Affinage

KRT8

Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8 · UniProt P05787

Length
483 aa
Mass
53.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 19 papers cited in narrative 19 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

KRT8 (keratin 8) is a type II intermediate filament protein that obligatorily partners with type I keratins to build the simple-epithelial cytoskeleton: K8 forms homogeneous tetrameric starter units with K18 that polymerize into filaments several-fold faster than vimentin or desmin, with assembly driven by head-to-tail dimer-dimer contacts at the ends of the central rod that become conformationally protected upon filament formation (PMID:22085677, PMID:26434626). In vivo, this K8-containing filament network organizes the apical domain of simple polarized epithelia, where its loss in enterocytes mislocalizes apical membrane proteins, syntaxin 3, and γ-tubulin and disorganizes microtubules (PMID:11171325). Network mechanics are tuned by ions and the cytolinker plectin, which crosslinks filaments and stiffens the cytoskeleton (PMID:27489177); through a direct physical interaction with plectin, KRT8 also associates with mitochondria and supports mitochondrial fission-mediated mitophagy under oxidative stress, limiting accumulation of damaged mitochondria and necrotic death (PMID:33783309). KRT8 function is gated by phosphorylation: protein kinase C, ERK1/2, and the RHOA-PKN axis phosphorylate KRT8 (PKN at Ser43) in response to mechanical or oxidative stress, driving filament disassembly, impairing autophagosome initiation and autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and disrupting the plectin-mitochondria association (PMID:1283312, PMID:28045574, PMID:32022439, PMID:36897022, PMID:24166186). Phospho-KRT8 produced by mechanical load impedes Golgi-resident RAB33B trafficking and suppresses autophagy, and conditional Krt8 deletion aggravates load-induced intervertebral disc degeneration while overexpression is protective (PMID:36897022). KRT8 abundance is further controlled at the mRNA level by NAT10-catalyzed ac4C modification (PMID:38922788) and transcriptionally by TEAD4 during preimplantation development, where it links to Hippo/YAP signaling (PMID:38206180). Beyond simple epithelia, ectopic TNF-α/NF-κB-driven induction of K8/K18 in cardiomyocytes localizes to intercalated discs and confers cardioprotection by maintaining disc and mitochondrial integrity (PMID:26280121), and elevated/stabilized KRT8 promotes EMT, migration, and tumorigenesis in multiple cancer contexts (PMID:22701666, PMID:9152022).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 18 steps
  1. 1992 Medium

    Established that KRT8 is a regulated phosphoprotein in vivo, identifying it as a direct PKC substrate and opening the question of how phosphorylation controls filament behavior.

    Evidence Metabolic phosphorylation labeling with TPA/PKC manipulation in primary mouse hepatocytes

    PMID:1283312

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific phosphorylation site not mapped
    • Functional consequence for filament assembly not assessed
    • Single pharmacological approach
  2. 1997 Medium

    Showed that K8 expression alone can nucleate keratin filaments with type I partners and that K8 versus K18 have opposing effects on tumor behavior, framing K8 as pro-migratory and pro-tumorigenic.

    Evidence Stable K8/K18 transfection into keratin-negative pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells with motility, soft-agar, and syngeneic tumor assays

    PMID:9152022

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of K8 pro-motility effect unknown
    • Single cell line/lab
    • Does not separate filament-dependent from filament-independent effects
  3. 2001 High

    Demonstrated a cell-biological function for K8-containing IFs in vivo: organizing the apical domain and microtubule/MTOC positioning in simple polarized epithelia.

    Evidence CK8-knockout mouse intestinal enterocytes with immunofluorescence of apical markers, syntaxin 3, and γ-tubulin

    PMID:11171325

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism linking keratin to apical protein delivery unresolved
    • Direct interactors mediating MTOC positioning not identified
  4. 2011 High

    Resolved the biophysical assembly pathway, establishing K8/K18 tetramers as rapid starter units and quantifying filament mechanics relative to other IFs.

    Evidence Recombinant reconstitution with analytical ultracentrifugation, sedimentation equilibrium, EM, and assembly kinetics

    PMID:22085677

    Open questions at the time
    • In vitro system lacks cellular crosslinkers and regulatory phosphorylation
    • Does not address higher-order network organization in cells
  5. 2011 Low

    Linked KRT8 genetically to CFTR-mediated chloride secretion and CF severity, implying a role in apical CFTR targeting.

