Affinage

MARK1

Serine/threonine-protein kinase MARK1 · UniProt Q9P0L2

Round 2 corrected
Length
795 aa
Mass
89.0 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
130 papers in source corpus 10 papers cited in narrative 10 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

MARK1 is a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates microtubule-associated proteins (tau, MAP2, MAP4) at KXGS motifs within their microtubule-binding domains, reducing their affinity for microtubules and increasing microtubule dynamic instability (PMID:7706316, PMID:9108484). MARK1 is activated by LKB1-mediated phosphorylation of its T-loop threonine and by DAPK binding to its spacer region, which relieves an intramolecular autoinhibitory interaction between the C-terminal KA1 domain and the kinase domain; this autoinhibition can also be relieved by anionic phospholipids through a coincidence-detection mechanism at membranes (PMID:14976552, PMID:21311567, PMID:27879374). Downstream of LKB1, MARK-family kinases regulate the Hippo–YAP pathway through Scribble relocalization (PMID:24362629), and MARK1 controls dendritic morphology and axon–dendrite specification in cortical neurons (PMID:18492799). The H. pylori virulence factor CagA directly binds and inhibits MARK1/PAR1 kinase activity, disrupting epithelial cell polarity (PMID:17507984).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 10 steps
  1. 1995 High

    Identification of MARK1 as a tau kinase resolved the question of which kinase phosphorylates the KXGS motifs critical for tau–microtubule binding, establishing MARK1's core biochemical activity.

    Evidence Purification of a 110-kDa kinase from brain with in vitro kinase and microtubule co-sedimentation assays

    PMID:7706316

    Open questions at the time
    • No in vivo validation of microtubule destabilization
    • Substrate specificity beyond tau not yet tested
  2. 1997 High

    Cloning of MARK1/MARK2 and demonstration that they phosphorylate tau, MAP2, and MAP4 broadened substrate scope and showed that MAP phosphorylation disrupts the microtubule array in cells, establishing the cellular consequence of MARK activity.

    Evidence Molecular cloning, in vitro kinase assays, cell overexpression with immunofluorescence

    PMID:9108484

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of MARK1 activation in vivo unknown
    • Physiological context (which tissues, which signaling cues) not defined
  3. 1999 High

    Showing that MARK-mediated tau phosphorylation inhibits paired helical filament assembly decoupled microtubule detachment from pathological aggregation, reframing the role of KXGS phosphorylation in tauopathy.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assay coupled with PHF assembly assay

    PMID:10090741

    Open questions at the time
    • Relevance to in vivo tauopathy progression not tested
    • Effect of combinatorial phosphorylation by other kinases on aggregation unclear
  4. 2004 High

    Identification of LKB1 as the upstream activating kinase for MARK1 via T-loop phosphorylation resolved the long-standing question of how MARK1 is switched on, linking it to the AMPK-related kinase signaling network.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assay, T-loop mutagenesis, LKB1-deficient cell lines

    PMID:14976552

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether additional kinases can activate MARK1 in LKB1-independent contexts not addressed
    • Structural basis of LKB1–MARK1 interaction unknown
  5. 2007 High

    Discovery that H. pylori CagA directly binds and inhibits MARK1/PAR1 kinase activity revealed a pathogen-mediated hijacking of polarity signaling and showed that MARK1 inhibition is required for the CagA-induced hummingbird phenotype.

    Evidence Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase inhibition, dominant-negative constructs, cell polarity assays

    PMID:17507984

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural details of CagA–MARK1 interface unresolved
    • Whether CagA selectively targets MARK1 versus other MARK paralogs not fully dissected
  6. 2008 Medium

    Demonstrating that both overexpression and knockdown of MARK1 alter dendrite length established a dosage-sensitive role in neuronal morphogenesis and linked MARK1 to axon–dendrite specification.

    Evidence Overexpression and siRNA knockdown in mouse neocortical neurons with live-cell imaging

    PMID:18492799

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream substrates mediating dendritic effects beyond tau/MAP2 not identified
    • In vivo knockout phenotype in mammalian brain not reported
    • ASD-associated SNP functional effect based on association, not causation
  7. 2011 High

    Showing that DAPK activates MARK1/2 by binding the spacer region and relieving autoinhibition identified a second activation mechanism independent of T-loop phosphorylation and connected MARK1 to the DAPK–tau phosphorylation–neurodegeneration axis.

