Affinage

RBM24

RNA-binding protein 24 · UniProt Q9BX46

Length
236 aa
Mass
24.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
64 papers in source corpus 40 papers cited in narrative 40 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/8 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RBM24 is a tissue-restricted RNA-binding protein that functions as a master post-transcriptional regulator of striated muscle, inner ear, lens, and neural development through its RRM domain (PMID:25313962, PMID:34816743, PMID:27002326). In the nucleus it directs tissue-specific alternative splicing: it binds intronic splicing enhancers to overcome silencer-mediated repression and promote muscle-specific exon inclusion (PMID:25313962), and is required for correct splicing of sarcomeric and cardiac transcripts including ACTN2 exon 6 and CaMKIIδ, with loss arresting myofibrillogenesis at the premyofibril stage and prolonging the ventricular action potential (PMID:34816743, PMID:36454480). RBM24 expression is itself activated by the myogenic transcription factor MyoD via E-box elements, integrating it into the muscle differentiation program where it promotes cell-cycle exit and differentiation (PMID:20338237, PMID:25217815, PMID:19817877). In the cytoplasm RBM24 controls mRNA fate by sequence-specific binding to AU/U-rich and GT-rich elements: it stabilizes p21, Sox2, PTEN, Notch1 and JAK2 transcripts and destabilizes p63 and Chrm2 (PMID:24356969, PMID:31814023, PMID:34709758, PMID:39113792, PMID:41216933, PMID:24375645, PMID:29104163), and it controls poly(A) tail length of crystallin mRNAs through a complex with Cpeb1b and Pabpc1l to drive lens transparency (PMID:32170011). It additionally regulates translation, binding p53 mRNA and sequestering eIF4E to block translation-initiation complex assembly (PMID:29358667). Its activity is gated by phosphorylation, both via the kinase Stk38, which controls RBM24 stability during sarcomere assembly (PMID:28322254), and via eIF4E2–GSK3β-mediated S181 phosphorylation that couples stress signaling to APOE translation and cardiac function (PMID:39580475). Through these activities RBM24 is required in vivo for cardiac morphogenesis, skeletal muscle regeneration, cochlear hair cell survival and stereocilia integrity, lens and eye development, and adult neurogenesis (PMID:29358667, PMID:33042276, PMID:32887533, PMID:41884985, PMID:31814023, PMID:39113792). Loss-of-function genetic models additionally implicate RBM24 in tissue-specific splicing relevant to familial dysautonomia and Usher syndrome 1D through regulation of IKBKAP and Cdh23 splicing (PMID:28592461, PMID:32887533).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 14 steps
  1. 2009 Medium

    Established that RBM24 is not merely a marker of muscle but a functional driver, coupling cell-cycle arrest to myogenic differentiation.

    Evidence RNAi knockdown and overexpression in C2C12 myoblasts with epistasis to p21

    PMID:19817877

    Open questions at the time
    • The molecular RNA targets mediating differentiation were not defined
    • Mechanism of cell-cycle arrest left at the phenotypic level
  2. 2010 Medium

    Placed RBM24 downstream of the master myogenic transcription factor by showing MyoD directly activates its expression through E-box elements.

    Evidence Hormone-inducible MyoD, RBM24 reporter constructs and morpholino knockdown in Xenopus

    PMID:20338237

    Open questions at the time
    • Reporter-based E-box activation not confirmed by endogenous occupancy in this study
    • Downstream RBM24 effectors not identified
  3. 2012 Medium

    Demonstrated a required in vivo role in sarcomere assembly and cardiac contractility, anchoring RBM24 in striated muscle development.

    Evidence Zebrafish loss-of-function with expression profiling and sarcomere analysis

    PMID:22345307

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve whether the sarcomere defect was splicing-, stability-, or translation-driven
    • No direct RNA targets identified
  4. 2013 High

    Defined RBM24 as a sequence-specific mRNA stability regulator acting through AU/U-rich elements, with opposite effects on p21 (stabilized) and p63 (destabilized).

    Evidence RNA-binding assays, RRM/domain mutagenesis and mRNA half-life measurements with overexpression/knockdown

    PMID:24356969 PMID:24375645

    Open questions at the time
    • How RBM24 chooses to stabilize versus destabilize a given transcript was not explained
    • In vivo physiological relevance of p21/p63 regulation not tested
  5. 2014 High

    Provided the splicing mechanism: RBM24 binding to an intronic splicing enhancer is sufficient to override exonic silencer repression and confer muscle-specific exon inclusion.

    Evidence In vitro splicing in nuclear extracts, recombinant protein, enhancer/silencer mutagenesis, plus mouse knockout, with confirmation of direct MyoD/ChIP control of Rbm24

    PMID:25217815 PMID:25313962

    Open questions at the time
    • Genome-wide splicing repertoire not yet mapped
    • How RBM24 competes with PTB/hnRNP repressors mechanistically not resolved
  6. 2016 Medium

    Broadened RBM24's regulatory reach: it drives cardiac-lineage splicing switches (Tpm1), cooperates with RBM20 on intronic targets, is tuned by miR-222, and participates in lncRNA/miRNA feedback circuits.

