Affinage

CPM

Carboxypeptidase M · UniProt P14384

Round 2 corrected
Length
443 aa
Mass
50.5 kDa
Annotated
2026-04-28
63 papers in source corpus 14 papers cited in narrative 14 extracted findings

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

Carboxypeptidase M (CPM) is a GPI-anchored, zinc-dependent metallocarboxypeptidase that resides on the extracellular face of the plasma membrane and cleaves C-terminal basic residues (Arg > Lys) from peptide substrates including bradykinin, enkephalins, and SDF-1α, thereby modulating peptide hormone signaling and chemotactic gradients (PMID:2914904, PMID:18292211). Its crystal structure reveals a CPN/E-subfamily catalytic domain with an S1' pocket that preferentially accommodates arginine, explaining the Arg-over-Lys selectivity (PMID:15066430). CPM is strongly induced during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and serves as a surface marker of bipotential hepatic progenitor cells derived from human iPSCs (PMID:7797563, PMID:26365514). In colorectal cancer cells, CPM suppresses migration by acting upstream of the Src–FAK signaling pathway (PMID:28186967).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 9 steps
  1. 1989 High

    Biochemical purification and cDNA cloning established CPM as a novel membrane-bound zinc metallocarboxypeptidase distinct from all previously known carboxypeptidases, with full kinetic parameters for bradykinin and enkephalin substrates and a predicted GPI-anchor signal in its primary sequence.

    Evidence Affinity purification from human placental microvilli with in vitro kinetics; cDNA cloning and sequence analysis

    PMID:2753907 PMID:2914904

    Open questions at the time
    • GPI anchoring predicted from sequence but not yet experimentally verified
    • No structural basis for substrate specificity
    • In vivo physiological substrates and tissue distribution not yet established
  2. 1993 High

    Experimental confirmation that CPM is GPI-anchored and identification of lung as the tissue with highest expression resolved the membrane attachment mechanism and pointed to respiratory and inflammatory biology as key contexts.

    Evidence Phospholipase C release from lung membranes, immunohistochemistry localizing CPM to alveolar type I pneumocytes and macrophages, Northern blot

    PMID:8338689

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional role of CPM in alveolar biology not tested
    • No lipid-raft or microdomain localization data yet
  3. 1995 High

    Identification of CPM as the MAX.1/MAX.11 macrophage differentiation antigen established that CPM expression is strongly induced during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, linking the enzyme to innate immune cell maturation.

    Evidence Immunoaffinity purification, N-terminal sequencing, enzymatic activity depletion, monocyte differentiation in vitro and in HL-60/U937/THP-1 cell lines

    PMID:7797563

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which CPM is transcriptionally upregulated during differentiation unknown
    • Functional consequence of CPM activity on macrophage effector functions not tested
  4. 2003 Medium

    Proteomic and enzymatic approaches confirmed CPM resides in lipid-raft membrane domains via GPI anchoring, extending the biochemical verification across orthogonal methods and GPI structural variants.

    Evidence Lipid raft proteomics (MS) and phospholipase D release from plasma membrane fractions with LC-MS/MS

    PMID:14517339 PMID:16602701

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether raft localization influences substrate access or enzymatic activity not examined
    • Dynamics of GPI-anchor remodeling in vivo unknown
  5. 2004 High

    The crystal structure of CPM at 3.0 Å resolution explained the enzyme's Arg-over-Lys specificity by revealing a CPN/E-family catalytic domain with an S1' pocket shaped to accommodate arginine, providing the first structural framework for understanding substrate selectivity.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography at 3.0 Å with molecular modeling of Arg⁶-Met-enkephalin into the active site

    PMID:15066430

    Open questions at the time
    • No co-crystal with bound substrate or transition-state analog
    • Structural basis for GPI-anchor attachment region disordered and unresolved
  6. 2008 High

    CPM was shown to cleave SDF-1α and attenuate hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell chemotaxis, establishing a physiological substrate beyond bradykinin/enkephalins and implicating CPM in G-CSF-induced stem cell mobilization; separately, ACE was found to physically interact with and release GPI-anchored CPM from the membrane.

