Affinage

MGAT1

Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase · UniProt P26572

Length
445 aa
Mass
50.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
77 papers in source corpus 24 papers cited in narrative 24 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

MGAT1 encodes GlcNAc-TI, the medial-Golgi glycosyltransferase that initiates conversion of oligomannose to complex and hybrid N-glycans by transferring N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-GlcNAc onto Man5GlcNAc2-Asn; its activity depends on a DXD-containing active site, with Asp-212 coordinating UDP-GlcNAc and Mn2+ and Arg-303 stabilizing a critical structural element (PMID:11467936, PMID:12634323). The enzyme is a type II Golgi protein whose N-terminal transmembrane domain and catalytic HPHG motif are both required for activity, and a conserved transmembrane glutamine residue mediates correct Golgi retention (PMID:28347400, PMID:30971450). MGAT1 forms homomers and heteromers with MGAT2 that transit from the ER to the Golgi, and its output is selectively restrained in the Golgi lumen by the inhibitory proteins GnT1IP-L and MGAT4D-L, the latter acting through an essential C-terminal PSLFQ motif beyond mere physical binding (PMID:26371870, PMID:32763972, PMID:39083973). Loss of MGAT1-dependent complex N-glycans is developmentally essential: Mgat1-null embryos lose complex glycans after the depletion of maternally supplied transcript and die post-implantation, and complex glycans are required for oocyte developmental competence and, in spermatogonia specifically, for ERK1/2 signaling downstream of glycosylated basigin during spermatogenesis (PMID:8563140, PMID:9363433, PMID:15509794, PMID:29386567, PMID:32300591). Beyond glycan biosynthesis, MGAT1 is transcriptionally driven by hepatic PPARγ2 and by Wnt/β-catenin signaling and promotes triacylglycerol synthesis through relocalization to lipid droplets and interaction with DGAT2 (PMID:22869740, PMID:28347400, PMID:29310626). Through N-glycosylation of cell-surface substrates including basigin, CD73, and MUC3A, MGAT1 modulates tumor invasion, immune evasion, and dendritic-cell immunostimulatory function, and a non-canonical mitochondrial pool supports Treg oxidative phosphorylation (PMID:22957033, PMID:39264847, PMID:40229283, PMID:41479910, PMID:35491865).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 23 steps
  1. 1995 Medium

    Established that embryonically produced complex N-glycans become essential only after early post-implantation stages, defining the developmental window of MGAT1 dependency.

    Evidence In situ hybridization and lectin histochemistry on staged Mgat1-null embryos

    PMID:8563140

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify which glycoprotein substrates are essential at E7.5
    • Source of persisting early glycans not molecularly resolved in this study
  2. 1997 Medium

    Defined the human MGAT1 gene structure and a TATA-less, Sp1-containing housekeeping promoter, providing the transcriptional framework for the gene.

    Evidence Genomic cloning with CAT reporter, RNase protection and primer extension in HeLa cells

    PMID:9020882

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not identify regulatory transcription factors
    • Functional significance of the two transcripts unresolved
  3. 1997 Medium

    Showed that complex N-glycans in Mgat1-null blastocysts derive from maternal oocyte mRNA, explaining the delayed onset of the null phenotype.

    Evidence Genotyping and RT-PCR of null blastocysts with L-PHA lectin binding

    PMID:9363433

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not address tissue-specific embryonic requirements
    • Perdurance kinetics of maternal protein vs mRNA not separated
  4. 2001 High

    Pinpointed active-site residues by mapping Lec1A CHO mutations to the DXD motif (Asp-212) and a structural Arg-303, directly establishing the catalytic mechanism.

    Evidence Sequencing of CHO mutants, site-directed reversion with activity rescue, interpreted via the rabbit enzyme crystal structure

    PMID:11467936

    Open questions at the time
    • Human enzyme structure not solved here
    • Catalytic transition-state chemistry not directly probed
  5. 2002 High

    Definitively identified Mgat1 as the gene encoding GlcNAc-TI by showing six independent loss-of-function mutations in Lec1 CHO cells rescued by cDNA reversion.

    Evidence Sequencing of mutant CHO lines, site-directed mutagenesis, activity and lectin assays

    PMID:12634323

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not address regulation or non-catalytic functions
  6. 2004 High

    Demonstrated that MGAT1-dependent complex N-glycans are required for oocyte developmental competence but dispensable for fertilization and implantation, refining the in vivo requirement.

    Evidence ZP3Cre oocyte conditional knockout with zona pellucida morphology, lectin staining and fertility assays

    PMID:15509794

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific glycoprotein substrates of zona competence not identified
    • Molecular cause of embryo retardation unresolved
  7. 2010 High

    Showed a neuronal requirement for the Mgat1 ortholog in locomotion, lifespan, and oxidative-stress resistance, linking N-glycosylation to neuronal homeostasis.