    Evidence Co-IP, domain-deletion mutagenesis, DAPK knockout mouse brain, Drosophila genetic epistasis

    PMID:21311567

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether DAPK and LKB1 activation act synergistically or redundantly in neurons not tested
    • Physiological signals triggering DAPK-mediated MARK activation not defined
  8. 2013 Medium

    Placing MARK kinases between LKB1 and the Hippo–YAP pathway via Scribble relocalization expanded MARK function beyond microtubule regulation into growth-control signaling and tumor suppression.

    Evidence RNAi kinome screen, epistasis experiments, YAP reporter assays

    PMID:24362629

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific contribution of MARK1 versus other MARK paralogs not resolved
    • Direct phosphorylation substrates linking MARK to Scribble relocalization unknown
  9. 2016 High

    Biochemical dissection of KA1-domain autoinhibition and its relief by anionic phospholipids established a coincidence-detection mechanism for MARK1 activation at membranes, unifying membrane recruitment with kinase activation.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis, in vitro kinase assay, lipid vesicle binding and activation assay

    PMID:27879374

    Open questions at the time
    • Identity of the physiological membrane compartment that activates MARK1 in vivo not established
    • No full-length structural model of autoinhibited MARK1
  10. 2018 Medium

    Identification of MARK1 as a direct miR-125a-5p target whose knockdown promotes cervical cancer cell migration defined MARK1 as a suppressor of cell migration and connected it to post-transcriptional regulation in a cancer context.

    Evidence Luciferase 3′-UTR reporter assay, siRNA knockdown, transwell migration assay in HeLa and C-33A cells

    PMID:29076440

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which MARK1 loss promotes migration not elucidated
    • Relevance to cervical cancer in vivo not confirmed
    • Single-lab finding without independent replication

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key open questions include the full-length structure of autoinhibited MARK1, the identity of its physiological membrane activating compartment, the specific substrates mediating its roles in Hippo signaling and neuronal polarity beyond MAPs, and the individual contributions of MARK1 versus other MARK paralogs in each biological context.
  • No full-length crystal or cryo-EM structure of autoinhibited MARK1
  • Paralog-specific knockout phenotypes in mammals not reported
  • Direct substrates in Hippo–YAP axis unidentified

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 5 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 2 GO:0140657 ATP-dependent activity 2 GO:0008289 lipid binding 1
Localization
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 2 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 1
Pathway
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 2 R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 2 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 2 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 1
Partners
CAGADAPKLKB1MAP2MAP4SCRIBBLETAU