    Evidence Recombinant CPM cleavage of SDF-1α confirmed by HPLC/MS, chemotaxis assay with inhibitor rescue; Co-IP of ACE and CPM in transfected CHO/MDCK cells

    PMID:18292211 PMID:18844448

    Open questions at the time
    • In vivo validation of CPM-SDF-1α axis in stem cell mobilization not performed
    • ACE–CPM interaction demonstrated in overexpression system; endogenous reciprocal validation lacking
    • Mechanism of ACE-mediated GPI-ase activity not defined
  7. 2015 High

    CPM surface expression was shown to mark bipotential liver progenitor cells (hepatoblasts) during human iPSC-to-hepatocyte differentiation, enabling prospective isolation of cells capable of both hepatocyte and cholangiocyte maturation.

    Evidence FACS sorting of CPM⁺ cells from differentiated hiPSCs, colony formation, hepatic maturation, and 3D cholangiocytic differentiation

    PMID:26365514

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether CPM enzymatic activity is functionally required for hepatic progenitor specification is unknown
    • Transcriptional regulation of CPM induction during hepatic specification not dissected
  8. 2017 Medium

    In colorectal cancer cells, CPM was identified as a direct miR-146a-5p target that suppresses migration by acting upstream of Src–FAK signaling, extending CPM's biological roles beyond peptide metabolism to tumor cell motility.

    Evidence Luciferase reporter target validation, siRNA knockdown and overexpression migration/invasion assays, Western blot for Src/FAK, rescue experiments in CRC cell lines

    PMID:28186967

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether the anti-migratory effect requires CPM catalytic activity or a non-enzymatic mechanism is untested
    • The specific CPM substrate(s) relevant to Src–FAK regulation are unidentified
    • Single-lab finding without in vivo tumor model validation
  9. 2019 Medium

    A promoter SNP (rs12812500) was functionally linked to increased CPM transcription and silicosis susceptibility, connecting CPM expression levels in lung to occupational lung disease risk.

    Evidence Case-control genetic association study with functional luciferase reporter assay for allele-specific promoter activity

    PMID:30674606

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which elevated CPM expression promotes silicosis pathology not defined
    • Replication in independent cohorts not reported
    • No loss-of-function or animal model validation

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • Key open questions include whether CPM catalytic activity is required for its roles in macrophage function and tumor suppression, what the full in vivo substrate repertoire is, and how CPM expression is transcriptionally regulated during differentiation and disease.
  • No catalytically dead knock-in study to separate enzymatic from non-enzymatic roles
  • No in vivo knockout phenotype reported
  • No substrate co-crystal structure available

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0016787 hydrolase activity 3 GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 3
Localization
GO:0005886 plasma membrane 5
Pathway
R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 3 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 2
Partners
ACEFAKSDF1SRC