    Evidence CNS-specific RNAi and neuronal transgenic rescue in Drosophila with enzyme activity and lifespan readouts

    PMID:20457894

    Open questions at the time
    • Neuronal glycoprotein substrates not identified
    • Mechanism linking glycans to oxidative-stress resistance unknown
  8. 2012 High

    Connected MGAT1-generated branched N-glycans to tumor migration, invasion and metastasis through a pathway shared with downstream α-mannosidase II.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown in HeLa/PC-3, enzyme activity and lectin assays, invasion assays, orthotopic xenografts, swainsonine epistasis

    PMID:22957033

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific pro-invasion glycoprotein substrates not defined here
    • Downstream signaling not mapped
  9. 2012 High

    Placed MGAT1 downstream of hepatic PPARγ2 as a driver of triglyceride synthesis and steatosis, establishing a metabolic regulatory and functional role distinct from glycan branching.

    Evidence PPARγ2 ChIP/EMSA/luciferase, MGAT1 overexpression and liver-specific knockdown in high-fat and ob/ob mice

    PMID:22869740

    Open questions at the time
    • Reconciliation of a glycosyltransferase with acyltransferase-driven TG synthesis not resolved
    • Direct enzymatic mechanism of TG contribution unaddressed here
  10. 2002 High

    Reported a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase activity for MGAT1, attributing diacylglycerol synthesis to the expressed protein.

    Evidence Heterologous expression in insect cells with membrane MGAT activity assay and substrate titration

    PMID:12077311

    Open questions at the time
    • Relationship between this acyltransferase activity and GlcNAc-transferase identity not reconciled
    • Possible gene-symbol ambiguity not addressed in the assay
  11. 2015 High

    Identified GnT1IP-L as a selective Golgi-luminal inhibitor of MGAT1, revealing a layer of compartment-specific regulation of glycan branching.

    Evidence ER-retention constructs, FRET and BiFC interaction imaging, activity assays with selectivity controls against MGAT2/3/4B/5

    PMID:26371870

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of inhibition not resolved
    • Physiological contexts of GnT1IP-L action not defined
  12. 2017 Medium

    Showed MGAT1 relocalizes from ER to lipid droplets on fatty acid loading and synergizes with DGAT2 to expand triacylglycerol stores, supporting a direct lipid-metabolic function.

    Evidence Live-cell imaging, domain mutagenesis of TMD and HPHG motif, DGAT2 co-immunoprecipitation, lipid accumulation assays

    PMID:28347400

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which a Golgi glycosyltransferase contributes to TAG synthesis unresolved
    • Single lab
  13. 2018 Medium

    Established MGAT1 as a Wnt/β-catenin transcriptional target promoting hepatocellular tumor growth, linking developmental signaling to MGAT1 expression.

    Evidence LiCl/GSK-3β-inhibitor/mutant β-catenin manipulation, luciferase promoter assay, proliferation/migration assays, SCID xenograft

    PMID:29310626

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct β-catenin/TCF binding site not mapped
    • Substrates driving the tumor phenotype not defined
  14. 2018 Medium

    Demonstrated MGAT1-dependent N-glycosylation of basigin acts upstream of ERK1/2 signaling in germ cells, mechanistically connecting glycan branching to a signaling pathway.

    Evidence Spermatogonial conditional knockout with microarray/pathway analysis and CHO Lec1-vs-wildtype basigin epistasis

    PMID:29386567

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct demonstration that basigin glycosylation alone restores ERK in vivo not shown
    • Roles of reduced EGFR/PDGFRA glycosylation not separated
  15. 2018 Low

    Reported MGAT1 as a BRI3 binding partner, a candidate physical interaction lacking functional context.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid screen with cotransformation and co-immunoprecipitation

    PMID:30983867

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of the interaction uncharacterized
    • Single lab, no reciprocal in vivo validation
  16. 2019 Medium

    Identified a conserved transmembrane glutamine as a Golgi-retention determinant for the GnTI ortholog, explaining how the enzyme is held in its biosynthetic compartment.

    Evidence TMD site-directed mutagenesis, fluorescent localization and N-glycan profiling in Arabidopsis and tobacco

    PMID:30971450

    Open questions at the time
    • The Golgi adaptor or lipid partner inferred but not identified
    • Plant ortholog; mammalian retention machinery not directly tested
  17. 2020 High

    Localized the essential MGAT1 requirement to spermatogonia by cell-type-specific transgenic rescue, defining where the enzyme must act for fertility.

    Evidence Conditional knockout rescue with Stra8/Ldhc/Prm1-promoter transgenes, MALDI imaging glycomics, lectin staining, fertility tests

    PMID:32300591

    Open questions at the time
    • Full set of essential spermatogonial glycoproteins not enumerated
    • Mechanistic link to later spermatid development unresolved
  18. 2020 High

    Dissected MGAT4D-L inhibition of MGAT1 to a five-residue PSLFQ motif, showing physical binding is necessary but insufficient for inhibition.

