Affinage

ROCK1

Rho-associated protein kinase 1 · UniProt Q13464

Length
1354 aa
Mass
158.2 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 31 papers cited in narrative 31 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

ROCK1 is a serine/threonine kinase that functions as a central effector of the RhoA pathway, transducing GTP-RhoA signals into actomyosin-based cytoskeletal reorganization (PMID:8798490, PMID:9119047). RhoA binds ROCK1 through residues 934–1015 in its coiled-coil region, a Rho-effector motif distinct from the class-1 motif used by PKN, rhophilin, and rhotekin (PMID:8798490). Through its kinase activity, ROCK1 drives focal adhesion and stress fiber formation (PMID:9119047), neurite retraction and growth-cone gating in neurons (PMID:9647654, PMID:10839361), and tight-junction permeability (PMID:11139571), with the actin polymerization arm of Rho signaling being routed through a separate effector (PMID:9119047). Its substrates span myosin light chain 2 (MLC2), whose phosphorylation underlies peripheral actomyosin ring formation, the Na-H exchanger NHE1, the kinase ZIPK (phosphorylated at Thr-265/Thr-299 to drive distinct stress-fiber architectures), Drp1 at Ser616 to promote mitochondrial fission, and the transcription factor TFEB to govern lysosomal biogenesis (PMID:9707430, PMID:17158456, PMID:23392171, PMID:39755713, PMID:39497162). Isoform-specific genetics distinguish ROCK1 from ROCK2: ROCK1 selectively controls MLC2 phosphorylation and peripheral actomyosin contraction (and front-back polarity), whereas ROCK2 governs cofilin phosphorylation (PMID:23392171, PMID:26169356). ROCK1 is a non-redundant driver of apoptotic membrane blebbing and apoptotic-body formation (PMID:31043701) and acts as a node in oncogenic TEAD/YAP transcriptional activation downstream of mutant p53, Hippo lesions, and ECM stiffness (PMID:35121738, PMID:40368918). ROCK1 activity is constrained by direct binding partners including Rnd3, FRMD5, and stress-granule sequestration that prevents JIP-3/JNK-dependent apoptotic signaling (PMID:20004716, PMID:25448675, PMID:39755713), and ROCK1 participates in immune, cardiac, vascular, and metabolic disease processes through inflammatory myeloid activation, doxorubicin cardiotoxicity, neointima formation, and AMPK/eNOS regulation (PMID:18414683, PMID:26943578, PMID:29560126, PMID:38538716, PMID:38199985).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 21 steps
  1. 1996 High

    Defining how RhoA selects ROCK1 as an effector established the molecular basis for pathway specificity, distinguishing it from other Rho effectors.

    Evidence Ligand overlay with GTPγS-RhoA, yeast two-hybrid, and point mutagenesis on recombinant fragments mapping the Rho-binding domain to residues 934–1015

    PMID:8798490

    Open questions at the time
    • Does not establish the downstream catalytic outputs of the engaged kinase
    • Structural mechanism of how binding relieves autoinhibition not addressed
  2. 1997 High

    Placing ROCK1 downstream of Rho for focal adhesion and stress fiber formation established it as the contractility effector while separating the actin-polymerization arm.

    Evidence Transfection of kinase-dead and domain-deletion mutants with epistasis analysis in HeLa cells

    PMID:9119047

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct substrates mediating focal adhesion assembly not identified in this study
    • Identity of the parallel actin-polymerization effector left open
  3. 1998 High

    Identifying NHE1 as a directly phosphorylated substrate, and linking ROCK1 to MLC phosphorylation in neurite retraction, connected the kinase to specific contractile and ion-transport outputs.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assay with phosphopeptide mapping against in vivo sites (NHE1) and dominant-active/negative constructs plus Y-27632 in N1E-115 cells (MLC/neurite)

    PMID:9647654 PMID:9707430

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether NHE1 and MLC are phosphorylated in the same cellular contexts not resolved
    • Direct vs indirect phosphorylation of MLC not distinguished here
  4. 2000 High

    Establishing ROCK1 as a gate on axon outgrowth and growth-cone dynamics extended its cytoskeletal role into developmental neurobiology.

    Evidence Dominant-negative/active constructs plus Y-27632 with live imaging in cerebellar granule neurons

    PMID:10839361

    Open questions at the time
    • Substrates mediating growth-cone control not identified
    • Relationship to MLC phosphorylation in this context not quantified
  5. 2001 High

    Linking RhoA/ROCK1 to occludin phosphorylation and paracellular permeability defined a role in epithelial barrier regulation.

    Evidence Dominant-negative RhoA, Y-27632, and permeability flux assays in ECV304 cells with two agonists

    PMID:11139571

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ROCK1 directly phosphorylates occludin not shown
    • Agonist-specific divergence (histamine vs LPA) mechanism unresolved
  6. 2002 High

    Localizing ROCK1 to the mother centriole revealed a cytoskeletal role in centrosome positioning and mitotic exit beyond cortical contractility.

    Evidence Immunofluorescence, immunoEM, and siRNA depletion with centrosome tracking

    PMID:12034773

    Open questions at the time
    • Centrosomal substrates not identified
    • Single-lab localization not independently confirmed
  7. 2003 Medium

    Demonstrating TGF-β-driven nuclear translocation and Cdc25A phosphorylation linked ROCK1 to cell-cycle arrest, an unexpected nuclear function.

    Evidence Subcellular fractionation/immunofluorescence, Cdc25A and Cdk2 kinase assays, and cell-cycle analysis in NMuMG vs NIH 3T3 cells

    PMID:14657354

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of nuclear import not defined
    • Direct in vitro phosphorylation of Cdc25A by ROCK1 not fully established
  8. 2004 Medium

    Placing ROCK1 in a common pathway with Aurora-A connected it to mitotic spindle organization and G2/M progression.

    Evidence Reciprocal Co-IP and single/double siRNA epistasis with spindle and cell-cycle readouts

    PMID:15178765

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the interaction is direct not shown
    • Phosphorylation relationship between ROCK1 and Aurora-A not defined
  9. 2006 High

    Identifying ZIPK as a directly phosphorylated, activated substrate showed ROCK1 can amplify contractile signaling through a downstream kinase.