    Evidence Candidate gene SNP association study in stratified F508del-CFTR cystic fibrosis patients

    PMID:21548936

    Open questions at the time
    • Genetic association only with no direct molecular/cellular experiment
    • Causal mechanism of CFTR targeting not demonstrated
  6. 2012 Medium

    Connected KRT8 phosphorylation status to filament stability and oncogenic behavior through a PKP3-PRL3 phosphatase circuit.

    Evidence PKP3/K8 shRNA knockdown and double-knockdown rescue in HCT116 with migration, soft-agar, and xenograft assays

    PMID:22701666

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct dephosphorylation of K8 by PRL3 not shown
    • Specific phosphosite not defined
    • Single lab
  7. 2013 Medium

    Established mechanical load as a physiological trigger for PKC-mediated KRT8 phosphorylation and disassembly, corroborated in human degenerative disc tissue.

    Evidence In vitro compressive loading of nucleus pulposus cells with PKC inhibition and human IDD tissue analysis

    PMID:24166186

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream consequence of disassembly not defined here
    • Phosphosite not mapped
    • Single lab
  8. 2015 High

    Refined the structural model by identifying which rod-end consensus motifs lock in during filament assembly and distinguishing K8 (self-oligomerizing) from K18 (monomeric) behavior.

    Evidence HDX-MS of recombinant K8/K18 across assembly states

    PMID:26434626

    Open questions at the time
    • No atomic-resolution structure
    • Dynamics measured in vitro without regulatory modifications
  9. 2015 High

    Revealed a cardioprotective, organelle-maintenance role for ectopically induced K8/K18 via TNF-α/NF-κB, expanding KRT8 function beyond epithelia.

    Evidence Desmin-KO and TNF-α overexpression mouse models with aortic constriction, EM, and mitochondrial function assays

    PMID:26280121

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular mechanism by which K8/K18 preserves intercalated disc/mitochondria not defined
    • Relevance to non-desmin-deficient hearts unclear
  10. 2017 Medium

    Defined opposing roles of KRT8 abundance versus phosphorylation in stress: autophagy-promoted KRT8 is cytoprotective while ERK1/2 phosphorylation drives pathological EMT.

    Evidence Autophagy and MAPK inhibition plus siRNA in RPE cells under oxidative stress

    PMID:28045574

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific ERK phosphosite not mapped
    • Mechanism coupling KRT8 to EMT program not detailed
    • Single lab
  11. 2017 Low

    Placed KRT8 upstream of Integrinβ1-FAK and TGFβ/Smad signaling to promote EMT in gastric cancer.

    Evidence KRT8 overexpression/siRNA in gastric cancer lines with Western blot pathway analysis and migration assays

    PMID:27865045

    Open questions at the time
    • Pathway placement by Western blot without reconstitution
    • Direct physical link to Integrinβ1-FAK not shown
    • Single lab
  12. 2017 Medium

    Implicated KRT8 in CRF-driven intestinal barrier dysfunction through RhoA activation, actin remodeling, and ZO-1 downregulation.

    Evidence CK8 shRNA knockdown in HT29 cells with permeability, RhoA activity, and tight junction readouts

    PMID:29179184

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking keratin to RhoA activation unknown
    • Effects shown to be specific (claudin-1/occludin independent) but not generalized
    • Single lab
  13. 2020 Medium

    Mechanistically tied KRT8 phosphorylation to impaired autophagosome-lysosome fusion during EMT, with disease relevance to proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

    Evidence Site-directed phosphosite mutagenesis and siRNA in RPE cells plus phospho-KRT8 detection in patient membranes

    PMID:32022439

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular step in fusion machinery affected not identified
    • Single lab
  14. 2020 Low

    Extended KRT8 function to developmental cell migration in human PGC-like cells.

    Evidence hPSC-derived PGCLC differentiation with KRT8 manipulation and migration assays

    PMID:33490911

    Open questions at the time
    • Limited mechanistic detail
    • Single lab
    • Direct effectors of migration not defined
  15. 2021 Medium

    Identified the KRT8-plectin-mitochondria axis as the structural basis for KRT8-supported mitophagy, and showed phosphorylation disrupts it.

    Evidence Co-IP of KRT8-PLEC, mitochondrial imaging, mitophagy flux, and knockdown in oxidatively stressed RPE cells

    PMID:33783309

    Open questions at the time
    • Co-IP without reciprocal/structural validation of the interaction interface
    • How keratin promotes mitochondrial fission mechanistically unclear
    • Single lab
  16. 2023 High

    Delivered the most complete mechanical-stress circuit: RHOA-PKN phosphorylates KRT8 at Ser43 to block RAB33B trafficking and autophagosome initiation, driving disc degeneration, validated by in vivo loss- and gain-of-function.