    Evidence CHO/S2 transfection, GNA lectin substrate-accumulation assay, systematic mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation of inactive mutants

    PMID:32763972

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural mechanism of how PSLFQ blocks catalysis unknown
    • Physiological settings of MGAT4D-L inhibition undefined
  19. 2022 Medium

    Showed MGAT1-mediated N-glycosylation stabilizes MUC3A to drive tumor invasion, identifying a specific oncogenic substrate.

    Evidence RNA pull-down/RIP for an upstream lncRNA axis, N-glycosylation and Western assays, cell and animal invasion/apoptosis experiments

    PMID:35491865

    Open questions at the time
    • Glycosylation site on MUC3A not mapped
    • Single lab
  20. 2024 Medium

    Revealed a non-canonical mitochondrial MGAT1 pool that glycosylates GRN and HYOU1 to enhance Treg oxidative phosphorylation, expanding MGAT1 beyond the secretory pathway.

    Evidence Mitochondrial fractionation, XBP1s transcription analysis, TOM70 interaction, substrate glycosylation, Treg functional and GvHD models

    PMID:39264847

    Open questions at the time
    • How a UDP-GlcNAc-dependent enzyme functions in the mitochondrial environment unresolved
    • Single lab; import mechanism mechanistically thin
  21. 2024 Medium

    Visualized MGAT1 homomers and MGAT1–MGAT2 heteromers transitioning from ER to Golgi in living cells, establishing physical assembly of the branching enzymes.

    Evidence Split-luciferase (NanoBiT) bioluminescence imaging in live cells

    PMID:39083973

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of heteromerization for catalysis not measured
    • Single method, single lab
  22. 2025 Medium

    Defined an MGAT1–CD73–VAMP3 axis in which CD73 glycosylation enables its dimerization and membrane delivery to drive tumor immune evasion, identifying a druggable mechanism.

    Evidence MGAT1 overexpression/KO, Co-IP, CD73 glycosylation and VAMP3 interaction assays, spatial transcriptomics, TNBC models with anti-PD-L1 and inhibitor W-GTF01

    PMID:40229283

    Open questions at the time
    • Generalizability beyond TNBC not established
    • Single lab
  23. 2025 Medium

    Showed that loss of MGAT1-dependent complex/hybrid N-glycans enhances dendritic-cell immunostimulation via NF-κB and IFNB1, indicating these glycans normally restrain DC function.

    Evidence CRISPR/Cas9 MGAT1 KO in MUTZ-3 DCs, flow cytometry of HLA/CD40, allogeneic T-cell assays, cytokine and RT-qPCR analysis

    PMID:41479910

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific DC glycoprotein substrates regulating NF-κB not identified
    • Single lab, single cell line

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How MGAT1's reported acyltransferase/lipid-droplet and mitochondrial functions mechanistically relate to its canonical Golgi GlcNAc-transferase activity, and whether they reflect distinct activities of the same protein, remains unresolved.
  • No structural or enzymatic reconciliation of dual glycosyltransferase/acyltransferase activities
  • No unified model for substrate selection across compartments

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0016740 transferase activity 6 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 3
Localization
GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus 3 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 2 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 1 GO:0005811 lipid droplet 1
Pathway
R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 4 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism 2
Partners
BRI3CD73DGAT2GNT1IP-LMGAT2MGAT4D-LTOM70VAMP3