    Evidence Unbiased proteomics/MS substrate identification, in vitro kinase assay with stoichiometric Thr-265/Thr-299 phosphorylation, and phospho-site mutagenesis in HeLa cells

    PMID:17158456

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological contexts where this axis dominates not delineated
    • Quantitative contribution of ZIPK vs direct MLC phosphorylation unresolved
  10. 2009 Medium

    Discovering stress-granule sequestration of active ROCK1 revealed a spatial mechanism gating its pro-apoptotic JIP-3/JNK signaling.

    Evidence Co-localization with stress-granule markers and Co-IP of ROCK1-JIP-3 under stress vs non-stress conditions

    PMID:20004716

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the ROCK1-JIP-3 interaction is direct not established
    • Single-lab finding without reciprocal validation
  11. 2012 High

    Isoform-specific knockouts assigned MLC2-dependent peripheral contraction and pre-detachment apoptosis to ROCK1, separating it functionally from ROCK2.

    Evidence ROCK1-/- and ROCK2-/- MEFs with p-MLC2/p-cofilin immunoblots and pharmacological corroboration

    PMID:23392171

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of substrate preference between isoforms not addressed
    • In vivo tissue contexts of divergence not surveyed
  12. 2012 Medium

    Uncovering a Tiam1/Rac1-mediated feedback loop showed ROCK1 modulates the balance of Rho-family GTPase activity upstream of itself.

    Evidence Combined ROCK1 inhibitors/siRNA with Rac1/RhoA activity pull-downs and Tiam1 knockdown

    PMID:22430126

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct molecular link between ROCK1 activity and Tiam1 not defined
    • Single-lab finding
  13. 2013 High

    Genetic and bone-marrow-transplant studies established leukocyte-derived ROCK1 as the driver of vascular neointima formation, and HIF transcriptional control as an upstream input in cancer.

    Evidence Rock1+/- haploinsufficiency with reciprocal bone marrow transplantation (vascular injury) and HIF1A/HIF2A knockdown with promoter reporters (breast cancer)

    PMID:18414683 PMID:24324133

    Open questions at the time
    • Leukocyte substrates driving neointima not identified
    • Direct HIF binding to the ROCK1 promoter not fully mapped
  14. 2014 Medium

    Identifying FRMD5 as a direct inhibitory binding partner revealed a negative regulator restraining ROCK1-dependent migration.

    Evidence Co-IP of FRMD5 with ROCK1 and integrin β5, ROCK1 kinase assay, and migration assays in lung cancer cells

    PMID:25448675

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which FRMD5 inhibits activation not defined
    • Single-lab interaction
  15. 2015 High

    Isoform-resolved knockdowns and an immune knockout assigned ROCK1 to actomyosin-bundle-initiated polarity and to mast-cell maturation/function via a LIMK-AKT-ERK module.

    Evidence ROCK1/ROCK2 shRNA with live imaging (fibroblasts/neurons) and Rock1-/- BMMCs with functional and biochemical assays plus anaphylaxis model

    PMID:26169356 PMID:26943578

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct ROCK1 substrate establishing polarity bundles not identified
    • Whether LIMK phosphorylation by ROCK1 is direct in mast cells not shown
  16. 2018 High

    Structural and translational-control studies defined ROCK kinase-selectivity determinants and revealed lnc-31/YB-1 as a post-transcriptional regulator of ROCK1 protein output.

    Evidence Co-crystal structures of ROCK1/ROCK2 with inhibitors (ATP-site residues) and RNA-IP/polysome analysis of lnc-31-Rock1 mRNA-YB-1

    PMID:29669280 PMID:30384606

    Open questions at the time
    • Apo/RhoA-bound full-length structure not resolved
    • Whether lnc-31 regulation operates outside myoblasts unknown
  17. 2018 High

    Cardiac ROCK1 knockouts linked the kinase to suppression of Beclin-1-mediated autophagy and doxorubicin cardiotoxicity.

    Evidence Global and cardiomyocyte-specific ROCK1 KO mice with Beclin-1/Bcl-2 Co-IP and autophagy flux markers

    PMID:29560126

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ROCK1 directly phosphorylates Beclin-1 at Thr119 not demonstrated
    • Cardiomyocyte vs non-cardiomyocyte contributions not fully separated
  18. 2019 High

    CRISPR deletion established ROCK1 as the non-redundant driver of apoptotic membrane blebbing and apoptotic-body formation, distinguishing it from PAK2 and LIMK1.

    Evidence CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of ROCK1, PAK2, LIMK1 with time-lapse blebbing imaging and phagocytosis assays

    PMID:31043701

    Open questions at the time
    • Substrate(s) executing blebbing in this system not specified
    • Mechanism controlling secondary necrosis onset unresolved
  19. 2022 High

    Multiple studies established ROCK1/actomyosin as necessary and sufficient for oncogenic TEAD/YAP transcription and identified Drp1-Ser616 and TFEB as new functional outputs.

    Evidence ROCK1 knockdown/inhibitor with YAP/TEAD readouts (mutant p53, Hippo, ECM stiffness contexts); Rnd3-ROCK1 Co-IP/docking with p-Drp1 Ser616 and Rnd3 in vivo cardiac models; SPR/PLA for ROCK1-TFEB with lysosomal assays

    PMID:35121738 PMID:39497162 PMID:39755713 PMID:40368918

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct in vitro kinase validation of TFEB phosphorylation by ROCK1 not fully described
    • How ROCK1 mechanistically promotes YAP nuclear localization not resolved
    • Whether Drp1 Ser616 is a direct ROCK1 site versus indirect not definitively shown
  20. 2022 Medium

    Viral and inflammatory studies broadened ROCK1 roles into mRNA stability control and antiviral defense via the ROCK1/MLC2 axis.