Evidence

Reading pass · 14 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1989 Human carboxypeptidase M (CPM) was purified to homogeneity from placental microvilli and characterized as a membrane-bound zinc-dependent metallocarboxypeptidase. It cleaves C-terminal arginine or lysine from peptides including bradykinin (Km=16 µM, kcat=147 min⁻¹), Met⁵-Arg⁶-enkephalin (Km=46 µM, kcat=934 min⁻¹), dynorphin A(1-13), and enkephalin variants. The enzyme is activated by CoCl₂ and inhibited by o-phenanthroline and MMGPA, consistent with metallopeptidase identity; it is a glycoprotein with apparent Mr of 62,000 and is structurally, catalytically, and immunologically distinct from carboxypeptidases A, B, N, and H. Affinity purification, in vitro enzyme kinetics, inhibitor profiling, SDS-PAGE, concanavalin A binding, chemical deglycosylation The Journal of biological chemistry High 2914904
1989 Molecular cloning of the human CPM cDNA revealed an open reading frame encoding 439 residues with an N-terminal signal peptide and a C-terminal hydrophobic region predicted to serve as a GPI-anchor signal. The sequence contains six potential N-linked glycosylation sites and conserved zinc-binding residues (two histidines and a glutamate) shared with other metallocarboxypeptidases. CPM shares 41% sequence identity with carboxypeptidase N and carboxypeptidase H (CPE), but only 15% with pancreatic CPA/B, placing it in the 'regulatory' carboxypeptidase subfamily. cDNA cloning and sequencing, hydropathic analysis, sequence alignment, N-terminal amino acid sequencing The Journal of biological chemistry High 2753907
1993 CPM is present at high concentrations in lung tissue (substantially higher than heart, liver, or kidney) and is localized by immunohistochemistry to alveolar type I pneumocytes and macrophages, but not type II alveolar epithelial cells. The enzyme is anchored to lung membranes via a phosphatidylinositol glycan (GPI) anchor, as demonstrated by release with bacterial phospholipase C. High CPM mRNA was confirmed by Northern blot in lung and placenta. Enzyme activity assay, immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, phospholipase C treatment (GPI-anchor release), Northern blot American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology High 8338689
1995 CPM was identified as the antigen recognized by monoclonal antibodies MAX.1 and MAX.11, which are almost undetectable on monocytes but highly expressed on differentiated macrophages. CPM expression and enzymatic activity markedly increase during in vitro monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. Vitamin D3-induced monocytic differentiation of HL-60, U937, and THP-1 cell lines also upregulated CPM expression. Immunoaffinity purification with MAX.11 nearly completely depleted macrophage membrane preparations of CPM enzymatic activity, confirming identity. Immunoaffinity purification, N-terminal protein sequencing, enzymatic activity assay, mRNA quantification, antibody-mediated depletion, cell differentiation models The Journal of biological chemistry High 7797563
2000 CPM expression is strongly induced during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation in vitro and is expressed on macrophages in vivo during T-lymphocyte activation (e.g., allograft rejection, allergic alveolitis), suggesting CPM activity correlates with macrophage cytotoxic functions. Cloning of the murine CPM homologue revealed that mCPM is undetectable in murine primary macrophages and macrophage cell lines, indicating that CPM expression in macrophages is not conserved between human and mouse. mRNA expression analysis, immunohistochemistry of tissue sections, cDNA cloning (murine homologue), reverse transcription-PCR Advances in experimental medicine and biology Medium 10849748
2001 CPM mRNA and protein levels are significantly reduced in atrial tissue from patients with chronic persistent atrial fibrillation (CAF) compared to controls (CPM mRNA ~41 vs. ~86 arbitrary units; protein reduced to 47.5% of controls), suggesting that CPM-mediated bradykinin metabolism is altered during atrial fibrillation and may contribute to structural remodeling. Quantitative RT-PCR, protein expression analysis (Western/immunoblot), enzyme activity assay in human atrial tissue Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology Medium 11444929
2004 The 3.0 Å crystal structure of human GPI-free CPM was determined, revealing: (1) a 295-residue N-terminal catalytic domain similar to duck CPD-2; (2) an 86-residue β-sandwich C-terminal domain characteristic of the CPN/E family, more conically shaped than CPD-2; (3) a unique, partially disordered 25-residue C-terminal extension bearing the GPI-anchor attachment site. Modeling of Arg⁶-Met-enkephalin into the active site showed the S1' pocket is specifically shaped to accommodate P1'-Arg residues, explaining CPM's preference for cleaving C-terminal Arg over Lys. X-ray crystallography (3.0 Å), molecular modeling of substrate into active site Journal of molecular biology High 15066430