    Evidence Conditional Krt8 KO and AAV overexpression mice, Ser43 phosphosite assays, RAB33B trafficking, and IDD models

    PMID:36897022

    Open questions at the time
    • How phospho-KRT8 physically impedes RAB33B trafficking not resolved
    • Generality of Ser43 axis to other tissues untested
  17. 2024 Medium

    Showed KRT8 abundance is post-transcriptionally controlled by NAT10-catalyzed ac4C mRNA modification, coupling this regulation to EMT and migration in prostate cancer.

    Evidence NAT10 knockdown/overexpression, acRIP-seq, and mRNA stability assays in prostate cancer cells

    PMID:38922788

    Open questions at the time
    • ac4C site on KRT8 mRNA not pinpointed
    • Single lab
  18. 2024 Medium

    Identified transcriptional control of Krt8 by TEAD4 in mouse preimplantation embryos, linking it to Hippo/YAP signaling and morula-stage development.

    Evidence Base-editing TEAD4 knockout in mouse embryos with RNA-seq and nuclear YAP immunofluorescence, cross-species comparison

    PMID:38206180

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct TEAD4 binding to Krt8 regulatory region not shown
    • Mechanistic role of Krt8 in YAP localization unresolved
    • Not conserved in cattle

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How the multiple stress-activated kinases (PKC, ERK1/2, PKN) converge on distinct KRT8 phosphosites to selectively control filament disassembly, plectin-mitochondria coupling, and autophagy flux in a tissue-specific manner remains unresolved.
  • Full phosphosite map and kinase-site specificity incomplete
  • Structural basis of KRT8-plectin and phospho-KRT8-RAB33B effects unknown
  • Unifying model across epithelia, cardiomyocytes, and nucleus pulposus lacking

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 3 GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 2
Localization
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 3 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 2 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 1
Pathway
R-HSA-8953897 Cellular responses to stimuli 3 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 3
Partners
KRT18KRT19PLEC