    Evidence ROCK1 siRNA/inhibitors with viral mRNA decay assays, PABP Co-IP, and CCR4-NOT analysis in buffalopox-infected cells

    PMID:36280692

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct molecular link between ROCK1 and the deadenylation machinery not defined
    • Single-lab finding
  21. 2024 High

    Patient-derived proteomics and binding studies positioned ROCK1 as a driver of myeloid inflammatory activation in GVHD and a RIPK4/AMPK regulator in endothelial/diabetic contexts.

    Evidence Kinase proteomics with ROCK1 siRNA/inhibitor in macrophages/DCs and GVHD model; ROCK1-RIPK4 Co-IP with pAMPKα/eNOS readouts in diabetic wound model

    PMID:38199985 PMID:38538716

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether ROCK1-RIPK4 interaction is direct not fully established
    • Substrates linking ROCK1 to NF-κB activation in myeloid cells not identified

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • It remains unresolved which ROCK1 substrates are directly phosphorylated versus indirectly engaged across its many reported contexts, and how isoform-specific substrate preference is structurally encoded.
  • No full-length RhoA-bound structural model defining autoinhibition release
  • Direct in vitro kinase validation lacking for several recent substrates (TFEB, Drp1, Beclin-1)
  • Mechanism of nuclear and centrosomal targeting not defined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 4 GO:0016740 transferase activity 3 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 2
Localization
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2 GO:0005634 nucleus 1 GO:0005815 microtubule organizing center 1
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 3 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 2 R-HSA-5357801 Programmed Cell Death 2
Partners
AURKAFRMD5RHOARIPK4RND3TFEBYAP1ZIPK

