Affinage

CNN2

Calponin-2 · UniProt Q99439

Length
309 aa
Mass
33.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-09
59 papers in source corpus 21 papers cited in narrative 21 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 7/7 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

CNN2 (calponin 2/h2-calponin) is an actin filament-associated cytoskeletal protein that organizes stress fibers and actomyosin contractility to control cell migration, adhesion, traction force, and tissue mechanics (PMID:41297546, PMID:27733037). Mechanistically, CNN2 regulates the distribution of α-actinin along actomyosin bundles to maintain stress fiber thickness and integrity, with its loss producing thinner, more fragile fibers and impaired migration (PMID:41297546); it cooperates with myosin II to set cell traction force (PMID:27733037) and colocalizes with actin stress fibers, tropomyosin, and myosin II (PMID:38336796). Through this cytoskeletal control CNN2 functions as a downstream effector across multiple migratory and morphogenetic programs: it is required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development via MAPK signaling (PMID:16317011), acts downstream of noncanonical Wnt/PCP–RhoA in neural crest cell migration (PMID:23499442), and is a functional SRF target gene that shapes hair cell stereocilia and cuticular plate actin organization (PMID:37982489). In myeloid cells CNN2 restrains macrophage migration, traction, and phagocytosis, and its deletion attenuates atherosclerosis and inflammatory arthritis (PMID:18617524, PMID:27575021, PMID:27488671). CNN2 abundance is tightly controlled by ubiquitin-proteasome turnover: it is a substrate of the CRL3-gigaxonin E3 ligase that governs actin cytoskeleton dynamics (PMID:37903270), and upon lysosomal membrane permeabilization it is recruited with the Arp2/3 complex to damaged lysosomes, ubiquitylated, and extracted by the VCP/p97–HSPB1 machinery to enable lysophagy (PMID:35793674). In the kidney CNN2 interacts with ESR2 to negatively regulate PPARα-driven fatty acid oxidation and SIRT5-dependent ketogenesis during fibrosis and acute injury (PMID:36963615, PMID:37751293). A de novo missense variant (p.N7S) impairs intestinal smooth muscle contractility and causes pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction, establishing CNN2 as essential for smooth muscle function (PMID:41796654).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 11 steps
  1. 2005 High

    Established CNN2 as a positive regulator of directed cell migration in a developmental context, linking it to a defined signaling output.

    Evidence Morpholino knockdown in zebrafish plus antisense knockdown/overexpression in HUVECs with MAPK inhibitor epistasis

    PMID:16317011

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve how CNN2 connects to MAPK biochemically
    • No direct cytoskeletal mechanism defined at this stage
  2. 2008 High

    Showed CNN2 restrains macrophage motility and phagocytosis through cytoskeletal stabilization, revealing a cell-type-specific dampening role.

    Evidence Cnn2 knockout mice with macrophage migration, spreading, phagocytosis, and actin/tropomyosin analyses

    PMID:18617524

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis for tropomyosin loss in null cells not defined
    • Did not connect to upstream signaling
  3. 2013 High

    Placed CNN2 as a downstream effector of Wnt/PCP-RhoA in neural crest migration and as an SRF/AR-regulated gene in prostate cancer, defining transcriptional and signaling inputs.

    Evidence Morpholino epistasis with dominant-negative Wnt11/RhoA in Xenopus and chick; SRF/AR siRNA and ChIP in prostate cancer cells

    PMID:23499442 PMID:23576568

    Open questions at the time
    • How RhoA signaling controls CNN2 localization to protrusions unknown
    • Prostate cancer migration phenotype mechanistically tied only to β1-integrin correlation (Medium confidence)
  4. 2016 High

    Quantified CNN2's mechanical role, showing it cooperates with myosin II to set traction force, and extended its myeloid functions to atherosclerosis and arthritis.

