Affinage

SELL

L-selectin · UniProt P14151

Round 2 corrected
Length
372 aa
Mass
42.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
119 papers in source corpus 29 papers cited in narrative 26 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

L-selectin (SELL/CD62L) is a type I transmembrane C-type lectin adhesion receptor that mediates Ca²⁺-dependent binding of leukocytes to sialylated, sulfated carbohydrate ligands—including GlyCAM-1, podocalyxin-like protein, versican chondroitin sulfate chains, CD44v, and CEA—on high endothelial venules and activated endothelium, thereby initiating leukocyte tethering and rolling under shear flow (PMID:2473156, PMID:1376638, PMID:9625756, PMID:10950950, PMID:16352650). The N-terminal lectin domain is sufficient for carbohydrate recognition, with the adjacent EGF-like domain cooperatively enhancing binding, and leukocyte activation increases ligand affinity through a regulated mechanism while simultaneously triggering PKC-dependent ectodomain shedding by ADAM17 (and ADAM-8) (PMID:1712791, PMID:1705015, PMID:23487023, PMID:17548643). Engagement of L-selectin activates intracellular signaling through p56lck→Grb2/Sos→Ras→Rac2, and a constitutive PSGL-1–L-selectin complex signals via Src kinases and ITAM adaptors to activate LFA-1, coupling initial rolling to firm adhesion; transcription of SELL is directly controlled by FOXO1 downstream of PI3K (PMID:8986819, PMID:24127491, PMID:18713968). Beyond immune cell trafficking, trophoblast-expressed L-selectin mediates adhesion to selectin ligands on uterine epithelium during the implantation window (PMID:12532021).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 13 steps
  1. 1989 High

    Cloning of L-selectin resolved the molecular identity of the lymphocyte homing receptor and established the lectin–EGF–complement-repeat domain architecture founding the selectin family.

    Evidence cDNA cloning from human lymphocytes with chromosomal mapping and functional HEV adhesion assays in COS cells

    PMID:2473156 PMID:2509939 PMID:2664786

    Open questions at the time
    • Three-dimensional structure of the full-length ectodomain was not determined
    • Post-translational modifications required for function were unknown
  2. 1990 High

    Genomic characterization and expression profiling showed L-selectin is encoded by a multi-exon gene with a single major isoform expressed across all major leukocyte lineages, and its surface loss upon activation occurs by proteolytic shedding rather than internalization.

    Evidence Genomic cloning/exon mapping, surface radiolabeling with detection of shed ectodomain in supernatants, flow cytometry across leukocyte subsets

    PMID:1688580 PMID:1692315 PMID:1701670

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the sheddase was not established
    • Mechanism of activation-induced shedding was unknown beyond PKC dependence
  3. 1991 High

    Domain-mapping and affinity modulation studies established that the lectin domain is necessary and sufficient for carbohydrate recognition while the EGF domain cooperatively enhances binding, and that leukocyte activation increases ligand affinity independently of expression level changes.

    Evidence Chimeric selectin constructs with PPME/fucoidin binding assays; mAb epitope mapping; activation-induced affinity increase in lymphocytes and neutrophils

    PMID:1705015 PMID:1712791 PMID:1713609

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis for affinity modulation was undefined
    • Whether affinity change involves conformational change or clustering was unresolved
  4. 1991 High

    Functional assays under shear conditions demonstrated that L-selectin mediates initial leukocyte capture on both TNF-activated endothelium and constitutive HEV, dependent on a sialic acid–containing endothelial ligand, and operates in a CD18-independent adhesion pathway shared with E-selectin.

    Evidence Rotating adhesion assays with antibody blocking, neuraminidase treatment, ELAM-1-transfected cell binding, IL-1/TNF-stimulated HUVEC

    PMID:1713515 PMID:1717567

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular identity of the inducible endothelial ligand was unknown
    • Relative contributions of L-selectin vs. E-selectin in vivo were not dissected
  5. 1992 High

    Identification of GlyCAM-1 as the first purified endothelial ligand for L-selectin revealed the mucin-like scaffold presenting carbohydrate determinants on HEV, and sufficiency of L-selectin for glomerular endothelial adhesion extended its role beyond lymph node homing.

    Evidence Protein purification from HEV, cDNA cloning, immunohistochemistry; L-selectin cDNA transfection sufficiency on kidney endothelial cells

    PMID:1376638 PMID:1382103

    Open questions at the time
    • Sulfation and sialylation requirements on GlyCAM-1 were not yet defined
    • Whether GlyCAM-1 is a signaling ligand or purely adhesive was unknown
  6. 1996 High

    Elucidation of the L-selectin intracellular signaling cascade through p56lck→Grb2/Sos→Ras→Rac2 demonstrated that L-selectin is not merely an adhesion molecule but transduces outside-in signals, with genetic rescue in p56lck-null cells establishing the kinase as essential.

