Affinage

FZD9

Frizzled-9 · UniProt O00144

Round 2 corrected
Length
591 aa
Mass
64.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
74 papers in source corpus 14 papers cited in narrative 14 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

FZD9 is a seven-transmembrane Wnt receptor that transduces both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signals to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in neural, epithelial, and endocrine tissues. In the canonical pathway, FZD9 binds Wnt-2, recruits Dishevelled-1 and Axin to the plasma membrane, stabilizes cytosolic β-catenin, and activates TCF-dependent transcription (PMID:12138115, PMID:19038973); in the non-canonical pathway, FZD9 partners with Wnt-7a to activate JNK and ERK5→PPARγ signaling, suppressing transformation and inducing epithelial differentiation in non-small cell lung cancer (PMID:15705594, PMID:16835228). Hemizygous loss of FZD9 within the Williams syndrome deletion impairs neural progenitor proliferation and increases apoptosis (PMID:27509850), while FZD9 is a Myc transcriptional target required for sustained tumor expansion in a mouse insulinoma model (PMID:33653688). FZD9 is epigenetically silenced by promoter methylation in AML/MDS, where biallelic inactivation correlates with disease progression (PMID:18832655, PMID:27314612).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 9 steps
  1. 1997 High

    Identification of FZD9 as a functional Wnt-binding receptor within the Williams syndrome critical region resolved the question of whether a Frizzled-family member mapped to 7q11.23 and could bind Wnt ligands.

    Evidence CpG island cloning and Wingless protein binding assay in transfected human and Drosophila cells

    PMID:9147651

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific mammalian Wnt ligand(s) not identified
    • No downstream signaling characterized
    • In vivo loss-of-function not tested
  2. 2002 High

    Demonstration that FZD9 activates canonical β-catenin/TCF signaling specifically through Wnt-2, while recruiting DVL-1 and Axin to the membrane, established the pathway mechanism and ligand specificity.

    Evidence TCF-luciferase reporter, immunofluorescence co-localization, and deletion mutant analysis in 293T cells

    PMID:12138115

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of Wnt-2 selectivity unknown
    • Endogenous Wnt-2/FZD9 interaction not shown in a physiological tissue at this point
  3. 2005 High

    Discovery that FZD9 mediates Wnt-7a tumor-suppressor signaling through a non-canonical JNK pathway in NSCLC revealed a second, β-catenin-independent signaling arm and established FZD9 as a determinant of epithelial differentiation.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation of Wnt-7a/FZD9, soft agar assays, and rescue by FZD9 transfection in NSCLC lines

    PMID:15705594

    Open questions at the time
    • How the same receptor switches between canonical and non-canonical outputs unclear
    • Co-receptor (LRP5/6 vs. ROR/RYK) involvement not defined
  4. 2006 High

    Placement of ERK5→PPARγ downstream of Wnt-7a/FZD9 signaling, with Sprouty-4 as a transcriptional effector, delineated the non-canonical pathway from receptor to transcriptional output in NSCLC.

    Evidence ERK5 kinase assay, PPARγ reporter, pharmacological inhibition with SR-202, and anchorage-independent growth rescue

    PMID:16835228 PMID:20501643

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct ERK5 activation mechanism by FZD9 not defined
    • Applicability beyond NSCLC not tested
  5. 2008 Medium

    Epigenetic silencing of FZD9 by promoter methylation in MDS/AML—combined with chromosomal deletion of the other allele—provided evidence for FZD9 functioning as a tumor suppressor whose biallelic inactivation drives leukemic progression.

    Evidence Methylation microarray and SNP karyotyping in 184 MDS/AML patients; demethylation rescue in leukemic cell lines

    PMID:18832655 PMID:27314612

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of FZD9 re-expression in AML cells not tested
    • Downstream pathway mediating tumor suppression in hematopoietic cells uncharacterized
  6. 2009 Medium

    FZD9 knockdown in hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma cells reduced proliferation and cyclin D1 without inducing apoptosis, revealing a pro-proliferative role distinct from its tumor-suppressive function in lung cancer.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown, MTS proliferation assay, wound healing, Western blot for cyclin D1 and caspase-3

    PMID:19724923

    Open questions at the time
    • Upstream Wnt ligand not identified in liver tumors
    • Mechanism linking FZD9 to cyclin D1 not defined
  7. 2016 High

    Genetic narrowing in iPSC-derived neural progenitors from Williams syndrome patients identified FZD9 as the single gene responsible for impaired proliferation and increased apoptosis, establishing its role in human cortical neurogenesis.

