| 2005 |
MARCH2 (MARCH-II) localizes to endosomal vesicles and the plasma membrane, directly associates with syntaxin 6 (established by immunoprecipitation and in vitro binding), redistributes syntaxin 6 and syntaxin-6-interacting SNAREs into MARCH2-positive vesicles upon overexpression, perturbs retrograde transport of TGN38 and furin to the TGN, reduces cell surface transferrin receptor expression and transferrin uptake, and depletion by siRNA disrupts TGN localization of syntaxin 6 and TGN38/46. |
Immunoprecipitation, in vitro binding assay, siRNA knockdown, immunofluorescence microscopy, transferrin uptake assay |
Molecular biology of the cell |
High |
15689499
|
| 2006 |
MARCH2 (MARCH-II) associates with MARCH3 by immunoprecipitation, and both share endosomal localization and syntaxin 6 binding; the PDZ-binding motif and RING finger of MARCH3 are essential for its localization and function, providing comparative structural context for MARCH2 domain requirements. |
Immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, mutational analysis |
Journal of biochemistry |
Medium |
16428329
|
| 2007 |
MARCH2 interacts with the PDZ scaffold protein DLG1 in a PDZ domain-dependent manner (identified by tandem affinity purification/mass spectrometry and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation), co-localizes with DLG1 at sites of cell-cell contact, and promotes DLG1 ubiquitination in vivo ubiquitination assays. Loss of the MARCH2 PDZ-binding motif abolishes its localization to cell-cell contact sites. |
Tandem affinity purification, mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, in vivo ubiquitination assay, immunofluorescence |
Cellular signalling |
Medium |
17980554
|
| 2012 |
MARCH2 interacts with carvedilol-bound β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) (identified by LC-MS/MS proteomics and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation), and its E3 ligase activity mediates ubiquitination, endocytosis, and lysosomal degradation of β2AR specifically in response to carvedilol. siRNA-mediated knockdown of MARCH2 abolished carvedilol-induced β2AR ubiquitination, endocytosis, and degradation in vascular smooth muscle cells. The MARCH2–β2AR association is stabilized by carvedilol and does not require β-arrestin. |
LC-MS/MS proteomics, co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, ubiquitination assay, cell surface receptor degradation assay |
The Journal of cell biology |
High |
23166351
|
| 2013 |
MARCH2 co-immunoprecipitates and co-localizes with the adaptor proteins CAL and STX6; its binding to CAL is enhanced synergistically by STX6. MARCH2 ubiquitinates mature CFTR and promotes its lysosomal degradation in a catalytic RING-domain-dependent manner. A catalytically dead RING mutant of MARCH2 fails to degrade CFTR. MARCH2 has no effect on CFTR lacking its PDZ motif, and silencing of CAL abolishes MARCH2-mediated CFTR degradation. siRNA-mediated silencing of MARCH2 in CF epithelial cells increases mature CFTR abundance. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, co-localization (immunofluorescence), in vivo ubiquitination assay, RING domain mutagenesis, siRNA knockdown, bafilomycin A1 treatment |
PloS one |
High |
23818989
|
| 2016 |
MARCH2 overexpression impairs autophagy (reduces LC3B-II levels, impairs autophagic substrate degradation) whereas MARCH2 loss promotes autophagy via the PIK3CA-AKT-MTOR signaling pathway. MARCH2 interacts with CFTR via its PDZ domain, promotes CFTR ubiquitination and degradation, and thereby inhibits CFTR-mediated autophagy in tumor cells. |
Overexpression, siRNA/knockout, LC3B-II western blot, autophagic flux assay, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, in vivo tumorigenicity assay |
Autophagy |
Medium |
27308891
|
| 2017 |
MARCH2 knockout (via CRISPR/Cas9) in HCT116 colon cancer cells suppresses proliferation and promotes autophagy, apoptosis, and G2/M arrest associated with activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, establishing MARCH2 as a negative regulator of ER stress in this cellular context. |
CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, cell proliferation assay, flow cytometry (apoptosis, cell cycle), autophagy assay, ER stress marker analysis |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
28749466
|
| 2018 |
In Xenopus, March2 (RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase) promotes ubiquitin-mediated lysosomal degradation of Dishevelled (Dsh/Dvl), thereby antagonizing Wnt signaling. Dapper1 (Dpr1) stabilizes the March2–Dsh interaction and provides regional specificity in the dorso-animal region to control head formation. |
Xenopus embryo assays, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, lysosomal degradation assay, loss-of-function/gain-of-function in embryos |
Development (Cambridge, England) |
Medium |
29549110
|
| 2018 |
MARCH2 inhibits HIV-1 production through E3 ligase activity-dependent envelope protein degradation and/or intracellular retention (translocation), a mechanism similar to MARCH8. MARCH2 expression is upregulated upon HIV-1 infection. |
Overexpression with RING-dead mutant comparison, viral titer assay, envelope protein localization |
Virology |
Medium |
29573664
|
| 2019 |