    Evidence Antibody crosslinking and PPME stimulation of wild-type and p56lck-deficient Jurkat cells with kinase assays, co-IP, Ras activation, and p56lck reconstitution rescue

    PMID:8986819

    Open questions at the time
    • How p56lck physically associates with the short cytoplasmic tail of L-selectin was not defined
    • Downstream transcriptional consequences of Ras/Rac2 activation via L-selectin were not mapped
  7. 1997 High

    Discovery that L-selectin on human neutrophils also serves as a carbohydrate-based ligand for E-selectin revealed a dual role—both receptor and counter-receptor—expanding the selectin interaction network.

    Evidence E-selectin-Ig affinity isolation of L-selectin, sialidase sensitivity, flow-based rolling assay with anti-L-selectin blocking; mouse L-selectin negative control

    PMID:9024699

    Open questions at the time
    • Species-specific glycosylation responsible for human but not mouse activity was not characterized
    • In vivo significance of the E-selectin–L-selectin interaction was not tested
  8. 1998 High

    Identification of podocalyxin-like protein as a functional L-selectin ligand on HEV, supporting lymphocyte tethering and rolling under flow, expanded the ligand repertoire beyond GlyCAM-1 and CD34.

    Evidence Immunoprecipitation, recombinant L-selectin binding, MECA-79 reactivity, purified protein flow-based rolling assay

    PMID:9625756

    Open questions at the time
    • Relative contribution of PCLP vs. GlyCAM-1 to homing in vivo was not established
    • Post-translational determinants on PCLP required for L-selectin binding were undefined
  9. 2002 High

    Biochemical definition of oversulfated chondroitin/dermatan sulfate as high-affinity L-selectin ligands (Kd 21–293 nM) demonstrated that glycosaminoglycans beyond sialomucins participate in selectin recognition, with a tetrasaccharide fragment sufficient for binding.

    Evidence Surface plasmon resonance with defined glycan fragments, sulfation inhibition, Ca²⁺ chelation, versican binding assays

    PMID:10950950 PMID:11821431

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological tissues where CS/DS-mediated L-selectin binding dominates were not identified
    • Whether CS binding competes with or complements sialomucin binding in vivo was unknown
  10. 2003 High

    Detection of functional L-selectin on trophoblasts and selectin ligands on uterine epithelium during the implantation window established a non-immune role for L-selectin in embryo implantation, analogous to leukocyte–endothelial adhesion.

    Evidence Immunofluorescence on trophoblasts, selectin-ligand-coated bead binding, tissue-section adhesion assay

    PMID:12532021

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo genetic evidence (L-selectin knockout fertility studies in humans) was lacking
    • Downstream signaling consequences in trophoblasts were not examined
  11. 2005 High

    Discovery that tumor-associated CD44 variant isoforms and CEA carry sialofucosylated glycans functioning as L-selectin ligands on colon carcinoma cells linked selectin-mediated adhesion to cancer metastasis.

    Evidence Immunoaffinity chromatography, mass spectrometry, blot rolling assay, CD44-coated microbead flow adhesion, stable CD44 knockdown

    PMID:16352650 PMID:18375392

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether L-selectin binding to tumor ligands facilitates metastasis in vivo was not demonstrated with genetic models
    • Specificity of the glycan epitope vs. other selectin family members was incompletely characterized
  12. 2008 High

    Demonstration that FOXO1 directly activates L-selectin transcription downstream of PI3K placed L-selectin expression under the same quiescence-promoting program that controls T cell homing gene networks including KLF2 and S1P receptors.

    Evidence Retroviral FOXO1 overexpression and dominant-negative constructs in human T cells, ChIP at KLF2 promoter, RT-PCR for CD62L transcript

    PMID:18713968

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct FOXO1 binding to the SELL promoter was not shown (ChIP was for KLF2)
    • Whether KLF2 mediates FOXO1's effect on L-selectin or FOXO1 acts directly was not resolved
  13. 2013 High

    Identification of ADAM17 as the principal L-selectin sheddase and of a constitutive PSGL-1–L-selectin signaling complex that activates LFA-1 via Src/ITAM pathways resolved how initial selectin-mediated rolling is mechanistically coupled to firm integrin-dependent adhesion.