Evidence

Reading pass · 10 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1995 A novel 110-kDa serine/threonine kinase (p110mark, later named MARK1) was purified from brain tissue and shown to specifically phosphorylate tau at KXGS motifs within the repeat domain (primarily Ser262), causing dramatic reduction of tau's affinity for microtubules and inducing microtubule dynamic instability in vitro. Protein purification from brain, in vitro kinase assay, microtubule co-sedimentation assay The Journal of biological chemistry High 7706316
1997 MARK1 and MARK2 (cloned from rat) phosphorylate microtubule-associated proteins tau, MAP2, and MAP4 on KXGS motifs in their microtubule-binding domains, causing dissociation from microtubules and increased microtubule dynamics; overexpression of MARK in cells leads to hyperphosphorylation of MAPs, disruption of the microtubule array, morphological changes, and cell death. Catalytic activity depends on phosphorylation of two residues in subdomain VIII. Molecular cloning, in vitro kinase assay, cell overexpression with immunofluorescence microscopy Cell High 9108484
1999 MARK phosphorylation of tau at Ser262 (KXGS motif) and Ser214 strongly reduces tau's affinity for microtubules but, contrary to expectations, simultaneously inhibits tau's assembly into paired helical filaments (PHFs), demonstrating that MARK-mediated phosphorylation uncouples microtubule detachment from pathological aggregation. In vitro kinase assay with MARK, PHF assembly assay, phosphopeptide analysis Biochemistry High 10090741
2004 LKB1 (in complex with STRAD and MO25) phosphorylates the T-loop threonine of MARK1 (and MARK2, MARK3, MARK4 and eight other AMPK-related kinases), increasing their activity >50-fold. Mutation of the T-loop Thr to Ala prevents activation; mutation to Glu produces constitutively active forms. Endogenous MARK1 activity is markedly reduced in LKB1-deficient cells, establishing LKB1 as the master upstream kinase for MARK1. In vitro kinase assay, site-directed mutagenesis of T-loop, LKB1-deficient cell lines The EMBO journal High 14976552
2007 H. pylori virulence protein CagA physically interacts with PAR1/MARK kinase (including MARK1-family members) via a direct protein–protein interaction. CagA binding inhibits PAR1 kinase activity and prevents atypical PKC (aPKC)-mediated phosphorylation of PAR1 (which normally dissociates PAR1 from the membrane), collectively causing junctional and polarity defects. PAR1's multimeric nature also promotes CagA multimerization, stabilizing the CagA–SHP2 interaction, and induction of the hummingbird phenotype by CagA requires simultaneous PAR1 kinase inhibition. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, dominant-negative and constitutively active constructs, cell polarity assays Nature High 17507984
2008 MARK1 overexpression and siRNA-mediated silencing both result in significantly shorter dendrite length in mouse neocortical neurons, and MARK1 overexpression modifies dendritic transport speed. MARK1 is involved in axon–dendrite specification (consistent with its role as a Par-1 ortholog), and an ASD-associated SNP (rs12410279) modulates MARK1 transcription levels. Neuronal overexpression and siRNA knockdown, live-cell imaging of dendritic morphology and transport Human molecular genetics Medium 18492799
2011 Death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) activates MARK1 and MARK2 by binding to their spacer region via its death domain (not its catalytic domain), disrupting an intramolecular autoinhibitory interaction within MARK1/2. This DAPK-mediated activation of MARK1/2 leads to tau and MAP2/4 phosphorylation and inhibition of microtubule assembly. DAPK−/− mouse brain shows reduced tau phosphorylation, and DAPK enhances MARK2's effect on polarized neurite outgrowth. In a Drosophila tauopathy model, DAPK acts through the MARK ortholog PAR-1 to induce neurodegeneration. Co-immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, domain-deletion mutagenesis, DAPK knockout mouse brain analysis, Drosophila genetic epistasis Cell death and differentiation High 21311567
2013 A kinome RNAi screen identified LKB1 as a Hippo pathway component; LKB1 acts through MARK-family kinases to regulate the localization of the polarity determinant Scribble and the activity of core Hippo kinases (LATS1/2), thereby controlling YAP activity. This defines a LKB1–MARK–Scribble–Hippo–YAP signaling axis relevant to LKB1 tumor suppressor function. RNAi kinome screen, epistasis experiments, immunofluorescence localization, YAP reporter assays Nature cell biology Medium 24362629
2016 The C-terminal KA1 (kinase-associated-1) domain of human MARK1 directly interacts with and autoinhibits the MARK1 kinase domain. Mutagenesis identified specific KA1 residues required for autoinhibition that are identical to residues required for anionic phospholipid binding. Membrane-targeted 'mini' MARK1 becomes activated upon association with vesicles containing anionic phospholipids, but only when a second membrane-targeting signal is also present, establishing a two-signal coincidence detection mechanism for MARK1 activation at membranes. Site-directed mutagenesis, in vitro kinase activity assay, lipid vesicle binding and activation assay The Biochemical journal High 27879374
2018 MARK1 is a direct functional target of miR-125a-5p in cervical tumor cells. miR-125a-5p directly represses MARK1 protein expression via a binding site in the MARK1 3'-UTR (validated by luciferase assay). siRNA-mediated knockdown of MARK1 enhances migration of HeLa and C-33A cervical cancer cells, indicating that MARK1 suppresses cell migration in this context. Luciferase reporter assay, siRNA knockdown, transwell migration assay MicroRNA Medium 29076440