    Evidence Inducible ESC RNA-seq, co-expression splicing reporters, RISC pulldown and Ago2 Co-IP with rescue experiments

    PMID:26844700 PMID:26990106 PMID:27289039 PMID:27565737

    Open questions at the time
    • Combinatorial logic with RBM20 and other RBPs not systematically dissected
    • Physiological weight of the miRNA feedback loops unquantified
  7. 2017 Medium

    Identified phospho-regulation of RBM24 and expanded its mechanistic modes to coding-region binding and tissue-specific cryptic splicing relevant to disease.

    Evidence Co-IP/MS identifying Stk38, kinase activity manipulation, RIP-Chip profiling in cardiomyocytes, and a splicing-reporter screen for IKBKAP

    PMID:28322254 PMID:28592461 PMID:29104163

    Open questions at the time
    • Stk38 phosphosites on RBM24 not mapped in these studies
    • Causal link between IKBKAP cryptic splicing and familial dysautonomia phenotype shown only in reporter systems
  8. 2018 High

    Revealed RBM24 as a translational repressor that sequesters eIF4E to block p53 translation, with genetic rescue establishing this as a developmentally essential function.

    Evidence Co-IP of RBM24–eIF4E, translation assays, and Rbm24/p53 double-knockout mouse rescue of endocardial cushion defects

    PMID:29358667 PMID:30076363 PMID:30133047

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of eIF4E sequestration not determined
    • Whether cytoplasmic localization is dynamically regulated across tissues left open
  9. 2020 High

    Established cytoplasmic poly(A)-tail control and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling as core mechanisms, and extended RBM24 function to eye, ear, and muscle regeneration with specific stability/splicing targets.

    Evidence Zebrafish lens Co-IP (Cpeb1b/Pabpc1l) and poly(A) assays, RIP/EMSA for Sox2, conditional KO mice in muscle and inner ear, and fractionation during myogenesis

    PMID:31814023 PMID:32170011 PMID:32887533 PMID:33042276 PMID:33941806

    Open questions at the time
    • Signals controlling RBM24's cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation not identified
    • How a single protein partitions among splicing, stability, polyadenylation, and translation in a given cell unresolved
  10. 2021 High

    Confirmed the human splicing mechanism in hESC-derived cardiomyocytes (ACTN2 exon 6) and expanded RBM24's tumor-suppressive and signaling roles via PTEN and Runx1t1 stabilization.

    Evidence CRISPR KO in hESCs with exon-deletion and rescue, plus RIP and KO mouse models for PTEN and bladder cancer feedback loops

    PMID:34021255 PMID:34709758 PMID:34816743

    Open questions at the time
    • Context-dependence of pro- versus anti-tumor activity across tissues not reconciled
    • Determinants of RBM24 binding-site specificity (AU-rich vs GT-rich vs coding) still unclear
  11. 2022 High

    Connected RBM24 splicing to cardiac electrophysiology (CaMKIIδ/QT interval), demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral translational blockade, and linked it to ferroptosis resistance via SLC7A11.

    Evidence KO mouse and hESC-cardiomyocyte electrophysiology with pharmacological rescue, RNP-submotif binding and 80S assembly assays for SARS-CoV-2/HBV, and SLC7A11 rescue experiments

    PMID:27002326 PMID:29760415 PMID:30626666 PMID:36454480 PMID:36464077 PMID:36478739

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the antiviral translational role is physiologically relevant in vivo not established
    • Structural NMR data not yet linked to specific RNA-recognition mutants
  12. 2024 High

    Integrated stress signaling, transcriptional control, and neural/cochlear function: GSK3β-mediated S181 phosphorylation gates APOE translation, POU4F3 controls hair-cell Rbm24 expression, and RBM24 sustains brain plasticity and neurogenesis.

    Evidence S181A knock-in mice with APOE rescue, in vivo enhancer reporter and KO analyses (POU4F3, Insm1), and conditional brain/NSPC KO with Notch1 stability and DAPT rescue

    PMID:38483314 PMID:39004256 PMID:39113792 PMID:39580475 PMID:41884985

    Open questions at the time
    • Kinase(s) and signals converging on RBM24 phosphosites across tissues incompletely mapped
    • How phosphorylation switches RBM24 between its many regulatory modes not resolved
  13. 2025 Medium

    Extended RBM24 mechanism to circRNA biogenesis and vascular remodeling, showing phosphorylation-dependent circRNA production and JAK2 mRNA stabilization driving VSMC phenotypic switching.