MARCH2 ubiquitinates ERGIC3 at lysines 6 and 8, leading to its proteasomal degradation; MARCH2 depletion increases endogenous ERGIC3 levels. MARCH2-mediated ERGIC3 ubiquitination reduces secretion of ERGIC3 cargo proteins α1-antitrypsin and haptoglobin. An ERGIC3 K6R/K8R mutant resistant to ubiquitination rescues secretion, confirming ERGIC3 ubiquitination as the primary mechanism. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, site-directed mutagenesis (K6R/K8R), siRNA knockdown, secretion assay, ubiquitination assay |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
31142615
|
| 2020 |
MARCH2 directly interacts with NEMO (NF-κB essential modulator) during the late phase of bacterial/viral infection and catalyzes K48-linked ubiquitination of NEMO at Lys326, resulting in NEMO proteasomal degradation and suppression of NF-κB and interferon signaling. MARCH2 knockout mice show increased innate immune responses and resistance to bacterial/viral infection, but enhanced susceptibility to LPS-induced cytokine storm. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (K326), MARCH2-/- mouse model, bacterial/viral infection assays, cytokine measurement |
The EMBO journal |
High |
32935379
|
| 2021 |
MARCH2 (along with MARCH3, 4, and 9) downregulates cell surface expression of integrin complexes. Specifically, Integrin α4 was upregulated in mature B-lymphocytes of MARCH2 knockout mice, accompanied by decreased B-cell numbers in the spleen, establishing MARCH2 as a regulator of integrin α4β1 (VLA4) surface levels. |
Cell surface proteomics, MARCH2 knockout mouse analysis, flow cytometry |
Proteomics |
Medium |
33945654
|
| 2022 |
MARCH2 and MARCH3 associate with IL-5 receptor α (IL-5Rα) and mediate its K27-linked polyubiquitination at K379 (by MARCH2) and K383 (by MARCH3), leading to lysosomal degradation. MARCH2/3 double knockout markedly increases IL-5Rα levels, enhances IL-5-induced signaling, increases eosinophil proportions in bone marrow and blood, and aggravates OVA-induced airway eosinophilia in mice. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay (K27-linkage), site-directed mutagenesis, MARCH2/3 double-knockout mouse model, flow cytometry, OVA challenge model |
Cellular & molecular immunology |
High |
35982175
|
| 2024 |
MARCH2 directly interacts with PGAM5 and promotes its K48-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. This prevents PGAM5 from forming liquid-liquid phase separation condensates with MAVS and recruiting NLRP3, thereby inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. MARCH2 genetic ablation aggravates myocardial infarction; AAV-based MARCH2 re-introduction ameliorates I/R-induced cardiac dysfunction. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K48-linked ubiquitination assay, MARCH2 knockout mouse, single-cell RNA-seq, AAV gene delivery, phase separation assay, cardiac function measurement |
Cell discovery |
High |
38409220
|
| 2024 |
MARCH2 is a novel E3 ligase for SNAIL: its RING domain mediates SNAIL ubiquitination and degradation, and PTK6 tyrosine kinase inhibition promotes the MARCH2–SNAIL interaction. MARCH2 overexpression suppresses EMT, cell migration, anoikis resistance, and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer cells, phenocopying effects of SNAIL downregulation. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, RING domain mutagenesis, migration/invasion assay, in vivo metastasis model |
Cancer research communications |
Medium |
38457262
|
| 2024 |
Human MARCH2 (but not mouse MARCH2) restricts HIV-1 infection in primary CD4+ T cells; a specific amino acid absent in mouse MARCH2 is critical for antiretroviral function. MARCH2 domains required for binding and restriction of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins were mapped. MARCH2 is incorporated inside nascent virions and reduces particle infectivity by blocking virus entry in a RING-CH-independent manner. MARCH2 prevents cell-to-cell HIV-1 transmission. |
Domain mapping/mutagenesis, viral infectivity assay, virion incorporation assay, primary CD4+ T cell infection, cell-to-cell transmission assay |
PLoS pathogens |
Medium |
39074162
|
| 2024 |
MARCH1 and MARCH2 inhibit pseudorabies virus (PRV) replication at the cell-to-cell fusion step by associating with the viral gB/gD/gH/gL fusion complex and trapping it in the trans-Golgi network rather than degrading the proteins; this mechanism requires E3 ligase activity for blocking gB furin cleavage, though blocking gB cleavage itself does not account for the antiviral activity. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, viral replication assay, TGN localization assay, RING-dead mutant comparison |
Veterinary microbiology |
Medium |
38936155
|
| 2025 |
MARCH2 interacts with PKM2 and promotes its K33-linked polyubiquitination, stimulating PKM2 dimer-to-tetramer conversion. In MARCH2-deficient vascular smooth muscle cells, reduced PKM2 tetramerization leads to glucose metabolism reprogramming, increased histone H3K18 lactylation, and p53-driven apoptosis, exacerbating aortic aneurysm/dissection. The PKM2 activator TEPP-46 rescues MARCH2 deficiency-worsened pathology. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K33-linkage ubiquitination assay, MARCH2-/- and SMC-specific KO mice, PKM2 tetramer assay, metabolomics/ChIP (CUT&TAG), pharmacological rescue |
Circulation research |
High |
40079144
|
| 2025 |