    Evidence iPSC differentiation from WS and atypical WS patients, doubling time and apoptosis measurements

    PMID:27509850

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream signaling pathway in neural progenitors not characterized
    • Rescue by FZD9 re-expression not performed
  8. 2021 High

    Demonstration that FZD9 is a transcriptional target of Myc and is essential for sustained tumor expansion in a mouse insulinoma model revealed FZD9 as a critical node linking oncogenic Myc to Wnt-dependent β-cell dedifferentiation.

    Evidence Genetic Fzd9 knockout in Myc-driven insulinoma mouse model with pharmacological Wnt inhibition epistasis

    PMID:33653688

    Open questions at the time
    • Specific Wnt ligand driving FZD9 in insulinoma not identified
    • Relevance to human pancreatic endocrine tumors not confirmed
  9. 2022 Medium

    Identification of miR-520a-5p as a direct post-transcriptional repressor of FZD9 in lung cells linked cigarette smoke-induced FZD9 downregulation to a specific miRNA mechanism.

    Evidence 3ʹUTR luciferase reporter assay, miRNA mimic/inhibitor transfection, functional rescue with iloprost

    PMID:35149732

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo relevance of miR-520a-5p regulation not established
    • Other miRNAs targeting FZD9 not surveyed

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How FZD9 distinguishes between canonical (Wnt-2/β-catenin) and non-canonical (Wnt-7a/JNK/ERK5) outputs remains mechanistically undefined—specifically the roles of co-receptors, post-translational modifications, and tissue-specific adaptors that dictate pathway choice.
  • Co-receptor identity (LRP5/6, ROR, RYK) for each arm unresolved
  • Structural basis for ligand selectivity absent
  • Cell-type determinants of oncogenic vs. tumor-suppressive function unknown

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 3
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 3
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 4 R-HSA-1643685 Disease 4 R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 2
Partners
AXIN1CTNNB1DVL1MYCWNT2WNT7A