Evidence

Reading pass · 31 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1996 The Rho-binding domain of p160ROCK was mapped to amino acids 934–1015 within the carboxyl half of the alpha-helix (residues 727–1021). Point mutations K934M, L941A, E1008A weakened Rho binding, and I1009A abolished it, defining a distinct class of Rho effector motif different from the class-1 Rho effector motif shared by PKN, rhophilin, and rhotekin. Ligand overlay assay using [35S]GTPγS-bound GST-RhoA, yeast two-hybrid system, point mutagenesis, recombinant His-tagged protein fragments The Journal of biological chemistry High 8798490
1997 p160ROCK acts downstream of Rho to induce focal adhesions and stress fibers. Expression of wild-type p160ROCK or constructs containing both the kinase domain and coiled-coil region induced focal adhesions and stress fibers in HeLa cells, whereas a kinase-defective mutant or a mutant lacking the coiled-coil region did not. A dominant-negative mutant defective in both kinase and Rho-binding activities blocked Rho-induced focal adhesion formation but not Rho-induced actin polymerization, indicating a separate effector pathway for the latter. Transfection of wild-type and kinase-dead/domain deletion mutants of p160ROCK into HeLa cells; morphological analysis of focal adhesions and stress fibers; co-expression epistasis FEBS letters High 9119047
1998 p160ROCK activation is necessary and sufficient for agonist-induced neurite retraction and cell rounding in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells. This was accompanied by elevated myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation and disassembly of intermediate filaments and microtubules. The p160ROCK-specific inhibitor Y-27632 blocked both neurite retraction and MLC phosphorylation at similar concentrations. Dominant-negative p160ROCK induced neurite formation in the presence of serum; this outgrowth was blocked by dominant-negative Cdc42 and Rac, indicating that p160ROCK constitutively and negatively regulates Cdc42/Rac-dependent neurite formation. Dominant-active and dominant-negative p160ROCK constructs; pharmacological inhibition with Y-27632; immunofluorescence for MLC phosphorylation, intermediate filaments, and microtubules; epistasis with dominant-negative Cdc42/Rac The Journal of cell biology High 9647654
1998 p160ROCK is an upstream activator of the Na-H exchanger NHE1, acting in the RhoA pathway. Constitutively active p160ROCK stimulated NHE1 activity and phosphorylated NHE1 in vivo and in vitro, and identical NHE1 residues were phosphorylated in both settings. NHE1 activity and phosphorylation were required for p160ROCK-induced actin stress fiber assembly. Y-27632 blocked RhoA- and LPA-induced NHE1 activity and NHE1 phosphorylation. Dominant-interfering p160ROCK blocked RhoA-induced but not Cdc42- or Rac-induced NHE1 activation. In vitro kinase assay of p160ROCK on NHE1 C-terminal fusion protein; phosphopeptide mapping comparing in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation; mutationally active/dominant-interfering p160ROCK constructs; NHE1 inhibitor (EIPA); NHE1-deficient PS120 cells; Y-27632 pharmacology The EMBO journal High 9707430
2000 p160ROCK inhibition in cultured cerebellar granule neurons triggered immediate outgrowth of membrane ruffles and filopodia and generation of axonal processes, potentiated growth cone size and motility, and overexpression of dominant-active Rho or ROCK prevented initiation of axon outgrowth. This establishes the Rho/ROCK pathway as a gate controlling axon outgrowth initiation and growth cone dynamics, likely through regulation of the cortical actin network. Dominant-negative and dominant-active p160ROCK/Rho constructs transfected into cerebellar granule neurons; Y-27632 pharmacological inhibition; live imaging of growth cone dynamics Neuron High 10839361
2001 RhoA-p160ROCK signaling mediates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced stress fiber formation, myosin light chain phosphorylation, and occludin phosphorylation in ECV304 cells. A dominant-negative RhoA or Y-27632 blocked all three LPA-induced events and prevented increased paracellular permeability. For histamine, RhoA/p160ROCK blocked cytoskeletal events but not occludin phosphorylation or increased flux, indicating that occludin phosphorylation can regulate tight junction permeability independently of cytoskeletal events. Dominant-negative RhoA construct; Y-27632 pharmacological inhibition; immunoblot for MLC and occludin phosphorylation; horseradish peroxidase flux assay for tight junction permeability The Journal of biological chemistry High 11139571
2002 p160ROCK is a centrosomal component localizing principally to the mother centriole and an intercentriolar linker. Inhibition of p160ROCK caused centrosome splitting in G1, with the mother centriole displaying wide excursions to the cell periphery. p160ROCK inhibition late after anaphase triggered mother centriole migration to the midbody and completion of cell division, establishing a role for p160ROCK in centrosome positioning and centrosome-dependent exit from mitosis. Immunofluorescence with multiple p160ROCK antibodies; immunoelectron microscopy; siRNA depletion; centrosome tracking/live cell analysis The Journal of cell biology High 12034773
2003 TGF-β stimulates RhoA and p160ROCK activity in epithelial NMuMG cells, leading to p160ROCK translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates the cell-cycle phosphatase Cdc25A. This inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdc25A suppresses Cdk2 activity and contributes to TGF-β-induced G1/S cell cycle arrest. In NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, which lack RhoA/p160ROCK activity in the TGF-β response, growth inhibition is absent. Dominant-negative/active RhoA and p160ROCK constructs; subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence for p160ROCK nuclear localization; Cdc25A phosphorylation assay; Cdk2 kinase assay; cell cycle analysis; genetic epistasis between NMuMG and NIH 3T3 backgrounds Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 14657354
2004 p160ROCK associates with Aurora-A/STK15 in a protein complex. siRNA suppression of Aurora-A blocked mitotic spindle organization and caused G2/M arrest. Simultaneous suppression of p160ROCK by RNAi rescued abnormal spindle formation, released G2/M arrest, and alleviated apoptosis, leading to aneuploid cell accumulation. This epistasis places Aurora-A and p160ROCK in a common pathway governing G2/M progression. Co-immunoprecipitation of Aurora-A and p160ROCK; siRNA knockdown of Aurora-A and p160ROCK individually and in combination; cell cycle analysis; spindle immunofluorescence Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 15178765