2008 CPM is expressed by human bone marrow CD34⁺ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic progenitors, mononuclear cells (MNC), polymorphonuclear cells (PMN), and stromal cells including mesenchymal stem cells. Recombinant CPM cleaves the C-terminal lysine of SDF-1α (1-68), yielding des-Lys SDF-1α (1-67). This CPM-mediated truncation reduces in vitro HSPC chemotaxis, an effect blocked by the carboxypeptidase inhibitor MMGPA. G-CSF significantly upregulates CPM expression in MNC and PMN, suggesting CPM participates in G-CSF-induced HSPC mobilization by attenuating the SDF-1α chemoattractant gradient. RT-PCR, Western blot, recombinant enzyme cleavage assay, HPLC/MS peptide analysis, in vitro chemotaxis assay, inhibitor rescue experiment, G-CSF stimulation of primary cells Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) High 18292211
2008 Somatic murine ACE (mACE) stably transfected in CHO or MDCK cells interacts with endogenous, co-localized GPI-anchored CPM, as demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation and molecular/biochemical techniques. This interaction is independent of ACE's known dipeptidase activities. ACE proximity evokes release of CPM from the membrane, suggesting ACE has GPI-targeted properties and can act as a GPI-ase that releases GPI-anchored proteins such as CPM. Co-immunoprecipitation, stable transfection in CHO and MDCK cells, enzyme activity assays, cellular imaging Biological chemistry Medium 18844448
2015 CPM is highly expressed in embryonic liver progenitor cells (hepatoblasts) and is transiently induced during hepatic specification from human iPSCs. CPM⁺ cells isolated from differentiated hiPSCs at the immature hepatocyte stage proliferated extensively and expressed hepatoblast marker genes. These CPM⁺ cells differentiated into mature hepatocytes upon maturation induction and underwent cholangiocytic differentiation in 3D culture, demonstrating bi-potential progenitor capacity. Thus, CPM surface expression identifies and allows isolation of hiPSC-derived bi-potential liver progenitor cells. Flow cytometry cell sorting, colony formation/proliferation assays, gene expression profiling, hepatic maturation induction, 3D cholangiocytic differentiation culture, immunostaining Stem cell reports High 26365514
2017 CPM was identified as a direct target of miR-146a-5p in colorectal cancer cells. CPM expression inhibits migration and invasion of CRC cells. Both miR-146a-5p overexpression and CPM knockdown regulated Src and FAK phosphorylation/expression, placing CPM upstream of the Src-FAK signaling pathway. Restoration of CPM blocked miR-146a-5p-induced migration, establishing a functional miR-146a-5p/CPM/Src-FAK axis in CRC cell motility. Luciferase reporter assay (direct target validation), siRNA/overexpression cell migration and invasion assays, Western blot for Src/FAK pathway components, rescue experiments Oncotarget Medium 28186967
2019 A functional SNP in the CPM gene promoter region (rs12812500 G allele) is significantly associated with increased silicosis susceptibility. Luciferase reporter gene assays demonstrated that the mutant G allele drives significantly higher CPM promoter activity than the wild-type C allele, indicating the variant increases CPM transcription and may contribute to silicosis susceptibility through elevated CPM expression in lung tissue. Case-control association study, luciferase reporter gene assay with promoter variants, mRNA expression in peripheral blood leukocytes Occupational and environmental medicine Medium 30674606
2003 CPM was identified as a GPI-anchored protein in a human lipid raft-enriched membrane fraction by a mass spectrometry-based proteomics strategy, confirming its GPI-anchored membrane localization in intact cells. Biochemical enrichment of lipid raft fractions, mass spectrometry proteomics, computational GPI-anchor sequence analysis Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP Medium 14517339
2006 CPM was identified among 11 human GPI-anchored proteins released from plasma membrane fractions by phospholipase D (PLD) treatment, further confirming its GPI-anchor membrane attachment. Unlike phospholipase C, PLD is not affected by GPI structural heterogeneity, validating CPM's GPI-AP status across different structural GPI variants. Phospholipase D treatment of human plasma membrane fractions, capillary LC-MS/MS proteomics Journal of proteome research Medium 16602701