    Evidence Cell traction force microscopy with blebbistatin epistasis in Cnn2-null fibroblasts; systemic/myeloid Cnn2 KO crossed to ApoE KO with disease models

    PMID:27488671 PMID:27575021 PMID:27733037

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether CNN2 directly modulates myosin ATPase vs. organizes fibers was not resolved here
    • Cell-type specificity of disease protection incompletely mapped
  5. 2018 High

    Identified the valvular interstitial cell, not macrophages, as the relevant CNN2-expressing cell type in TGFβ1-driven myofibroblast differentiation and aortic valve calcification.

    Evidence Systemic vs myeloid-specific Cnn2 KO comparison plus TGFβ1-treated aortic valve interstitial cell cultures

    PMID:30053524

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism connecting CNN2 to SMA induction and calcification not defined
    • No structural or biochemical detail
  6. 2022 High

    Defined CNN2 as a regulated cargo at damaged lysosomes, establishing a ubiquitin/VCP-p97-HSPB1 extraction step required for actin-driven lysophagy.

    Evidence Ubiquitylome profiling upon LMP, imaging of CNN2/Arp2/3 translocation, Co-IP and lysophagy flux assays

    PMID:35793674

    Open questions at the time
    • The E3 ligase that ubiquitylates CNN2 at lysosomes not identified
    • Precise ubiquitylation sites and how extraction promotes phagophore formation not fully resolved
  7. 2023 High

    Revealed a non-cytoskeletal metabolic axis in which CNN2 binds ESR2 to suppress PPARα-driven fatty acid oxidation and SIRT5-dependent ketogenesis in kidney injury and fibrosis.

    Evidence CNN2 knockdown mice in IRI/UUO/AKI models, proteomics, Co-IP of CNN2-ESR2, ChIP for ESR2-PPARα, HMGCS2 desuccinylation and β-hydroxybutyrate/ATP assays

    PMID:36963615 PMID:37751293

    Open questions at the time
    • How an actin-associated protein localizes to regulate nuclear/mitochondrial ESR2 function is unclear
    • Direct vs indirect nature of CNN2-ESR2 binding not structurally characterized
  8. 2023 Medium

    Showed CNN2 protein levels are controlled by the CRL3-gigaxonin E3 ligase and that CNN2 participates in tumor-promoting complexes, linking its turnover to actin dynamics and growth signaling.

    Evidence Co-IP of gigaxonin with CNN2 plus ubiquitination/proteasome assays and disease-mutant binding; Co-IP and ubiquitination assays for CNN2-YAP1-EGR1 in colorectal cancer; SRF KO/AAV rescue in hair cells

    PMID:37188478 PMID:37903270 PMID:37982489

    Open questions at the time
    • Physiological consequence of gigaxonin-mediated CNN2 turnover in vivo not established
    • CNN2-YAP1-EGR1 complex tested in a single lab without reciprocal structural validation
  9. 2024 Medium

    Extended CNN2's roles to fertility and bone, showing it is required for follicular maintenance and is a suppressible target controlling osteogenic differentiation.

    Evidence Cnn2 KO mouse ovarian phenotyping with cytoskeletal colocalization; miR-873-3p EV targeting of CNN2 in hBMSC osteogenesis assays

    PMID:38336796 PMID:39343927

    Open questions at the time
    • Cellular mechanism linking CNN2 loss to follicle depletion not defined
    • Direct miR-873-3p:CNN2 targeting inferred from rescue rather than fully validated binding
  10. 2025 High

    Reframed CNN2's core cytoskeletal mechanism as control of α-actinin distribution along stress fibers, and added a transcriptional brake on RSK2/HSP27/CREB tumor migration signaling.