Evidence

Reading pass · 19 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2011 K8 and K18 form homogeneous tetrameric complexes when mixed and renatured together (confirmed by analytical ultracentrifugation and sedimentation equilibrium), and these tetramers serve as starter units for rapid filament assembly; K8/K18 filaments assemble several times faster than vimentin and desmin, with a persistence length of ~300 nm that increases to ~480 nm upon addition of MgCl2. Recombinant protein reconstitution, analytical ultracentrifugation, sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation, electron microscopy, in vitro filament assembly kinetics Journal of structural biology High 22085677
2015 Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry of K8/K18 complexes revealed that IF-consensus motifs at the ends of the central α-helical rod segment (mediating head-to-tail dimer-dimer interaction) become distinctly more protected upon filament formation, while some coiled-coil regions remain dynamic; K8 forms dimers/tetramers alone whereas K18 is monomeric alone. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) of recombinant K8/K18 at various assembly states Journal of structural biology High 26434626
1992 KRT8 (CK8) is phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) in primary hepatocytes; TPA (a PKC activator) transiently increases CK8 phosphorylation within 15 min, an effect abolished after PKC down-regulation, identifying CK8 as an in vivo PKC substrate. CK18 phosphorylation was not increased by TPA under the same conditions. Metabolic phosphorylation labeling, TPA/PKC pharmacological manipulation in primary mouse hepatocytes, indirect immunofluorescence Cellular signalling Medium 1283312
2001 In CK8-null mouse intestinal villus enterocytes (the only cell type completely lacking IFs), apical membrane proteins (alkaline phosphatase, sucrase-isomaltase, CFTR) were lost progressively along the villus, syntaxin 3 was absent, and γ-tubulin was mislocalized from its normal sub-apical position, with disorganized microtubules — establishing a role for KRT8-containing intermediate filaments in organizing the apical domain of simple polarized epithelia. CK8-knockout mouse model, immunofluorescence localization of apical markers and cytoskeletal components in intestinal epithelia Journal of cell science High 11171325
2015 TNF-α induces ectopic expression of K8 and K18 in cardiomyocytes via NF-κB signaling; in desmin-deficient mice, the resulting K8/K18 network localizes primarily at intercalated discs and confers cardioprotection by maintaining normal intercalated disc structure and mitochondrial integrity and function. Loss of the K8/K18 network led to maladaptive cardiac phenotype after pressure overload. Genetic (desmin-KO, TNF-α overexpression) mouse models, NF-κB pathway analysis, transverse aortic constriction, electron microscopy, mitochondrial function assays, immunofluorescence Nature medicine High 26280121
2012 Loss of plakophilin3 (PKP3) leads to increased PRL3 phosphatase levels, which decreases phosphorylation of K8, stabilizing K8 filaments and increasing K8 protein levels; stabilized K8 promotes cell migration, lamellipodia formation, colony formation in soft agar, and tumorigenesis/metastasis in nude mice. K8 knockdown in the PKP3-knockdown background reverses these phenotypes. shRNA knockdown of PKP3 and K8 in HCT116 cells, Western blotting for K8 phosphorylation and PRL3, wound-healing/migration assays, soft agar colony formation, nude mouse xenografts PloS one Medium 22701666
2017 In retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under oxidative stress, KRT8 upregulation (promoted by autophagy) is cytoprotective, whereas phosphorylation of KRT8 by MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 drives pathological epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Inhibition of autophagy further promotes EMT, which is reversible by MAPK inhibition. Autophagy inhibition, MAPK pharmacological inhibition, siRNA knockdown, Western blotting, immunofluorescence in RPE cells Autophagy Medium 28045574
2020 KRT8 phosphorylation (at critical phosphorylated site) impairs autophagosome-lysosome fusion; mutagenesis of the phosphorylation site or KRT8 knockdown causes autophagy impairment in RPE cells undergoing TGF-β2-induced EMT, and phosphorylated KRT8 is detected in epiretinal/subretinal membranes of PVR patients. Site-directed mutagenesis of KRT8 phosphorylation site, siRNA knockdown, pharmacological autophagy inhibition, Western blot, immunofluorescence in RPE cells and patient membranes Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Medium 32022439
2021 KRT8 physically interacts with the cytolinker protein PLEC (plectin) and through this interaction associates with mitochondria; this KRT8-PLEC association facilitates mitochondrial fission-mediated mitophagy in RPE cells under oxidative stress, suppressing accumulation of damaged mitochondria and necrotic cell death. KRT8 phosphorylation under oxidative stress diminishes the PLEC-mitochondria-KRT8 association. Co-immunoprecipitation (KRT8-PLEC interaction), mitochondrial morphology imaging, mitophagy flux assays, KRT8/PLEC knockdown, oxidative stress model in RPE cells Autophagy Medium 33783309
