Affinage

RIT1

B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B · UniProt Q9C0K0

Length
894 aa
Mass
95.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 37 papers cited in narrative 37 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RIT1 is a RAS-family small GTPase that, with Rin, defines a distinct subfamily lacking the classical C-terminal lipidation signals of RAS; it binds GTP, possesses intrinsic GTPase activity abolished by the Q79L mutation, exhibits nucleotide exchange roughly four-fold faster than H-RAS, and anchors to the plasma membrane through a C-terminal cluster of basic residues rather than prenylation (PMID:8824319, PMID:10545207, PMID:27226556). In its active state RIT1 engages multiple effectors to drive MAPK and survival signaling: it binds RalGEF-family proteins including RGL3 to activate Ral, and—through both MEK/ERK and p38 MAPK cascades—governs neuronal differentiation, neurite/axonal outgrowth, and dendritic versus axonal growth decisions in neurons, with B-RAF (not C-RAF) as the preferred RAF effector downstream of NGF (PMID:10869344, PMID:11914372, PMID:15632082, PMID:17460085). RIT1 is activated downstream of diverse stimuli including NGF, PACAP38 (via Epac and Src/TrkA transactivation), IFNγ, and Goα, and acts as a central node of a conserved p38 MAPK-dependent oxidative-stress survival pathway: it associates with a scaffolded p38–MK2–HSP27–Akt complex and with the mTORC2 component Sin1, and engages p38–MSK1/2–CREB signaling to induce Bcl-2/Bcl-XL and protect cells, including immature hippocampal neurons, where it sustains IGF-1-driven Akt-dependent Sox2 phosphorylation and adult neurogenesis (PMID:17000774, PMID:18957053, PMID:20219970, PMID:21444726, PMID:21737674, PMID:23038261, PMID:25531880, PMID:28607354). RIT1 also binds PAK1, CDC42, and RAC1 to remodel the actin cytoskeleton and promote motility (PMID:29734338). RIT1 protein abundance is controlled by an LZTR1–Cullin3-RING E3 ligase that ubiquitinates it for proteasomal degradation—with RIT1 being the primary in vivo LZTR1 substrate—and is counteracted by the deubiquitinase USP9X (PMID:30872527, PMID:35467524, PMID:39161959). Gain-of-function RIT1 mutations either accelerate nucleotide exchange or impair GTP hydrolysis, escaping LZTR1-mediated degradation to cause RIT1 accumulation and RAF/MAPK hyperactivation, and cause Noonan syndrome and drive lung adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma; mutant RIT1 additionally silences the spindle assembly checkpoint by sequestering MAD2, promoting chromosome mis-segregation (PMID:23791108, PMID:24469055, PMID:27226556, PMID:34237269, PMID:40644578).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 23 steps
  1. 1996 Medium

    Establishing that RIT1 is a GTP-binding RAS-related protein that reaches the membrane without lipidation answered whether a new RAS subfamily member existed and how it could localize without prenylation.

    Evidence Degenerate PCR cloning, in vitro GTP-binding assay, and deletion analysis of the C-terminal basic cluster

    PMID:8824319

    Open questions at the time
    • Effectors and downstream pathways not defined
    • GTPase cycle kinetics not quantified
  2. 1999 High

    Biochemical characterization defined RIT1 as a bona fide GTPase with unusually fast nucleotide exchange and an initial effector repertoire, answering how its enzymatic cycle compares to RAS.

    Evidence Recombinant GTPase and nucleotide-dissociation kinetics, Q79L active-site mutagenesis, and yeast two-hybrid against candidate effectors

    PMID:10545207

    Open questions at the time
    • Raf binding not detected in this assay, leaving effector identity unsettled
    • No cellular function established
  3. 2000 High

    Demonstrating that activated RIT1 transforms cells and that RGL3 is a GTP-dependent RIT1 effector linked RIT1 to oncogenic potential and to Ral activation.

    Evidence Constitutively active RIT1 transformation/xenograft assays plus yeast two-hybrid and in vitro/in vivo RGL3-Ral GEF activity

    PMID:10869344 PMID:11032018

    Open questions at the time
    • Transformation occurred without measurable canonical MAPK/PI3K activation, leaving the effective effector unclear
    • Identity of the required farnesylated cofactor not determined
  4. 2002 High

    Showing that active RIT1 drives MEK/ERK- and p38γ-dependent neuronal differentiation and survival defined its core role as a MAPK-coupled differentiation/survival GTPase.

    Evidence Constitutively active RIT1 in PC6 and NIH3T3 cells with dominant-negative C-Raf/MEK, isoform-specific kinase assays, and pharmacological MEK inhibition

    PMID:11821041 PMID:11914372

    Open questions at the time
    • Cell-type specificity of ERK activation unexplained
    • Upstream activators not identified
  5. 2003 Medium

    Dissecting neurite parameters revealed both MEK-dependent and MEK-independent arms of RIT1 signaling, refining how a single GTPase shapes neuronal morphology.

    Evidence Adenoviral RIT1 mutants in SH-SY5Y cells with quantitative neurite morphometry and MEK inhibition

    PMID:12668729

    Open questions at the time
    • MEK-independent effector(s) for elongation/branching not identified
  6. 2005 High

    Identifying NGF as a physiologic RIT1 activator acting through B-RAF and PAR6 binding placed RIT1 in receptor-driven differentiation signaling with effector specificity.

    Evidence GTP-loading assays, B-Raf/C-Raf binding, siRNA knockdown, and PAR6 PDZ co-IP/in vitro binding plus NIH3T3 transformation

    PMID:15632082 PMID:15831491

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of B-RAF preference not structurally explained
    • Functional role of the PAR6 ternary complex in neurons not tested
  7. 2006 High

    Linking PACAP38–cAMP–Epac to selective p38/CREB-dependent RIT1 signaling answered how G-protein-coupled receptor inputs route through RIT1 independent of Rap.

    Evidence RIT1 activation assay, RNAi, PKA inhibitors, CREB reporter, and neurite outgrowth assays

    PMID:17000774

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct GEF for RIT1 downstream of Epac not identified
  8. 2007 High

    Demonstrating opposite RIT1 effects on axonal versus dendritic growth and confirming RalGEF-independent neuritogenesis defined how RIT1-ERK signaling polarizes neuronal arborization.