    Evidence Isoform-specific CNN1/2/3 depletion in U2OS cells with α-actinin imaging and fiber morphometry; RNAi, luciferase reporter and metastasis assays in NSCLC

    PMID:40700931 PMID:41297546

    Open questions at the time
    • How CNN2 physically positions α-actinin along bundles not structurally defined
    • NSCLC RSK2 regulation mechanism (direct vs indirect) tested in single lab (Medium confidence)
  11. 2026 High

    Provided human genetic and modeling evidence that CNN2 is essential for smooth muscle contractility, and identified an epithelial response role in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    Evidence Whole-exome sequencing of a PIPO patient, CRISPR knock-in mouse with transit and collagen contraction assays; SARS-CoV-2 Envelope overexpression with CNN2 knockdown and GLIS2 regulation studies in epithelial cells

    PMID:41796654 PMID:41872170

    Open questions at the time
    • How the p.N7S variant disrupts contractile function at the protein level is undefined
    • Epithelial dedifferentiation/apoptosis role (Medium confidence) tested in a single lab

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How a single actin-associated protein integrates cytoskeletal mechanics, regulated proteolysis (CRL3-gigaxonin, VCP/p97), and metabolic/transcriptional partnerships (ESR2, YAP1) into tissue-specific functions remains unresolved.
  • No structural model of CNN2 bound to actin, α-actinin, or ESR2
  • Mechanism switching between cytoskeletal and non-cytoskeletal roles unknown
  • How tissue context selects among partners is undefined

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding 3 GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 2
Localization
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton 3 GO:0005829 cytosol 2
Pathway
R-HSA-1266738 Developmental Biology 3 R-HSA-168256 Immune System 3 R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 1
Partners
EGR1ESR2GANHSPB1VCPYAP1