    Evidence Selective ADAM17 inhibitor on primary NK cells; co-IP, cytoplasmic tail deletions, Src kinase inhibitors, ITAM adaptor knockouts, intravital microscopy for rolling-to-arrest transition

    PMID:23487023 PMID:24127491

    Open questions at the time
    • Crystal structure of the PSGL-1–L-selectin cis complex is unavailable
    • Whether the PSGL-1–L-selectin complex pre-exists before selectin engagement or is induced remains unclear

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • A full structural model of L-selectin in complex with its physiological ligands and signaling partners is lacking, and the precise mechanism by which the short cytoplasmic tail organizes signal transduction (p56lck recruitment, PSGL-1 association) remains unresolved.
  • No high-resolution structure of full-length L-selectin with bound glycan ligand
  • Mechanism of p56lck recruitment to the 17-residue cytoplasmic tail is undefined
  • In vivo genetic dissection of L-selectin's role in human implantation has not been performed

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098631 cell adhesion mediator activity 7 GO:0008289 lipid binding 2 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 2
Localization
GO:0005576 extracellular region 3 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3
Pathway
R-HSA-1500931 Cell-Cell communication 4 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 4 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 2
Partners
ADAM17ADAM8FOXO1GRB2LCKSELPLG
Complex memberships
PSGL-1–L-selectin cis complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 26 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1989 LAM-1 (L-selectin/SELL) was cloned from human lymphocytes and shown to encode a cell-surface protein with a domain architecture comprising an N-terminal lectin-like domain, an EGF-like domain, and two short consensus repeat units homologous to C3/C4 complement-binding proteins — establishing it as the founding member of what became the selectin family in humans. The gene was mapped to chromosome 1q23-25. cDNA cloning, sequence analysis, chromosomal mapping by in situ hybridization The Journal of experimental medicine High 2473156 2509939 2664786
1990 The LYAM-1 gene spans >30 kb and contains at least 10 exons; exon IV encodes the lectin-like domain, exon V the EGF-like domain, exons VI–VII the short consensus repeats, exon VIII the transmembrane region, and exons IX–X the cytoplasmic tail. The protein expressed by neutrophils is identical in sequence to that of lymphocytes (single major isoform confirmed by sequencing). Genomic DNA cloning, exon mapping, primer extension, cDNA sequencing from neutrophils; paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria patient analysis to rule out GPI anchor The Journal of biological chemistry High 1692315
1989 L-selectin (LAM-1/Leu-8) is the human homologue of the mouse MEL-14 peripheral lymph node homing receptor; it mediates lymphocyte adhesion to high endothelial venules (HEV) of peripheral lymph nodes. The molecule can adopt both conventional transmembrane and phospholipid (GPI)-anchored forms. cDNA cloning, transfection into COS cells, antibody-blocking HEV adhesion assay, immunoprecipitation Nature High 2509939
1990 LAM-1 is broadly expressed on B cells, T cells, NK cells, neutrophils, and monocytes. PMA stimulation causes rapid downmodulation of LAM-1 from the cell surface, correlating with loss of lymph node HEV-binding capacity, indicating that cell-surface LAM-1 expression is required for lymphocyte homing. Flow cytometry with anti-LAM-1 mAb, HEV adhesion assay, cell transfection with LAM-1 cDNA Journal of immunology High 1688580
1991 LAM-1 mediates approximately 50% of leukocyte (lymphocyte and neutrophil) attachment to TNF-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells under non-static (shear) conditions, establishing LAM-1 as a major mediator of initial leukocyte capture at inflamed endothelium. The LAM-1 ligand on activated endothelium is neuraminidase-sensitive (sialic-acid dependent) and is induced by LPS, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Rotating adhesion assay, antibody-blocking experiments, neuraminidase treatment of endothelial cells, PPME competition Journal of immunology High 1713515 1717567
1991 Leukocyte activation by lineage-specific stimuli dramatically increases the affinity of LAM-1 for its carbohydrate-based ligand PPME, demonstrating that regulation of LAM-1 affinity (rather than simple expression level) controls leukocyte migration specificity. PPME-binding assay on activated lymphocytes and neutrophils; antibody-blocking HEV adhesion assay Nature High 1705015
1991 Domain mapping using chimeric selectins (LAM-1/PAD-GEM hybrids) showed that the lectin domain of LAM-1 is sufficient for carbohydrate binding (PPME and fucoidin). The LAM1-3 mAb epitope maps to the lectin domain and blocks carbohydrate binding, while the LAM1-6 epitope is also in the lectin domain but does not block carbohydrate binding. The LAM1-1 epitope requires the EGF domain and its binding enhances carbohydrate binding, suggesting cooperation between the lectin and EGF domains in adhesion. Chimeric selectin construction, transfection, PPME/fucoidin binding assays, mAb epitope mapping, HEV frozen-section adhesion assay The Journal of cell biology High 1712791