    Evidence Dominant-negative/active RIT1 in hippocampal and sympathetic neurons, GTP-loading, MEK inhibition, and effector-loop mutagenesis with PAR6 co-IP

    PMID:17460085 PMID:17976838

    Open questions at the time
    • How BMP7 lowers RIT1-GTP not resolved
    • Spatial restriction role of PAR6 inferred but not directly demonstrated
  9. 2008 Medium

    Identifying IFNγ and Goα as RIT1 activators extended its upstream inputs to cytokine and heterotrimeric G-protein signaling controlling dendritic retraction and differentiation.

    Evidence GTP-loading, dominant-negative/RNAi RIT1, p38 inhibition with dendritic morphometry, and Goα co-IP with ERK readout

    PMID:18388731 PMID:18957053

    Open questions at the time
    • Goα–RIT1 link rests on single co-IP without reciprocal validation
    • Direct versus indirect coupling of IFNγ receptor to RIT1 unresolved
  10. 2010 High

    Resolving the PACAP–Src–TrkA–SOS axis explained the indirect mechanism by which GPCR signaling activates RIT1, implicating a TrkA/Shc/SOS complex.

    Evidence RIT1 activation assay with Src inhibitor, TrkA Y499 mutants, phospho-Western, and SOS1/2 RNAi

    PMID:20219970

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether SOS acts directly on RIT1 not biochemically demonstrated
  11. 2011 High

    Defining a RIT1-scaffolded p38–MK2–HSP27–Akt complex conserved from Drosophila to mouse established RIT1 as a dedicated oxidative-stress survival GTPase distinct from RAS/Rap.

    Evidence shRNAi, active RIT1, reciprocal co-IP of the complex, RIT1 knockout MEFs and Drosophila D-RIC nulls under multiple stresses

    PMID:21444726 PMID:21737674

    Open questions at the time
    • How RIT1 nucleates the scaffold mechanistically unknown
    • Stress selectivity (ROS but not ER stress/DNA damage) mechanism unexplained
  12. 2012 High

    Extending the survival pathway to p38–MSK1/2–CREB transcription and to immature hippocampal neurons in vivo connected RIT1 to anti-apoptotic gene programs and adult neurogenesis.

    Evidence RNAi/inhibitor/active-RIT1 with CREB reporter and Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Westerns; RIT1 knockout mice with TBI model and cell-type-specific markers; neuron-specific active-RIT1 transgenic mice

    PMID:22815504 PMID:23038261 PMID:23123784

    Open questions at the time
    • Cell-type selectivity (Dcx+ vs Nestin+) mechanism not defined
    • Relative contribution of CREB targets to survival not quantified
  13. 2013 High

    Identifying gain-of-function RIT1 mutations in Noonan syndrome patients established RIT1 as a RASopathy gene and tied its activity to ELK1/MAPK output.

    Evidence Exome/Sanger sequencing, ELK1 luciferase reporter for five mutants, and zebrafish mRNA developmental model

    PMID:23791108

    Open questions at the time
    • Biochemical basis of mutant activation not yet defined
    • Effector pathway driving developmental phenotypes not pinpointed
  14. 2014 High

    Discovering somatic RIT1 mutations in lung adenocarcinoma and a RIT1–Sin1/mTORC2 survival link defined RIT1 as a stand-alone oncogenic driver coupling to PI3K/Akt-related signaling.

    Evidence Cancer genome sequencing, transformation and xenograft assays with combined PI3K+MEK inhibition; Rit–Sin1 co-IP and mTORC2/Akt assays in Rit-/- cells

    PMID:24469055 PMID:25531880

    Open questions at the time
    • Sin1 interaction shown by co-IP in single lab without reciprocal structural validation
    • How mutant RIT1 engages both MEK and PI3K arms not fully resolved
  15. 2016 High

    Biochemically classifying RIT1 mutations into exchange-accelerating versus hydrolysis-impairing groups explained at the GTPase-cycle level how disease variants increase the active GTP-bound state.

    Evidence Real-time NMR GTPase assays for RIT1 and mutants plus RBD pulldowns in HEK293T cells

    PMID:27226556

    Open questions at the time
    • Link between GTP loading and protein stability not addressed here
  16. 2016 High

    Defining a RIT1–Akt–Sox2 axis with phosphorylation at T118 showed how RIT1 controls neural precursor proliferation and IGF-1/exercise-driven hippocampal neurogenesis.

    Evidence RIT1-/- HNPCs and mice, Sox2-T118 phospho-specific Westerns, Akt inhibition, and in vivo IGF-1 infusion and exercise models

    PMID:28007959 PMID:28607354

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism coupling RIT1 to Akt activation in precursors not detailed
  17. 2018 High

    Identifying PAK1, CDC42, and RAC1 as direct RIT1 partners revealed a cytoskeletal/motility effector arm and showed disease mutants enhance these interactions independent of growth-factor cues.

    Evidence Purified-protein pulldowns, co-IP, stress-fiber/focal-adhesion imaging, migration assays, and dominant-negative/kinase-dead rescue

    PMID:29734338

    Open questions at the time
    • Nucleotide-independence of binding mechanistically unexplained
    • Contribution of motility to disease phenotypes not tested in vivo
  18. 2019 High

    Establishing LZTR1-Cullin3 as the E3 adaptor degrading RIT1 unified RIT1 and LZTR1 mutations under a single mechanism: failed degradation, RIT1 accumulation, and signaling dysregulation.

    Evidence Mass spectrometry, co-IP, proteasome-inhibitor assays, and an isogenic RIT1 knock-in Noonan-like mouse; A57G knock-in cardiac model with phospho-Akt analysis

    PMID:30872527 PMID:30898653

    Open questions at the time
    • How switch-II mutations physically evade LZTR1 binding not structurally resolved
    • Relative roles of Akt vs ERK in cardiac phenotype not dissected
  19. 2021 High

    Demonstrating that RIT1 controls mitotic progression by sequestering MAD2 from the MCC and that RIT1 abundance phenocopies oncogenic signaling defined a checkpoint-silencing, aneuploidy-promoting function.

    Evidence Live-cell imaging, RIT1–MAD2/p31comet co-IP, CDK1-inhibitor experiments, and aneuploidy assays; multiomic profiling of isogenic lung epithelial cells

    PMID:34237269 PMID:34846918

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of MAD2 sequestration unknown
    • How a membrane GTPase relocates to spindle checkpoint machinery not fully explained
  20. 2022 High

    Genetic epistasis showing Rit1 co-deletion rescues Lztr1-null lethality established RIT1 as the primary in vivo LZTR1 substrate across species.