Evidence

Reading pass · 14 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1997 FZD9 (originally named FZD3) was identified as a novel seven-transmembrane domain Wnt receptor located in the Williams syndrome deletion region at 7q11.23. Human and Drosophila cells transfected with FZD9 expression constructs bind Drosophila Wingless protein, establishing FZD9 as a functional Wnt-binding receptor. The protein is 591 amino acids and is expressed predominantly in brain, testis, eye, skeletal muscle and kidney. CpG island cloning, dosage blotting, Wg protein binding assay in transfected cells Human molecular genetics High 9147651
1999 Mouse Fzd9, the homolog of human FZD9, is a membrane protein confirmed by immunohistochemistry of transfected cells. It is expressed in the neural tube, myotomes, limb skeletal anlagen, craniofacial regions, nephric ducts, heart, brain, testis, and skeletal muscle during development. The gene maps to the conserved syntenic region on distal mouse chromosome 5, consistent with its role as a Wnt receptor potentially involved in skeletal muscle specification. RNA in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry of transfected cells, genetic mapping Genomics Medium 10198163
2002 Rat Frizzled-9 (Rfz9/FZD9) functions in canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Overexpression of Rfz9 induces hyperphosphorylation and relocalization of Dishevelled-1 (Dvl-1) from cytoplasm to cell membrane, accumulation of cytosolic β-catenin, and TCF-dependent transcription. Among several Wnt members tested, only Wnt-2 activates Rfz9 in TCF-dependent transcription. Rfz9 also relocalizes Axin from cytoplasm to plasma membrane in the presence of Dvl-1. Deletion mutant analysis showed that C-terminal residues required for Dvl-1 modification differ from those required for β-catenin stabilization and TCF transactivation. Overexpression in 293T cells, TCF-luciferase reporter assay, Western blot, immunofluorescence, deletion mutant analysis The Journal of biological chemistry High 12138115
2005 FZD9 (Fzd-9) is the specific receptor mediating Wnt-7a tumor suppressor activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Wnt-7a and Fzd-9 co-expression reversed cellular transformation, decreased anchorage-independent growth, and induced epithelial differentiation. Wnt-7a was detected in Fzd-9 immunoprecipitates, confirming direct protein interaction. Wnt-7a/Fzd-9 signaling activates the JNK pathway and induces E-cadherin and Sprouty-4 expression but does not activate β-catenin/TCF. Transfection of Fzd-9 into a Wnt-7a-insensitive cell line conferred sensitivity, establishing Fzd-9 as necessary for Wnt-7a response. Co-immunoprecipitation, soft agar assay, 3D cell culture, stable transfection, Western blot, JNK gain-of-function The Journal of biological chemistry High 15705594
2006 The anti-tumorigenic effect of Wnt-7a/Fzd-9 in NSCLC is mediated through ERK5-dependent activation of PPARγ. Wnt-7a and Fzd-9 expression led to increased PPARγ transcriptional activity (without altering PPARγ protein levels) and activated ERK5. Inhibition of PPARγ with SR-202 blocked the increase in PPARγ activity and restored anchorage-independent growth. SR-202 also reversed Wnt-7a/Fzd-9-induced E-cadherin expression, placing ERK5 → PPARγ downstream of FZD9 in this pathway. PPARγ reporter assay, ERK5 kinase assay, pharmacological inhibition (SR-202), anchorage-independent growth assay, Western blot The Journal of biological chemistry High 16835228
2008 In human cumulus cells, WNT2 interacts with FZD9 as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation: WNT2 antibody precipitated both FZD3 and FZD9, and FZD9 antibody precipitated WNT2. FZD9 co-localizes with DVL and AXIN at the plasma membrane, and β-catenin is highly co-localized with FZD9 and AXIN, suggesting WNT2 acts through FZD9 to regulate the β-catenin pathway in cumulus cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence co-localization microscopy Molecular human reproduction Medium 19038973
2009 FZD9 (Fz9) siRNA knockdown in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatoblastoma (HB) cell lines significantly suppressed cell proliferation and cell motility, and decreased cyclin D1 expression, without inducing apoptosis (no cleaved caspase-3 detected). This establishes FZD9 as essential for carcinogenesis in liver tumor cells through a mechanism involving cyclin D1. siRNA knockdown, MTS proliferation assay, wound healing/motility assay, Western blot for cyclin D1 and caspase-3 International journal of oncology Medium 19724923