Evidence

Reading pass · 24 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2002 MGAT1 encodes a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT) that catalyzes synthesis of diacylglycerol from oleoyl-CoA and monooleoylglycerol; expression of MGAT1 cDNA in insect cells markedly increased MGAT activity in cell membranes, and activity was proportional to MGAT1 protein level and dependent on substrate concentration. Heterologous expression in insect cells, membrane activity assay, substrate titration Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 12077311
1997 The human MGAT1 gene (encoding GlcNAc-TI) is organized with at least two exons; the 5' flanking region of exon 1 contains Sp1 binding sites but no TATA or CCAAT boxes, consistent with a housekeeping gene. Transient transfection of a CAT reporter construct confirmed promoter activity in HeLa cells. Multiple transcription start sites give rise to two transcripts (~2.7–3.0 kb and 3.1 kb). Genomic cloning, transient transfection/CAT reporter assay, ribonuclease protection, primer extension, RT-PCR, Northern analysis The Biochemical journal Medium 9020882
1995 Complex N-glycans detected in Mgat1-null preimplantation embryos (E3.5) by lectin histochemistry decline to undetectable levels by E7.5, demonstrating that maternally derived glycoproteins or transcripts sustain complex N-glycan presence early and that embryonically derived complex N-glycans become essential after E7.5. In situ RNA hybridization, lectin histochemistry on Mgat1-null embryos Glycobiology Medium 8563140
1997 Complex N-glycans in Mgat1-null blastocysts arise from maternally derived Mgat1 mRNA present in oocytes; RT-PCR of identified null blastocysts confirmed wild-type Mgat1 RNA, and complex N-glycans (detected by L-PHA lectin binding) persisted until at least E4.5 but were absent in embryos from E5.5 onward. PCR genotyping of blastocysts, RT-PCR with restriction analysis, lectin binding (L-PHA) Glycobiology Medium 9363433
2001 Two point mutations in GlcNAc-TI (MGAT1) found in independent Lec1A CHO mutants reduce affinity for both UDP-GlcNAc and Man5GlcNAc2Asn substrates: G634A converts Asp-212 in the conserved DXD motif (disrupting interactions with UDP-GlcNAc and Mn2+), and C907T converts Arg-303 to Trp (destabilizing a critical structural element). Site-directed mutagenesis reverting each mutation restored wild-type GlcNAc-TI activity. Sequencing of CHO mutants, site-directed mutagenesis, GlcNAc-TI activity assay, interpretation via crystal structure of rabbit GlcNAc-TI Biochemistry High 11467936
2002 Lec1 CHO cells lack GlcNAc-TI (MGAT1) activity due to mutations in the Mgat1 coding region; six independent lec1 mutations (insertions/transitions causing premature stop codons or frameshifts) were identified in the Mgat1 gene. Reversion of mutant cDNAs by site-directed mutagenesis restored wild-type lectin binding and GlcNAc-TI activity in Lec1 transfectants. Sequencing of genomic DNA/cDNA PCR products from mutant CHO lines, site-directed mutagenesis, GlcNAc-TI activity assay, lectin binding Glycobiology High 12634323
2004 Conditional deletion of Mgat1 in oocytes (using ZP3Cre) causes a thinner zona pellucida lacking complex N-glycans, decreased fertility, fewer eggs and preimplantation embryos, and ~25% of resulting embryos are severely developmentally retarded. However, Mgat1-null embryos can still undergo fertilization, blastogenesis, and implantation, demonstrating that complex/hybrid N-glycans are required for oocyte developmental competence but not for fertilization or implantation per se. Conditional knockout (ZP3Cre), zona pellucida morphology/thickness measurement, lectin staining, embryo tracking, fertility assays Molecular and cellular biology High 15509794
2012 MGAT1 knockdown by shRNA in HeLa and PC-3 tumor cells reduces GlcNAc-TI transcript, enzyme activity, and branched N-glycans at the cell surface, inhibiting cell migration and invasion without altering proliferation. In orthotopic PC-3 xenograft mice, MGAT1 knockdown significantly decreased primary tumor growth and incidence of lung metastases. Swainsonine (α-mannosidase II inhibitor downstream of MGAT1) also inhibited invasion and was not additive with MGAT1 shRNA, indicating a common pathway. shRNA knockdown, GlcNAc-TI enzyme activity assay, cell surface lectin staining, migration/invasion assays, xenograft model, epistasis with swainsonine PloS one High 22957033