    Evidence Drosophila and mouse Lztr1 knockouts, Lztr1/Rit1 double knockout rescue, and ubiquitination/substrate-preference assays

    PMID:35467524

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether residual classical RAS degradation by LZTR1 contributes to phenotypes not quantified
  21. 2023 High

    Showing that membrane-bound mutant RIT1 requires lipid binding and classical RAS to activate RAF/MAPK, and that RIT1 protects SMC3 acetylation in mitosis, refined how RIT1 drives signaling and proliferation.

    Evidence RAF co-IP, lipid-binding mutagenesis, RAS-depletion MAPK assays, in vivo cardiac rescue; SMC3/PDS5 co-IP/MS and RIT1-knockdown cell-cycle phenotypes in HCC

    PMID:37450595 PMID:38017479

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which RIT1 maintains SMC3 acetylation unknown
    • Why RAF binding is insufficient without RAS not structurally explained
  22. 2024 Medium

    Identifying USP9X as a RIT1 deubiquitinase and a determinant of EGFR-inhibitor sensitivity opened a therapeutic axis targeting RIT1 protein stability.

    Evidence USP9X depletion, RIT1 stability and ubiquitination assays, and EGFR-inhibitor sensitivity in vitro and in vivo

    PMID:39161959

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct USP9X–RIT1 binding interface not mapped
    • Generality across RIT1 mutant classes not established
  23. 2025 High

    Demonstrating that physiologic RIT1 M90I drives autochthonous lung tumors sensitive to SHP2, nucleotide-exchange, and RAS tri-complex inhibitors validated RIT1 as a druggable oncogenic GTPase.

    Evidence Autochthonous mouse lung tumor models, SHP2 and exchange inhibitors, and direct tri-complex inhibitor binding to GTP-bound RIT1

    PMID:40644578

    Open questions at the time
    • Durability and resistance mechanisms to tri-complex inhibitors not addressed
    • Applicability across the full RIT1 mutant spectrum not tested

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How RIT1's intrinsic nucleotide exchange, membrane association, and effector selection are physically coordinated—and which GEFs/GAPs operate on RIT1 in vivo—remains unresolved.
  • No direct RIT1 GEF or GAP identified
  • No structural model of RIT1-effector or RIT1-LZTR1 complexes
  • Membrane-anchoring mechanism rests partly on computational simulation lacking experimental validation