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 130 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2011 The Polycomb complex PRC2 and its mark in life. Nature 2626 21248841
2006 Genomic DNA methylation: the mark and its mediators. Trends in biochemical sciences 1759 16403636
2012 Histone methylation: a dynamic mark in health, disease and inheritance. Nature reviews. Genetics 1720 22473383
2011 ER tubules mark sites of mitochondrial division. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1669 21885730
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2009 Defining the human deubiquitinating enzyme interaction landscape. Cell 1282 19615732
2004 LKB1 is a master kinase that activates 13 kinases of the AMPK subfamily, including MARK/PAR-1. The EMBO journal 1153 14976552
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2015 A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. Cell 1015 26496610
2020 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. Nature 849 32296183
2003 Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nature genetics 754 14702039
2007 Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry. Molecular systems biology 733 17353931
2016 G-quadruplex structures mark human regulatory chromatin. Nature genetics 724 27618450
1997 MARK, a novel family of protein kinases that phosphorylate microtubule-associated proteins and trigger microtubule disruption. Cell 724 9108484
2017 Roles of tau protein in health and disease. Acta neuropathologica 716 28386764
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2004 Expression dynamics of WOX genes mark cell fate decisions during early embryonic patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana. Development (Cambridge, England) 632 14711878
2008 Genome-scale RNAi screen for host factors required for HIV replication. Cell host & microbe 627 18976975
2018 High-Density Proximity Mapping Reveals the Subcellular Organization of mRNA-Associated Granules and Bodies. Molecular cell 580 29395067
2020 Comparative host-coronavirus protein interaction networks reveal pan-viral disease mechanisms. Science (New York, N.Y.) 564 33060197
2013 53BP1 is a reader of the DNA-damage-induced H2A Lys 15 ubiquitin mark. Nature 553 23760478
1999 Phosphorylation that detaches tau protein from microtubules (Ser262, Ser214) also protects it against aggregation into Alzheimer paired helical filaments. Biochemistry 475 10090741
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2022 OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human cellular organization. Science (New York, N.Y.) 432 35271311
2011 First off the mark: early seed germination. Journal of experimental botany 431 21430292
2016 Protein prenylation: unique fats make their mark on biology. Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology 424 26790532
2005 Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. Genome research 409 16344560
2019 The histone mark H3K36me2 recruits DNMT3A and shapes the intergenic DNA methylation landscape. Nature 404 31485078
2007 Helicobacter pylori CagA targets PAR1/MARK kinase to disrupt epithelial cell polarity. Nature 401 17507984
2013 Protein interaction network of the mammalian Hippo pathway reveals mechanisms of kinase-phosphatase interactions. Science signaling 383 24255178
1998 New phosphorylation sites identified in hyperphosphorylated tau (paired helical filament-tau) from Alzheimer's disease brain using nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry. Journal of neurochemistry 348 9832145
1995 Microtubule-associated protein/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase (p110mark). A novel protein kinase that regulates tau-microtubule interactions and dynamic instability by phosphorylation at the Alzheimer-specific site serine 262. The Journal of biological chemistry 345 7706316
2021 A proximity-dependent biotinylation map of a human cell. Nature 339 34079125
2000 Phosphorylation sites on tau identified by nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry: differences in vitro between the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and P38, and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta. Journal of neurochemistry 324 10737616
2017 DNA methylation: an epigenetic mark of cellular memory. Experimental & molecular medicine 310 28450738
1998 Phosphorylation of tau at both Thr 231 and Ser 262 is required for maximal inhibition of its binding to microtubules. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 293 9735171
2009 Four histone variants mark the boundaries of polycistronic transcription units in Trypanosoma brucei. Genes & development 286 19369410
2005 Raised CRP levels mark metabolic and functional impairment in advanced COPD. Thorax 286 16055618
2007 Genomic patterns of DNA methylation: targets and function of an epigenetic mark. Current opinion in cell biology 272 17466503
2018 The dynamic RNA modification 5-methylcytosine and its emerging role as an epitranscriptomic mark. Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA 269 30311405
1998 The endogenous and cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of tau protein in living cells: implications for Alzheimer's disease. Molecular biology of the cell 259 9614189
2013 A genetic screen identifies an LKB1-MARK signalling axis controlling the Hippo-YAP pathway. Nature cell biology 248 24362629