    Evidence circRNA profiling in KO hearts with pre-mRNA binding and phosphorylation manipulation, plus VSMC-specific KO/AAV models with RIP and STAT3 inhibition

    PMID:40250678 PMID:41216933

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct demonstration that the same phosphosite controls circRNA output and splicing not provided
    • Relationship between circ23679 and canonical splicing targets unclear
  14. 2026 High

    Demonstrated that RBM24 itself is alternatively spliced into functionally distinct isoforms whose balance is critical, with both loss of the short isoform and overexpression of the long isoform causing hearing loss.

    Evidence Exon 4 conditional deletion and RBM24-L overexpression mice with hearing tests, hair-cell imaging, and Strc target analysis

    PMID:41973913

    Open questions at the time
    • Differential target preferences of RBM24-S versus RBM24-L not comprehensively mapped
    • Regulation of RBM24 autoregulatory exon 4 splicing not defined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a single RRM protein is partitioned among splicing, mRNA stability, polyadenylation, translation, and circRNA biogenesis in a given cell — and how phosphorylation, isoform identity, and partner availability select among these modes — remains the central open question.
  • No unified model of binding-site specificity across AU-rich, GT-rich, GUGUG, and coding-region elements
  • Structural basis of mode-switching not determined
  • Tissue-specific cofactor landscape incompletely defined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0003723 RNA binding 9 GO:0045182 translation regulator activity 4 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 4 GO:0140098 catalytic activity, acting on RNA 4
Localization
GO:0005829 cytosol 3 GO:0005634 nucleus 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 6 R-HSA-8953854 Metabolism of RNA 6 R-HSA-397014 Muscle contraction 3
Partners
AGO2CPEB1EIF4EGSK3BPABPC1LRBM20STK38