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 3 GO:0003924 GTPase activity 2 GO:0008289 lipid binding 2
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 2
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 3 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-8953897 Cellular responses to stimuli 3 R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle 2
Partners
BRAFCDC42LZTR1MAD2PAK1RAC1RGL3USP9X
Complex memberships
LZTR1-Cullin3-RING E3 ligase (substrate)mTORC2 (via Sin1)p38-MK2-HSP27-Akt pro-survival complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 37 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1996 RIT1 (Rit) and Rin define a novel subfamily of Ras-related proteins. Rit binds GTP in vitro, is ubiquitously expressed, and localizes to the plasma membrane despite lacking classical C-terminal lipidation signals; a C-terminal cluster of basic amino acids is important for Rit membrane binding (deletion analysis). Degenerate PCR cloning, GTP-binding assay in vitro, deletion analysis, subcellular localization by expression in cells The Journal of Neuroscience Medium 8824319
1999 RIT1 (Rit) and Rin exhibit intrinsic GTPase activity; conversion of Gln79 to Leu (equivalent to Ras position 61) abolishes GTPase activity. Both proteins display higher GTP dissociation rates (5–10× faster) than most Ras-like GTPases. Yeast two-hybrid analysis showed Rit and Rin interact with RalGDS, Rlf, and AF-6/Canoe in a GTP- and effector domain-dependent manner, but not with Raf kinases, RIN1, or the p110 subunit of PI3K. Recombinant protein biochemical characterization (GTPase assay, nucleotide dissociation kinetics), active-site mutagenesis (Q79L), yeast two-hybrid Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics High 10545207
2000 Constitutively active Rit (Rit79L) transforms NIH3T3 cells (soft agar, tumor formation in nude mice) without activating ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK, or PI3K/Akt in immune complex kinase assays. Rit cooperates with Raf and RhoA to form foci. Rit-transformed cell survival depends on a farnesylated protein (farnesyltransferase inhibitors caused apoptosis), despite Rit itself lacking lipidation signals. Stable NIH3T3 expression of constitutively active Rit, soft agar assay, nude mouse tumorigenesis, immune complex kinase assays, focus assays, farnesyltransferase inhibitor treatment Oncogene High 11032018
2000 RGL3, a novel RalGEF-like protein, interacts with RIT1 (Rit) in a GTP- and effector loop-dependent manner via its C-terminal 99-amino acid domain. RGL3 exhibits guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward the small GTPase Ral, and this activity is stimulated in vivo by activated Rit or Ras, identifying RGL3 as a Rit downstream effector. Yeast two-hybrid screen, in vitro GEF assay for Ral, in vivo co-expression of activated Rit/Ras with RGL3 The Journal of Biological Chemistry High 10869344
2002 Constitutively active Rit (RitL79) in PC6 pheochromocytoma cells induces neuronal differentiation (neurite outgrowth) and promotes cell survival against growth factor withdrawal. Rit-mediated effects on neurite outgrowth and survival were blocked by dominant-negative C-Raf1 or MEK1 co-expression. Active Rit stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation in PC6 cells but not COS cells, indicating cell-type specificity. Survival did not involve PI3K/Akt. Constitutively active mutant expression in PC6 cells, dominant-negative co-expression, Western blot for ERK phosphorylation, pharmacological MEK inhibition, apoptosis assay The Journal of Biological Chemistry High 11914372
2002 Constitutively active Rit stimulates p38γ but not p38α, p38δ, ERK5, or classical MAPK in NIH3T3 cells, and p38γ activation is required for Rit-stimulated gene expression and cellular transformation. Overexpression of activated Rit mutants, kinase activity assays for individual p38 isoforms and ERK5, luciferase reporter assays FEBS Letters Medium 11821041
2003 In human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, constitutively active Rit increases neurite initiation, elongation, and branching. MEK inhibition blocked Rit-induced neurite initiation but not elongation or branching, demonstrating both MEK-dependent and MEK-independent signaling mechanisms downstream of Rit. Adenoviral expression of Rit mutants, image analysis of neurite morphology, MEK inhibitor (PD098059), Western blot for ERK1/2 and Akt Journal of Cell Science Medium 12668729
2005 NGF stimulation rapidly and sustainably activates Rit in PC6 cells. Active Rit promotes neuronal differentiation via B-Raf (not C-Raf) activation leading to sustained ERK and p38 MAPK signaling. Rit-induced differentiation is dependent on both MEK/ERK and p38 cascades. Rit knockdown by siRNA significantly attenuated NGF-dependent p38 and ERK activation and neuronal differentiation. Rit activation assay (GTP-loading), B-Raf/C-Raf binding assay, MEK and p38 pharmacological inhibitors, Rit siRNA knockdown in PC6 cells, neuronal differentiation assay Molecular and Cellular Biology High 15632082
2005 Rin and Rit directly bind to the PDZ domain of PAR6 (cell polarity protein) in a GTP-dependent manner both in vivo and in vitro. Rin/Rit can form a ternary complex with PAR6 and Rac/Cdc42 that synergistically potentiates cell transformation in NIH3T3 cells; the Rin/Rit–PDZ interaction is required for this effect. Co-immunoprecipitation (in vivo), in vitro binding assay with purified proteins, NIH3T3 transformation/focus assay The Journal of Biological Chemistry Medium 15831491
2006 PACAP38 activates Rit in a cAMP-dependent but PKA-independent manner downstream of the Epac guanine nucleotide exchange factor. Rit knockdown (RNAi) selectively suppressed PACAP38-elicited p38 MAPK activation (but not ERK) and inhibited PACAP38-mediated CREB-dependent transcription and neurite outgrowth. Epac is required for PACAP38-mediated Rit activation, but neither Epac1 nor Epac2 activates Rit directly, indicating a novel indirect mechanism not involving Rap GTPases. Rit activation assay, RNAi knockdown, pharmacological inhibition (PKA inhibitors), p38/ERK Western blot, CREB luciferase reporter, neurite outgrowth assay Molecular and Cellular Biology High 17000774
2007 Dominant-negative Rit in hippocampal neurons inhibits axonal growth but potentiates dendritic growth; constitutively active Rit promotes axonal growth but inhibits dendritic growth. BMP7 treatment that promotes dendritic growth decreases Rit-GTP loading. Pharmacological MEK1 inhibition blocks the axon-promoting and dendrite-inhibiting effects of active Rit, placing Rit upstream of ERK1/2 in differential axonal versus dendritic regulation. Dominant-negative and constitutively active Rit expression in primary hippocampal and sympathetic neurons, GTP-loading assay, MEK inhibitor, morphometric analysis The Journal of Neuroscience High 17460085
2007 Rit effector loop mutant analysis demonstrated that Rit-mediated neuritogenesis requires MEK/ERK signaling but is independent of RalGEF activation. A novel mechanism of Par6 interaction was identified in vivo binding studies, suggesting Par6 may spatially restrict Rit signaling. Effector loop mutagenesis of Rit, in vivo binding assays (Co-IP), MEK inhibitor-based dissection of neuritogenesis Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Medium 17976838