2006 ROCK1 directly phosphorylates zipper-interacting protein kinase (ZIPK) at Thr-265 and Thr-299, stoichiometrically activating ZIPK. In HeLa cells, co-expression of ZIPK with ROCK1 shifted the actin phenotype from ROCK-induced focused stress fibers to a Rho-like parallel stress fiber pattern in a Thr-265 phosphorylation-dependent manner, identifying ROCK1 as an upstream activator of ZIPK in smooth muscle and non-muscle cells. Proteomics screen with synthetic ZIPK phosphopeptides followed by mass spectrometry identification of ROCK1; in vitro kinase assay with native ZIPK showing stoichiometric phosphorylation at Thr-265 and Thr-299; co-expression in HeLa cells; phospho-site mutagenesis The Journal of biological chemistry High 17158456
2009 RhoA and activated ROCK1 are sequestered into stress granules (SGs) upon cellular stress. Sequestration of activated ROCK1 into SGs prevents ROCK1 from interacting with JIP-3 (JNK-interacting protein 3) and activating the pro-apoptotic JNK pathway, thereby protecting cells from apoptosis. This defines a regulatory mechanism whereby ROCK1 activity determines cell fate through either promoting SG formation or initiating JNK-dependent apoptosis. Immunofluorescence co-localization of ROCK1/RhoA with SG markers; co-immunoprecipitation of ROCK1 with JIP-3 under stress vs. non-stress conditions; RhoA/ROCK1 dominant-active constructs; JNK activation assay Cellular signalling Medium 20004716
2012 ROCK1 deficiency in MEFs attenuated periphery actomyosin ring formation and preserved central stress fibers, associated with decreased MLC2 phosphorylation but preserved cofilin phosphorylation, reducing cell shrinkage, detachment, and pre-detachment apoptosis. ROCK2 deficiency instead reduced phosphorylation of both MLC2 and cofilin, with different actin phenotypes. This establishes ROCK1 as specifically regulating MLC2 phosphorylation and peripheral actomyosin contraction, while ROCK2 regulates cofilin phosphorylation for cytoskeletal stabilization. ROCK1-/- and ROCK2-/- MEF genetic knockout; immunoblot for p-MLC2 and p-cofilin; pharmacological inhibitors (blebbistatin, cytochalasin D, Y27632); fluorescence microscopy of actin cytoskeleton Cell death & disease High 23392171
2012 ROCK1 inhibition indirectly reduces the activity of upstream RhoA through stimulation of Tiam1-induced Rac1 activity, revealing a feedback loop by which ROCK1 modulates the functional balance of Rho-family GTPases. Combined pharmacological (ROCK1 inhibitors) and genetic (siRNA knockdown) approach; Rac1 and RhoA activity assays (pull-down/G-LISA); Tiam1 involvement assessed by knockdown Cellular signalling Medium 22430126
2013 ROCK1 in bone marrow-derived (leukocyte) cells mediates neointima formation following vascular injury. Haploinsufficient Rock1+/- mice showed reduced neointima formation, smooth muscle cell proliferation/survival, adhesion molecule expression, and leukocyte infiltration compared to WT and Rock2+/- mice. Reciprocal bone marrow transplantation confirmed that leukocyte-derived ROCK1, not vessel wall ROCK1, drives neointima formation. Rock1+/- and Rock2+/- haploinsufficient mice; carotid artery ligation model; reciprocal bone marrow transplantation; histology/immunohistochemistry; peritoneal leukocyte recruitment assay The Journal of clinical investigation High 18414683
2013 HIF-1α and HIF-2α (hypoxia-inducible factors) coordinately activate RhoA and ROCK1 expression in breast cancer cells, leading to MLC and FAK phosphorylation, actin-myosin contractility, focal adhesion formation, and cell motility. This places ROCK1 as a transcriptional target of HIFs and a node in the HIF→RhoA→ROCK1→MLC→FAK oncogenic signaling cascade. HIF1A/HIF2A knockdown and overexpression; immunoblot for p-MLC and p-FAK; cell contraction and motility assays; luciferase reporter for RhoA and ROCK1 promoters Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 24324133
2014 FRMD5, a FERM domain protein, interacts physically with ROCK1 and inhibits its activation, resulting in reduced myosin light chain phosphorylation and reduced actin stress fiber formation, thereby inhibiting cell migration in lung cancer cells. FRMD5 also interacts with integrin β5 cytoplasmic tail, defining a dual pathway for migration inhibition. Co-immunoprecipitation of FRMD5 with ROCK1 and integrin β5; ROCK1 kinase activity assay; immunofluorescence for stress fibers and p-MLC; FRMD5 overexpression/knockdown with migration assays FEBS letters Medium 25448675
2015 ROCK1 mediates formation of stable actomyosin filament bundles that initiate front-back polarity in migrating fibroblasts and dendritic spine polarity in neurons. ROCK2 regulates contractile force, Rac1 activity at the leading edge, and cofilin-mediated actin remodeling at adhesions and spine heads, defining distinct downstream pathways for the two ROCK isoforms. ROCK1 and ROCK2 isoform-specific shRNA knockdown; live-cell imaging of actin dynamics; immunofluorescence for actomyosin bundles and adhesions; cofilin phosphorylation assay; migration and spine morphology analysis The Journal of cell biology High 26169356
2015 EV-encapsulated caspase-3 from hyperoxia-injured lung epithelial cells activates alveolar macrophages via the ROCK1 pathway, inducing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and neutrophil infiltration. This defines a caspase-3→ROCK1 signaling axis in macrophage activation by extracellular vesicles. In vitro macrophage treatment with isolated EVs; ROCK1 inhibitor treatment; caspase-3-deficient EV generation; BALF cytokine/cell count analysis; in vivo intranasal EV delivery in mice Cell death & disease Medium 26658190
2016 ROCK1 stimulates endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in glomerular endothelial cells under high-glucose conditions. Inhibition of ROCK1 blocked EndMT and increased endothelial permeability, while ROCK1 overexpression induced these changes. In db/db mice, fasudil (ROCK1 inhibitor) suppressed α-SMA expression in glomerular endothelium and reduced albuminuria, establishing ROCK1 as a driver of diabetic glomerular injury. ROCK1 overexpression and inhibition (fasudil) in glomerular endothelial cells; immunofluorescence for EndMT markers (CD31, α-SMA); permeability assay; db/db mouse model treated with fasudil Scientific reports Medium 26842599
2016 ROCK1 deficiency in bone marrow-derived mast cells results in delayed maturation in response to IL-3, reduced growth in response to SCF, and impaired integrin-mediated adhesion/migration and IgE-mediated degranulation. Mechanistically, ROCK1 acts through LIM kinase (LIMK) downstream in mast cells; ROCK1-deficient BMMCs show reduced activation of ROCK, LIMK, AKT, and ERK1/2 upon SCF stimulation. Rock1-/- BMMC derivation; IL-3/SCF stimulation assays; integrin adhesion and migration assays; IgE degranulation assay; immunoblot for ROCK, LIMK, AKT, ERK1/2 phosphorylation; passive cutaneous anaphylaxis model Oncotarget High 26943578
2018 ROCK1 directly interacts with ZIPK in a complex identified by mass spectrometry, phosphorylates ZIPK at Thr-265 and Thr-299 to activate it. Crystal/co-crystal structures of early lead compounds were obtained in PKA, ROCK1, and ROCK2, identifying key residues (Asp176 and Asp218 in ROCK2; Glu in PKA) in the ATP-binding site that distinguish ROCK kinase selectivity from the broader kinome. Co-crystal structures of ROCK1 and ROCK2 with inhibitors; structure-based drug design; enzyme assays; cell-based assays Journal of medicinal chemistry High 30384606
