| 1996 |
COX17 encodes a cysteine-rich cytoplasmic protein required for cytochrome c oxidase assembly in yeast; cox17 null mutants are rescued by copper supplementation, indicating Cox17p functions specifically in copper delivery to mitochondria for cytochrome oxidase, not in general copper metabolism. |
Genetic complementation, null mutant rescue with copper supplementation, subcellular fractionation |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
8662933
|
| 1997 |
A human COX17 cDNA was isolated that functionally complements the yeast cox17 null mutant, establishing that the human homolog encodes a conserved copper recruitment factor for cytochrome oxidase. |
Heterologous complementation of yeast cox17 mutant with human cDNA expression library |
Human genetics |
High |
9050918
|
| 1998 |
Cox17 binds Cu(I) ions as a binuclear cuprous-thiolate cluster with trigonal coordination by thiolate ligands (Cu-S bonds at 2.26 Å, Cu-Cu distance 2.7 Å); the cluster is more labile than metallothionein clusters, consistent with a copper chaperone role. |
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS), UV-visible absorption and emission spectroscopy |
Biochemistry |
High |
9585572
|
| 2000 |
Mutational analysis of yeast Cox17 identified three cysteines within a Cys-Cys-X-Cys motif (Cys23, Cys24, Cys26) as critical for function; single Cys→Ser substitution at any of these abolishes cytochrome oxidase activity. The C57Y mutation prevents mitochondrial accumulation of Cox17 but retains Cu(I) binding. |
Site-directed mutagenesis, growth assays on non-fermentable carbon, cytochrome oxidase activity in isolated mitochondria, Cu(I) binding assays |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
10970896
|
| 2001 |
Purified untagged Cox17 binds three Cu(I) ions per monomer in a polycopper cluster with predominantly trigonal coordination; the complex exists in a dimer/tetramer equilibrium (Kd ~20 µM). Cys→Ser substitutions at Cys23, Cys24, or Cys26 abolish tetramerization without abolishing Cu(I) binding, suggesting oligomeric state is important for function. Mitochondrial Cox17 is predominantly tetrameric; cytosolic Cox17 is primarily dimeric. |
X-ray absorption spectroscopy, analytical ultracentrifugation, site-directed mutagenesis, subcellular fractionation |
Biochemistry |
High |
11170391
|
| 2003 |
Cox17 tethered to the mitochondrial inner membrane via fusion to the Sco2 transmembrane domain fully rescues respiratory growth and cytochrome oxidase activity in cox17Δ yeast, demonstrating that Cox17 function is confined to the mitochondrial intermembrane space. The C-terminal amphipathic helix of Cox17 is required for mitochondrial uptake and retention, independently of the N-terminal copper-binding motif. |
Fusion protein complementation, respiratory growth assays, cytochrome oxidase activity, subcellular localization by fractionation |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
14615477
|
| 2004 |
Cox17 directly transfers Cu(I) to both Sco1 and Cox11 in vitro; transfer is specific (no transfer to BSA or carbonic anhydrase). The C57Y mutant of Cox17 transfers copper to Cox11 but not to Sco1. Soluble domains of Sco1 and Cox11 expressed in the yeast cytoplasm are metallated only when Cox17 is co-expressed. |
In vitro copper transfer assays with purified proteins, yeast cytoplasm expression system, metal analysis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
15199057
|
| 2004 |
NMR solution structure of yeast Cox17 reveals two α-helices with an unstructured N-terminal region; Cu(I) is modeled as two-coordinate, ligated by Cys23 and Cys26. ITC shows fully reduced Cox17 binds one Cu(I) with Ka ~6×10^6 M−1. |
NMR structure determination, isothermal titration calorimetry |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
15465825
|
| 2004 |
Porcine Cox17 binds cooperatively four Cu(I) ions as a Cu4S6-type cluster; ESI-MS shows three oxidative states with distinct metal-binding: Cox17(0S-S) binds four Cu(I), Cox17(2S-S) binds one Cu(I) or Zn(2+), and Cox17(3S-S) binds no metals. Apparent copper dissociation constant KCu ~13 fM. |
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), fluorescence spectroscopy |
The Biochemical journal |
High |
15142040
|
| 2004 |
Cox23p, a homolog of Cox17p, is required for cytochrome oxidase expression and is found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space; rescue of cox23 null mutant by copper requires overexpression of Cox17p. Cox23p and Cox17p are not part of a complex, suggesting they act in a common pathway with Cox17p downstream of Cox23p. |
Genetic epistasis, null mutant analysis, copper rescue, subcellular fractionation, co-immunoprecipitation |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
15145942
|
| 2005 |