2008 IFNγ activates Rit (increased GTP loading) in pheochromocytoma cells and hippocampal neurons. Dominant-negative Rit or Rit RNAi suppressed IFNγ-induced p38 MAPK activation and dendritic retraction in sympathetic and hippocampal neurons. Pharmacological p38 inhibition blocked the dendrite-retracting effect without affecting STAT1 activation, identifying a novel IFNγ–Rit–p38 pathway controlling dendritic retraction. GTP-loading assay, dominant-negative Rit expression, RNAi knockdown, p38 inhibitor, dendritic morphometry, STAT1 Western blot Journal of Neurochemistry High 18957053
2008 Rit (Goalpha-interacting protein identified by co-IP): the α-subunit of Go (Goalpha) interacts with Rit. Dominant-negative Rit inhibited Goalpha-induced neurite outgrowth and ERK phosphorylation in Neuro2a cells, establishing Rit as a downstream effector of Goalpha-mediated neuronal differentiation. Co-immunoprecipitation, dominant-negative Rit expression, ERK phosphorylation Western blot, neurite outgrowth assay Neuroreport Medium 18388731
2010 PACAP-mediated Rit activation involves Src family kinase-dependent TrkA receptor transactivation. PACR1 stimulation triggers Gi-alpha and Gs-alpha/cAMP/Epac cascades leading to Src kinase activity and TrkA tyrosine phosphorylation. Src inhibition or lack of functional Trk receptors inhibits PACAP-mediated Rit activation. TrkA Y499 phosphorylation is critical for both PACAP-mediated transactivation and Rit activation. RNAi silencing of SOS1/2 inhibited Rit activation, implicating a TrkA/Shc/SOS complex in Rit regulation. Rit activation assay, Src inhibitor, TrkA mutants, phospho-Western blot, RNAi knockdown of SOS1/2 Molecular Biology of the Cell High 20219970
2011 Rit promotes cell survival by directing a p38 MAPK-dependent Akt activation pathway. Rit shRNAi-treated cells show increased apoptosis and disrupted p38 signaling after stress. Constitutively active Rit promotes p38-Akt-dependent survival. Rit (but not Ras or Rap) associates with and is required for stress-mediated activation of the scaffolded p38-MK2-HSP27-Akt pro-survival complex. shRNAi knockdown, constitutively active Rit expression, Co-IP (Rit with p38/MK2/HSP27/Akt), apoptosis assay, Western blot for signaling components Molecular and Cellular Biology High 21444726
2011 Rit GTPase is required for an evolutionarily conserved p38 MAPK-dependent oxidative stress survival pathway. Rit knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts display increased apoptosis and selective disruption of p38-MK2-HSP27 signaling and downstream Akt activation (directing Bad phosphorylation) upon ROS exposure, but not after ER stress or DNA damage. Drosophila D-RIC null flies show increased susceptibility to environmental stresses and reduced p38 signaling, extending the pathway to invertebrates. Rit knockout mice (MEFs), Drosophila D-RIC null mutants, apoptosis assays, Western blot (p38/MK2/HSP27/Akt/Bad phosphorylation) Molecular Biology of the Cell High 21737674
2012 Rit-mediated stress resistance requires a p38-MSK1/2-CREB activation cascade. Rit shRNAi silencing, p38 inhibition, or MSK1/2 inhibition disrupts stress-mediated CREB-dependent transcription and increases cell death. Active Rit stimulates CREB-Ser133 phosphorylation and induces Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL expression to promote survival. RNAi knockdown of Rit, pharmacological inhibition of p38 and MSK1/2, constitutively active Rit expression, CREB-Ser133 phospho-Western, luciferase reporter for CREB-dependent transcription, Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Western blot The Journal of Biological Chemistry Medium 23038261
2012 Rit GTPase promotes survival of immature (Dcx+) hippocampal neurons but not neural progenitors (Nestin+) following oxidative stress. Rit-/- mice exhibit greater loss of adult-born immature neurons and blunted remodeling after traumatic brain injury. Rit-/- hippocampal cultures show blunted MAPK cascade activation after oxidative stress without affecting BDNF-dependent signaling. Rit knockout mice, hippocampal cultures, TBI model, immunofluorescence (Dcx/Nestin markers), Western blot for MAPK activation, apoptosis assay The Journal of Neuroscience High 22815504
2012 Transgenic expression of constitutively active Rit (Q79L) selectively in neurons (Synapsin I promoter) confers dramatic oxidative stress resistance in hippocampal neurons. Pharmacological studies demonstrated p38 MAPK (not MEK/ERK) is required for Rit-mediated neuronal protection. Transgenic mouse overexpressing active Rit in neurons, pharmacological p38 and MEK inhibitors, oxidative stress challenge of hippocampal neurons Neuroscience Letters Medium 23123784
2013 Gain-of-function missense mutations in RIT1 cause Noonan syndrome. Five RIT1 mutations identified in patients enhanced ELK1 transactivation in luciferase assays in NIH 3T3 cells. Introduction of mutant RIT1 mRNAs into zebrafish embryos caused craniofacial abnormalities, cardiac looping defects, hypoplastic heart chambers, and elongated yolk sac—phenotypes consistent with other RASopathy mutations. Exome sequencing (discovery), Sanger sequencing (validation), ELK1 luciferase reporter assay in NIH 3T3 cells, zebrafish mRNA injection model American Journal of Human Genetics High 23791108
2014 Somatic RIT1 mutations clustering near the switch II domain occur in ~2% of lung adenocarcinomas and are mutually exclusive with all other known driver mutations. Ectopic expression of mutant RIT1 induces cellular transformation in vitro and tumor formation in vivo (xenografts), reversible by combined PI3K and MEK inhibition. Cancer genome sequencing (discovery), ectopic expression in cell lines (transformation assay), xenograft in vivo models, combined PI3K+MEK inhibitor treatment Oncogene High 24469055
2014 mTORC2 is a critical downstream mediator of Rit-dependent survival signaling in response to ROS. Rit physically interacts with Sin1 (MAPKAP1, an mTORC2 component). Rit loss compromises ROS-dependent mTORC2 complex activation and blunts mTORC2-mediated phosphorylation of Akt. Co-immunoprecipitation (Rit–Sin1 interaction), ROS treatment, mTORC2 activity assay, Akt phosphorylation Western blot in Rit-/- cells PloS One Medium 25531880
2016 RIT1 disease-associated mutations biochemically fall into two classes: mutations S35T, A57G, and Y89H exhibit accelerated nucleotide exchange (increased GTP loading), while F82V and T83P impair GTP hydrolysis. RIT1 intrinsic nucleotide exchange rate is ~4-fold faster than H-RAS. All disease-associated mutations increase the GTP-loaded activated state of RIT1 in vitro and in cells. Real-time NMR-based GTPase assay for RIT1 and disease-associated mutants, Ras-binding domain pulldown assay in HEK293T cells The Journal of Biological Chemistry High 27226556
2016 RIT1 controls Sox2 transcriptional activity in hippocampal neuronal precursor cells via an Akt-dependent signaling cascade, leading to Sox2 stabilization and transcriptional activation. RIT1 loss blunts Akt signaling and neurogenesis. In vivo, Sox2-dependent hippocampal neurogenesis is significantly impaired after IGF-1 infusion in RIT1-/- mice. Hippocampal neuronal precursor cell culture, RIT1-/- knockout mice, Sox2 phosphorylation Western blot, Akt inhibition, gene expression profiling, in vivo IGF-1 infusion The Journal of Biological Chemistry Medium 28007959