1991 LAM-1 surface expression is lost by shedding (proteolytic cleavage) from the cell surface, not by internalization. Shedding is decreased by protein kinase C inhibitors, implicating PKC signaling in this process. Soluble LAM-1 appears in culture medium coincident with surface loss. ELISA of culture supernatants, PKC inhibitor treatment, cell-surface labeling, anti-LAM-1 mAb tracking Leukemia High 1701670 1709244
1990 Human neutrophils express a higher-molecular-weight, more heterogeneous form of Leu-8/L-selectin (70–120 kDa vs. 70 kDa on T cells) with a conventional transmembrane anchor (not GPI), and upon PMA activation the molecule is rapidly released from the cell surface into the supernatant rather than being internalized. 125I-anti-Leu-8 cell-surface labeling, immunoblotting of cell extracts vs. supernatants, SDS-PAGE, comparison with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria cells, PI-PLC treatment Blood High 1701670
1991 Multiple functionally distinct epitopes on LAM-1 were mapped: mAbs recognizing the lectin domain (at or near carbohydrate-binding site) blocked HEV adhesion and PPME binding; one lectin-domain mAb enhanced PPME binding (mimicking activation-induced affinity increase); a third group recognized evolutionarily conserved epitopes present across most mammals (monkey, cow, rabbit, sheep, dog, cat, pig, goat) but absent in rat and mouse. Panel of mAbs, PPME-binding competition, HEV frozen-section assay, antibody cross-blocking, cross-species testing Journal of immunology High 1713609
1991 LECAM-1 (L-selectin) and ELAM-1 operate in the same CD18-independent neutrophil adhesion pathway and may function as a receptor-counterreceptor pair: anti-LECAM-1 antibody inhibits neutrophil binding to ELAM-1-transfected L cells, and the inhibitory effects of anti-LECAM-1 and anti-ELAM-1 antibodies are non-additive. Antibody-blocking adhesion assays, ELAM-1-transfected L cell binding, neutrophil adhesion to IL-1-stimulated HUVEC Blood High 1713515
1992 L-selectin (LAM-1) mediates the adhesion of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes to TNF-activated kidney glomerular endothelial cells under non-static conditions. This adhesion requires de novo biosynthesis of a sialylated endothelial ligand (blocked by RNA/protein synthesis inhibitors and neuraminidase) and can be mimicked by L-selectin cDNA-transfected pre-B cells, demonstrating that L-selectin alone is sufficient to mediate glomerular endothelial binding. Anti-LAM1-3 mAb blocking, L-selectin cDNA transfection, neuraminidase and mannose-6-phosphate competition, RNA/protein synthesis inhibitors Journal of immunology High 1382103
1992 An endothelial ligand for L-selectin (GlyCAM-1, originally Sgp50) was purified from HEV and shown to be a novel mucin-like molecule with two serine/threonine-rich domains; it is preferentially expressed in lymph nodes. Antibodies against predicted peptides immunoprecipitate Sgp50 and stain the apical surface of HEV. Protein purification from HEV, N-terminal sequencing, cDNA cloning, antibody generation, immunohistochemistry Cell High 1376638
1991 Leu-8/L-selectin signal delivery via cross-linking with anti-Leu-8 mAb increases the suppressor function of CD4+,Leu-8+ T cells for immunoglobulin synthesis, and directly inhibits differentiation (but not proliferation or early activation) of Leu-8+ B cells, indicating that L-selectin transduces functional immunoregulatory signals. Immobilized anti-Leu-8 mAb stimulation, PWM-stimulated Ig synthesis assay, B cell proliferation assay, IL-2R/c-myc mRNA analysis Journal of immunology Medium 1371799 1701799
1992 Immunoprecipitation studies showed that approximately 18% of the TCR/CD3 complex is constitutively associated with the Leu-8/L-selectin molecule on T cells; co-immunoprecipitation identified TCR α, β, γ, δ, ε, and ζ chains as associated proteins, and anti-Leu-8 mAb markedly augmented anti-CD3-induced T cell proliferation. Surface radioiodination, immunoprecipitation with CHAPS (mild detergent), 1D and 2D diagonal SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting with anti-zeta peptide antibody, proliferation assay Journal of immunology Medium 1371790
1996 L-selectin triggering activates the Ras signaling pathway via the src-family tyrosine kinase p56lck: L-selectin engagement leads to p56lck activation, tyrosine phosphorylation of L-selectin itself and MAP kinase, association of Grb2/Sos with L-selectin, and subsequent activation of p21Ras and Rac2. p56lck-deficient Jurkat cells (JCaM1.6) fail to show these events; reconstitution with p56lck rescues signaling. Antibody crosslinking and PPME stimulation of Jurkat cells, kinase assays, co-immunoprecipitation of Grb2/Sos with L-selectin, Ras activation assay, p56lck-deficient cell line and p56lck transfection rescue, peripheral blood lymphocyte confirmation Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences High 8986819
1998 Podocalyxin-like protein (PCLP), a transmembrane sialomucin expressed on HEV, binds recombinant L-selectin and the HEV-specific mAb MECA-79, and purified HEV-derived PCLP supports tethering and rolling of lymphocytes under physiological flow conditions in vitro, identifying PCLP as an L-selectin ligand at HEV. Immunoprecipitation, recombinant L-selectin binding assay, flow-based rolling assay with purified protein The Journal of experimental medicine High 9625756