MARCH2 mediates K63-linked polyubiquitination of ALK5 (TGF-β type I receptor) at lysines 342/343 at endosomes following TGF-β-induced endocytosis, enhancing ALK5 catalytic activity. ALK5 K342/343R mutations abolish SMAD2 phosphorylation and TGF-β responses and reduce lung metastasis in a mouse model. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K63-linkage ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (K342/343R), SMAD2 phosphorylation assay, cell migration assay, in vivo lung metastasis model |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
41213909
|
| 2025 |
MARCH2 constitutively associates with TNF-R1 and mediates K27-linked polyubiquitination of TNF-R1 at K340, resulting in its proteasomal degradation and dampening of TNF-triggered signaling. The deubiquitinase USP22 antagonizes this by removing K27-linked ubiquitin from K340, stabilizing TNF-R1. MARCH2 deficiency promotes TNF-triggered signaling; in acute liver injury, MARCH2 deficiency exacerbates pathology. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K27-linkage ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (K340), deubiquitination assay, MARCH2-/- and USP22-/- mouse models, cytokine and liver injury assays |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
41961857
|
| 2025 |
MARCH2 interacts with PTPRD and facilitates its K27-linked polyubiquitination and subsequent lysosomal degradation in a RING-domain-dependent manner, promoting PTPRD translocation from the cell membrane to lysosomes. This inhibits odontoblast differentiation. March2-deficient mice and odontoblast-specific March2 knockdown mice exhibit increased dentin thickness and elevated odontoblast marker expression. MARCH2/PTPRD double knockdown reverses the enhanced differentiation caused by MARCH2 knockdown alone. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K27-linkage ubiquitination assay, RING-domain mutagenesis, March2 knockout and conditional knockdown mice, double knockdown epistasis, lysosome trafficking assay |
International journal of oral science |
High |
41513627
|
| 2025 |
MARCH2 mediates K48-linked polyubiquitination of TIM-1 at K338, causing proteasomal degradation of TIM-1. MARCH2/3 double knockout increases TIM-1 levels, enhancing Zika virus infectivity in a TIM-1-dependent manner. A ubiquitination-resistant TIM-1 K338R/K346R mutant increases ZIKV infectivity more than wild-type TIM-1. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K48-linkage ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (K338R/K346R), MARCH2/3 double-knockout mice, ZIKV infection assay |
Cellular & molecular immunology |
High |
40817191
|
| 2025 |
TNF stimulation induces MARCH2 dimerization; dimerized MARCH2 undergoes K63-linked autoubiquitination at lysines 127 and 238, which promotes MARCH2's ability to recognize and ubiquitinate NEMO for proteasomal degradation. In resting cells, MARCH2 interacts with MARCH8, which inhibits MARCH2 activation. |
Affinity purification, LC-MS/MS, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay (K63-linked autoubiquitination), site-directed mutagenesis (K127/K238), MARCH2-/- colitis model |
Cell communication and signaling : CCS |
Medium |
40450320
|
| 2026 |
MARCH2 enhances protein stability of NR1H2 (LXRβ) via K27-linked polyubiquitination in cardiac macrophages, leading to upregulation of the efferocytosis receptor MERTK and promoting clearance of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (efferocytosis). MARCH2 global or macrophage-specific knockout impairs efferocytosis and worsens doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K27-linked ubiquitination assay, MARCH2-/- and CX3CR1Cre conditional KO mice, efferocytosis assay, cardiac function measurement |
Nature communications |
High |
41963318
|
| 2026 |
MARCH2 interacts with IL-2Rα and catalyzes its K27-linked polyubiquitination at K267, resulting in proteasomal degradation. K267 mutation impairs MARCH2-mediated ubiquitination. MARCH2 deficiency promotes IL-2-triggered STAT5 phosphorylation, effector gene expression, and T cell proliferation. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K27-linkage ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (K267R), MARCH2 knockout, STAT5 phosphorylation assay, T cell proliferation assay |
Journal of immunology |
High |
42026765
|
| 2026 |
Intracellular LRG1 recruits MARCH2 to VE-cadherin and MARCH2 catalyzes K48-linked polyubiquitination of VE-cadherin at K633, leading to proteasomal degradation, endothelial barrier disruption, and acute lung injury in sepsis. LRG1 deletion or PROTAC-mediated degradation of LRG1 reduces VE-cadherin loss and mitigates ALI. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, K48-linkage ubiquitination assay, site-directed mutagenesis (K633), Lrg1 knockout mice, endothelial permeability assay, sepsis ALI model |
Acta pharmacologica Sinica |
Medium |
42045382
|
| 2023 |
In grass carp, the MARCH2 ortholog (Cimarch2) binds TBK1 and promotes its degradation via the proteasome pathway, thereby suppressing IFN activation induced by poly I:C, SVCV, and GCRV. Overexpression promotes viral replication while knockdown enhances IFN responses. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, proteasome inhibitor experiment, overexpression and knockdown, IFN reporter assay, viral replication assay |
Fish & shellfish immunology |
Low |
37490971
|