2017 IGF-1 stimulates a RIT1-dependent increase in Sox2 levels in hippocampal neuronal precursor cells, resulting in pro-neural gene expression and cellular proliferation. RIT1 stimulates Akt-dependent phosphorylation of Sox2 at T118, leading to its stabilization and transcriptional activation. RIT1-/- HNPCs show deficient IGF-1-dependent Akt signaling and neuronal differentiation. Exercise-mediated potentiation of hippocampal neurogenesis is diminished in RIT1-/- mice. Hippocampal neuronal precursor cell culture, RIT1-/- knockout mice, Sox2-T118 phospho-specific Western blot, Akt inhibition, in vivo IGF-1 infusion, running exercise model Scientific Reports High 28607354
2018 RIT1 directly interacts with PAK1 (identified as a novel direct effector), and also directly interacts with the Rho GTPases CDC42 and RAC1; these interactions are independent of the guanine nucleotide bound to RIT1. Disease-causing RIT1 mutations enhance protein-protein interactions with PAK1, CDC42, and RAC1 and uncouple complex formation from serum/growth factor dependence. The RIT1-PAK1 complex regulates cytoskeletal rearrangements (dissolution of stress fibers, reduction of focal adhesions) via CDC42/RAC1 and kinase-active PAK1. RIT1 wildtype and disease variants enhance cell motility. Heterologous expression, pulldown with purified recombinant proteins, Co-IP, stress fiber/focal adhesion imaging in COS7 cells, transwell migration assay, dominant-negative CDC42/RAC1 and kinase-dead PAK1 rescue experiments PLoS Genetics High 29734338
2019 LZTR1 acts as a substrate adaptor for a Cullin3-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that binds, ubiquitinates, and promotes proteasomal degradation of RIT1. Pathogenic mutations in either RIT1 (near the switch II domain) or LZTR1 result in incomplete degradation of RIT1, leading to RIT1 protein accumulation and dysregulated growth factor signaling. A knock-in mouse model with RIT1 mutation develops a Noonan syndrome-like phenotype. Mass spectrometry (identified LZTR1 as RIT1 interactor), Co-IP, proteasome inhibitor experiments, isogenic germline knock-in mouse model, Western blot for RIT1 protein levels Science High 30872527
2019 Rit1 A57G knock-in mice (Noonan syndrome model) exhibit cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis (with increased S100A4, vimentin, periostin), and other NS-associated features. Biochemical analysis shows elevated phospho-Akt (Thr308) in embryos and in isoproterenol-treated Rit1A57G/+ hearts, implicating the AKT signaling pathway in RIT1 A57G mutant downstream signaling. Knock-in mouse generation (Rit1-A57G), echocardiography, histopathology, isoproterenol stimulation, Western blot for phospho-Akt EBioMedicine Medium 30898653
2021 RIT1 is essential for timely mitotic progression and proper chromosome segregation. During mitosis, RIT1 dissociates from the plasma membrane and interacts directly with spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) proteins MAD2 and p31comet in a CDK1 activity-dependent manner. Pathogenic RIT1 silences the SAC by sequestering MAD2 from the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), accelerating mitotic transit and promoting chromosome segregation errors and aneuploidy. Live-cell imaging, immunofluorescence, Co-IP of RIT1 with MAD2/p31comet, CDK1 inhibitor experiments, chromosome segregation and aneuploidy assays, SAC functional assays Current Biology High 34237269
2021 Multiomic profiling showed that mutant RIT1 and mutant KRAS both promote canonical RAS signaling (RAF/MEK/ERK) and that overexpression of wild-type RIT1 partially phenocopies oncogenic RIT1 and KRAS, including induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, indicating RIT1 protein abundance is a factor in its pathogenic function. Quantitative proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and transcriptomics in isogenic lung epithelial cells expressing WT and mutant RIT1 or KRAS Science Signaling Medium 34846918
2022 Cross-species analysis in Drosophila and mice demonstrated that LZTR1 preferentially ubiquitinates and promotes degradation of RIT1 orthologs over classical RAS GTPases. Embryonic lethality of homozygous Lztr1 null mice is rescued by co-deletion of Rit1, genetically establishing RIT1 as the primary in vivo substrate of LZTR1 in mice. Drosophila Lztr1 loss-of-function, mouse Lztr1 knockout and Lztr1/Rit1 double knockout, ubiquitination assays, Western blot for RIT1 orthologue protein levels eLife High 35467524
2023 RAF kinases are direct effectors of membrane-bound mutant RIT1 required for MAPK activation. RIT1 contains critical residues that facilitate interaction with membrane lipids, and these are necessary for RIT1 association with RAF kinases and MAPK activation. Although mutant RIT1 binds RAF kinases directly, it fails to activate MAPK signaling in the absence of classical RAS proteins. Pathway inhibition (targeting RAS-RAF-MAPK) alleviates cardiac hypertrophy in a RIT1 mutant Noonan syndrome mouse model. RAF kinase co-immunoprecipitation, lipid-binding mutagenesis, MAPK signaling assays in cells with/without RAS depletion, Noonan syndrome knock-in mouse cardiac phenotype rescue with pathway inhibitor Science Advances High 37450595
2023 RIT1 interacts with SMC3 and PDS5 during mitosis (Co-IP + mass spectrometry). RIT1 protects and maintains SMC3 acetylation by binding to SMC3 and PDS5, thereby promoting cell division and proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma. RIT1 knockdown disrupts mitosis, causes G2/M phase arrest, mitotic catastrophe, and apoptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, RNA-seq, Western blot for SMC3 acetylation, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry (cell cycle), live cell imaging, in vivo xenograft Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research Medium 38017479
2024 USP9X deubiquitinase stabilizes both wild-type and mutant RIT1 protein. Depletion of USP9X decreases RIT1 protein stability and abundance, and resensitizes RIT1-mutant cells to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. USP9X knockdown/depletion, RIT1 protein stability assays, ubiquitination assay (USP9X as deubiquitinase of RIT1), EGFR inhibitor sensitivity assays in vitro and in vivo iScience Medium 39161959
2025 Physiologic expression of RIT1 M90I is sufficient to drive autochthonous lung tumor development in vivo in mouse models. RIT1 M90I tumors are sensitive to SHP2 inhibitors and RAS nucleotide exchange inhibition. RAS tri-complex inhibitors bind directly to GTP-bound RIT1 and cause tumor shrinkage. Knock-in/transgenic mouse autochthonous lung tumor models, SHP2 inhibitor treatment, RAS nucleotide exchange inhibitor, chemical biology/RAS tri-complex inhibitor direct binding to GTP-bound RIT1, tumor imaging Cancer Research High 40644578
2021 The C-terminal peptide (CTP) of RIT1 associates with anionic lipid bilayers containing phosphatidylserine via electrostatic (charge complementarity) interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations showed the CTP is unstructured and that a 12-residue region binds strongly to anionic bilayers, providing the membrane-anchoring mechanism in the absence of prenylation. Molecular dynamics simulations of RIT1 CTP with lipid bilayers of varying composition Computational Biology and Chemistry Low 33517146