2018 ROCK1 deficiency restores autophagic flux and reduces doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Molecular analysis showed that ROCK1 knockout reduced Beclin 1-mediated autophagy initiation by increasing association of Beclin 1 with Bcl-2/Bcl-XL, associated with reduced Beclin 1 phosphorylation at Thr119. Cardiomyocyte-specific ROCK1 knockout partially reproduced the cardioprotective phenotype, indicating ROCK1 in both cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes mediates doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. ROCK1-/- and MHC-Cre/ROCK1fl/fl mice; doxorubicin cardiotoxicity model; immunoprecipitation of Beclin 1 with Bcl-2/Bcl-XL; immunoblot for p62/SQSTM1, LC3-II, Beclin 1 phosphorylation; apoptosis markers Oncotarget High 29560126
2018 lnc-31, a cytoplasmic lncRNA required for myoblast proliferation, promotes ROCK1 protein synthesis by stabilizing the translational activator YB-1. lnc-31 binds both Rock1 mRNA and the YB-1 protein, and physical interaction between the two RNA species is required for translational activation of Rock1. RNA immunoprecipitation of lnc-31 with YB-1 and Rock1 mRNA; lnc-31 knockdown/overexpression with ROCK1 protein measurement; ribosome profiling/polysome fractionation; interaction domain mapping Cell reports Medium 29669280
2019 ROCK1 is a key non-redundant positive regulator of apoptotic membrane blebbing and apoptotic body (ApoBD) formation. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of ROCK1, but not PAK2 or LIMK1, abolished membrane blebbing and ApoBD formation. Inhibition of ApoBD formation reduced efficient uptake of apoptotic materials by phagocytes. ROCK1 also plays a role in regulating the onset of secondary necrosis. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of ROCK1, PAK2, and LIMK1; pharmacological inhibition; time-lapse microscopy of blebbing; ApoBD quantification; phagocytosis assays Cell death and differentiation High 31043701
2022 Rnd3 (a Rho family GTPase 3) directly binds ROCK1 in the cytoplasm and inhibits ROCK1-induced Drp1 phosphorylation at Ser616, thereby preventing mitochondrial fission, reducing PANoptosis, and protecting against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Rock1 knockdown nullified the cardioprotective effects of Rnd3, placing ROCK1 as a key node in the Rnd3/ROCK1/Drp1 signaling axis. Co-immunoprecipitation and protein-protein docking of Rnd3 and ROCK1; phospho-Drp1 Ser616 immunoblot; Rnd3 transgenic and knockout mice; Rock1 siRNA knockdown in vitro; mitochondrial morphology imaging; in vivo cardiac function analysis Cell death & disease High 39755713
2022 ROCK1 hyperactivates RhoA/ROCK1/actomyosin signaling downstream of p53 DNA-contact mutants and also mediates signaling required by recurrent Hippo pathway lesions, both of which drive oncogenic TEAD/YAP transcription. ROCK inhibitors selectively antagonized proliferation and motility of human tumors with either mechanism, demonstrating that ROCK1/actomyosin signaling is both necessary and sufficient for oncogenic TEAD/YAP transcriptional activation. p53 mutant expression; ROCK1 knockdown and inhibitor treatment; YAP localization/activity assay; actin cytoskeleton analysis; cell proliferation and motility assays in tumor cell lines; epistasis with Hippo pathway mutants Nature communications High 35121738
2022 ROCK1 phosphorylates TFEB (transcription factor EB) as a previously unknown upstream kinase, independent of mTOR or GSK-3β, thereby regulating lysosomal biogenesis and acidification. ROCK1 elevation impaired lysosomal proteolysis; ROCK1 knockdown promoted TFEB nuclear distribution and lysosome-mediated Aβ clearance. The Rnd3/ROCK1 interaction was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance and proximity ligation assay. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and proximity ligation assay (PLA) for ROCK1-TFEB interaction; AAV-mediated ROCK1 knockdown in APP/PS1 mice; lysosomal acidification and biogenesis assays; TFEB nuclear localization immunofluorescence; behavioral testing Translational neurodegeneration Medium 39497162
2022 ROCK1/MLC2 (myosin light chain 2) signaling is activated in buffalopox virus-infected cells, and ROCK1 inhibition promotes deadenylation of viral mRNA by inhibiting PABP interaction with viral mRNA and enhancing expression of the CCR4-NOT deadenylation complex. ROCK1/MLC2-mediated cell contraction and perinuclear p-MLC2 accumulation positively correlated with viral mRNA/protein synthesis. ROCK1 siRNA depletion and pharmacological inhibitors (Thiazovivin, Y27632); viral mRNA decay assay; PABP co-immunoprecipitation; CCR4-NOT expression analysis; viral genome quantification; progeny virus titration Scientific reports Medium 36280692
2022 ROCK1 modulates YAP1 phosphorylation, promoting its nuclear localization and transcriptional activity in endometrial cancer in response to ECM stiffness. Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed ROCK1-YAP1 interaction; pharmacological ROCK1 inhibition with Y-27632 suppressed YAP1 nuclear localization and reduced tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance. Atomic force microscopy for ECM stiffness measurement; polyacrylamide gels of varying stiffness; co-immunoprecipitation of ROCK1-YAP1; immunofluorescence for YAP1 localization; Y-27632 pharmacological inhibition; xenograft mouse model Cell death & disease Medium 40368918
2024 ROCK1 inhibits pThr172-AMPKα activity by binding to receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 4 (RIPK4), establishing a ROCK1/RIPK4/AMPK pathway. Fasudil and ROCK1 siRNA elevated pThr172-AMPKα, increased eNOS activity, and suppressed mitochondrial ROS in endothelial cells, accelerating wound repair in diabetic mice. Co-immunoprecipitation of ROCK1 with RIPK4 (integrated bioinformatics + Co-IP); ROCK1 siRNA and fasudil treatment; pAMPKα immunoblot; eNOS activity assay; mtROS measurement; diabetic wound healing model in vivo Acta pharmacologica Sinica Medium 38538716
2024 Kinase-specific proteomics of leukocytes from corticosteroid-refractory aGVHD patients identified ROCK1 as the most significantly upregulated kinase. ROCK1/2 inhibition or ROCK1 knockdown in macrophages/dendritic cells reduced CD80, CD86, MHC-II expression and IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, TNF production, impaired T cell activation and cytoskeletal rearrangements (reducing macrophage and DC migration), and reduced NF-κB signaling in myeloid cells. Kinase-specific proteomics of patient leukocytes; ROCK1/2 inhibitor treatment; ROCK1 siRNA knockdown in macrophages/DCs; flow cytometry for CD80, CD86, MHC-II; cytokine ELISA; T cell activation co-culture assay; NF-κB reporter assay; murine GVHD model Nature communications High 38199985