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 63 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2002 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1479 12477932
2017 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein communities and disease networks. Nature 1085 28514442
2015 A human interactome in three quantitative dimensions organized by stoichiometries and abundances. Cell 1015 26496610
2021 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the human interactome. Cell 705 33961781
2011 Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium. Briefings in bioinformatics 656 21873635
2004 The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome research 438 15489334
2010 Systematic analysis of human protein complexes identifies chromosome segregation proteins. Science (New York, N.Y.) 421 20360068
2005 Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. Genome research 409 16344560
1996 Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. Genome research 401 8889548
2010 Genome-wide association-, replication-, and neuroimaging study implicates HOMER1 in the etiology of major depression. Biological psychiatry 150 20673876
2003 Proteomic analysis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 146 14517339
2009 Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of HuR by heat shock. The EMBO journal 142 19322201
2013 In-depth proteomic analyses of exosomes isolated from expressed prostatic secretions in urine. Proteomics 138 23533145
2001 Diverse transcriptional initiation revealed by fine, large-scale mapping of mRNA start sites. EMBO reports 131 11375929
2013 Proteomic analysis of podocyte exosome-enriched fraction from normal human urine. Journal of proteomics 126 23376485
1989 Human carboxypeptidase M. Purification and characterization of a membrane-bound carboxypeptidase that cleaves peptide hormones. The Journal of biological chemistry 120 2914904
2021 Paralog knockout profiling identifies DUSP4 and DUSP6 as a digenic dependence in MAPK pathway-driven cancers. Nature genetics 116 34857952
2007 Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 114 18029348
2018 Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 Screen Identifies Leukemia-Specific Dependence on a Pre-mRNA Metabolic Pathway Regulated by DCPS. Cancer cell 101 29478914
2009 Quantitative proteomics identifies a Dab2/integrin module regulating cell migration. The Journal of cell biology 101 19581412
1989 Molecular cloning and sequencing of the cDNA for human membrane-bound carboxypeptidase M. Comparison with carboxypeptidases A, B, H, and N. The Journal of biological chemistry 92 2753907
2006 Modification-specific proteomics of plasma membrane proteins: identification and characterization of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins released upon phospholipase D treatment. Journal of proteome research 90 16602701
2019 The midbody interactome reveals unexpected roles for PP1 phosphatases in cytokinesis. Nature communications 74 31586073
1993 High concentration of carboxypeptidase M in lungs: presence of the enzyme in alveolar type I cells. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 67 8338689
2022 Circular CPM promotes chemoresistance of gastric cancer via activating PRKAA2-mediated autophagy. Clinical and translational medicine 66 35075806
2011 An FCS study of unfolding and refolding of CPM-labeled human serum albumin: role of ionic liquid. The journal of physical chemistry. B 63 21950461
1995 Carboxypeptidase M is identical to the MAX.1 antigen and its expression is associated with monocyte to macrophage differentiation. The Journal of biological chemistry 60 7797563
2017 MicroRNA-146a promote cell migration and invasion in human colorectal cancer via carboxypeptidase M/src-FAK pathway. Oncotarget 52 28186967
2009 Carboxypeptidase M: a biomarker for the discrimination of well-differentiated liposarcoma from lipoma. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 52 19820690
2008 Carboxypeptidase M expressed by human bone marrow cells cleaves the C-terminal lysine of stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha: another player in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell mobilization? Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 52 18292211
2015 CPM Is a Useful Cell Surface Marker to Isolate Expandable Bi-Potential Liver Progenitor Cells Derived from Human iPS Cells. Stem cell reports 51 26365514
2004 Crystal structure of human carboxypeptidase M, a membrane-bound enzyme that regulates peptide hormone activity. Journal of molecular biology 50 15066430
2001 Expression and activity of ectopeptidases in fibrillating human atria. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 42 11444929
2010 Treatment of facial atrophic scars with Esthélis, a hyaluronic acid filler with polydense cohesive matrix (CPM). Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD 25 21120258
2002 CGH in the detection of confined placental mosaicism (CPM) in placentas of abnormal pregnancies. Prenatal diagnosis 21 12224065