2010 Sprouty-4 (Spry4) is a downstream transcriptional target of Wnt7A/Fzd9 signaling through PPARγ. The Spry4 promoter activity is increased by Wnt7A/Fzd9 signaling through PPARγ, and Spry4 mediates anti-tumorigenic effects including inhibition of cell growth, migration, invasion, and reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in NSCLC. Promoter-reporter assay, stable transfection, Transwell migration/invasion assays, Western blot, shRNA knockdown Molecular cancer research Medium 20501643
2016 Using iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells from Williams syndrome (WS) patients and an individual with atypical WS, FZD9 was identified as the single gene candidate responsible for the increased doubling time and apoptosis phenotype observed in WS neural progenitor cells. This identifies FZD9 as a regulator of neural progenitor cell proliferation and survival during cortical development. iPSC differentiation, genetic narrowing using atypical WS patient with smaller deletion, cell doubling time measurement, apoptosis assay Nature High 27509850
2017 In osteosarcoma, knockdown of c-Fos inhibits the expression of Wnt2 and its receptor Fzd9 at both mRNA and protein levels. Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed a relationship between c-Fos and Wnt2/Fzd9. Knockdown of c-Fos inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells and promoted apoptosis, accompanied by reduced Wnt2/Fzd9 expression, placing FZD9 downstream of c-Fos transcriptional regulation in osteosarcoma. siRNA knockdown, Western blot, RT-PCR, Co-immunoprecipitation, transwell assay, wound healing, MTS assay, flow cytometry PloS one Medium 28665975
2021 FZD9 is an essential mediator of Myc-driven tumorigenesis in pancreatic islets. In a mouse model of Myc-driven insulinoma, loss of Fzd9 (a Myc transcriptional target) impaired sustained tumor expansion, prevented β-cell dedifferentiation, and maintained physiological islet structure. Wnt signaling inhibition in Fzd9-competent mice largely recapitulated the suppression of proliferation caused by Fzd9 deficiency, placing FZD9 downstream of Myc and upstream of Wnt signaling in insulinoma. Genetic knockout in mouse insulinoma model, histology, gene expression profiling, pharmacological Wnt inhibition, epistasis Life science alliance High 33653688
2022 miR-520a-5p directly binds the 3'UTR of FZD9 mRNA in lung cell lines and regulates FZD9 expression and the activity of its downstream targets (PPARγ pathway). Cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) increases miR-520a-5p expression (reducing FZD9), while iloprost (a lung cancer chemoprevention prostacyclin analogue) decreases miR-520a-5p expression. Cancer-promoting effects of a miR-520a-5p mimic were rescued by iloprost treatment, establishing miR-520a-5p as a post-transcriptional regulator of FZD9. 3'UTR luciferase reporter assay, miRNA mimic/inhibitor transfection, RT-qPCR, functional cell assays Scientific reports Medium 35149732
2008 Aberrant DNA methylation of the FZD9 locus on chromosome 7 was identified as a mechanism of tumor suppressor gene silencing in MDS progression to AML. In patients with chromosome 7 deletion at the FZD9 locus, aberrant methylation of the remaining allele was associated with the poorest clinical outcome, suggesting biallelic inactivation of FZD9 by deletion plus epigenetic silencing. DNA methylation microarray, SNP array karyotyping, correlation with clinical outcomes in 184 MDS/AML patients Blood Medium 18832655
2016 FZD9 promoter methylation leads to transcriptional silencing of FZD9 in leukemic cell lines. FZD9 expression was absent in leukemic cell lines but restored by the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Bisulfite sequencing confirmed partial methylation of the FZD9 promoter in non-expressing lines, whereas normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed no methylation. FZD9 promoter methylation was found in 52.9% of primary or relapse AML cases. 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment, bisulfite sequencing, methylation-specific PCR, RT-PCR expression analysis Molecular medicine reports Medium 27314612