2000 Versican, a large chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, binds L-selectin (and P-selectin and CD44). Binding is mediated by the chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains of versican, specifically CS-B and CS-E and heparan sulfate; this is Ca2+-dependent. Cross-blocking studies show that L- and P-selectin recognize close or overlapping sites on versican. Direct binding assay, inhibition with specific glycosaminoglycans, Ca2+-chelation, cross-blocking studies, surface plasmon resonance (for oversulfated CS/DS chains in follow-up) The Journal of biological chemistry High 10950950 11821431
1997 L-selectin from human (but not mouse) neutrophils functions as a direct carbohydrate ligand for E-selectin: human L-selectin can be affinity-isolated from total cell extracts using E-selectin-Ig as affinity probe, purified L-selectin is reprecipitated by E-selectin-Ig, the interaction is sialidase-sensitive and Ca2+-dependent, and anti-L-selectin mAb DREG56 inhibits rolling of human neutrophils on immobilized E-selectin. E-selectin-Ig affinity isolation, reprecipitation of purified L-selectin, sialidase treatment, flow-based rolling assay, species comparison (mouse L-selectin negative control) The Journal of cell biology High 9024699
2003 L-selectin is expressed on human trophoblasts, and uterine epithelial cells upregulate selectin oligosaccharide-based ligands during the implantation window. Beads coated with the selectin ligand 6-sulfo sLex bind to trophoblasts, and trophoblasts bind to ligand-expressing uterine luminal epithelium in tissue sections, identifying a role for trophoblast L-selectin in mediating implantation adhesion to the uterus. Immunofluorescence, selectin-ligand-coated bead binding assay, tissue section adhesion assay Science High 12532021
2007 ADAM-8, expressed constitutively on neutrophil cell surface and in intracellular granules, is mobilized to the plasma membrane upon neutrophil activation and promotes ectodomain shedding of L-selectin in mammalian cells; ADAM-8 presence both on cell surface and in solution increases L-selectin shedding. Flow cytometry, subcellular fractionation, transfection of ADAM-8 into mammalian cells, L-selectin shedding assays, metalloproteinase inhibitor treatment Journal of immunology Medium 17548643
2013 ADAM17 (TACE) mediates the shedding of L-selectin (CD62L) from NK cell surfaces: selective ADAM17 inhibition abrogated CD62L shedding from CD56dim NK cells activated by CD16 crosslinking or cytokines, demonstrating ADAM17 as the sheddase responsible for L-selectin loss during NK cell activation. ADAM17 selective inhibitor treatment, flow cytometry for CD62L surface expression, CD16 crosslinking assay, cytokine activation Blood High 23487023
2008 FOXO1 transcription factor directly regulates L-selectin (CD62L) expression in human T lymphocytes downstream of the PI3K pathway: FOXO1 increases L-selectin transcript levels, requires its DNA-binding domain, and also regulates EDG1, EDG6, and KLF2 — defining a coordinated network controlling T cell homing and quiescence. Retroviral FOXO1 overexpression and dominant-negative constructs, transcriptional profiling, chromatin immunoprecipitation (KLF2 promoter binding), RT-PCR Journal of immunology High 18713968
2013 A subset of PSGL-1 molecules is constitutively associated with L-selectin on neutrophils; this PSGL-1–L-selectin complex signals through Src family kinases and ITAM-domain adaptor proteins to activate LFA-1 (integrin), promoting slow rolling and neutrophil recruitment. The signaling output depends on the lectin-like interaction between L-selectin and PSGL-1 and requires the cytoplasmic tail of L-selectin. Co-immunoprecipitation, cytoplasmic tail deletion mutants, Src family kinase inhibitors, ITAM adaptor knockout cells, intravital microscopy for rolling/arrest, LFA-1 activation assay The Journal of experimental medicine High 24127491
2005 Variant isoforms of CD44 (CD44v) on colon carcinoma cells function as P- and L-selectin ligands; L-selectin binding is mediated by sialofucosylated O-linked glycans on CD44v. CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) also functions as an E- and L-selectin ligand on colon carcinoma cells, and CEA and CD44v cooperate to mediate L-selectin-dependent cell rolling at elevated shear stress. Immunoaffinity chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry, blot rolling assay, flow-based adhesion assay with CD44-coated microbeads, stable CD44 knockdown cell lines FASEB journal / The Journal of biological chemistry High 16352650 18375392
2002 Oversulfated chondroitin/dermatan sulfate chains containing GlcAβ1/IdoAα1-3GalNAc(4,6-O-disulfate) bind directly to L-selectin with high affinity (Kd 21–293 nM as measured by surface plasmon resonance) in a sulfation-dependent, Ca2+-dependent manner, and a tetrasaccharide fragment of these repeating units is sufficient for direct L-selectin binding. Surface plasmon resonance, sodium chlorate sulfation inhibition, CS/DS chain fractionation, Ca2+-chelation, tetrasaccharide binding assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 11821431