2023 Excessive mechanical load activates RHOA-PKN (protein kinase N), which phosphorylates KRT8 on Ser43; this phosphorylation impedes trafficking of Golgi-resident RAB33B, suppresses autophagosome initiation, and contributes to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Conditional knockout of Krt8 in nucleus pulposus aggravates load-induced IDD in vivo, while KRT8 overexpression confers resistance. Knockdown of PKN1/PKN2 at early IDD stage ameliorates degeneration. Conditional KO mouse, AAV-mediated KRT8 overexpression, site-specific phosphorylation assays (Ser43), RHOA-PKN pathway analysis, RAB33B trafficking assays, in vivo IDD models (lumbar instability, tail compression) Autophagy High 36897022
2013 Compressive mechanical loads applied to nucleus pulposus cells cause time- and dose-dependent phosphorylation and disassembly of CK8, mediated by activation of protein kinase C (PKC). In human IDD tissue, CK8 expression is decreased with increased phosphorylation. In vitro compressive loading of NP cells, PKC inhibitor studies, Western blotting for phospho-CK8, human IDD tissue analysis Laboratory investigation Medium 24166186
1997 Transfection of K8 into a vimentin-expressing pancreatic adenocarcinoma (no endogenous keratins) stabilized endogenous K19 and formed K8/K19 filaments; K8 expression increased cell motility and tumor growth, contrasting with K18 (which suppressed tumorigenicity). K18 required co-expression with K8 for stabilization. Stable transfection of K8 and K18 into BSp73 adenocarcinoma cells, soft agar growth assays, motility assays, syngeneic tumor formation in animals Journal of cell science Medium 9152022
2016 In vitro, potassium ions induce bundling of K8/K18 filaments and significantly stiffen the network, while the cytolinker plectin crosslinks filaments at intersection points without bundle formation but increases network rigidity at concentrations above ~20% of cellular plectin levels. In situ, plectin downregulation to ~10% significantly decreases cell stiffness of IF-containing cytoskeletons. In vitro K8/K18 network assembly with potassium ions and recombinant plectin, microrheology, atomic force microscopy on detergent-extracted A431 cells with plectin siRNA knockdown Soft matter Medium 27489177
2011 KRT8 (but not KRT18) genetic variants are associated with CFTR-mediated residual chloride secretion in F508del-CFTR homozygous cystic fibrosis patients and with CF disease severity, suggesting that K8/K18 heterodimeric intermediate filaments are required for proper CFTR targeting to the apical membrane in epithelial cells. Candidate gene association study with SNP haplotyping in contrasting CF patient subpopulations stratified by disease severity and CFTR chloride secretion BMC medical genetics Low 21548936
2024 NAT10 (N-acetyltransferase 10) stabilizes KRT8 mRNA by catalyzing N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification of KRT8 mRNA, increasing KRT8 protein levels and thereby promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell migration in prostate cancer cells. NAT10 knockdown/overexpression, acRIP-seq (ac4C RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing) to identify KRT8 mRNA as NAT10 target, mRNA stability assays, EMT marker analysis Advanced science Medium 38922788
2017 KRT8 overexpression in gastric cancer cells activates Integrinβ1-FAK-induced EMT signaling, and KRT8 overexpression increases p-Smad2/3 levels, placing KRT8 upstream of TGFβ-dependent signaling events and EMT. KRT8 overexpression and siRNA knockdown in gastric cancer cell lines, Western blotting for Integrinβ1-FAK and p-Smad2/3, migration assays Cancer science Low 27865045
2017 CRF upregulates CK8 expression in HT29 intestinal epithelial cells, and CK8 mediates CRF-induced activation of RhoA, actin remodeling, and downregulation of the tight junction protein ZO-1, contributing to increased intestinal permeability. CK8 silencing did not block CRF-induced downregulation of claudin-1 or occludin, indicating those effects are CK8-independent. shRNA knockdown of CK8 in HT29 cells, FITC-dextran permeability assay, RhoA activity immunoprecipitation, Western blot for tight junction proteins, transmission electron microscopy Cellular physiology and biochemistry Medium 29179184
2020 KRT8 mediates primordial germ cell (PGC) migration in human pluripotent stem cell-derived DDX4ec PGCLCs; KRT8 is highly expressed in these cells and plays a crucial role in their migration, as demonstrated by functional experiments. hPSC differentiation to PGCLCs, KRT8 expression analysis, functional migration assays iScience Low 33490911
2024 TEAD4 regulates Krt8 expression in mouse preimplantation embryos; TEAD4 knockout (via base editing) reduces Krt8 expression and causes developmental arrest at the morula stage, with a dramatic decrease in nuclear YAP in outside cells, suggesting TEAD4 directly regulates Hippo signaling via Krt8 and YAP. This regulation is not conserved in cattle. Base editing TEAD4 knockout in mouse embryos, RNA-seq, immunofluorescence for nuclear YAP, comparison with bovine TEAD4-depleted embryos Reproduction Medium 38206180