Evidence

Reading pass · 40 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2014 RBM24 is sufficient to promote muscle-specific exon inclusion in nuclear extracts of non-muscle cells; binding of RBM24 to an intronic splicing enhancer (ISE) is essential and sufficient to overcome repression by an exonic splicing silencer (ESS) containing PTB and hnRNP A1/A2 binding sites. Introduction of ESS and ISE converted a constitutive exon into an RBM24-dependent alternative exon. In vitro splicing assays in nuclear extracts; recombinant protein; targeted inactivation in mice; exon reporter constructs Developmental Cell High 25313962
2012 Rbm24 loss-of-function in zebrafish causes reduction in sarcomeric proteins, Z-disc abnormality, and diminished heart contractility, establishing a required role for Rbm24 in sarcomere assembly and cardiac function. Zebrafish loss-of-function; gene expression profiling; protein analysis Cardiovascular Research Medium 22345307
2013 RBM24 binds to the 3'-UTR of p21 transcript via an AU/U-rich element and stabilizes p21 mRNA, increasing p21 half-life and protein levels. The RNA recognition motif (RRM) of RBM24 is required for this binding and p21 upregulation. mRNA stability assay; RBM24 overexpression/knockdown; RRM domain mutagenesis; RNA binding assay Journal of Biological Chemistry High 24356969
2013 RBM24 binds to multiple regions in the p63 3'-UTR and destabilizes p63 transcript, decreasing p63 mRNA and protein levels. The 3'-UTR of p63 and the RNA-binding domain of RBM24 are both required for this regulatory interaction. RBM24 overexpression/knockdown; RNA binding assay; mRNA stability assay; domain deletion analysis Molecular Cancer Research Medium 24375645
2018 Rbm24, a p53 target gene, regulates p53 mRNA translation by binding to p53 mRNA and interacting with translation initiation factor eIF4E, preventing eIF4E from binding to p53 mRNA and inhibiting assembly of the translation initiation complex. Rbm24-null mice die in utero with endocardial cushion defects partially rescued by p53 deficiency. Co-immunoprecipitation (RBM24–eIF4E interaction); RNA-binding assay; translation assay; Rbm24/p53 double-knockout mouse rescue Cell Death and Differentiation High 29358667
2009 Rbm24 overexpression induces cell cycle arrest and promotes myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells; knockdown delays differentiation and suppresses cell cycle arrest. Unlike Rbm38 (which binds p21 transcript), the p21-independent pathway of Rbm24 mediates this effect. RNA interference knockdown; overexpression in C2C12 cells; immunoprecipitation-RT-PCR Genes to Cells Medium 19817877
2020 In zebrafish lens, Rbm24 binds broadly to lens-specific mRNAs via its RRM domain, interacts with cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein (Cpeb1b) and cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding protein (Pabpc1l) via its C-terminal region, and controls poly(A) tail length of crystallin mRNAs. Loss of Rbm24 shortens poly(A) tails of crystallin mRNAs and reduces their translation, impairing lens transparency. Zebrafish rbm24 loss-of-function; co-immunoprecipitation; poly(A) tail length assay; RRM domain functional analysis Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences High 32170011
2010 Xenopus Seb4/RBM24 expression is directly regulated by MyoD; a 0.65 kb RBM24 regulatory region containing E-boxes is activated by MyoD in reporter assays. Knockdown of Seb4 inhibits myogenic gene expression and myogenesis induced by MyoD. Hormone-inducible MyoD; RBM24 reporter construct injection; morpholino knockdown in Xenopus Mechanisms of Development Medium 20338237
2014 Rbm24 protein expression is directly regulated by MyoD in vivo (ChIP assay in chick embryo); Rbm24 accumulates in MyoD-positive myoblasts and is required for somitic myogenic progenitor cells to differentiate into muscle cells. In vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP); morpholino knockdown; immunofluorescence Mechanisms of Development Medium 25217815
2016 Rbm24 regulates alternative splicing switch in ESC cardiac lineage differentiation; forced Rbm24 expression in ESCs dramatically induces cardiac specification and switches splicing of pluripotency genes including Tpm1, whose ESC/tissue-specific isoforms are functionally distinct and required for differentiation. Inducible mouse ESC line; genome-wide RNA-seq; forced expression; functional isoform comparison Stem Cells Medium 26990106
2016 MicroRNA-222 targets Rbm24 mRNA; downregulation of Rbm24 by miR-222 results in defective exon inclusion in Coro6, Fxr1, and NACA muscle-specific transcripts. Reconstitution of Rbm24 in miR-222-overexpressing cells rescues muscle-specific splicing. RISC pulldown + RNA-seq; miR-222 overexpression; Rbm24 rescue experiment; splicing assays Cell Death & Disease Medium 26844700
2016 RBM20 and RBM24 cooperatively promote expression of short ENH splice variants by binding the 5' intronic region of exon 11 of the enh gene, which contains an in-phase stop codon. Co-expression of RBM20 and RBM24; splicing reporter; RNA binding assay FEBS Letters Medium 27289039
2017 Stk38 (serine/threonine kinase 38) is an endogenous binding partner of Rbm24 (identified by Co-IP/MS); Stk38 kinase activity-dependently regulates Rbm24 protein stability and phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes. Stk38 knockdown reduces Rbm24 protein levels and impairs sarcomere assembly. Co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry; kinase inhibitor/activator; Stk38 knockdown; sarcomere analysis Scientific Reports Medium 28322254
2017 RBM24 functions as a cryptic intronic splicing enhancer by binding to an element (IVS20+13-29) downstream of the FD-associated 5' splice site mutation in IKBKAP and promotes U1 snRNP recognition specifically at the mutated (not wild-type) 5' splice site, explaining neuron-specific aberrant splicing in familial dysautonomia. Mammalian dual-color splicing reporter screen; RBP expression library screen; direct binding assay RNA Medium 28592461