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 119 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
1992 An endothelial ligand for L-selectin is a novel mucin-like molecule. Cell 613 1376638
1994 Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. Gene 492 8125298
2013 NK cell CD16 surface expression and function is regulated by a disintegrin and metalloprotease-17 (ADAM17). Blood 448 23487023
2005 Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. Genome research 409 16344560
1991 Leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (LAM-1, L-selectin) interacts with an inducible endothelial cell ligand to support leukocyte adhesion. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 384 1717567
2005 Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. Journal of proteome research 350 16335952
2003 Trophoblast L-selectin-mediated adhesion at the maternal-fetal interface. Science (New York, N.Y.) 339 12532021
1989 Isolation and chromosomal localization of cDNAs encoding a novel human lymphocyte cell surface molecule, LAM-1. Homology with the mouse lymphocyte homing receptor and other human adhesion proteins. The Journal of experimental medicine 334 2473156
1991 Selectins: a family of adhesion receptors. Cell 313 1717161
1989 Leu-8/TQ1 is the human equivalent of the Mel-14 lymph node homing receptor. Nature 292 2509939
1991 Regulation of leukocyte migration by activation of the leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (LAM-1) selectin. Nature 289 1705015
1990 Expression of the human leukocyte adhesion molecule, LAM1. Identity with the TQ1 and Leu-8 differentiation antigens. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 288 1688580
2000 A novel ligand of the formyl peptide receptor: annexin I regulates neutrophil extravasation by interacting with the FPR. Molecular cell 271 10882119
2000 Binding of a large chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, versican, to L-selectin, P-selectin, and CD44. The Journal of biological chemistry 224 10950950
2007 Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is predominantly associated with innate immune genes. The Journal of infectious diseases 223 17703412
1985 Functional characterization of human T lymphocyte subsets distinguished by monoclonal anti-leu-8. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 212 3156924
1998 Identification of podocalyxin-like protein as a high endothelial venule ligand for L-selectin: parallels to CD34. The Journal of experimental medicine 208 9625756
2002 Oversulfated chondroitin/dermatan sulfates containing GlcAbeta1/IdoAalpha1-3GalNAc(4,6-O-disulfate) interact with L- and P-selectin and chemokines. The Journal of biological chemistry 203 11821431
1991 Antibodies against human neutrophil LECAM-1 (LAM-1/Leu-8/DREG-56 antigen) and endothelial cell ELAM-1 inhibit a common CD18-independent adhesion pathway in vitro. Blood 188 1713515
1984 Human lymphocyte subpopulations identified by using three-color immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis: correlation of Leu-2, Leu-3, Leu-7, Leu-8, and Leu-11 cell surface antigen expression. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 183 6361119
2009 Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip. American journal of human genetics 164 19913121
1993 Higher-affinity oligosaccharide ligands for E-selectin. The Journal of clinical investigation 160 7680663
2008 FOXO1 regulates L-Selectin and a network of human T cell homing molecules downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 153 18713968
2009 Reduced expression of the Kinesin-Associated Protein 3 (KIFAP3) gene increases survival in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 149 19451621
2016 CD62L+ NKT cells have prolonged persistence and antitumor activity in vivo. The Journal of clinical investigation 147 27183388
2008 Carcinoembryonic antigen and CD44 variant isoforms cooperate to mediate colon carcinoma cell adhesion to E- and L-selectin in shear flow. The Journal of biological chemistry 145 18375392
1992 Modulation of granulocyte LAM-1 and MAC-1 during dialysis--a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Kidney international 135 1372668
1986 Leu-8 and Leu-9 antigen phenotypes: immunologic criteria for the distinction of mycosis fungoides from cutaneous inflammation. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 131 3088069
1996 L-selectin activates the Ras pathway via the tyrosine kinase p56lck. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 129 8986819
1991 Regulation of leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (TQ1, Leu-8) expression and shedding by normal and malignant cells. Leukemia 124 1709244
1991 Function and evolutionary conservation of distinct epitopes on the leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (TQ-1, Leu-8) that regulate leukocyte migration. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 124 1713609
1997 L-selectin from human, but not from mouse neutrophils binds directly to E-selectin. The Journal of cell biology 121 9024699
2002 Evidence for distinct pathomechanisms in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma by quantitative expression analysis of cell cycle and apoptosis-associated genes. Blood 116 12036888
1995 Bone marrow of patients with active multiple myeloma: angiogenesis and plasma cell adhesion molecules LFA-1, VLA-4, LAM-1, and CD44. American journal of hematology 116 7545353
2013 L-selectin is a possible biomarker for individual PML risk in natalizumab-treated MS patients. Neurology 110 23925765
1990 Human antigen-specific memory T cells express the homing receptor (LAM-1) necessary for lymphocyte recirculation. European journal of immunology 109 1695155