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2020 Alveolar regeneration through a Krt8+ transitional stem cell state that persists in human lung fibrosis. Nature communications 568 32678092
2001 Cell surface heparan sulfate is a receptor for human herpesvirus 8 and interacts with envelope glycoprotein K8.1. Journal of virology 152 11689640
2001 Origin-independent assembly of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus DNA replication compartments in transient cotransfection assays and association with the ORF-K8 protein and cellular PML. Journal of virology 141 11152521
2001 Human herpesvirus 8 envelope glycoprotein K8.1A interaction with the target cells involves heparan sulfate. Journal of virology 124 11462024
1998 The immunogenic glycoprotein gp35-37 of human herpesvirus 8 is encoded by open reading frame K8.1. Journal of virology 97 9658120
2015 Tumor necrosis factor-α confers cardioprotection through ectopic expression of keratins K8 and K18. Nature medicine 88 26280121
2004 Amplification of the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 lytic origin of DNA replication is dependent upon a cis-acting AT-rich region and an ORF50 response element and the trans-acting factors ORF50 (K-Rta) and K8 (K-bZIP). Virology 87 14972523
1998 Human herpesvirus-8 ORF K8.1 gene encodes immunogenic glycoproteins generated by spliced transcripts. Virology 87 9740785
2001 Anomalous apical plasma membrane phenotype in CK8-deficient mice indicates a novel role for intermediate filaments in the polarization of simple epithelia. Journal of cell science 86 11171325
2003 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus lytic origin (ori-Lyt)-dependent DNA replication: identification of the ori-Lyt and association of K8 bZip protein with the origin. Journal of virology 85 12719550
1989 Complete nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding VP4 of a human rotavirus (strain K8) which has unique VP4 neutralization epitopes. Journal of virology 84 2474677
2004 K8 and K12 are biotinylated in human histone H4. European journal of biochemistry 81 15153116
2006 Targeted disruption of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF57 in the viral genome is detrimental for the expression of ORF59, K8alpha, and K8.1 and the production of infectious virus. Journal of virology 74 17108026
1999 Characterization of human herpesvirus-8 K8.1A/B glycoproteins by monoclonal antibodies. Virology 73 10489357
2017 High KRT8 expression promotes tumor progression and metastasis of gastric cancer. Cancer science 71 27865045
2010 Detection of antibodies to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus: a new approach using K8.1 ELISA and a newly developed recombinant LANA ELISA. Journal of immunological methods 67 20211626
2017 Autophagy and KRT8/keratin 8 protect degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium under oxidative stress. Autophagy 63 28045574
1999 Comparison of human sera reactivities in immunoblots with recombinant human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 proteins associated with the latent (ORF73) and lytic (ORFs 65, K8.1A, and K8.1B) replicative cycles and in immunofluorescence assays with HHV-8-infected BCBL-1 cells. Virology 61 10191203
1999 Identification and characterization of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K8.1 virion glycoprotein. Journal of virology 55 9882339
1995 Increased expression of cytokeratins CK8 and CK19 is associated with head and neck carcinogenesis. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 50 8634660
2002 The human B-cell lymphoma cell line RC-K8 has multiple genetic alterations that dysregulate the Rel/NF-kappaB signal transduction pathway. Oncogene 48 12483529
2004 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus glycoprotein K8.1 is dispensable for virus entry. Journal of virology 47 15163732
1990 Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content and keratins by using CK7, CK8, CK18, CK19, and KL1 monoclonal antibodies in benign and malignant human breast tumors. Cytometry 47 1696538
1974 Properties of an R plasmid in Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing amikacin (BB-K8), butirosin, kanamycin, tobramycin, and sisomicin resistance. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 47 4217586
2004 Requirement of a 12-base-pair TATT-containing sequence and viral lytic DNA replication in activation of the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K8.1 late promoter. Journal of virology 43 14963167
2011 Complex formation and kinetics of filament assembly exhibited by the simple epithelial keratins K8 and K18. Journal of structural biology 42 22085677
2007 Regeneration of the adult thymus is preceded by the expansion of K5+K8+ epithelial cell progenitors and by increased expression of Trp63, cMyc and Tcf3 transcription factors in the thymic stroma. International immunology 42 17823311
2006 CK8 correlates with malignancy in leukoplakia and carcinomas of the head and neck. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 42 16540085
2001 Human-herpesvirus-8-encoded K8 protein colocalizes with the promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) bodies and recruits p53 to the PML bodies. Virology 42 11485412
2001 The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K8 protein interacts with CREB-binding protein (CBP) and represses CBP-mediated transcription. Journal of virology 41 11533213
2024 NAT10 Promotes Prostate Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Acetylating mRNAs of HMGA1 and KRT8. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 40 38922788
2023 Phosphorylation of KRT8 (keratin 8) by excessive mechanical load-activated PKN (protein kinase N) impairs autophagosome initiation and contributes to disc degeneration. Autophagy 40 36897022
1986 Characterization of a new human lymphoma cell line (RC-K8) with t(11;14) chromosome abnormality. Cancer 40 3742463
2021 KRT8 (keratin 8) attenuates necrotic cell death by facilitating mitochondrial fission-mediated mitophagy through interaction with PLEC (plectin). Autophagy 36 33783309