2016 H3K27 methylation: a promiscuous repressive chromatin mark. Current opinion in genetics & development 238 27940208
2016 Amino Acid Sensing by mTORC1: Intracellular Transporters Mark the Spot. Cell metabolism 207 27076075
2011 Toward an understanding of the protein interaction network of the human liver. Molecular systems biology 207 21988832
2003 Regulating the regulators: lysine modifications make their mark. Cell 188 12526789
2018 Lysine benzoylation is a histone mark regulated by SIRT2. Nature communications 180 30154464
2009 The tau of MARK: a polarized view of the cytoskeleton. Trends in biochemical sciences 175 19559622
2002 Involvement of aberrant glycosylation in phosphorylation of tau by cdk5 and GSK-3beta. FEBS letters 172 12387894
2021 The dynamic broad epigenetic (H3K4me3, H3K27ac) domain as a mark of essential genes. Clinical epigenetics 170 34238359
1998 Tau is phosphorylated by GSK-3 at several sites found in Alzheimer disease and its biological activity markedly inhibited only after it is prephosphorylated by A-kinase. FEBS letters 170 9771888
2015 DNA N(6)-methyladenine: a new epigenetic mark in eukaryotes? Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology 165 26507168
2003 Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor--are we missing the mark? Lancet (London, England) 165 12853203
2007 Differential histone modifications mark mouse imprinting control regions during spermatogenesis. The EMBO journal 163 17255950
2017 Histone propionylation is a mark of active chromatin. Nature structural & molecular biology 159 29058708
2021 Histone lactylation: epigenetic mark of glycolytic switch. Trends in genetics : TIG 148 34627643
2005 Polyadenylation and degradation of human mitochondrial RNA: the prokaryotic past leaves its mark. Molecular and cellular biology 138 16024781
2013 Mammalian DNA repair: HATs and HDACs make their mark through histone acetylation. Mutation research 136 23927873
2004 Dynamic histone modifications mark sex chromosome inactivation and reactivation during mammalian spermatogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 132 15536132
2010 Ubiquitin makes its mark on immune regulation. Immunity 126 21168777
2009 Histone acetylations mark origins of polycistronic transcription in Leishmania major. BMC genomics 115 19356248
2014 Cancer epigenetics drug discovery and development: the challenge of hitting the mark. The Journal of clinical investigation 114 24382391
2013 The chromatin response to DNA breaks: leaving a mark on genome integrity. Annual review of biochemistry 106 23414304
2004 Maize selection passes the century mark: a unique resource for 21st century genomics. Trends in plant science 105 15231281
2003 Yeasts make their mark. Nature cell biology 99 12669083
2014 Theta and high-frequency activity mark spontaneous recall of episodic memories. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 96 25143616
2017 Post-translational add-ons mark the path in exosomal protein sorting. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 93 29080091
2016 N6-Methyladenine: A Conserved and Dynamic DNA Mark. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 90 27826841
2004 An overview of the KIN1/PAR-1/MARK kinase family. Biology of the cell 85 15182702
2007 A site to remember: H3K36 methylation a mark for histone deacetylation. Mutation research 82 17346757
2006 Application of intrathecal trastuzumab (Herceptintrade mark) for treatment of meningeal carcinomatosis in HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Oncology reports 82 16596213
2021 CARM1/PRMT4: Making Its Mark beyond Its Function as a Transcriptional Coactivator. Trends in cell biology 81 33485722
2013 Cholesterol-binding molecules MLN64 and ORP1L mark distinct late endosomes with transporters ABCA3 and NPC1. Journal of lipid research 81 23709693
2009 Replication timing as an epigenetic mark. Epigenetics 81 19242104
2008 The MBD protein family-reading an epigenetic mark? Mutation research 81 18692077
2015 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine: An epigenetic mark frequently deregulated in cancer. Biochimica et biophysica acta 80 25579174
2012 Delays and diversions mark the development of B cell responses to Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 80 22547698
2014 Role of PRMTs in cancer: Could minor isoforms be leaving a mark? World journal of biological chemistry 76 24921003
2022 Plant DNA Methylation: An Epigenetic Mark in Development, Environmental Interactions, and Evolution. International journal of molecular sciences 74 35955429
2011 Mammalian 5' C-rich telomeric overhangs are a mark of recombination-dependent telomere maintenance. Molecular cell 74 21504833
2017 Making the Mark: The Role of Adenosine Modifications in the Life Cycle of RNA Viruses. Cell host & microbe 72 28618265
2011 DAPK activates MARK1/2 to regulate microtubule assembly, neuronal differentiation, and tau toxicity. Cell death and differentiation 71 21311567
2016 Enigmatic 5-hydroxymethyluracil: Oxidatively modified base, epigenetic mark or both? Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research 66 27036066
2019 H3K4me2 functions as a repressive epigenetic mark in plants. Epigenetics & chromatin 64 31266517
2008 Convergent evidence identifying MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 1 (MARK1) as a susceptibility gene for autism. Human molecular genetics 63 18492799
2021 RNA 5-methylcytosine modification and its emerging role as an epitranscriptomic mark. RNA biology 62 34288807