2007 Expression and regulation of the metalloproteinase ADAM-8 during human neutrophil pathophysiological activation and its catalytic activity on L-selectin shedding. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 100 17548643
1985 Maturational and functional diversity of human B lymphocytes delineated with anti-Leu-8. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 99 3920308
2005 Variant isoforms of CD44 are P- and L-selectin ligands on colon carcinoma cells. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 97 16352650
1989 Human homologue of mouse lymph node homing receptor: evolutionary conservation at tandem cell interaction domains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97 2664786
1991 Molecular mapping of functional domains of the leukocyte receptor for endothelium, LAM-1. The Journal of cell biology 95 1712791
2013 The PSGL-1-L-selectin signaling complex regulates neutrophil adhesion under flow. The Journal of experimental medicine 94 24127491
2003 Cutting edge: L-selectin (CD62L) expression distinguishes small resting memory CD4+ T cells that preferentially respond to recall antigen. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 92 12496379
1990 Leu-8/CD7 antigen expression by CD3+ T cells: comparative analysis of skin and blood in mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome relative to normal blood values. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 92 1690762
1992 Neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes bind to cytokine-activated kidney glomerular endothelial cells through L-selectin (LAM-1) in vitro. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 91 1382103
1990 Structure of the gene encoding the human leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (TQ1, Leu-8) of lymphocytes and neutrophils. The Journal of biological chemistry 86 1692315
1990 Human neutrophils release the Leu-8 lymph node homing receptor during cell activation. Blood 83 1701670
1988 Leu-8 antigen expression is diminished during cell activation but does not correlate with effector function of activated T lymphocytes. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 76 3286763
1992 Bromelain treatment of human T cells removes CD44, CD45RA, E2/MIC2, CD6, CD7, CD8, and Leu 8/LAM1 surface molecules and markedly enhances CD2-mediated T cell activation. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 68 1281188
1987 Induction of CD4 suppressor T cells with anti-Leu-8 antibody. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 58 2953818
1985 Expression of Leu-8 antigen, a majority T-cell marker, is uncommon in mycosis fungoides. The Journal of investigative dermatology 44 3161956
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1991 Altered surface expression of CD11 and Leu 8 during human basophil degranulation. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 43 1706397
1990 Lymphocyte activation and expression of the human leucocyte-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (Leu-8/TQ1 antigen). Immunology 43 1702752
1988 CD4 positive Leu-8 negative helper-inducer T cells predominate in the human intestinal lamina propria. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 43 2902143
1992 Association of human lymph node homing receptor (Leu 8) with the TCR/CD3 complex. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 42 1371790
2009 Diversity of lactic acid bacteria from modified atmosphere packaged sliced cooked meat products at sell-by date assessed by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Food microbiology 41 19913685
1998 LAM1 is required for dorsoventrality and lateral growth of the leaf blade in Nicotiana. Development (Cambridge, England) 40 9753678
1993 LAM-1 and FAT Genes Control Development of the Leaf Blade in Nicotiana sylvestris. The Plant cell 37 12271096
1991 Lamina propria lymphocytes are derived from circulating cells that lack the Leu-8 lymph node homing receptor. Gastroenterology 37 2044931
1988 Expression of Leu-8 surface antigen in B-cell lymphomas. Correlation with other B-cell markers. The Journal of pathology 37 3258374
1989 Differences in surface phenotype between cytolytic and non-cytolytic CD4+ T cells. MHC class II-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes lack Leu 8 antigen and express CD2 in high density. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 24 2468710
1985 Characterization of a T4+/Leu-8+ T cell clone that directly helps B cell Ig production by secreting B cell differentiation factor. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 24 3923106
1992 Cytokine induction of leucocyte adhesion molecule-1 (LAM- 1) expression on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. Leukemia 23 1375697
1987 Expression of the Leu-8 antigen by B-cell lymphomas. American journal of clinical pathology 22 3310610
1989 Defective immunoregulation in primary biliary cirrhosis: CD4+, Leu-8+ T cells have abnormal activation and suppressor function in vitro. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20 2570740
2020 WOX9 functions antagonistic to STF and LAM1 to regulate leaf blade expansion in Medicago truncatula and Nicotiana sylvestris. The New phytologist 19 32964420
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1991 Monoclonal antibody against the human peripheral lymph node homing receptor homologue (Leu 8) inhibits B cell differentiation but not B cell proliferation. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 19 1701799