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2013 Gain-of-function mutations in RIT1 cause Noonan syndrome, a RAS/MAPK pathway syndrome. American journal of human genetics 256 23791108
1987 Trial of an attenuated bovine rotavirus vaccine (RIT 4237) in Gambian infants. Lancet (London, England) 178 2884455
1985 Clinical efficacy of the RIT 4237 live attenuated bovine rotavirus vaccine in infants vaccinated before a rotavirus epidemic. The Journal of pediatrics 161 3894608
1983 Immunogenicity and safety of live oral attenuated bovine rotavirus vaccine strain RIT 4237 in adults and young children. Lancet (London, England) 136 6137646
1996 Rin, a neuron-specific and calmodulin-binding small G-protein, and Rit define a novel subfamily of ras proteins. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 131 8824319
2003 Homozygous deletions and point mutations of the Rit1/Bcl11b gene in gamma-ray induced mouse thymic lymphomas. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 104 12565905
2019 RIT1 oncoproteins escape LZTR1-mediated proteolysis. Science (New York, N.Y.) 90 30872527
2006 A novel cyclic AMP-dependent Epac-Rit signaling pathway contributes to PACAP38-mediated neuronal differentiation. Molecular and cellular biology 88 17000774
2017 IGF-1 mediated Neurogenesis Involves a Novel RIT1/Akt/Sox2 Cascade. Scientific reports 83 28607354
2016 Genotype and phenotype in patients with Noonan syndrome and a RIT1 mutation. Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics 78 27101134
2015 Spectrum of mutations and genotype-phenotype analysis in Noonan syndrome patients with RIT1 mutations. Human genetics 77 26714497
2014 Oncogenic RIT1 mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 76 24469055
2015 The ribB FMN riboswitch from Escherichia coli operates at the transcriptional and translational level and regulates riboflavin biosynthesis. The FEBS journal 65 25661987
1999 Biochemical characterization of the Ras-related GTPases Rit and Rin. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 65 10545207
1994 Rit1, a tRNA backbone-modifying enzyme that mediates initiator and elongator tRNA discrimination. Cell 65 7954819
2005 Rit contributes to nerve growth factor-induced neuronal differentiation via activation of B-Raf-extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades. Molecular and cellular biology 63 15632082
2019 HIF-1α-induced RIT1 promotes liver cancer growth and metastasis and its deficiency increases sensitivity to sorafenib. Cancer letters 62 31247273
2004 Construction and validation of cDNA-based Mt6k-RIT macro- and microarrays to explore root endosymbioses in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Journal of biotechnology 62 15129719
1990 Molecular analysis of in vivo hprt mutations in human T lymphocytes. V. Effects of total body irradiation secondary to radioimmunoglobulin therapy (RIT). Mutagenesis 60 2175831
2011 An evolutionarily conserved Rit GTPase-p38 MAPK signaling pathway mediates oxidative stress resistance. Molecular biology of the cell 59 21737674
2000 A novel RalGEF-like protein, RGL3, as a candidate effector for rit and Ras. The Journal of biological chemistry 52 10869344
2014 Further evidence of the importance of RIT1 in Noonan syndrome. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 50 25124994
2007 The novel GTPase Rit differentially regulates axonal and dendritic growth. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 49 17460085
2002 Induction of neurite extension and survival in pheochromocytoma cells by the Rit GTPase. The Journal of biological chemistry 48 11914372
2000 Rit, a non-lipid-modified Ras-related protein, transforms NIH3T3 cells without activating the ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK or PI3K/Akt pathways. Oncogene 45 11032018
2013 Rit subfamily small GTPases: regulators in neuronal differentiation and survival. Cellular signalling 44 23770287
2005 Proteomics of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 biofilm reveals differentially expressed proteins, including AggA and RibB. Proteomics 42 15712242
2014 mTORC2 is required for rit-mediated oxidative stress resistance. PloS one 39 25531880
2015 Mutations in RIT1 cause Noonan syndrome - additional functional evidence and expanding the clinical phenotype. Clinical genetics 35 25959749
2004 Involvement of V(D)J recombinase in the generation of intragenic deletions in the Rit1/Bcl11b tumor suppressor gene in gamma-ray-induced thymic lymphomas and in normal thymus of the mouse. Carcinogenesis 35 14754877
1987 Neonatal rotavirus vaccination with RIT 4237 bovine rotavirus vaccine: a preliminary report. The Pediatric infectious disease journal 33 3031574
2003 Rit promotes MEK-independent neurite branching in human neuroblastoma cells. Journal of cell science 31 12668729
2022 Polystyrene Degradation by Exiguobacterium sp. RIT 594: Preliminary Evidence for a Pathway Containing an Atypical Oxygenase. Microorganisms 30 36014041
2011 A rit GTPase-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase survival pathway confers resistance to cellular stress. Molecular and cellular biology 29 21444726
2022 Succesful MEK-inhibition of severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in RIT1-related Noonan Syndrome. European journal of medical genetics 28 36184070
2018 RIT1 controls actin dynamics via complex formation with RAC1/CDC42 and PAK1. PLoS genetics 28 29734338
2002 Potent transforming activity of the small GTP-binding protein Rit in NIH 3T3 cells: evidence for a role of a p38gamma-dependent signaling pathway. FEBS letters 28 11821041
2019 New Noonan syndrome model mice with RIT1 mutation exhibit cardiac hypertrophy and susceptibility to β-adrenergic stimulation-induced cardiac fibrosis. EBioMedicine 26 30898653
2008 Rit signaling contributes to interferon-gamma-induced dendritic retraction via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Journal of neurochemistry 24 18957053
2005 Small GTPase proteins Rin and Rit Bind to PAR6 GTP-dependently and regulate cell transformation. The Journal of biological chemistry 24 15831491
2021 Elevated expression of RIT1 hyperactivates RAS/MAPK signal and sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to combined treatment with sorafenib and AKT inhibitor. Oncogene 23 34845378
2012 Rit GTPase signaling promotes immature hippocampal neuronal survival. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 23 22815504
2012 Mutations in Escherichia coli aceE and ribB genes allow survival of strains defective in the first step of the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. PloS one 23 22928031
2016 Mutations in RIT1 cause Noonan syndrome with possible juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia but are not involved in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. European journal of human genetics : EJHG 22 26757980
2010 Src-dependent TrkA transactivation is required for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 38-mediated Rit activation and neuronal differentiation. Molecular biology of the cell 22 20219970
2023 RAS-dependent RAF-MAPK hyperactivation by pathogenic RIT1 is a therapeutic target in Noonan syndrome-associated cardiac hypertrophy. Science advances 21 37450595
2022 Cross-species analysis of LZTR1 loss-of-function mutants demonstrates dependency to RIT1 orthologs. eLife 21 35467524
2001 Riboflavin synthesis genes ribE, ribB, ribH, ribA reside in the lux operon of Photobacterium leiognathi. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 21 11396941
2005 Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with a novel anti-TAG-72 fusion protein. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals 20 16114986
2020 The molecular functions of RIT1 and its contribution to human disease. The Biochemical journal 19 32766847
2016 Two cases of RIT1 associated Noonan syndrome: Further delineation of the clinical phenotype and review of the literature. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 19 27109146