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 74 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2005 Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. Nature 2090 16189514
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2014 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. Cell 977 25416956
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
1997 Purification and molecular cloning of a secreted, Frizzled-related antagonist of Wnt action. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 370 9192640
2008 Aberrant DNA methylation is a dominant mechanism in MDS progression to AML. Blood 317 18832655
2003 The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature 188 12853948
2003 Mutant Frizzled 4 associated with vitreoretinopathy traps wild-type Frizzled in the endoplasmic reticulum by oligomerization. Nature cell biology 144 14688793
2016 A human neurodevelopmental model for Williams syndrome. Nature 140 27509850
1997 A novel human homologue of the Drosophila frizzled wnt receptor gene binds wingless protein and is in the Williams syndrome deletion at 7q11.23. Human molecular genetics 140 9147651
2019 A tRNA fragment, 5'-tiRNAVal, suppresses the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting FZD3 in breast cancer. Cancer letters 139 31078732
2005 Restoration of Wnt-7a expression reverses non-small cell lung cancer cellular transformation through frizzled-9-mediated growth inhibition and promotion of cell differentiation. The Journal of biological chemistry 135 15705594
1998 A novel frizzled gene identified in human esophageal carcinoma mediates APC/beta-catenin signals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116 9707618
2018 Circular RNA circ-CBFB promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia through regulating miR-607/FZD3/Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 113 29902450
2006 Antitumorigenic effect of Wnt 7a and Fzd 9 in non-small cell lung cancer cells is mediated through ERK-5-dependent activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. The Journal of biological chemistry 99 16835228
2002 Frizzled-9 is activated by Wnt-2 and functions in Wnt/beta -catenin signaling. The Journal of biological chemistry 84 12138115
2010 Sprouty-4 inhibits transformed cell growth, migration and invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and is regulated by Wnt7A through PPARgamma in non-small cell lung cancer. Molecular cancer research : MCR 83 20501643
1999 Detection of an atypical 7q11.23 deletion in Williams syndrome patients which does not include the STX1A and FZD3 genes. Journal of medical genetics 76 10874638
2018 Silencing of Long Noncoding RNA SOX21-AS1 Relieves Neuronal Oxidative Stress Injury in Mice with Alzheimer's Disease by Upregulating FZD3/5 via the Wnt Signaling Pathway. Molecular neurobiology 74 30143969
1999 Characterization and expression pattern of the frizzled gene Fzd9, the mouse homolog of FZD9 which is deleted in Williams-Beuren syndrome. Genomics 73 10198163
2003 The human frizzled-3 (FZD3) gene on chromosome 8p21, a receptor gene for Wnt ligands, is associated with the susceptibility to schizophrenia. Neuroscience letters 69 14642436
2014 Genetic evidence that Celsr3 and Celsr2, together with Fzd3, regulate forebrain wiring in a Vangl-independent manner. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 67 25002511
2010 Expression profile of the embryonic markers nanog, OCT-4, SSEA-1, SSEA-4, and frizzled-9 receptor in human periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells. Journal of cellular physiology 65 20458727
2021 Circular RNA CircPVT1 Inhibits 5-Fluorouracil Chemosensitivity by Regulating Ferroptosis Through MiR-30a-5p/FZD3 Axis in Esophageal Cancer Cells. Frontiers in oncology 61 34966683
2010 Comprehensive copy number variant (CNV) analysis of neuronal pathways genes in psychiatric disorders identifies rare variants within patients. Journal of psychiatric research 59 20398908
2008 Identification of WNT/beta-CATENIN signaling pathway components in human cumulus cells. Molecular human reproduction 59 19038973
2017 Involvement of c-Fos in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in osteosarcoma cells accompanied by altered expression of Wnt2 and Fzd9. PloS one 55 28665975
2003 Association study of the human FZD3 locus with schizophrenia. Biological psychiatry 55 14643098
2019 Down-regulation of FZD3 receptor suppresses growth and metastasis of human melanoma independently of canonical WNT signaling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 44 30792348
2020 NEAT1 regulates microtubule stabilization via FZD3/GSK3β/P-tau pathway in SH-SY5Y cells and APP/PS1 mice. Aging 43 33221742
2004 Positive association of the human frizzled 3 (FZD3) gene haplotype with schizophrenia in Chinese Han population. American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics 43 15274031
2016 Feedback regulation of apical progenitor fate by immature neurons through Wnt7-Celsr3-Fzd3 signalling. Nature communications 37 26939553
2009 SiRNA of frizzled-9 suppresses proliferation and motility of hepatoma cells. International journal of oncology 36 19724923
2016 Celsr3 and Fzd3 Organize a Pioneer Neuron Scaffold to Steer Growing Thalamocortical Axons. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 33 27170656
2000 Identification, gene structure, and expression of human frizzled-3 (FZD3). Biochemical and biophysical research communications 32 10873558
2017 Deregulation of WNT2/FZD3/β-catenin pathway compromises the estrogen synthesis in cumulus cells from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 31 28709873
2004 Autosomal dominant familial exudative vitreoretinopathy in two Japanese families with FZD4 mutations (H69Y and C181R). Ophthalmic genetics 31 15370539