2018 RBM24 interacts with both the 5' and 3' terminal redundancy (TR) sequences of HBV 3.5-kb RNA via its RNA-binding domains. Interaction with 5' TR blocks 80S ribosome assembly on HBV pgRNA, inhibiting core protein translation; interaction with 3' TR enhances HBV RNA stability. RNA-binding domain interaction assays; 80S ribosome assembly assay; HBV transfection/infection cell model; RBM24 overexpression/knockdown Emerging Microbes & Infections Medium 29760415
2019 RBM24 directly binds the lower bulge of the epsilon stem-loop of HBV pgRNA via RNP submotifs, and interacts with HBV polymerase (Pol) in an RNA-independent manner via its alanine-rich domain (ARD) and the Pol reverse transcriptase (RT) domain. RBM24 forms a Pol-RBM24-ε complex that mediates Pol-ε interaction and promotes pgRNA packaging. Co-immunoprecipitation; RNA binding assays; domain deletion mutants; pgRNA packaging efficiency assay Journal of Virology Medium 30626666
2020 RBM24 protein binds Sox2 mRNA in mouse embryonic eye tissue (RNA immunoprecipitation) and directly binds the Sox2 mRNA 3'-UTR via AU-rich elements (EMSA). RBM24 elevates Sox2 mRNA half-life in an ARE-dependent manner. Loss of Rbm24 downregulates SOX2 and causes microphthalmia/anophthalmia. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) from mouse embryonic tissue; electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA); mRNA half-life assay; CRISPR and morpholino knockdown in mouse and zebrafish Human Molecular Genetics High 31814023
2018 Rbm24 displays cytoplasmic localization in lens, olfactory epithelium, and mechanosensory cells of auditory and vestibular systems during mouse development, consistent with cytoplasmic post-transcriptional regulatory activity in these tissues. Immunostaining and subcellular localization analysis in mouse embryo sections Developmental Dynamics Low 30133047
2020 During C2C12 myoblast differentiation, Rbm24 undergoes cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation. In regenerating adult muscle, Rbm24 accumulates in the myonucleus of nascent myofibers. Early in regeneration Rbm24 is required for myogenin expression; late in regeneration it regulates muscle-specific pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Subcellular fractionation/immunofluorescence during differentiation; satellite cell transplantation; injury-induced regeneration model Scientific Reports Medium 33941806
2020 Rbm24 conditional knockout in skeletal muscle and satellite cells impairs myogenic fusion and differentiation, delays muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin injury, and dysregulates alternative splicing of Mef2d, Naca, Rock2, and Lrrfip1. Conditional knockout mice (skeletal muscle-specific and satellite cell-specific); CTX injury model; RNA-seq Theranostics Medium 33042276
2021 RBM24 ablation in hESCs (CRISPR/Cas9) disrupts sarcomere assembly: core myofibrillogenesis proteins (ACTN2, TTN, MYH10) are misspliced, MYH6 cannot replace MYH10, and myofibrillogenesis arrests at the premyofibril stage. RBM24 promotes inclusion of ACTN2 exon 6 (actin-binding domain), and CRISPR deletion of exon 6 or forced expression of full-length ACTN2 in RBM24-/- hESCs confirms exon 6 inclusion is critical for sarcomere assembly. CRISPR/Cas9 KO in hESCs; transcriptomics; ACTN2 exon 6 CRISPR deletion; forced full-length ACTN2 rescue Circulation Research High 34816743
2021 RBM24 directly binds the GT-rich region (positions 8101-8251) in the 3'-UTR of PTEN mRNA (RIP assay), prolongs PTEN mRNA half-life, and increases PTEN protein levels, suppressing PI3K-Akt signaling. Rbm24-knockout mice develop spontaneous colorectal adenomas with lower PTEN expression. RNA immunoprecipitation; mRNA stability assay; Rbm24 KO mouse model; APC-min mouse model Clinical and Translational Medicine Medium 34709758
2021 RBM24 positively regulates Runx1t1 mRNA stability in bladder cancer cells by directly binding Runx1t1 mRNA; miR-625-5p directly targets and suppresses RBM24 expression; Runx1t1 promotes RBM24 expression via TCF4-mediated suppression of miR-625-5p, forming a positive feedback loop. RNA immunoprecipitation; luciferase reporter; mRNA stability assay; gain/loss-of-function Experimental & Molecular Medicine Medium 34021255
2022 RBM24 ablation in mice and hESC-derived cardiomyocytes causes aberrant shift of CaMKIIδ splicing towards the δ-C isoform, leading to altered Ca2+ handling, prolongation of ventricular action potential and QT interval. CaMKIIδ inhibitor treatment attenuates these electrophysiological abnormalities. RBM24 knockout mice; hESC-derived cardiomyocyte KD; electrophysiology; CaMKIIδ inhibitor rescue Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences High 36454480
2022 RBM24 recognizes and binds to the GUGUG element at stem-loop 4 (SL4) in the 5'-UTR of SARS-CoV-2 RNA via its RNP submotifs, prevents 80S ribosome assembly, and inhibits viral polyprotein translation and replication. RNA binding assay (RNP submotif mapping); 80S ribosome assembly assay; viral replication assay Antiviral Research Medium 36464077
2022 RBM24 regulates mRNA stability of SLC7A11 (a ferroptosis inhibitor); overexpression of RBM24 protects cells from Erastin-induced ferroptosis while knockout sensitizes cells. RBM24 deficiency in mice leads to chronic inflammation and liver steatosis. RBM24 overexpression/knockout; Erastin-induced ferroptosis assay; SLC7A11 knockdown rescue; lipidomics; mouse model Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Medium 36478739
2016 RBM24 protein binds to MIR143HG RNA, destabilizes its transcript and facilitates its interaction with Ago2 to accelerate MIR143HG degradation. RBM24 also promotes biogenesis of miR-143 (evidenced by siRNA against DROSHA). MIR143HG in turn sponges miR-143 (which targets RBM24 mRNA), forming a negative feedback loop. RNA binding assay; mRNA stability assay; Ago2 co-immunoprecipitation; DROSHA siRNA; luciferase reporter Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Medium 27565737