2012 Hepatic PPARγ2 directly regulates MGAT1 promoter activity; luciferase reporter assay, EMSA, and ChIP demonstrated direct PPARγ2 binding to the MGAT1 promoter. MGAT1 overexpression in hepatocytes enhanced triglyceride synthesis; liver-specific MGAT1 knockdown in high-fat-fed and ob/ob mice significantly reduced hepatic steatosis, weight gain, and improved glucose tolerance. Adenoviral PPARγ2 injection, microarray, luciferase promoter assay, EMSA, ChIP, MGAT1 overexpression/knockdown in hepatocytes and mice Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 22869740
2015 GnT1IP-L inhibits MGAT1 specifically in the Golgi via its luminal domain. Retention of GnT1IP-L in the ER markedly reduced inhibitory activity. Dynamic FRET and BiFC assays revealed homomeric GnT1IP-L interactions in the ER and heteromeric interactions with MGAT1 in the Golgi. GnT1IP-L did not generate FRET signals with MGAT2, MGAT3, MGAT4B, or MGAT5, demonstrating selectivity for MGAT1. ER-retention constructs, FRET, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), GlcNAc-TI activity assay eLife High 26371870
2017 Murine MGAT1 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum under basal conditions and re-localizes to lipid droplets upon fatty acid enrichment, contributing to triacylglycerol synthesis and lipid droplet expansion. Both the N-terminal transmembrane domain and the catalytic HPHG motif are required for enzyme activity. MGAT1 interacts with DGAT2, synergistically increasing TAG biosynthesis and lipid droplet expansion. Fluorescent protein tagging and live-cell imaging, domain mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation with DGAT2, lipid accumulation assay BMB reports Medium 28347400
2018 Conditional deletion of Mgat1 in spermatogonia (Mgat1 cKO) causes loss of complex N-glycans, reduced EGFR and PDGFRA transcripts, and reduced ERK1/2 signaling in germ cells. Basigin (a germ cell glycoprotein and MGAT1 substrate) activated ERK1/2 in CHO cells but not in Lec1 CHO cells lacking MGAT1, placing MGAT1-dependent N-glycosylation of basigin upstream of ERK signaling in spermatogenesis. Conditional knockout, gene expression microarray, IPA/GSEA bioinformatics, Western blot for ERK1/2, CHO cell epistasis (Lec1 vs. wild-type) with basigin transfection Scientific reports Medium 29386567
2018 MGAT1 is a transcriptional target of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway; activation of Wnt/β-catenin (by LiCl, GSK-3β inhibitor, or mutant β-catenin overexpression) upregulates MGAT1 at mRNA and protein levels. β-catenin overexpression increased MGAT1 promoter activity in a luciferase assay. MGAT1 overexpression in Huh7 cells increased proliferation, migration, and tumor growth in SCID mice. Western blot, RT-qPCR, luciferase promoter assay, wound healing assay, XTT proliferation assay, xenograft in SCID mice BMC cancer Medium 29310626
2020 MGAT1 must be expressed specifically in spermatogonia (not spermatocytes or spermatids) for normal spermatogenesis. Transgenic rescue with Stra8-Mgat1-HA (spermatogonia-specific) in Mgat1 cKO males restored normal testis morphology, N-glycan complement on basigin, and fertility; rescue with spermatocyte- or spermatid-specific transgenes did not. Conditional knockout rescue with cell-type-specific Mgat1 transgenes (Stra8-, Ldhc-, Prm1-promoters), MALDI imaging mass spectrometry of testis N-glycans, lectin histochemistry, fertility testing Frontiers in cell and developmental biology High 32300591
2019 Golgi localization of GnTI (MGAT1 ortholog in plants) requires a conserved glutamine residue within the transmembrane domain. Substitution of this Gln with other amino acids caused mislocalization to the vacuole and impaired N-glycan processing in vivo, suggesting the TMD interacts with a Golgi-resident adaptor or lipid environment mediating COPI-dependent retrograde transport. Site-directed mutagenesis of TMD, fluorescent fusion protein subcellular localization, N-glycan profiling in Arabidopsis and tobacco Plant physiology Medium 30971450
2020 MGAT4D-L inhibits MGAT1 activity in mammalian and Drosophila S2 cells. Site-directed mutagenesis identified a five-amino-acid C-terminal motif (PSLFQ) in MGAT4D-L as essential for MGAT1 inhibition; deletion or Ala-substitution of PSLFQ inactivated inhibitory activity. Within PSLFQ, both Leu-395 and Phe-396 are independently essential. Inactive MGAT4D-L mutants still co-immunoprecipitated with MGAT1, indicating that physical interaction alone is insufficient for inhibition. Transfection in CHO/S2 cells, GNA lectin binding assay for MGAT1 substrate accumulation, site-directed mutagenesis, co-immunoprecipitation The Journal of biological chemistry High 32763972