2000 The membrane-bound ectopeptidase CPM as a marker of macrophage maturation in vitro and in vivo. Advances in experimental medicine and biology 20 10849748
1999 Trisomy 15 CPM: probable origins, pregnancy outcome and risk of fetal UPD: European Collaborative Research on Mosaicism in CVS (EUCROMIC). Prenatal diagnosis 20 10073903
2018 COMPARE CPM-RMI Trial: Intramyocardial Transplantation of Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived CD133+ Cells and MNCs during CABG in Patients with Recent MI: A Phase II/III, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Cell journal 19 29633605
1986 Assembly of overlapping DNA sequences by a program written in BASIC for 64K CP/M and MS-DOS IBM-compatible microcomputers. Nucleic acids research 15 3753786
2019 Functional variant of the carboxypeptidase M (CPM) gene may affect silica-related pneumoconiosis susceptibility by its expression: a multistage case-control study. Occupational and environmental medicine 14 30674606
2007 Current perspectives in the management of hyponatremia: prevention of CPM. Expert review of neurotherapeutics 13 18052771
2020 Differences in physician opinions about controversial issues surrounding contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM): A survey of physicians from accredited breast centers in the United States. Cancer medicine 12 32159280
2019 Two is better than one: difunctional high-affinity PSMA probes based on a [CpM(CO)3] (M = Re/99mTc) scaffold. Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) 12 31549121
2015 Cysteine residue is not essential for CPM protein thermal-stability assay. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 11 25772562
2002 Relative efficiencies of CpM(CO)(n)CH(3) and CpM(CO)(n)Ph (M = Cr, Mo, W, and Fe) complexes in photoinduced DNA cleavage. The Journal of organic chemistry 11 12098319
2022 The Barley Chloroplast Mutator (cpm) Mutant: All Roads Lead to the Msh1 Gene. International journal of molecular sciences 9 35163736
1993 Pharmacological study of 14 beta-(thioglycolamido)-7,8-dihydro-N(cyclopropylmethyl)-normor phinone (N-CPM-TAMO). The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 8 7680715
2019 Toxicologic and Inhibitory Receptor Actions of the Etomidate Analog ABP-700 and Its Metabolite CPM-Acid. Anesthesiology 7 31166238
2016 Nanodisc-Tm: Rapid functional assessment of nanodisc reconstituted membrane proteins by CPM assay. MethodsX 7 27054097
2013 Common Prairie feeds with different soluble and insoluble fractions used for CPM diet formulation in dairy cattle: impact of carbohydrate-protein matrix structure on protein and other primary nutrient digestion. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy 6 24216152
2008 Interaction of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with membrane-bound carboxypeptidase M (CPM) - a new function of ACE. Biological chemistry 6 18844448
2021 Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) Effects Captured in Facial Expressions. Journal of pain research 5 33790641
2020 In ovo technique for cell injection in the CPM followed by bead implantation in the BA2 of chicken embryos. MethodsX 5 32021827
2018 COMPARE CPM-RMI Trial: Intramyocardial Transplantation of Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived CD133+ Cells and MNCs during CABG in Patients with Recent MI: A Phase II/III, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Cell journal 5 29845801
2009 CPm gene diversity in field isolates of Citrus tristeza virus from Colombia. Archives of virology 5 19882104
2021 Plasticity of the lettuce infectious yellows virus minor coat protein (CPm) in mediating the foregut retention and transmission of a chimeric CPm mutant by whitefly vectors. The Journal of general virology 4 34494949
2020 Identification of genetic effects and potential causal polymorphisms of CPM gene impacting milk fatty acid traits in Chinese Holstein. Animal genetics 4 32301146
2005 Purification and characterization of a serine protease (CPM-2) with fibrinolytic activity from the dung beetles. Archives of pharmacal research 4 16114497
1976 Combination of ametopterine (MTX) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) based on the principle of partial synchronization of cell proliferation in lung cancer. Phase II study. Archiv fur Geschwulstforschung 4 999456
2023 Tomato chlorosis virus CPm protein is a pathogenicity determinant and suppresses host local RNA silencing induced by single-stranded RNA. Frontiers in microbiology 3 37056753
2025 A fluorescent CPM-based in vitro acetylation assay: A tool for assessing N-terminal acetyltransferase activity and profiling compound activity. Methods in enzymology 1 40887166
2025 Four Large Indels in Barley Chloroplast Mutator (cpm) Seedlings Reinforce the Hypothesis of a Malfunction in the MMR System. International journal of molecular sciences 0 40943564
2003 Effects of structural modifications of N-CPM-normorphine derivatives on agonist and antagonist activities in isolated organs. Acta biologica Hungarica 0 14535623