2002 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K8 exon 3 contains three 5'-splice sites and harbors a K8.1 transcription start site. The Journal of biological chemistry 36 11832484
2012 Plakophilin3 loss leads to an increase in PRL3 levels promoting K8 dephosphorylation, which is required for transformation and metastasis. PloS one 35 22701666
2022 Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K8-based paraprobiotics prevents obesity and obesity-induced inflammatory responses in high fat diet-fed mice. Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) 34 35400444
2020 Analysis of zebrafish periderm enhancers facilitates identification of a regulatory variant near human KRT8/18. eLife 33 32031521
1976 Genetic mapping of the K1 and K4 antigens (L) of Escherichia coli. Non-allelism of K(L) antigens with K antigens of O8:K27(A), O8:K8(L) and O9:K57(B). Acta pathologica et microbiologica Scandinavica. Section B, Microbiology 33 793292
2013 Down-regulated CK8 expression in human intervertebral disc degeneration. International journal of medical sciences 32 23801880
2002 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus open reading frame (ORF) 50 transactivates K8 and ORF57 promoters via heterogeneous response elements. Molecules and cells 31 12442889
2006 Essential role of RBP-Jkappa in activation of the K8 delayed-early promoter of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus by ORF50/RTA. Virology 30 17055026
2022 KRT8 Serves as a Novel Biomarker for LUAD and Promotes Metastasis and EMT via NF-κB Signaling. Frontiers in oncology 29 35664775
2002 Highly sensitive assay for human herpesvirus 8 antibodies that uses a multiple antigenic peptide derived from open reading frame K8.1. Journal of clinical microbiology 29 11825937
2023 Discovery of LL-K8-22: A Selective, Durable, and Small-Molecule Degrader of the CDK8-Cyclin C Complex. Journal of medicinal chemistry 28 36930701
2007 Isolation and partial characterization of the Streptococcus mutans type AII lantibiotic mutacin K8. Microbiology (Reading, England) 28 17464078
2023 Histone deacetylase OsHDA706 increases salt tolerance via H4K5/K8 deacetylation of OsPP2C49 in rice. Journal of integrative plant biology 27 36807738
2017 Vibrio parahaemolyticus O4:K8 forms a potential predominant clone in southern China as detected by whole-genome sequence analysis. International journal of food microbiology 27 28073082
2016 Genetic Evidence for O-Specific Antigen as Receptor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phage K8 and Its Genomic Analysis. Frontiers in microbiology 27 26973628
2019 Glycoprotein K8.1A of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Is a Critical B Cell Tropism Determinant Independent of Its Heparan Sulfate Binding Activity. Journal of virology 25 30567992
1990 Nucleotide sequence of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 and val-tRNA genes and surrounding sequences from Kluyveromyces lactis K8 mitochondrial DNA. Yeast (Chichester, England) 25 2171241
2007 Cytokeratin KRT8/18 expression differentiates distinct subtypes of grade 3 invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Cancer genetics and cytogenetics 23 17954264
1992 Differential phosphorylation of CK8 and CK18 by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate in primary cultures of mouse hepatocytes. Cellular signalling 23 1283312
2020 KRT8 phosphorylation regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in retinal pigment epithelial cells through autophagy modulation. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 22 32022439
2020 The Metastasis Potential Promoting Capacity of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Was Attenuated by Cisplatin via Modulating KRT8. OncoTargets and therapy 22 32280245
2009 Histone acetyltransferase p300 is a coactivator for transcription factor REL and is C-terminally truncated in the human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell line RC-K8. Cancer letters 22 19948376
2002 Genomic organization and expression of the rearranged REL proto-oncogene in the human B-cell lymphoma cell line RC-K8. Genes, chromosomes & cancer 22 11921291
2011 Increased expression of CK8 and CK18 in leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemistry study. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology 21 22677743
2009 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus glycoproteins B and K8.1 regulate virion egress and synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor and viral interleukin-6 in BCBL-1 cells. Journal of virology 21 19955303
2005 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K8beta is derived from a spliced intermediate of K8 pre-mRNA and antagonizes K8alpha (K-bZIP) to induce p21 and p53 and blocks K8alpha-CDK2 interaction. Journal of virology 21 16254356
2011 Increased CK5/CK8-positive intermediate cells with stromal smooth muscle cell atrophy in the mice lacking prostate epithelial androgen receptor. PloS one 20 21754978
2000 Human herpesvirus 8 glycoprotein K8.1: expression, post-translational modification and localization analyzed by monoclonal antibody. Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology 20 10942093
2019 K units of the K8 and K54 capsular polysaccharides produced by Acinetobacter baumannii BAL 097 and RCH52 have the same structure but contain different di-N-acyl derivatives of legionaminic acid and are linked differently. Carbohydrate research 19 31349142
2015 Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma: a study of three cases and CK8, CK18 and CD5/6 immunoexpression. Journal of cutaneous pathology 19 25925290
2015 Loss of ATF3 promotes hormone-induced prostate carcinogenesis and the emergence of CK5(+)CK8(+) epithelial cells. Oncogene 19 26522727
2013 CK8 phosphorylation induced by compressive loads underlies the downregulation of CK8 in human disc degeneration by activating protein kinase C. Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology 19 24166186
1996 Induction of c-fos protooncogene transcription and apoptosis by delta 12-prostaglandin J2 in human Pl-21 myeloid leukemia and RC-K8 pre-B lymphoma cells. Prostaglandins 19 8908616