2018 Evaluation of ITGB2 (CD18) and SELL (CD62L) genes expression and methylation of ITGB2 promoter region in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology international 18 29356883
1988 Lesional keratinocytes express OKM5, Leu-8 and Leu-11b antigens in lichen planus. Dermatologica 18 2458976
2004 An immunocytochemical mapping of methionine-enkephalin-Arg(6)-Gly(7)-Leu(8) in the human brainstem. Neuroscience 17 15464291
1988 Double labeling immunohistologic and flow cytometric analysis of human B cells with particular reference to Leu-8 expression. Human pathology 16 3262082
1988 Nuclear contour irregularity correlates with Leu-9-, Leu-8- cells in benign lymphoid infiltrates of skin. An ultrastructural morphometric and quantitative immunophenotypic analysis suggesting the normal T-cell counterpart to the malignant mycosis fungoides/Sézary cell. The American Journal of dermatopathology 15 3265861
2023 Single cell RNA-seq resolution revealed CCR1+/SELL+/XAF+ CD14 monocytes mediated vascular endothelial cell injuries in Kawasaki disease and COVID-19. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease 13 37001702
2021 SELL and IFI44 as potential biomarkers of Sjögren's syndrome and their correlation with immune cell infiltration. Genes & genetic systems 13 33883324
1997 Elevation of CD8+ CD11b+ Leu-8- T cells is associated with the humoral immunodeficiency in myeloma patients. Clinical and experimental immunology 13 9276527
1994 Reduced numbers of CD8+ T cells and B cell-expression of Leu-8 antigen in peripheral blood of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepato-gastroenterology 13 7525431
1994 Impaired granulocyte oxidative burst and decreased expression of leucocyte adhesion molecule-1 (LAM-1) in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. Clinical and experimental immunology 12 7512009
1989 Preferential loss of Leu 8-, CD45R, HLA-DR+ CD8 cell subsets during in vitro culture of mononuclear cells from human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV)-seropositive former blood donors. Journal of clinical immunology 12 2482844
1987 Phenotype of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B-cells. B-CLL cells express the Leu-8 antigen. Blut 12 3099866
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2021 Detection of Cyclospora cayetanensis on bagged pre-cut salad mixes within their shelf-life and after sell by date by the U.S. food and drug administration validated method. Food microbiology 11 33875194
2019 Leu8 and Pro8 oxytocin agonism differs across human, macaque, and marmoset vasopressin 1a receptors. Scientific reports 11 31664130
1991 CD4+ Leu-8+ T cell supernatant activity that inhibits Ig production. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 11 1711071
1990 The significance of Leu 8 negative T cells in lymphoid skin infiltrates: malignant transformation, selective homing or T-cell activation? The British journal of dermatology 11 2248888
2019 A Comparison of the Ability of Leu8- and Pro8-Oxytocin to Regulate Intracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels at Human and Marmoset Oxytocin Receptors. Molecular pharmacology 10 30739093
2015 Variants in SELL, MRPS36P2, TP63, DDB2, CACNA1H, ADAM19, GNAI1, CDH13 and GABRG2 interact to confer risk of acne in Chinese population. The Journal of dermatology 10 25573302
1995 Synthesis and opioid activities of [D-Leu-8]Dynorphin(1-8) analogs containing a reduced peptide bond, psi(CH2-NH). Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 10 7586080
2023 LncRNA SELL/L-selectin promotes HPV-positive HNSCC progression and drives fucoidan-mediated therapeutic strategies. Acta biomaterialia 8 37330030
2022 Systematic study of single-cell isolation from musculoskeletal tissues for single-sell sequencing. BMC molecular and cell biology 8 35883033
2000 Structure-activity relationships of trout bradykinin ([Arg(0),Trp(5),Leu(8)]-bradykinin). Peptides 8 11150639
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2016 Identification and measurement of staphylococcal enterotoxin-like protein I (SEll) secretion from Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate. Journal of applied microbiology 7 27187155
1992 LAM-1/Leu 8 antigen is expressed on portal, but not on lobular intrahepatic mononuclear cells in inflammatory liver disease. Clinical and experimental immunology 7 1373353
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2016 Mapping of methionine-enkephalin-arg6-gly7-leu8 in the human diencephalon. Neuroscience 4 27531857
1999 The effects of the phyllolitorin analogue [desTrp(3), Leu(8)]phyllolitorin on scratching induced by bombesin and related peptides in rats. Brain research 4 10482814
1994 Defective proliferation and regulatory function of CD4+ T cells bearing Leu-8 homing receptor in primary biliary cirrhosis. Phorbol myristate acetate enhances T-cell function. Digestive diseases and sciences 4 7515343
1989 The CD4 Leu 8- T helper cell in colonic mucosa: a quantitative and functional analysis. Clinical and experimental immunology 4 2522841
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1993 Specific disengagement of cell-bound anti-LAM-1 (anti-L-selectin) antibodies by aurintricarboxylic acid. Molecular immunology 2 7505884
1993 Analysis of purine metabolic enzymes in human CD4 Leu 8- and CD4 Leu 8+ lymphocyte subpopulations. The International journal of biochemistry 2 8444317
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2026 Association of OPN, CXCR1 and SELL polymorphisms with total antioxidant capacity of milk in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows: a preliminary study. The Journal of dairy research 0 41502304
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