2012 Rit-mediated stress resistance involves a p38-mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 (MSK1)-dependent cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation cascade. The Journal of biological chemistry 19 23038261
2007 Rit mutants confirm role of MEK/ERK signaling in neuronal differentiation and reveal novel Par6 interaction. Biochimica et biophysica acta 18 17976838
2021 The RAS GTPase RIT1 compromises mitotic fidelity through spindle assembly checkpoint suppression. Current biology : CB 17 34237269
2012 Rit GTPase regulates a p38 MAPK-dependent neuronal survival pathway. Neuroscience letters 16 23123784
1999 Phage library-derived human anti-TETA and anti-DOTA ScFv for pretargeting RIT. Hybridoma 15 10211783
2021 Multiomic characterization of oncogenic signaling mediated by wild-type and mutant RIT1. Science signaling 14 34846918
2016 RIT1 GTPase Regulates Sox2 Transcriptional Activity and Hippocampal Neurogenesis. The Journal of biological chemistry 14 28007959
1989 Response to RIT 4237 oral rotavirus vaccine in human milk, adapted-and soy-formula fed infants. Acta paediatrica Scandinavica 14 2556883
2016 Biochemical Classification of Disease-associated Mutants of RAS-like Protein Expressed in Many Tissues (RIT1). The Journal of biological chemistry 13 27226556
2004 Fully human IgG and IgM antibodies directed against the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) Gold 4 epitope and designed for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of colorectal cancers. BMC cancer 13 15488142
1987 Detection of serum antibody responses to RIT 4237 rotavirus vaccine by ELISA and neutralization assays. Journal of medical virology 13 3031200
2022 Evidence for the Chemical Mechanism of RibB (3,4-Dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate Synthase) of Riboflavin Biosynthesis. Journal of the American Chemical Society 12 35802469
2021 Expanding the clinical phenotype of RASopathies in 38 Turkish patients, including the rare LZTR1, RAF1, RIT1 variants, and large deletion in NF1. American journal of medical genetics. Part A 12 34184824
2020 Isolation and whole-genome sequencing of Pseudomonas sp. RIT 623, a slow-growing bacterium endowed with antibiotic properties. BMC research notes 12 32746897
2019 Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in Brain Tumors. Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging 12 31867072
2015 A novel heterozygous RIT1 mutation in a patient with Noonan syndrome, leukopenia, and transient myeloproliferation-a review of the literature. European journal of pediatrics 12 26518681
2003 [Amplification of RIT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance]. Ai zheng = Aizheng = Chinese journal of cancer 12 12866958
1986 Response to RIT 4237 oral rotavirus vaccine in breast-fed and formula-fed infants. Helvetica paediatrica acta 11 3019954
2024 Somatic RIT1 delins in arteriovenous malformations hyperactivate RAS-MAPK signaling amenable to MEK inhibition. Angiogenesis 10 38969873
2004 Proteomics as a way to identify extra-radicular fungal proteins from Glomus intraradices- RiT-DNA carrot root mycorrhizas. FEMS microbiology ecology 10 19712309
2023 RIT1 regulates mitosis and promotes proliferation by interacting with SMC3 and PDS5 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 9 38017479
2019 Effectiveness and normal tissue toxicity of Auger electron (AE) radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with [111In]In-Bn-DTPA-nimotuzumab in mice with triple-negative or trastuzumab-resistant human breast cancer xenografts that overexpress EGFR. Nuclear medicine and biology 9 31706737
2013 Phylogeny and organization of recombinase in trio (RIT) elements. Plasmid 9 23628708
2004 [Mutation and amplification of RIT1 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma]. Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics 9 14767908
1999 Genetic interactions between a null allele of the RIT1 gene encoding an initiator tRNA-specific modification enzyme and genes encoding translation factors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecular & general genetics : MGG 9 10485288
2020 Complicated ventricular arrhythmia and hematologic myeloproliferative disorder in RIT1-associated Noonan syndrome: Expanding the phenotype and review of the literature. Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 8 32396283
2014 Radioimmunotherapy for first-line and relapse treatment of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: an analysis of 215 patients registered in the international RIT-Network. European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging 8 24722703
2006 Optimal design of Ig 5' primers for construction of diverse phage antibody library established to select anti-HAb18GEF and anti-DOTA-Y Fabs for hepatoma pretargeting RIT. Frontiers in bioscience : a journal and virtual library 8 16368552
2022 Prenatal case of RIT1 mutation associated Noonan syndrome by whole exome sequencing (WES) and review of the literature. Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology 7 35595454
2020 Radioimmunotherapy for mantle cell lymphoma: 5-year follow-up of 90 patients from the international RIT registry. Annals of hematology 7 32125469
1977 Protective efficacy of RIT 4025, a live attenuated influenza vaccine strain, and evaluation of heterotypic immunity to influenza A viruses in ferrets. The Journal of hygiene 7 269196
2020 The potential oncogenic role of the RAS-like GTP-binding gene RIT1 in glioblastoma. Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers 6 32831193
2016 Synthesis and evaluation of Cy5.5-Rit tracer for specific near-infrared fluorescence imaging of sentinel lymph node. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 6 27497982
2008 Rit contributes to neurite outgrowth triggered by the alpha subunit of Go. Neuroreport 6 18388731
2006 Analysis of Rit signaling and biological activity. Methods in enzymology 6 16757348
2022 Noonan syndrome caused by RIT1 gene mutation: A case report and literature review. Frontiers in pediatrics 5 36160792
2021 The RIT1 C-terminus associates with lipid bilayers via charge complementarity. Computational biology and chemistry 5 33517146
2021 Structural Model for Recruitment of RIT1 to the LZTR1 E3 Ligase: Evidences from an Integrated Computational Approach. Journal of chemical information and modeling 5 33792302
2016 Safety and efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the community setting. Nuclear medicine and biology 5 27067042
2012 Culture on a fragmin/protamine-coated plate suppresses the collagen type IαI and TGF-β1 mRNA expression of rat hepatic stellate RI-T cells. The Journal of veterinary medical science 5 23238453
2010 Tumor cure probability during alpha-RIT of ovarian cancer with different radiation sensitivity. Anticancer research 5 20682981
2008 cDNA cloning, sequence identification and tissue expression distribution of three novel porcine genes: UCHL3, RIT1 and CCND3. Molecular biology reports 5 18202904
2025 RIT1 Drives Oncogenic Transformation and Is an Actionable Target in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer research 4 40644578
2023 NECAB3 promotes the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells through HIF-1α/RIT1 signaling pathway. Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) 4 37215053
2013 Putting the Rit in cellular resistance: Rit, p38 MAPK and oxidative stress. Communicative & integrative biology 4 23802035
1979 Genotypic characterization and clinical evaluation of an influenza A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2)-like recombinant: RIT 4199. Journal of biological standardization 4 395158
1977 Properties of A/Victoria/3/75 recombinants: development of an attenuated strain RIT 4050. Developments in biological standardization 4 604127
2024 The deubiquitinase USP9X regulates RIT1 protein abundance and oncogenic phenotypes. iScience 3 39161959
2022 RIT1 Promotes Glioma Proliferation and Invasion via the AKT/ERK/NF-ĸB Signaling Pathway. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 3 35290620

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