2024 MGAT1 is translocated into mitochondria in human Tregs upon elevated intracellular lactate. The mechanism involves lactate-induced XBP1s activation promoting MGAT1 transcription, and direct interaction of lactate with the TOM70 import receptor facilitating MGAT1 mitochondrial translocation. Mitochondrial MGAT1 drives N-glycosylation of progranulin (GRN) and HYOU1, enhancing Treg oxidative phosphorylation and suppressive function. Mitochondrial isolation, sequencing, XBP1s transcription factor analysis, TOM70 interaction assay, N-glycosylation of GRN/HYOU1, Treg functional assays, xenogeneic GvHD mouse model The Journal of clinical investigation Medium 39264847
2025 MGAT1 overexpression in triple-negative breast cancer leads to immune evasion by promoting CD73 membrane translocation. Mechanistically, MGAT1 adds N-acetylglucosamine to CD73, enabling CD73 dimerization required for loading onto VAMP3 and membrane fusion. THBS1 is identified as an upstream factor orchestrating the MGAT1–CD73–VAMP3–adenosine axis. A specific MGAT1 inhibitor (W-GTF01) blocking CD73 glycosylation sensitized refractory tumors to anti-PD-L1 therapy. MGAT1 overexpression/KO, Co-IP, CD73 glycosylation assay, VAMP3 interaction, spatial transcriptomics, preclinical TNBC mouse models with anti-PD-L1 combination Nature communications Medium 40229283
2024 MGAT1 homo- and heteromers with MGAT2 can be visualized in living cells; NanoBiT bioluminescence imaging demonstrated ER-to-Golgi transitions of MGAT1/MGAT2 homo- and heteromeric complexes, establishing that these glycosylation enzymes physically interact in both compartments. Split-luciferase complementation (NanoBiT), bioluminescence microscopy in live cells Biochemical and biophysical research communications Medium 39083973
2025 MGAT1 knockout in human dendritic cells (MUTZ-3 line) abolishes complex and hybrid N-glycan synthesis, upregulates NF-κB (NFKB1 mRNA elevated) and IFNB1, increases surface HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, and CD40 density, and markedly enhances CD8+ T cell activation and proliferation in vitro. This demonstrates that MGAT1-dependent complex/hybrid N-glycans negatively regulate DC immunostimulatory function. CRISPR/Cas9 KO of MGAT1 in MUTZ-3-derived DCs, flow cytometry (surface markers), allogeneic T cell activation assay, cytokine measurement, RT-qPCR Frontiers in immunology Medium 41479910
2022 MGAT1 stabilizes MUC3A protein by inducing N-glycosylation of MUC3A; knockdown of MGAT1 (downstream of lncRNA LINC00173 which stabilizes MGAT1 mRNA via HNRNPA2B1 recruitment) reduced MUC3A protein levels and inhibited Wilms' tumor cell invasion and promoted apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. RNA pull-down, RIP, dual-luciferase reporter, Western blot, N-glycosylation assay, functional cell and animal experiments Cell cycle Medium 35491865
2018 MGAT1 was identified as a binding partner of BRI3 by yeast two-hybrid screening of a human liver cDNA library; interaction confirmed by cotransformation in yeast and co-immunoprecipitation from mammalian cell lines. Yeast two-hybrid, cotransformation, co-immunoprecipitation Turkish journal of biology Low 30983867
2010 Neuronal expression of Mgat1 (GnT1) is required for normal locomotion and lifespan in Drosophila; CNS-specific knockdown phenocopies Mgat1 null locomotor and lifespan defects. Neuronal transgenic rescue of Mgat1 null mutants increased mean lifespan by 135% and correlated with increased GnT1 enzyme activity and resistance to oxidative stress. Tissue-specific RNAi (CNS knockdown), transgenic rescue with Mgat1 under neuronal promoter, GnT1 activity assay, lifespan analysis, oxidative stress assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 20457894
2012 In Drosophila, Mgat1-dependent N-glycosylation of immune cell membrane proteins is required for cellular encapsulation of parasitoid wasp eggs; loss-of-function mutations in Mgat1 and seven other N-glycosylation pathway genes led to defective capsule formation. Overexpression of Mgat1 conferred resistance against a wasp species that targets N-glycosylation as a virulence mechanism. Genetic mutant analysis, lectin staining of immune cell N-glycans, parasitoid wasp infection assay, Mgat1 overexpression PLoS pathogens Medium 22829770