Evidence

Reading pass · 21 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2005 Calponin 2 (CNN2) is required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development. Morpholino knockdown in zebrafish blocked intersegmental vessel formation and endothelial cell migration. In vitro, antisense knockdown of CNN2 in HUVECs reduced bFGF-induced migration while overexpression enhanced migration and wound healing; these effects correlated with MAPK activation, and MAPK inhibition blocked the pro-migratory effect of CNN2. Antisense morpholino knockdown in zebrafish, antisense adenovirus knockdown and overexpression in HUVECs, wound healing assay, MAPK inhibitor epistasis The Journal of biological chemistry High 16317011
2008 CNN2 (h2-calponin) regulates macrophage motility and phagocytosis. Cnn2 knockout mice showed increased macrophage migration speed, reduced macrophage spreading with decreased tropomyosin in the actin cytoskeleton, and significantly increased phagocytic activity. CNN2-null macrophages also showed reduced numbers of peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes. Cnn2 knockout mouse (conditional and constitutive), macrophage migration assay, phagocytosis assay, actin cytoskeleton analysis The Journal of biological chemistry High 18617524
2013 Calponin 2 (Cnn2) acts as a downstream effector of noncanonical Wnt/PCP signaling in neural crest cell migration. Cnn2 is localized to protrusions at the leading edge of migratory NCCs. Cnn2 knockdown caused NCC migration defects and randomized cell protrusions. Dominant-negative Wnt11 or RhoA inhibition migration defects were rescued by Cnn2 knockdown, placing Cnn2 downstream of Wnt/PCP-RhoA in this pathway. Morpholino knockdown in Xenopus and chick, live cell imaging of protrusions, epistasis with dominant-negative Wnt11 and RhoA inhibition Cell reports High 23499442
2013 CNN2 expression is regulated by androgen receptor (AR) via serum response factor (SRF) in prostate cancer cells. siRNA-mediated loss of CNN2 did not affect cell proliferation or apoptosis but induced cellular protrusions and increased prostate cancer cell migration; changes in migration correlated with altered β1-integrin expression but did not involve epithelial-mesenchymal transition. siRNA knockdown, androgen treatment, antiandrogen treatment, SRF siRNA, ChIP, migration assay, morphology analysis Carcinogenesis Medium 23576568
2016 Deletion of calponin 2 in macrophages increases cell traction force in a myosin II-dependent manner. Cnn2-null fibroblasts exhibit greater root-mean-square traction and total strain energy than wild-type cells. Blebbistatin (myosin II ATPase inhibitor) was less effective at altering cell morphology in CNN2-null cells, indicating additive/cooperative effects between calponin 2 and myosin II in regulating motor activity. Cell traction force (CTF) microscopy with polyacrylamide gels and fluorescent beads, de-adhesion assay, blebbistatin pharmacological inhibition Biochemistry High 27733037
2016 Deletion of calponin 2 in macrophages attenuates atherosclerosis. Cnn2-null macrophages and foam cells showed significantly weakened cell adhesion, faster migration, and reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Systemic or myeloid-specific Cnn2 knockout effectively reduced atherosclerotic lesion development in ApoE KO mice. Systemic and myeloid-specific Cnn2 KO mice crossed to ApoE KO background, macrophage adhesion and migration assays, cytokine measurements, histology Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology High 27575021
2016 Deletion of calponin 2 in macrophages attenuates inflammatory arthritis. Cnn2-KO macrophages show increased phagocytic activity (potentially facilitating clearance of autoimmune complexes), decreased substrate adhesion, and in vitro differentiation of Cnn2-null bone marrow cells produced fewer osteoclasts with decreased bone resorption. Systemic and myeloid-specific Cnn2 KO mice, anti-GPI serum-induced arthritis model, osteoclast differentiation assay, bone resorption assay, histology American journal of physiology. Cell physiology High 27488671
2018 Calponin 2 participates in myofibroblast differentiation, a key step in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Calponin 2 expression increased during TGFβ1-induced myofibroblast differentiation. Cnn2 KO attenuated TGFβ1-induced myofibroblast differentiation (lower SMA expression and less calcification). Myeloid-specific Cnn2 KO did not reduce aortic valve calcification, indicating the relevant cell type is the valvular interstitial cell rather than macrophages. Cnn2 KO mice in ApoE KO background, primary sheep aortic valve interstitial cell culture, TGFβ1 treatment, SMA expression, calcification assay, conditional (myeloid) vs systemic KO comparison Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology High 30053524
2022 CNN2 translocates to damaged lysosomes along with the Arp2/3 complex upon lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and regulates actin filaments to drive phagophore formation during lysophagy. CNN2 must be ubiquitylated during this process and subsequently extracted/removed by the AAA-ATPase VCP/p97 for efficient lysophagy. The small heat shock protein HSPB1 assists VCP/p97 in the extraction of CNN2. Ubiquitylated proteome profiling upon LMP, fluorescence imaging of CNN2 translocation, Co-IP/proximity ligation for VCP/p97 and HSPB1 interactions, lysophagy flux assay Molecular cell High 35793674
2023 CNN2 interacts with estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) to negatively regulate fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in fibrotic kidneys. ESR2 binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) to transcriptionally regulate FAO downstream target genes. CNN2 knockdown enhanced activities of key rate-limiting enzymes of FAO; inhibiting CPT1α (FAO pathway) restored lipid accumulation and ECM deposition that had been relieved by CNN2 knockdown. CNN2 knockdown mice in kidney fibrosis models (IRI and UUO), global proteomics, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) for ESR2-PPARα binding, in vitro ESR2 knockdown with FAO gene expression analysis, PPARα activation rescue experiment Molecular metabolism High 36963615