2012 KRT8, FAF1 and PTH1R gene polymorphisms are associated with leg weakness traits in pigs. Molecular biology reports 18 23196707
2001 Identification of a short amino acid sequence essential for efficient nuclear targeting of the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus-8 K8 protein. The Journal of general virology 18 11172091
2023 Anti-obesity potential of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K8 in 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet mice. Heliyon 17 36699277
2016 In vitro and in vivo downregulation of C3 by lipoteichoic acid isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum K8 suppressed cytokine-mediated complement system activation. FEMS microbiology letters 17 27231239
2003 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K8 protein interacts with hSNF5. The Journal of general virology 17 12604819
2021 A multi-scale integrated analysis identifies KRT8 as a pan-cancer early biomarker. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing 16 33691026
2018 Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus K8 Is an RNA Binding Protein That Regulates Viral DNA Replication in Coordination with a Noncoding RNA. Journal of virology 16 29321307
2015 Effects of oral intake of kimchi-derived Lactobacillus plantarum K8 lysates on skin moisturizing. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology 16 25179904
2001 Induction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator by the anthracycline antibiotic in human RC-K8 lymphoma and H69 lung-carcinoma cells. International journal of cancer 16 11519039
1991 Preparation and characterization of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed to VP4 of rotavirus strain K8 which has unique VP4 neutralization epitopes. Archives of virology 16 1722090
2011 An association study on contrasting cystic fibrosis endophenotypes recognizes KRT8 but not KRT18 as a modifier of cystic fibrosis disease severity and CFTR mediated residual chloride secretion. BMC medical genetics 15 21548936
2010 Functional characterization of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus open reading frame K8 by bacterial artificial chromosome-based mutagenesis. Journal of virology 15 21159864
2014 Lysate of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum K8 Modulate the Mucosal Inflammatory System in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Colitic Rats. Korean journal for food science of animal resources 14 26761681
2010 CK8/18 expression, the basal phenotype, and family history in identifying BRCA1-associated breast cancer in the Ontario site of the breast cancer family registry. Cancer 14 21425134
2004 Involvement of ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase in doxorubicin-induced uPA expression in human RC-K8 lymphoma and NCI-H69 small cell lung carcinoma cells. Oncology 14 15557793
1993 Human rotavirus K8 strain represents a new VP4 serotype. Journal of virology 14 8380098
2023 Variants of a putative baseplate wedge protein extend the host range of Pseudomonas phage K8. Microbiome 13 36721246
2021 Alleviation of LPS-Induced Inflammation and Septic Shock by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K8 Lysates. International journal of molecular sciences 12 34072918
2016 Cytokeratin (CK5, CK8, CK14) expression and presence of progenitor stem cells in human fetal thymuses. Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) 12 27213760
2003 Lytic switch protein (ORF50) response element in the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus K8 promoter is located within but does not require a palindromic structure. Virology 12 12788632
1992 Down-regulation of urokinase secretion from a human lymphoma cell line RC-K8 by dexamethasone without inducing plasminogen activator inhibitors. Thrombosis research 12 1631798
2020 CREB1 Suppresses Transcription of microRNA-186 to Promote Growth, Invasion and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Gastric Cancer Cells Through the KRT8/HIF-1α Axis. Cancer management and research 11 33061604
1997 Contrasting effects of K8 and K18 on stabilizing K19 expression, cell motility and tumorigenicity in the BSp73 adenocarcinoma. Journal of cell science 11 9152022
2020 Human pluripotent stem cell-derived DDX4 and KRT-8 positive cells participate in ovarian follicle-like structure formation. iScience 10 33490911
2017 Potential Regulatory Effects of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor on Tight Junction-Related Intestinal Epithelial Permeability are Partially Mediated by CK8 Upregulation. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 10 29179184
2015 Analysis of distinct molecular assembly complexes of keratin K8 and K18 by hydrogen-deuterium exchange. Journal of structural biology 10 26434626
2011 A rearranged EP300 gene in the human B-cell lymphoma cell line RC-K8 encodes a disabled transcriptional co-activator that contributes to cell growth and oncogenicity. Cancer letters 10 21232847
1995 Protein kinase activity-dependent inhibition of urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene transcription by cyclic AMP in human pre-B lymphoma cell line RC-K8. Biochimica et biophysica acta 10 7548228
2016 Both monovalent cations and plectin are potent modulators of mechanical properties of keratin K8/K18 networks. Soft matter 9 27489177
2014 Relationship of CK8/18 expression pattern to breast cancer immunohistochemical subtyping in Egyptian patients. Ecancermedicalscience 9 24605136
2024 TEAD4 regulates KRT8 and YAP in preimplantation embryos in mice but not in cattle. Reproduction (Cambridge, England) 8 38206180
2009 Cell blocks allow reliable evaluation of expression of basal (CK5/6) and luminal (CK8/18) cytokeratins and smooth muscle actin (SMA) in breast carcinoma. Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology 7 19843143
2023 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus glycoprotein K8.1 is critical for infection in a cell-specific manner and functions at the attachment step on keratinocytes. Journal of virology 6 37796128

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