2014 Hitting the 'mark': interpreting lysine methylation in the context of active transcription. Biochimica et biophysica acta 62 24631869
2012 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine--the elusive epigenetic mark in mammalian DNA. Chemical Society reviews 61 22842880
2023 Menin "reads" H3K79me2 mark in a nucleosomal context. Science (New York, N.Y.) 60 36795828
2016 PionX sites mark the X chromosome for dosage compensation. Nature 58 27580037
2007 The Par-1/MARK family of protein kinases: from polarity to metabolism. Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 58 17721078
2011 Accessibility and evolutionary conservation mark bacterial small-rna target-binding regions. Journal of bacteriology 57 21278294
2016 DNA methylation: a permissive mark in memory formation and maintenance. Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) 56 27634149
2013 Cell-free expression--making a mark. Current opinion in structural biology 55 23628286
2008 Zebrafish runx1 promoter-EGFP transgenics mark discrete sites of definitive blood progenitors. Blood 50 18927441
2011 Role of LKB1-SAD/MARK pathway in neuronal polarization. Developmental neurobiology 48 21416623
2013 On your histone mark, SET, methylate! Epigenetics 46 23625014
2021 G-quadruplexes mark alternative lengthening of telomeres. NAR cancer 45 34316718
2022 Bacterial N4-methylcytosine as an epigenetic mark in eukaryotic DNA. Nature communications 41 35228526
2019 Hdac3, Setdb1, and Kap1 mark H3K9me3/H3K14ac bivalent regions in young and aged liver. Aging cell 41 31858687
2014 Ephrin B2 and EphB4 selectively mark arterial and venous vessels in cerebral arteriovenous malformation. The Journal of international medical research 41 24517927
2015 H3K27me3 is an Epigenetic Mark of Relevance in Endometriosis. Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) 40 25820690
2008 CD38 and CD157 ectoenzymes mark cell subsets in the human corneal limbus. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 40 19052657
2019 Neurog3-Independent Methylation Is the Earliest Detectable Mark Distinguishing Pancreatic Progenitor Identity. Developmental cell 39 30620902
2016 Cooperation between the H3K27me3 Chromatin Mark and Non-CG Methylation in Epigenetic Regulation. Plant physiology 37 27535791
2015 H3K23me2 is a new heterochromatic mark in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nucleic acids research 37 26476455
2018 Understanding the Histone DNA Repair Code: H4K20me2 Makes Its Mark. Molecular cancer research : MCR 36 29858375
2017 Eomesodermin and T-bet mark developmentally distinct human natural killer cells. JCI insight 36 28289707
2012 Cytosine methylation and hydroxymethylation mark DNA for elimination in Oxytricha trifallax. Genome biology 36 23075511
2023 Linking chromatin acylation mark-defined proteome and genome in living cells. Cell 35 36868209
2014 Pharmacodynamic biomarkers: falling short of the mark? Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 35 24831281
2022 Microbial functional changes mark irreversible course of Tibetan grassland degradation. Nature communications 33 35562338
2021 Increased ratios of complement factors C3a to C3 in aqueous humor and serum mark glaucoma progression. Experimental eye research 33 33493474
2021 Isonicotinylation is a histone mark induced by the anti-tuberculosis first-line drug isoniazid. Nature communications 33 34545082
2021 Nucleotide excision repair leaves a mark on chromatin: DNA damage detection in nucleosomes. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 33 34731255
2011 Epigenetics, development, and cancer: zebrafish make their mark. Birth defects research. Part C, Embryo today : reviews 33 21671358
2020 Detection methods of epitranscriptomic mark N6-methyladenosine. Essays in biochemistry 31 33284953
2015 N6-methyladenine functions as a potential epigenetic mark in eukaryotes. BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 31 26293475
2020 A mark of disease: how mRNA modifications shape genetic and acquired pathologies. RNA (New York, N.Y.) 29 33376192
2024 Gpnmb and Spp1 mark a conserved macrophage injury response masking fibrosis-specific programming in the lung. JCI insight 27 39509324
2014 Crk at the quarter century mark: perspectives in signaling and cancer. Journal of cellular biochemistry 27 24356912
2012 Dynamic changes in interneuron morphophysiological properties mark the maturation of hippocampal network activity. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 27 22573691
2008 MYSTs mark chromatin for chromosomal functions. Current opinion in cell biology 26 18511253
2019 TCF19 Promotes Cell Proliferation through Binding to the Histone H3K4me3 Mark. Biochemistry 25 31746185
2018 MARK1 is a Novel Target for miR-125a-5p: Implications for Cell Migration in Cervical Tumor Cells. MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates) 25 29076440
2011 DNA hypermethylation as an epigenetic mark for oral cancer diagnosis. Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology 25 21649736
2021 Photoactivatable ribonucleosides mark base-specific RNA-binding sites. Nature communications 24 34654832
2016 Molecular determinants of KA1 domain-mediated autoinhibition and phospholipid activation of MARK1 kinase. The Biochemical journal 24 27879374
2009 Hierarchical models for estimating density from DNA mark-recapture studies. Ecology 23 19449704