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 77 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2008 Beyond triglyceride synthesis: the dynamic functional roles of MGAT and DGAT enzymes in energy metabolism. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism 177 19116371
2002 Identification of a gene encoding MGAT1, a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 162 12077311
2012 Nuclear receptor PPARγ-regulated monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (MGAT1) expression is responsible for the lipid accumulation in diet-induced hepatic steatosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 142 22869740
2012 6'-Guanidinonaltrindole (6'-GNTI) is a G protein-biased κ-opioid receptor agonist that inhibits arrestin recruitment. The Journal of biological chemistry 94 22736766
2002 Five Lec1 CHO cell mutants have distinct Mgat1 gene mutations that encode truncated N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I. Glycobiology 90 12634323
2004 Inactivation of the Mgat1 gene in oocytes impairs oogenesis, but embryos lacking complex and hybrid N-glycans develop and implant. Molecular and cellular biology 85 15509794
2012 Long-acting κ opioid antagonists nor-BNI, GNTI and JDTic: pharmacokinetics in mice and lipophilicity. BMC pharmacology 77 22642416
2013 Functional selectivity of 6'-guanidinonaltrindole (6'-GNTI) at κ-opioid receptors in striatal neurons. The Journal of biological chemistry 74 23775075
1996 Cloning and molecular genetic characterization of the Escherichia coli gntR, gntK, and gntU genes of GntI, the main system for gluconate metabolism. Journal of bacteriology 71 8655507
2006 MS-binding assays: kinetic, saturation, and competitive experiments based on quantitation of bound marker as exemplified by the GABA transporter mGAT1. ChemMedChem 67 16892353
2014 Intestine-specific deletion of acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT) 2 protects mice from diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. The Journal of biological chemistry 64 24784138
1999 Molecular cloning and characterization of cDNA coding for beta1, 2N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GlcNAc-TI) from Nicotiana tabacum. Glycobiology 62 10406843
2024 Lactate supports Treg function and immune balance via MGAT1 effects on N-glycosylation in the mitochondria. The Journal of clinical investigation 47 39264847
2002 Kappa opioid antagonist effects of the novel kappa antagonist 5'-guanidinonaltrindole (GNTI) in an assay of schedule-controlled behavior in rhesus monkeys. Psychopharmacology 44 12373442
2012 Mgat1-dependent N-glycosylation of membrane components primes Drosophila melanogaster blood cells for the cellular encapsulation response. PLoS pathogens 42 22829770
2013 Engineering Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for producing recombinant proteins with simple glycoforms by zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN)-mediated gene knockout of mannosyl (alpha-1,3-)-glycoprotein beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (Mgat1). Journal of biotechnology 40 23777858
2009 Linkage and genome-wide association analysis of obesity-related phenotypes: association of weight with the MGAT1 gene. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 39 19851299
1997 Molecular genetic characterization of the Escherichia coli gntT gene of GntI, the main system for gluconate metabolism. Journal of bacteriology 39 9045817
2024 GNTI-122: an autologous antigen-specific engineered Treg cell therapy for type 1 diabetes. JCI insight 37 38516892
2018 CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing for the creation of an MGAT1-deficient CHO cell line to control HIV-1 vaccine glycosylation. PLoS biology 35 30157178
1995 Complex asparagine-linked oligosaccharides in Mgat1-null embryos. Glycobiology 35 8563140
2012 Suppression of cancer progression by MGAT1 shRNA knockdown. PloS one 32 22957033
1997 Complex N-glycans in Mgat1 null preimplantation embryos arise from maternal Mgat1 RNA. Glycobiology 31 9363433
2013 Hypomorphic MGAT5 polymorphisms promote multiple sclerosis cooperatively with MGAT1 and interleukin-2 and 7 receptor variants. Journal of neuroimmunology 29 23351704
2010 Mgat1-dependent N-glycans are essential for the normal development of both vertebrate and invertebrate metazoans. Seminars in cell & developmental biology 29 20206280
1997 Organization of the human beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I gene (MGAT1), which controls complex and hybrid N-glycan synthesis. The Biochemical journal 29 9020882
2010 Neuronal expression of Mgat1 rescues the shortened life span of Drosophila Mgat11 null mutants and increases life span. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 27 20457894
2016 The G-protein biased partial κ opioid receptor agonist 6'-GNTI blocks hippocampal paroxysmal discharges without inducing aversion. British journal of pharmacology 26 26928671
2009 Comparative genomics and proteomics of vertebrate diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), acyl CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase (AWAT) and monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, Genomics & proteomics 25 20374941
2013 Selective κ opioid antagonists nor-BNI, GNTI and JDTic have low affinities for non-opioid receptors and transporters. PloS one 23 23976952
2003 The activator of GntII genes for gluconate metabolism, GntH, exerts negative control of GntR-regulated GntI genes in Escherichia coli. Journal of bacteriology 23 12618441
2015 GnT1IP-L specifically inhibits MGAT1 in the Golgi via its luminal domain. eLife 21 26371870
2001 Independent Lec1A CHO glycosylation mutants arise from point mutations in N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I that reduce affinity for both substrates. Molecular consequences based on the crystal structure of GlcNAc-TI. Biochemistry 21 11467936
2023 Transmembrane Protein 68 Functions as an MGAT and DGAT Enzyme for Triacylglycerol Biosynthesis. International journal of molecular sciences 19 36768334
2019 The Golgi Localization of GnTI Requires a Polar Amino Acid Residue within Its Transmembrane Domain. Plant physiology 19 30971450
2017 Monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (MGAT1) localizes to the ER and lipid droplets promoting triacylglycerol synthesis. BMB reports 19 28347400
2015 Expression and purification of soluble and stable ectodomain of natural killer cell receptor LLT1 through high-density transfection of suspension adapted HEK293S GnTI(-) cells. Protein expression and purification 19 25623399