2017 Global RNA immunoprecipitation–microarray (RIP-Chip) profiling of Rbm24 in cardiomyocytes identifies its mRNA binding repertoire. Beyond splicing and mRNA stabilization, Rbm24 destabilizes Chrm2 mRNA via binding a coding-region element, and drives generation of isoforms with alternative transcriptional start sites. RNA immunoprecipitation coupled to microarray (RIP-Chip); mRNA stability assay; coding-region binding validation The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology Medium 29104163
2016 NMR backbone and side-chain resonance assignments of the RRM domain of human RBM24 confirm the canonical RRM domain architecture by secondary chemical shift analysis and relaxation measurements. NMR spectroscopy (1H, 15N, 13C chemical shift assignments; secondary chemical shift analysis; relaxation measurements) Biomolecular NMR Assignments Medium 27002326
2018 AAV9-mediated overexpression of Rbm24 in adult mouse heart induces cardiac fibrosis associated with increased TGFβ-signaling genes (TgfβR1, TgfβR2), periostin expression, and fibroblast activation; it also causes splicing changes in PDZ and Lim domain 5, Phospholamban, and Titin, but not in embryonic Rbm24 splicing targets (skNAC, αNAC, Coro6). AAV9 delivery in adult mice; high-resolution microarrays; histology; gene expression analysis Scientific Reports Medium 30076363
2020 Rbm24 knockout in mice results in hearing loss and balance deficits; Rbm24 regulates inner-ear-specific alternative splicing including direct regulation of Cdh23 splicing (responsible for Usher syndrome 1D), and loss causes stereocilia integrity defects and hair cell death. Rbm24 conditional KO mice; auditory testing; RNA-seq splicing analysis; hair cell imaging RNA Biology Medium 32887533
2020 RBM24 is recruited into stress granules under various stress conditions; RBM24 overexpression alone is sufficient to induce stress granule formation. However, knockdown of Rbm24 does not affect stress granule formation. Immunofluorescence under stress; RBM24 overexpression; Rbm24 knockdown Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Low 35395551
2024 Psychological stress activates RBM24 S181 phosphorylation through eIF4E2-GSK3β signaling; S181 phosphorylation of RBM24 promotes APOE translation. Rbm24 S181A knock-in mice show cardiac contractile dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, dyslipidemia, and sudden death under stress; cardiomyocyte-specific APOE expression rescues cardiac electrophysiological and contractile defects via preventing ROS stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Rbm24 S181A knock-in mice; eIF4E2-GSK3β signaling pathway analysis; APOE translation assay; cardiomyocyte-specific APOE rescue; electrophysiology; mitochondria/ROS assays Nature Communications High 39580475
2024 POU4F3 directly binds three Rbm24 enhancers in cochlear hair cells (identified by transgenic reporter assays), and Rbm24 expression is completely absent in Pou4f3-null hair cells. GFI1 does not regulate Rbm24 expression. Ectopic Rbm24 alone cannot prevent Pou4f3-null hair cells from degenerating. In vivo transgenic reporter assay; Pou4f3 and Gfi1 KO mouse analysis; ectopic Rbm24 expression in Pou4f3-KO eLife Medium 38483314
2024 RBM24 knockout in mouse brain impairs learning and memory; Rbm24 regulates alternative splicing of synapse-associated genes GluR2 and Prrt1. Rbm24 deletion disrupts excitatory synaptic function and plasticity in hippocampal slices. Conditional RBM24 KO mice; electrophysiology (hippocampal slices); RNA-seq splicing analysis; behavioral assays International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Medium 39004256
2024 Rbm24 maintains Notch1 mRNA stability in adult neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in the SVZ; Rbm24 deletion impairs NSPC proliferation and neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb. Overexpression of Rbm24 rescues adult neurogenesis and olfactory dysfunction in PD mice, and this rescue is blocked by the Notch1 inhibitor DAPT. Rbm24 KO mice; Rbm24 overexpression in PD mouse model; DAPT pharmacological inhibition; RNA-seq; immunofluorescence; electrophysiology Theranostics Medium 39113792
2025 RBM24 stabilizes JAK2 mRNA (via RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays) and promotes JAK2-STAT3-KLF4 signaling to drive VSMC phenotypic switching and vascular remodeling. VSMC-specific Rbm24 KO attenuates neointima formation; AAV-mediated RBM24 overexpression promotes it. VSMC-specific KO mice; AAV overexpression; mRNA stability assay; RNA immunoprecipitation; luciferase reporter; STAT3 inhibition (shRNA and nifuroxazide) Cardiovascular Research Medium 41216933
2025 RBM24 directly binds pre-mRNA and facilitates exon inclusion to provide substrate for circ23679 production; RBM24-regulated circRNA production depends on its phosphorylation status. Circ23679 acts as a sponge for miR-15b-5p to inhibit cardiac apoptosis. circRNA profiling in Rbm24 KO mouse hearts; RBM24 pre-mRNA binding assay; phosphorylation manipulation; circ23679 overexpression in heart failure model International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Medium 40250678
2026 Rbm24 exon 4 is alternatively spliced to produce a short isoform (RBM24-S) that, while sharing the same RRM, binds different mRNA targets affecting their splicing and/or stability compared to RBM24-L. Deletion of exon 4 (abolishing RBM24-S) causes severe hearing loss in both homozygous and heterozygous mice and stereocilia disorganization. Overexpression of RBM24-L in hair cells also causes stereocilia defects and profound hearing loss, demonstrating that proper balance of isoforms is critical. Exon 4 conditional deletion in mice; RBM24-L overexpression; hearing tests; hair cell imaging; RNA-seq target analysis (Strc) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences High 41973913
2024 Rbm24 represses Insm1 expression in cochlear outer hair cells; in Rbm24-null OHCs, Insm1 remains aberrantly expressed and drives OHC death. Simultaneous inactivation of Rbm24 and Insm1 largely rescues OHC survival but only partially restores hair bundle morphology, demonstrating that Rbm24 promotes OHC survival via Insm1 repression independently of its role in hair bundle morphogenesis. Rbm24-/- mouse; Insm1 overexpression; Rbm24/Insm1 double KO; transcriptomic profiling of purified OHCs Development High 41884985