2023 CNN2 interacts with ESR2 to negatively regulate mitochondrial sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) activity during acute kidney injury (AKI). Activated SIRT5 desuccinylates HMGCS2 (rate-limiting enzyme of ketogenesis), increasing ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate and ATP production to mitigate AKI. CNN2 knockdown preserved kidney function and promoted cell proliferation in AKI through this mechanism. CNN2 knockdown mice in AKI models (cisplatin, IRI), proteomics, co-immunoprecipitation of CNN2-ESR2 and ESR2-SIRT5, HMGCS2 desuccinylation assay, β-hydroxybutyrate and ATP measurement JCI insight High 37751293
2023 CNN2 forms a complex with YAP1 and EGR1 in colorectal cancer cells. CNN2 knockdown downregulates EGR1 expression by enhancing its ubiquitination-mediated degradation in a YAP1-dependent manner, suppressing CRC cell growth. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, YAP1 siRNA rescue, in vitro loss/gain-of-function, xenograft Life science alliance Medium 37188478
2023 CRL3gigaxonin (CUL3-RBX1-gigaxonin E3 ubiquitin ligase) directly targets CNN2 (along with TPM1, TPM2, and TAGLN) for proteasomal degradation, controlling actin filament dynamics. Mutations in the C-terminal Kelch domain of gigaxonin (L309R, R545C, C570Y) disrupt binding to these substrates. Co-immunoprecipitation of gigaxonin with CNN2, ubiquitination assay, proteasome inhibitor experiments, mutant gigaxonin binding assay Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Medium 37903270
2023 SRF downstream target gene CNN2 regulates hair cell stereocilia dimensions and cuticular plate actin organization. Hair-cell-specific Srf deletion reduced CNN2 expression. AAV-mediated exogenous delivery of CNN2 in Srf mutants partially rescued stereocilia dimension defects and F-actin intensity of the cuticular plate. Hair-cell-specific Srf KO mouse, fluorescence-activated cell sorting-based hair cell RNA-Seq, AAV-mediated CNN2 rescue, stereocilia morphometry, F-actin imaging eLife Medium 37982489
2024 TSA-induced muscle-derived extracellular vesicles enriched with miR-873-3p promote osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs by targeting CNN2. Downregulation of CNN2 was identified as the mechanism through which miR-873-3p in EVs promotes osteogenesis. EV isolation, miR-873-3p overexpression/inhibition, CNN2 knockdown/overexpression in hBMSCs, osteogenic differentiation assay, target validation (implied luciferase/expression assay) Signal transduction and targeted therapy Medium 39343927
2024 Loss of calponin 2 (Cnn2 KO) in mice causes premature ovarian insufficiency, with significantly fewer total ovarian follicles, presence of multi-oocyte follicles, and age-progressive earlier follicle depletion. CNN2 colocalizes with actin stress fibers, tropomyosin, and myosin II in cumulus cells of ovarian follicles. Cnn2 KO mouse breeding analysis, ovarian histology, immunofluorescence colocalization with actin/tropomyosin/myosin II in primary cumulus cell cultures Journal of ovarian research Medium 38336796
2025 CNN2 (calponin-2) is a critical regulator of stress fiber organization that controls the distribution of α-actinin along actomyosin bundles, rather than acting as a negative regulator of myosin II. Loss of CNN2 reduced stress fiber thickness, increased fragility, and impaired cell migration in U2OS cells. Individual and collective depletion of CNN1/CNN2/CNN3 by siRNA/shRNA in U2OS cells, fluorescence imaging of α-actinin distribution, stress fiber morphometry, cell migration assay Current biology : CB High 41297546
2025 In NSCLC, h2-calponin (CNN2) negatively regulates RSK2 expression and downstream HSP27/CREB signaling. Downregulation of CNN2 activated RSK2/HSP27/CREB, promoting actin stress fiber reorganization and increased tumor migration and invasion; CNN2 upregulation reversed these effects. A luciferase reporter assay was used to explore how CNN2 regulates RSK2 transcription. RNA interference target screen, wound healing and Transwell migration assay, vein injection metastasis model, rhodamine-phalloidin staining of actin, luciferase reporter assay for RSK2 regulation Pathology, research and practice Medium 40700931
2026 A de novo missense variant (p.N7S) in CNN2 causes intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO). Knock-in mice bearing this variant exhibited prolonged gastrointestinal transit. Primary mouse intestinal smooth muscle cells (MISMCs) with the variant showed significantly impaired contractile function in collagen gel contraction assays, in a gene dosage-dependent manner. Whole-exome sequencing of patient, CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in mouse model, carmine red intestinal transit assay, collagen gel contraction assay of primary MISMCs, Western blotting Journal of pediatric surgery High 41796654
2026 SARS-CoV-2 nonspike structural proteins (particularly the Envelope protein) upregulate CNN2 in mucosal epithelial cells, inducing epithelial dedifferentiation and apoptosis. CNN2 acts as a downstream effector of this process; CNN2 downregulation inhibited epithelial cell apoptosis and promoted differentiation. CNN2 expression is negatively regulated by the transcription factor GLIS2. COVID-19 patient tissue immunostaining, SARS-CoV-2 Envelope protein overexpression, CNN2 knockdown in epithelial cells, cell differentiation and apoptosis assays, GLIS2 overexpression/knockdown Cell death & disease Medium 41872170
2016 Calponin 2 is a mechanoregulated cytoskeletal protein; cytoskeleton tension regulates transcription of the CNN2 gene and degradation of calponin 2 protein. All three calponin isoforms inhibit actin-activated myosin ATPase and stabilize the actin cytoskeleton. Review summarizing published experimental findings on calponin mechanoregulation and ATPase inhibition Gene Low 26970176