2024 Role of glycosylation-related gene MGAT1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Frontiers in immunology 18 39156890
2018 MGAT1 and Complex N-Glycans Regulate ERK Signaling During Spermatogenesis. Scientific reports 18 29386567
2016 Molecular switches of the κ opioid receptor triggered by 6'-GNTI and 5'-GNTI. Scientific reports 18 26742690
2017 Identification of methylated GnTI-dependent N-glycans in Botryococcus brauni. The New phytologist 17 28737213
2018 MGAT1 is a novel transcriptional target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. BMC cancer 15 29310626
2014 Family studies of type 1 diabetes reveal additive and epistatic effects between MGAT1 and three other polymorphisms. Genes and immunity 15 24572742
2006 In vivo expression of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine: Alpha-3-D-mannoside beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnT-1) in Aspergillus oryzae and effects on the sugar chain of alpha-amylase. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 14 17090929
2013 2-Substituted 4-hydroxybutanamides as potential inhibitors of γ-aminobutyric acid transporters mGAT1-mGAT4: synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 13 23859778
2011 Genetic variants near the MGAT1 gene are associated with body weight, BMI and fatty acid metabolism among adults and children. International journal of obesity (2005) 13 21304485
2022 LINC00173 promotes Wilms' tumor progression through MGAT1-mediated MUC3A N-glycosylation. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 12 35491865
2022 MicroRNA miR-331-3p suppresses osteosarcoma progression via the Bcl-2/Bax and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathways and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (MGAT1). Bioengineered 12 35758024
2017 Co-overexpression of Mgat1 and Mgat4 in CHO cells for production of highly sialylated albumin-erythropoietin. Enzyme and microbial technology 12 28554385
2015 Rapid and facile recombinant expression of bovine rhodopsin in HEK293S GnTI(-) cells using a PiggyBac inducible system. Methods in enzymology 12 25857788
2005 Large-scale purification and characterization of human parathyroid hormone-1 receptor stably expressed in HEK293S GnTI- cells. Protein expression and purification 12 16376105
1998 The gluconate high affinity transport of GntI in Escherichia coli involves a multicomponent complex system. Journal of basic microbiology 12 9871335
2003 Guanidino N-substituted and N,N-disubstituted derivatives of the kappa-opioid antagonist GNTI. Journal of medicinal chemistry 10 14640558
2025 MGAT1-Guided complex N-Glycans on CD73 regulate immune evasion in triple-negative breast cancer. Nature communications 9 40229283
2006 Effect of GNTI, a kappa opioid receptor antagonist, on MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion and stereotypy in mice. Acta pharmacologica Sinica 9 17049114
2017 High-level expression and purification of soluble form of human natural killer cell receptor NKR-P1 in HEK293S GnTI- cells. Protein expression and purification 8 28757467
2016 Discovery of Human Intestinal MGAT Inhibitors Using High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry. SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D 8 28328319
2020 Circular RNA MGAT1 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes through miR-34a/YAP1 axis. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 7 33165436
1997 Ontogeny and location of HMG-CoA reductase, ACAT, and MGAT in human small intestine. The American journal of physiology 7 9252510
1992 Mapping of the mouse bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase gene (Gnt-1) to chromosome 1 by restriction fragment length variations. Biochemical genetics 7 1359870
2020 Transgenic Rescue of Spermatogenesis in Males With Mgat1 Deleted in Germ Cells. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 5 32300591
1998 Nuclear proteins from liver and kidney bind a 37 bp sequence in the 5' upstream region of the mGAT1 gene. Neuroreport 4 9926847
2023 The tobacco GNTI stem region harbors a strong motif for homomeric protein complex formation. Frontiers in plant science 3 38089803
2020 Point mutations that inactivate MGAT4D-L, an inhibitor of MGAT1 and complex N-glycan synthesis. The Journal of biological chemistry 3 32763972
2018 Development of a Stable MGAT1- CHO Cell Line to Produce Clade C gp120 With Improved Binding to Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies. Frontiers in immunology 3 30344523
2018 Association between the MGAT1 rs634501 polymorphism and serum lipid traits in the Chinese Han and Maonan ethnic groups. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 3 31949680
2024 Elucidating the multifaceted role of MGAT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma: integrative single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal novel therapeutic insights. Frontiers in immunology 2 39081317
2024 Subcellular imaging of MGAT1/MGAT2 homo- and heteromers in living cells using bioluminescence microscopy. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2 39083973
2016 The rs4285184 polymorphism of the MGAT1 gene as a risk factor for obesity in the Mexican population. Medicina clinica 2 27871764
2009 Differential effects of human and plant N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnTI) in plants. Transgenic research 2 19826906
2025 CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockouts of the ALG3 and GNTI in N. benthamiana and Their Application to Pharmaceutical Production. Plant biotechnology journal 1 40905205
2018 Identification of IFITM3 and MGAT1 as novel interaction partners of BRI3 by yeast two-hybrid screening. Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi 1 30983867
2026 Exosomal circZNF638 promotes postmenopausal osteoporosis progression through MGAT1-mediated SMAD9 glycosylation. Connective tissue research 0 41744136
2025 MGAT1 knockout in human dendritic cells enhance CD8+ T cell activation. Frontiers in immunology 0 41479910
2024 Determination, expression and characterization of an UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:α-1,3-D-mannoside β-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnT-I) from the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Glycoconjugate journal 0 38557922
2001 Involvement of gntS in the control of GntI, the main system for gluconate metabolism in Escherichia coli. Journal of basic microbiology 0 11441462
1999 [Study on the interaction between the 5' proximal region of mGAT-1 and nuclear proteins by the method of SPR]. Shi yan sheng wu xue bao 0 12548803

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