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1997 p160ROCK, a Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase, works downstream of Rho and induces focal adhesions. FEBS letters 461 9119047
1998 Molecular dissection of the Rho-associated protein kinase (p160ROCK)-regulated neurite remodeling in neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells. The Journal of cell biology 423 9647654
2015 The Function of Rho-Associated Kinases ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease. Frontiers in pharmacology 287 26635606
2000 A critical role for a Rho-associated kinase, p160ROCK, in determining axon outgrowth in mammalian CNS neurons. Neuron 258 10839361
2001 Regulation of tight junction permeability and occludin phosphorylation by Rhoa-p160ROCK-dependent and -independent mechanisms. The Journal of biological chemistry 248 11139571
2013 Distinct roles for ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the regulation of cell detachment. Cell death & disease 190 23392171
1998 p160ROCK mediates RhoA activation of Na-H exchange. The EMBO journal 181 9707430
2013 Hypoxia-inducible factors mediate coordinated RhoA-ROCK1 expression and signaling in breast cancer cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 156 24324133
2008 ROCK1 mediates leukocyte recruitment and neointima formation following vascular injury. The Journal of clinical investigation 151 18414683
2015 Lung epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles activate macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses via ROCK1 pathway. Cell death & disease 143 26658190
1996 Identification of the Rho-binding domain of p160ROCK, a Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase. The Journal of biological chemistry 123 8798490
2012 ROCK1 and ROCK2 are required for non-small cell lung cancer anchorage-independent growth and invasion. Cancer research 117 22942252
2002 The Rho-associated protein kinase p160ROCK is required for centrosome positioning. The Journal of cell biology 108 12034773
2018 The Rho Kinase Isoforms ROCK1 and ROCK2 Each Contribute to the Development of Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 102 29211497
2009 RhoA/ROCK1 signaling regulates stress granule formation and apoptosis. Cellular signalling 101 20004716
2003 TGF-beta-induced RhoA and p160ROCK activation is involved in the inhibition of Cdc25A with resultant cell-cycle arrest. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 14657354
2020 Calcium and TRPV4 promote metastasis by regulating cytoskeleton through the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway in endometrial cancer. Cell death & disease 100 33230171
2015 ROCK1 and 2 differentially regulate actomyosin organization to drive cell and synaptic polarity. The Journal of cell biology 97 26169356
2014 Androgen-regulated microRNA-135a decreases prostate cancer cell migration and invasion through downregulating ROCK1 and ROCK2. Oncogene 93 25065599
2000 A p160ROCK-specific inhibitor, Y-27632, attenuates rat hepatic stellate cell growth. Journal of hepatology 93 10845663
2019 LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 promotes tumorigenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of osteosarcoma through RhoC/ROCK1/p38MAPK/Twist1 signaling pathway. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 85 31443665
2016 ROCK1 Induces Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Glomeruli to Aggravate Albuminuria in Diabetic Nephropathy. Scientific reports 81 26842599
2019 DANCR promotes HCC progression and regulates EMT by sponging miR-27a-3p via ROCK1/LIMK1/COFILIN1 pathway. Cell proliferation 76 31038266
2017 Inhibition of ROCK1 kinase modulates both tumor cells and stromal fibroblasts in pancreatic cancer. PloS one 74 28841710
2006 ROCK1 phosphorylates and activates zipper-interacting protein kinase. The Journal of biological chemistry 73 17158456
2015 MicroRNA-144 suppresses osteosarcoma growth and metastasis by targeting ROCK1 and ROCK2. Oncotarget 69 25912304
2004 Suppression of p160ROCK bypasses cell cycle arrest after Aurora-A/STK15 depletion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 68 15178765
2019 ROCK1 but not LIMK1 or PAK2 is a key regulator of apoptotic membrane blebbing and cell disassembly. Cell death and differentiation 61 31043701
2018 The Long Non-coding RNA lnc-31 Interacts with Rock1 mRNA and Mediates Its YB-1-Dependent Translation. Cell reports 53 29669280
2012 DADS downregulates the Rac1-ROCK1/PAK1-LIMK1-ADF/cofilin signaling pathway, inhibiting cell migration and invasion. Oncology reports 53 23233092
2007 Disruption of ROCK1 gene attenuates cardiac dilation and improves contractile function in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 51 18178218
2015 MiR-145 suppresses cell proliferation and motility by inhibiting ROCK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 48 26615424
2019 Sevoflurane Inhibits Glioma Cells Proliferation and Metastasis through miRNA-124-3p/ROCK1 Axis. Pathology oncology research : POR 45 30915607
2017 miR-214-5p Targets ROCK1 and Suppresses Proliferation and Invasion of Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Oncology research 45 28081735
2023 The RhoA-ROCK1/ROCK2 Pathway Exacerbates Inflammatory Signaling in Immortalized and Primary Microglia. Cells 44 37408199
2022 ROCK1 mechano-signaling dependency of human malignancies driven by TEAD/YAP activation. Nature communications 43 35121738
2014 ROCK1 and LIM kinase modulate retrovirus particle release and cell-cell transmission events. Journal of virology 43 24696479
2014 ROCK1, a novel target of miR-145, promotes glioma cell invasion. Molecular medicine reports 42 24573110
2021 Nrf2 regulates cell motility through RhoA-ROCK1 signalling in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Scientific reports 38 33441941
2016 Silencing Drp1 inhibits glioma cells proliferation and invasion by RHOA/ ROCK1 pathway. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 37 27495873
2022 Circular RNA ROCK1, a novel circRNA, suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation and migration via altering the miR-532-5p/PTEN axis. Experimental & molecular medicine 36 35879346
2019 Distinct Roles of ROCK1 and ROCK2 on the Cerebral Ischemia Injury and Subsequently Neurodegenerative Changes. Pharmacology 35 31537002
2012 ROCK1 feedback regulation of the upstream small GTPase RhoA. Cellular signalling 34 22430126
2010 Stretch augments TGF-beta1 expression through RhoA/ROCK1/2, PTK, and PI3K in airway smooth muscle cells. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 34 20511342
2013 ROCK1 & 2 perform overlapping and unique roles in angiogenesis and angiosarcoma tumor progression. Current molecular medicine 33 22934846
2017 CXCL16/ROCK1 signaling pathway exacerbates acute kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 32 29275176
2013 Expression and significance of Rac1, Pak1 and Rock1 in gastric carcinoma. Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology 32 23298303
2019 LINC00339 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells via miR-148a-3p/ROCK1 axes. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 31 31550677
2018 Identification of Selective Dual ROCK1 and ROCK2 Inhibitors Using Structure-Based Drug Design. Journal of medicinal chemistry 31 30384606
2012 ROCK1 and ROCK2 regulate epithelial polarisation and geometric cell shape. Biology of the cell 31 22462535
2016 MicroRNA-300 inhibited glioblastoma progression through ROCK1. Oncotarget 30 27145462
2025 Rnd3 protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through inhibition of PANoptosis in a Rock1/Drp1/mitochondrial fission-dependent manner. Cell death & disease 27 39755713