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 64 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2014 RBM24 is a major regulator of muscle-specific alternative splicing. Developmental cell 137 25313962
2012 RNA-binding protein RBM24 is required for sarcomere assembly and heart contractility. Cardiovascular research 96 22345307
2018 Rbm24, a target of p53, is necessary for proper expression of p53 and heart development. Cell death and differentiation 76 29358667
2009 RNA-binding proteins Rbm38 and Rbm24 regulate myogenic differentiation via p21-dependent and -independent regulatory pathways. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms 60 19817877
2013 Rbm24, an RNA-binding protein and a target of p53, regulates p21 expression via mRNA stability. The Journal of biological chemistry 58 24356969
2016 RBM24 suppresses cancer progression by upregulating miR-25 to target MALAT1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell death & disease 57 27584791
2016 Rbm24 Regulates Alternative Splicing Switch in Embryonic Stem Cell Cardiac Lineage Differentiation. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 56 26990106
2020 Rbm24 controls poly(A) tail length and translation efficiency of crystallin mRNAs in the lens via cytoplasmic polyadenylation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 55 32170011
2013 RNA-binding protein RBM24 regulates p63 expression via mRNA stability. Molecular cancer research : MCR 48 24375645
2016 MicroRNA-222 regulates muscle alternative splicing through Rbm24 during differentiation of skeletal muscle cells. Cell death & disease 45 26844700
2014 The RNA-binding protein Rbm24 is transiently expressed in myoblasts and is required for myogenic differentiation during vertebrate development. Mechanisms of development 45 25217815
2010 The RNA-binding protein Seb4/RBM24 is a direct target of MyoD and is required for myogenesis during Xenopus early development. Mechanisms of development 41 20338237
2021 Alternative Splicing Mediated by RNA-Binding Protein RBM24 Facilitates Cardiac Myofibrillogenesis in a Differentiation Stage-Specific Manner. Circulation research 40 34816743
2020 The master transcription factor SOX2, mutated in anophthalmia/microphthalmia, is post-transcriptionally regulated by the conserved RNA-binding protein RBM24 in vertebrate eye development. Human molecular genetics 39 31814023
2020 RNA-Binding Protein Rbm24 as a Multifaceted Post-Transcriptional Regulator of Embryonic Lineage Differentiation and Cellular Homeostasis. Cells 37 32806768
2020 Rbm24 modulates adult skeletal muscle regeneration via regulation of alternative splicing. Theranostics 30 33042276
2018 Expression patterns of Rbm24 in lens, nasal epithelium, and inner ear during mouse embryonic development. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 29 30133047
2018 RBM24 stabilizes hepatitis B virus pregenomic RNA but inhibits core protein translation by targeting the terminal redundancy sequence. Emerging microbes & infections 28 29760415
2019 RNA-Binding Motif Protein 24 (RBM24) Is Involved in Pregenomic RNA Packaging by Mediating Interaction between Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase and the Epsilon Element. Journal of virology 27 30626666
2017 Stk38 Modulates Rbm24 Protein Stability to Regulate Sarcomere Assembly in Cardiomyocytes. Scientific reports 27 28322254
2021 RNA-binding protein RBM24 represses colorectal tumourigenesis by stabilising PTEN mRNA. Clinical and translational medicine 26 34709758
2016 RBM20 and RBM24 cooperatively promote the expression of short enh splice variants. FEBS letters 26 27289039
2021 RBM24 exacerbates bladder cancer progression by forming a Runx1t1/TCF4/miR-625-5p feedback loop. Experimental & molecular medicine 25 34021255
2020 Circular RNA SMARCA5 suppressed non-small cell lung cancer progression by regulating miR-670-5p/RBM24 axis. Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica 23 33085761
2018 AAV9-mediated Rbm24 overexpression induces fibrosis in the mouse heart. Scientific reports 23 30076363
2021 Rbm24 displays dynamic functions required for myogenic differentiation during muscle regeneration. Scientific reports 21 33941806
2020 Rbm24 regulates inner-ear-specific alternative splicing and is essential for maintaining auditory and motor coordination. RNA biology 21 32887533
2021 TPRG1-AS1 induces RBM24 expression and inhibits liver cancer progression by sponging miR-4691-5p and miR-3659. Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver 20 34328265
2016 Negative feedback circuitry between MIR143HG and RBM24 in Hirschsprung disease. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20 27565737
2017 Global profiling of Rbm24 bound RNAs uncovers a multi-tasking RNA binding protein. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 17 29104163
2022 RBM24 in the Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Cancer Progression: Anti-Tumor or Pro-Tumor Activity? Cancers 16 35406615
2020 Alternative Splicing of Cdh23 Exon 68 Is Regulated by RBM24, RBM38, and PTBP1. Neural plasticity 15 32774357