2015 Celsr3 and Fzd3 in axon guidance. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 30 25813877
2020 Non-coding variants in MYH11, FZD3, and SORCS3 are associated with dementia in women. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 26 32966694
2004 Genetic and expression analyses of FZD3 in schizophrenia. Biological psychiatry 26 15364045
2006 Investigation of genetic association between human Frizzled homolog 3 gene (FZD3) and schizophrenia: results in a Korean population and evidence from meta-analysis. Psychiatry research 22 16707163
2005 Association study of the frizzled-3 (FZD3) gene with schizophrenia and mood disorders. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) 19 15657645
2020 TMEM79/MATTRIN defines a pathway for Frizzled regulation and is required for Xenopus embryogenesis. eLife 17 32924931
2014 DNA methylation aberrations rather than polymorphisms of FZD3 gene increase the risk of spina bifida in a high-risk region for neural tube defects. Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology 14 25131656
2019 Topologically correct central projections of tetrapod inner ear afferents require Fzd3. Scientific reports 12 31311957
1991 Protein kinase C-mediated contraction in rabbit aorta is inhibited by CD-349, a dihydropyridine derivative. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology 12 1713994
2023 In silico analysis reveals mir-98-5p as a potential inhibitor of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in colorectal cancer by targeting the fzd3 receptor of the Wnt signaling pathway. Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology 11 37466730
2022 miR-520a-5p regulates Frizzled 9 expression and mediates effects of cigarette smoke and iloprost chemoprevention. Scientific reports 11 35149732
2014 Polymorphisms in FZD3 and FZD6 genes and risk of neural tube defects in a northern Han Chinese population. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology 11 24816679
2016 Methylation status of the promoter region of the human frizzled 9 gene in acute myeloid leukemia. Molecular medicine reports 10 27314612
1988 A new Ca-antagonist, CD-349, binding to the Ca-channel of rat myocardium and brain and hog coronary artery. Japanese journal of pharmacology 10 2854176
2016 Deregulation of the planar cell polarity genes CELSR3 and FZD3 in Hirschsprung disease. Experimental and molecular pathology 9 27619161
2024 LncRNA NEAT1 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells through miR-411-3p/FZD3-mediated Wnt signaling pathway. BMC cancer 8 39068410
2024 WNT5B promotes the malignant phenotype of non-small cell lung cancer via the FZD3-DVL3-RAC1-PCP-JNK pathway. Cellular signalling 8 39094673
2021 The Wnt signaling receptor Fzd9 is essential for Myc-driven tumorigenesis in pancreatic islets. Life science alliance 8 33653688
2016 A meta-analysis of FZD3 gene polymorphisms and their association with schizophrenia. Psychiatric genetics 7 27755292
2007 FZD3 is not a risk gene for schizophrenia: a case-control study in a Caucasian sample. Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum 7 17982906
2025 EndoMAP.v1 charts the structural landscape of human early endosome complexes. Nature 6 40437099
2023 Aberrant epigenetic regulation of FZD3 by TET2 is involved in ovarian cancer cell resistance to cisplatin. Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy) 6 37300277
2019 Over-expressed LOC101927196 suppressed oxidative stress levels and neuron cell proliferation in a rat model of autism through disrupting the Wnt signaling pathway by targeting FZD3. Cellular signalling 6 31145996
2024 FZD3 regulates the viability, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix degradation of vaginal wall fibroblasts in pelvic organ prolapse via the Wnt signaling pathway. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 5 38348712
2022 Fzd3 Expression Within Inner Ear Afferent Neurons Is Necessary for Central Pathfinding. Frontiers in neuroscience 5 35153658
2021 MicroRNA-186-5p inhibits the metastasis of cervical cancer by targeting FZD3. Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology 5 34268920
2014 Impaired methylation modifications of FZD3 alter chromatin accessibility and are involved in congenital hydrocephalus pathogenesis. Brain research 5 24796881
2009 Non-association between polymorphisms of the frizzled receptor genes and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Korean women. Journal of Korean medical science 5 19543507
2024 SOX21-AS1 Augmented Cervical Cancer Growth by Triggering FZD3 to Activate the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Biochemical genetics 4 38512584
2022 LncRNA FGD5-AS1 drives the malignant development of gastric cancer by negatively interacting with FZD3. Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists 4 35848483
2008 Upregulation of SOX-2, FZD9, Nestin, OCT-4 and FGF-4 expression in human chorion derived-stem cells after angiogenic induction. The Medical journal of Malaysia 4 19024982
1990 Interaction of the dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, CD-349, with calmodulin. Biochemical pharmacology 4 2167684
1977 Viral hepatitis (Chandigarh study). The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 3 914765
2024 CircTEC Inhibits the Follicular Atresia in Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) via Targeting miR-144-5p/FZD3 Signaling Axis. International journal of molecular sciences 2 39796015
2025 METTL3 inhibits osteoporosis by promoting osteoblast differentiation through m6A-mediated activation of the FZD3/RUNX1 signaling axis. European journal of medical research 1 41250128
2026 The Wnt receptor Frizzled3 (FZD3) drives aggressive phenotypes in small cell lung cancer. Respiratory research 0 41862898
1989 Uptake of CD-349 and nitrendipine into bovine intrapulmonary artery and vein. Journal of pharmacobio-dynamics 0 2795432