2023 Baicalin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and metastasis by suppressing ROCK1 signaling. Phytotherapy research : PTR 27 37246830
2014 microRNA-145 inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion by targeting ROCK1. Molecular medicine reports 26 24789502
2022 Sirt6 deficiency contributes to mitochondrial fission and oxidative damage in podocytes via ROCK1-Drp1 signalling pathway. Cell proliferation 25 35842903
2019 MiR-144 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Osteosarcoma via Dual-suppressing RhoA/ROCK1 Signaling Pathway. Molecular pharmacology 25 30674565
2018 Disruption of ROCK1 gene restores autophagic flux and mitigates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Oncotarget 25 29560126
2014 Distinct roles of ROCK1 and ROCK2 during development of porcine preimplantation embryos. Reproduction (Cambridge, England) 25 24803490
2020 ROCK1 inhibitor stabilizes E-cadherin and improves barrier function in experimental necrotizing enterocolitis. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 24 32090605
2018 A Positive Feedback Loop of Profilin-1 and RhoA/ROCK1 Promotes Endothelial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 24 29849894
2018 Lycorine inhibits cell proliferation and migration by inhibiting ROCK1/cofilin‑induced actin dynamics in HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells. Oncology reports 24 30066939
2015 Overexpression of ROCK1 and ROCK2 inhibits human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 24 25755711
2020 Regulating of cell cycle progression by the lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1/miR-324-5p/ROCK1 axis in laryngeal squamous cell cancer. The International journal of biological markers 23 31960744
2014 FERM domain-containing protein FRMD5 regulates cell motility via binding to integrin β5 subunit and ROCK1. FEBS letters 23 25448675
2019 Comparative Study of ROCK1 and ROCK2 in Hippocampal Spine Formation and Synaptic Function. Neuroscience bulletin 22 30826947
2018 MicroRNA-129-5p suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion via targeting ROCK1 in osteosarcoma. Molecular medicine reports 22 29328417
2023 S1PR2/Wnt3a/RhoA/ROCK1/β-catenin signaling pathway promotes diabetic nephropathy by inducting endothelial mesenchymal transition and impairing endothelial barrier function. Life sciences 21 37307963
2022 Liquiritigenin alleviates doxorubicin-induced chronic heart failure via promoting ARHGAP18 and suppressing RhoA/ROCK1 pathway. Experimental cell research 21 34990617
2021 LINC00491 promotes cell growth and metastasis through miR-324-5p/ROCK1 in liver cancer. Journal of translational medicine 21 34876144
2023 RhoA/ROCK1 regulates the mitochondrial dysfunction through Drp1 induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis in endothelial cells. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 20 37278388
2020 Targeting ROCK1/2 blocks cell division and induces mitotic catastrophe in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochemical pharmacology 19 33278350
2020 miR-31 Modulates Liver Cancer HepG2 Cell Apoptosis and Invasion via ROCK1/F-Actin Pathways. OncoTargets and therapy 18 32099392
2018 ARHGEF10L contributes to liver tumorigenesis through RhoA-ROCK1 signaling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Experimental cell research 18 30444969
2021 Circ_0002711 knockdown suppresses cell growth and aerobic glycolysis by modulating miR-1244/ROCK1 axis in ovarian cancer. Journal of biosciences 17 33737494
2019 LINC00339 regulates ROCK1 by miR-152 to promote cell proliferation and migration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of cellular biochemistry 17 31081143
2017 MiR-199a targeting ROCK1 to affect kidney cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology 17 29130345
2017 ROCK1-PredictedmicroRNAs Dysregulation Contributes to Tumor Progression in Ewing Sarcoma. Pathology oncology research : POR 17 29270775
2022 Circular RNA circCSPP1 promotes the occurrence and development of colon cancer by sponging miR-431 and regulating ROCK1 and ZEB1. Journal of translational medicine 16 35101080
2019 Fasudil or genetic depletion of ROCK1 or ROCK2 induces anxiety-like behaviors. Behavioural brain research 16 31302146
2016 ROCK1 via LIM kinase regulates growth, maturation and actin based functions in mast cells. Oncotarget 15 26943578
2022 LncRNA HOXA11-AS promotes vascular endothelial cell injury in atherosclerosis by regulating the miR-515-5p/ROCK1 axis. ESC heart failure 14 35578440
2022 High Glucose Aggravates Retinal Endothelial Cell Dysfunction by Activating the RhoA/ROCK1/pMLC/Connexin43 Signaling Pathway. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 14 35881407
2017 Targeting ROCK2 rather than ROCK1 inhibits Ewing sarcoma malignancy. Oncology reports 14 28112365
2024 ROCK1/2 signaling contributes to corticosteroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease. Nature communications 13 38199985
2024 Atractylenolide-III restrains cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction via suppression of the RhoA/ROCK1 and ERK1/2 pathway. International immunopharmacology 13 39667049
2022 Brusatol Inhibits Proliferation and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer by Targeting and Reversing the RhoA/ROCK1 Pathway. BioMed research international 13 35647190
2022 Identifying Isoononin and Candidissiol as Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) inhibitors: a combined virtual screening and MD simulation approach. Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics 13 35965440
2022 ROCK1/MLC2 inhibition induces decay of viral mRNA in BPXV infected cells. Scientific reports 13 36280692
2020 ROCK1 knockdown inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer progression by activating the LATS2-JNK signaling pathway. Aging 13 32554853
2025 Extracellular matrix stiffness in endometrial cancer: driving progression and modulating treatment sensitivity via the ROCK1/YAP1 axis. Cell death & disease 12 40368918
2024 ROCK1 inhibition improves wound healing in diabetes via RIPK4/AMPK pathway. Acta pharmacologica Sinica 12 38538716
2024 Critical role of ROCK1 in AD pathogenesis via controlling lysosomal biogenesis and acidification. Translational neurodegeneration 12 39497162
2022 MicroRNA-148a Controls Epidermal and Hair Follicle Stem/Progenitor Cells by Modulating the Activities of ROCK1 and ELF5. The Journal of investigative dermatology 12 36116511
2020 LncRNA XIST regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion of glioblastoma via regulating miR-448 and ROCK1. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents 12 33325210
2018 The level of ROCK1 and ROCK2 in patients with pulmonary hypertension in plateau area. Scientific reports 12 29921927
2016 Transcription Factor Sp1 Promotes the Expression of Porcine ROCK1 Gene. International journal of molecular sciences 12 26784181
2024 ARHGAP6 Suppresses Breast Cancer Tumor Growth by Promoting Ferroptosis via RhoA-ROCK1-p38 MAPK Signaling. Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) 11 38287795
2023 Semaphorin 4C regulates ovarian steroidogenesis through RHOA/ROCK1-mediated actin cytoskeleton rearrangement. Molecular human reproduction 11 36892447
2022 GLIPR1 promotes proliferation, metastasis and 5-fluorouracil resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma by activating the PI3K/PDK1/ROCK1 pathway. Cancer gene therapy 11 35760898
2023 Identification of ROCK1 as a novel biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis and pan-cancer analysis. Aging 10 37683138

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