NMR solution structure of oxidized apoCox17 reveals a coiled-coil fold stabilized by two disulfide bonds (Cys26/Cys57 and Cys36/Cys47). Isomerization of the Cys26/Cys57 disulfide to Cys24/Cys57 is required prior to Cu(I) binding. A fully reduced form is a molten globule that can bind up to four Cu(I) ions in a polycopper cluster and is oligomeric. |
NMR structure determination, disulfide bond mapping, copper-binding assays |
Structure |
High |
15893662
|
| 2006 |
The P174L mutation in human Sco1 severely compromises Cox17-dependent copper transfer both in vitro and in a yeast cytoplasmic assay, but the mutant protein retains normal Cu(I) and Cu(II) binding. This indicates the P174L mutation attenuates a transient Cox17–Sco1 interaction required for copper transfer, not metal binding per se. |
In vitro copper transfer assays, yeast cytoplasmic metallation assay, pulse-chase labeling of mitochondrial translation products |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
16520371
|
| 2007 |
NMR solution structure of human Cox17(2S-S) shows a coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain stabilized by disulfide bonds involving Cys25-Cys54 and Cys35-Cys44, with an unstructured N-terminal tail. Cu(I) is coordinated by Cys22 and Cys23 (a Cys-Cys motif unique among copper proteins). Cox17(2S-S) is the functional IMS species that binds one Cu(I). Redox properties support import of fully reduced Cox17 into IMS where Mia40 oxidizes it to Cox17(2S-S), trapping it. |
NMR structure determination, redox potential measurements, backbone dynamics analysis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
18093982
|
| 2007 |
Mammalian Cox17 exists in three oxidative states with distinct metal-binding: Cox17(0S-S) binds four Cu(I) cooperatively, Cox17(2S-S) binds one Cu(I) or Zn(2+), Cox17(3S-S) binds no metals. Midpoint redox potentials determined (Em1 = −197 mV for 3S-S↔2S-S; Em2 = −340 mV for 2S-S↔0S-S). XAS confirms Cu4Cox17 contains a Cu4S6-type cluster. IMS conditions shift equilibrium toward Cox17(2S-S). |
ESI-MS, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, redox potential measurements |
The Biochemical journal |
High |
17672825
|
| 2008 |
Cu(I)-loaded human Cox17(2S-S) transfers Cu(I) and two electrons simultaneously to oxidized human Sco1 (HSco1 with disulfide at metal-binding cysteines), yielding Cu(I)HSco1 and fully oxidized apoHCox17(3S-S). This redox-coupled metallation is thermodynamically driven by copper transfer. The same reaction does not occur with HSco2 due to lack of a specific metal-bridged protein-protein complex. |
In vitro copper transfer and redox assays with purified human proteins, NMR, thermodynamic analysis |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
18458339
|
| 2009 |
COX17 siRNA knockdown in HeLa cells reduces cytochrome c oxidase activity and assembly; early response includes disappearance of COX-containing supercomplexes; a ~150 kDa complex accumulates containing Cox1 but not Cox2, suggesting Cox17 is specifically required for copper delivery to Cox2 (CuA site). |
siRNA knockdown, blue native gel electrophoresis, cytochrome oxidase activity assay |
Journal of molecular biology |
Medium |
19393246
|
| 2011 |
Structural analysis of human Cox17 mutants with only one interhelical disulfide shows that the inner disulfide (Cys36-Cys45) stabilizes interhelical hydrophobic interactions and recapitulates mature Cox17 structural dynamics, while the outer disulfide (Cys26-Cys55) is required to structurally organize the copper-binding site region. |
NMR structure determination of Cox17 mutants, backbone mobility analysis |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
21816817
|
| 2015 |
Cox17 directly interacts with Mic60 of the MICOS complex, modulating MICOS integrity and mitochondrial inner membrane architecture. This interaction is regulated by copper ions and does not involve Sco1. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, genetic interaction analysis, copper modulation experiments |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
25918166
|
| 2023 |
MOF (a MYST family lysine acetyltransferase) acetylates COX17 via the MOF-KANSL complex; loss of this acetylation (non-acetylatable COX17 mutant) phenocopies MOF depletion (mitochondrial fragmentation, reduced cristae density, impaired complex IV integrity), while acetylation-mimetic COX17 rescues complex IV activity even without MOF. |
Mass spectrometry identification of acetylation site, acetyltransferase assay, non-acetylatable and acetylation-mimetic mutants, mitochondrial morphology imaging, complex IV activity assays |
Nature metabolism |
High |
37813994
|
| 2016 |
Cisplatin binds to Cys26 or Cys27 of human Cox17(2S-S) (the Cu(I)-binding site) as identified by top-down FT-ICR-MS/MS, providing direct evidence for competitive coordination between cisplatin and cuprous ions at the COX17 active site. |
High-resolution FT-ICR tandem mass spectrometry with electron capture dissociation |
Rapid communications in mass spectrometry |
Medium |
27539433
|