2017 RBM24 promotes U1 snRNP recognition of the mutated 5' splice site in the IKBKAP gene of familial dysautonomia. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 15 28592461
2021 miR‑383 increases the cisplatin sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cells through inhibition of the RBM24‑mediated NF‑κB signaling pathway. International journal of oncology 14 34558639
2020 lncRNA HAND2-AS1 Regulates Prostate Cancer Cell Growth Through Targeting the miR-106a-5p/RBM24 Axis. OncoTargets and therapy 14 32547083
2023 RBM24 is required for mouse hair cell development through regulating pre-mRNA alternative splicing and mRNA stability. Journal of cellular physiology 13 36947695
2021 TRIM56 suppresses the malignant development of hepatocellular carcinoma via targeting RBM24 and inactivating the Wnt signaling. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 13 33577026
2022 RBM24 controls cardiac QT interval through CaMKIIδ splicing. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 11 36454480
2022 RBM24 inhibits the translation of SARS-CoV-2 polyproteins by targeting the 5'-untranslated region. Antiviral research 9 36464077
2024 Deciphering the genetic interactions between Pou4f3, Gfi1, and Rbm24 in maintaining mouse cochlear hair cell survival. eLife 8 38483314
2024 Dysregulated RBM24 phosphorylation impairs APOE translation underlying psychological stress-induced cardiovascular disease. Nature communications 8 39580475
2022 The RNA-binding protein RBM24 regulates lipid metabolism and SLC7A11 mRNA stability to modulate ferroptosis and inflammatory response. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 8 36478739
2020 Marek's Disease Virus (Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2)-Encoded miR-M2-5p Simultaneously Promotes Cell Proliferation and Suppresses Apoptosis Through RBM24 and MYOD1-Mediated Signaling Pathways. Frontiers in microbiology 7 33224130
2020 Heterozygous loss of Rbm24 in the adult mouse heart increases sarcomere slack length but does not affect function. Scientific reports 6 32376900
2021 Tumor suppressor RBM24 inhibits nuclear translocation of CTNNB1 and TP63 expression in liver cancer cells. Oncology letters 5 34345299
2025 RBM24-mediated biogenesis of circ23679 protects cardiomyocytes against apoptosis via sponging miR-15b-5p. International journal of biological macromolecules 4 40250678
2024 Rbm24 modulates neuronal RNA splicing to restrict cognitive dysfunction. International journal of biological macromolecules 4 39004256
2024 Rbm24/Notch1 signaling regulates adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and mediates Parkinson-associated olfactory dysfunction. Theranostics 4 39113792
2023 MiR-20a-5p targets RBM24 and alleviates hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France) 4 38158676
2022 RBM24 is localized to stress granules in cells under various stress conditions. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 4 35395551
2022 RBM24 Mediates Lymph Node Metastasis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Regulating Twist1. Journal of oncology 3 36213838
2025 RBM24 regulates phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cell in vascular remodeling by stabilizing JAK2 mRNA. Cardiovascular research 2 41216933
2024 YAP1-induced RBM24 promotes the tumorigenesis of triple-negative breast cancer through the β-catenin pathway. Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research 2 38441112
2024 Rbm24-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of skeletal and cardiac muscle development, function and regeneration. Journal of muscle research and cell motility 2 39614020
2024 RBM24 Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Glioblastoma by Stabilizing LATS1 mRNA. Biochemical genetics 1 38499965
2022 lncRNA HAND2-AS1 Regulates Prostate Cancer Cell Growth Through Targeting the miR-106a-5p/RBM24 Axis [Retraction]. OncoTargets and therapy 1 35115788
2016 (1)H, (15)N and (13)C backbone and side chain resonance assignments of the RRM domain from human RBM24. Biomolecular NMR assignments 1 27002326
2026 Promoting mechanisms of papillary thyroid carcinoma by the LncRNA CASC2/miR-193a-3p/RBM24 axis. Die Naturwissenschaften 0 41729285
2026 Rbm24 promotes outer hair cell survival through Insm1 repression while independently regulating hair bundle morphogenesis. Development (Cambridge, England) 0 41884985
2026 Alternative splicing of the Rbm24 gene is essential for cochlear hair cell stereocilia integrity and hearing function in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 0 41973913
2025 Genetic screening of the RNA-binding protein RBM24 and its binding sites in the SOX2 3' untranslated region in a cohort of 50 patients with micro-anophthalmia. Ophthalmic genetics 0 39957481
2025 RBM24 regulates apoptosis rates by modulating global transcriptome profile in CAL27 cells. Scientific reports 0 40200085
2025 Cuproptosis-induced upregulation of RBM24 suppresses tumor metastasis via MAPK signaling blockage in colorectal cancer. Archives of medical science : AMS 0 41676418
2017 Corrigendum: Stk38 Modulates Rbm24 Protein Stability to Regulate Sarcomere Assembly in Cardiomyocytes. Scientific reports 0 28753211

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