockdown of AP-3, lysosomal zinc quantification in transfected vs. AP-3-deficient cells Experimental cell research Medium 17349999

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 38 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1996 ZnT-2, a mammalian protein that confers resistance to zinc by facilitating vesicular sequestration. The EMBO journal 369 8617223
2006 Identification of a mutation in SLC30A2 (ZnT-2) in women with low milk zinc concentration that results in transient neonatal zinc deficiency. The Journal of biological chemistry 201 17065149
2010 STAT5-glucocorticoid receptor interaction and MTF-1 regulate the expression of ZnT2 (Slc30a2) in pancreatic acinar cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100 20133611
2009 Zinc transporter-2 (ZnT2) variants are localized to distinct subcellular compartments and functionally transport zinc. The Biochemical journal 86 19496757
2012 A dominant negative heterozygous G87R mutation in the zinc transporter, ZnT-2 (SLC30A2), results in transient neonatal zinc deficiency. The Journal of biological chemistry 74 22733820
2013 Compound heterozygous mutations in SLC30A2/ZnT2 results in low milk zinc concentrations: a novel mechanism for zinc deficiency in a breast-fed infant. PloS one 73 23741301
2007 Zinc transporter 2 (SLC30A2) can suppress the vesicular zinc defect of adaptor protein 3-depleted fibroblasts by promoting zinc accumulation in lysosomes. Experimental cell research 61 17349999
2015 Essential Role for Zinc Transporter 2 (ZnT2)-mediated Zinc Transport in Mammary Gland Development and Function during Lactation. The Journal of biological chemistry 60 25851903
2016 ZnT2-Mediated Zinc Import Into Paneth Cell Granules Is Necessary for Coordinated Secretion and Paneth Cell Function in Mice. Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology 57 28174721
2011 ZnT2-overexpression represses the cytotoxic effects of zinc hyper-accumulation in malignant metallothionein-null T47D breast tumor cells. Cancer letters 54 21353385
2011 A histidine-rich motif mediates mitochondrial localization of ZnT2 to modulate mitochondrial function. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 53 21289295
2009 Prolactin regulates ZNT2 expression through the JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway in mammary cells. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 48 19494234
2015 ZnT2 is a critical mediator of lysosomal-mediated cell death during early mammary gland involution. Scientific reports 41 25620235
2019 Mast cells play role in wound healing through the ZnT2/GPR39/IL-6 axis. Scientific reports 39 31346193
2017 The role of the zinc transporter SLC30A2/ZnT2 in transient neonatal zinc deficiency. Metallomics : integrated biometal science 37 28665435
2010 Functional analysis of two single nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC30A2 (ZnT2): implications for mammary gland function and breast disease in women. Physiological genomics 37 20858712
2013 Transient Neonatal Zinc Deficiency Caused by a Heterozygous G87R Mutation in the Zinc Transporter ZnT-2 (SLC30A2) Gene in the Mother Highlighting the Importance of Zn (2+) for Normal Growth and Development. International journal of endocrinology 35 24194756
2016 Novel mutations in SLC30A2 involved in the pathogenesis of transient neonatal zinc deficiency. Pediatric research 34 27304099
2019 ZnT2 is an electroneutral proton-coupled vesicular antiporter displaying an apparent stoichiometry of two protons per zinc ion. PLoS computational biology 30 30893306
2015 Exome Sequencing of SLC30A2 Identifies Novel Loss- and Gain-of-Function Variants Associated with Breast Cell Dysfunction. Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia 26 26293594
2018 ZnT2 is critical for lysosome acidification and biogenesis during mammary gland involution. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology 24 29718697
2014 Transient neonatal zinc deficiency due to a new autosomal dominant mutation in gene SLC30A2 (ZnT-2). Pediatric dermatology 24 24456035
2015 TNFα Post-Translationally Targets ZnT2 to Accumulate Zinc in Lysosomes. Journal of cellular physiology 23 25808614
2013 Prolactin receptor attenuation induces zinc pool redistribution through ZnT2 and decreases invasion in MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells. Experimental cell research 22 24333596
2019 Milk-derived miRNA profiles elucidate molecular pathways that underlie breast dysfunction in women with common genetic variants in SLC30A2. Scientific reports 19 31481661
2018 A genetic variant in SLC30A2 causes breast dysfunction during lactation by inducing ER stress, oxidative stress and epithelial barrier defects. Scientific reports 18 29476070
2012 Polymorphisms of SLC30A2 and selected perinatal factors associated with low milk zinc in Chinese breastfeeding women. Early human development 17 22364884
2014 Prolactin (PRL)-stimulated ubiquitination of ZnT2 mediates a transient increase in zinc secretion followed by ZnT2 degradation in mammary epithelial cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 16 25016022
2020 A common genetic variant in zinc transporter ZnT2 (Thr288Ser) is present in women with low milk volume and alters lysosome function and cell energetics. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 12 32320289
2018 Demonstrating aspects of multiscale modeling by studying the permeation pathway of the human ZnT2 zinc transporter. PLoS computational biology 11 30388104
2017 Transient Neonatal Zinc Deficiency Caused by a Novel Mutation in the SLC30A2 Gene. Pediatric dermatology 10 28111782
2020 A novel homozygous mutation p.E88K in maternal SLC30A2 gene as a cause of transient neonatal zinc deficiency. Experimental dermatology 8 32278324
2022 ZnT2 Is Critical for TLR4-Mediated Cytokine Expression in Colonocytes and Modulates Mucosal Inflammation in Mice. International journal of molecular sciences 5 36232769
2023 Novel SLC30A2 mutations in the pathogenesis of transient neonatal zinc deficiency. Pediatric investigation 4 36967740
2024 SLC30A2-Mediated Zinc Metabolism Modulates Gastric Cancer Progression via the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) 3 39473403
2023 Think zinc: Transient nutritional deficiency related to novel maternal SLC30A2 mutation potentially precipitated by antenatal proton pump inhibitor exposure. Clinical case reports 2 37082517
2026 Transient Neonatal Zinc Deficiency due to Maternal Variants in SLC30A2: An Emerging and Atypical Candidate Gene for Maternal Carrier Screening. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 0 41866816
2019 Correction: Demonstrating aspects of multiscale modeling by studying the permeation pathway of the human ZnT2 zinc transporter. PLoS computational biology 0 31042699