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 59 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2016 Calponin isoforms CNN1, CNN2 and CNN3: Regulators for actin cytoskeleton functions in smooth muscle and non-muscle cells. Gene 150 26970176
2010 CDK5RAP2 functions in centrosome to spindle pole attachment and DNA damage response. The Journal of cell biology 100 20368616
2021 Extracellular signal-regulated kinase regulates microglial immune responses in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of neuroscience research 77 33729626
2006 Identification of dysregulated genes in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Oncology reports 60 16865251
2008 Role of H2-calponin in regulating macrophage motility and phagocytosis. The Journal of biological chemistry 58 18617524
2005 A critical role for calponin 2 in vascular development. The Journal of biological chemistry 58 16317011
2011 Analysis of differentially expressed genes in human rectal carcinoma using suppression subtractive hybridization. Clinical and experimental medicine 50 21331762
2022 Ubiquitin profiling of lysophagy identifies actin stabilizer CNN2 as a target of VCP/p97 and uncovers a link to HSPB1. Molecular cell 36 35793674
2019 Candidate-based screening via gene modulation in human neurons and astrocytes implicates FERMT2 in Aβ and TAU proteostasis. Human molecular genetics 34 30371777
2013 Calponin 2 acts as an effector of noncanonical Wnt-mediated cell polarization during neural crest cell migration. Cell reports 34 23499442
2018 Targeted Sequencing of Alzheimer Disease Genes in African Americans Implicates Novel Risk Variants. Frontiers in neuroscience 31 30210277
2018 Comprehensive analysis of miRNA-mRNA-lncRNA networks in severe asthma. Epigenomics 31 30426778
2013 Androgen-responsive serum response factor target genes regulate prostate cancer cell migration. Carcinogenesis 31 23576568
2022 Scalable Generation of Nanovesicles from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair. International journal of molecular sciences 30 36430812
2015 The potential role of DNA methylation in abdominal aortic aneurysms. International journal of molecular sciences 28 25993294
2016 Deletion of calponin 2 in macrophages alters cytoskeleton-based functions and attenuates the development of atherosclerosis. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 26 27575021
2019 LncRNA NEAT1 Promotes Proliferation, Migration And Invasion Via Regulating miR-296-5p/CNN2 Axis In Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. OncoTargets and therapy 21 31819486
2016 Deletion of calponin 2 in macrophages attenuates the severity of inflammatory arthritis in mice. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 21 27488671
2024 Histone deacetylase inhibition enhances extracellular vesicles from muscle to promote osteogenesis via miR-873-3p. Signal transduction and targeted therapy 20 39343927
2018 Deletion of calponin 2 attenuates the development of calcific aortic valve disease in ApoE-/- mice. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 18 30053524
2023 Calponin 2 harnesses metabolic reprogramming to determine kidney fibrosis. Molecular metabolism 17 36963615
2021 Alterations of 5-hydroxymethylation in circulating cell-free DNA reflect molecular distinctions of subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. NPJ genomic medicine 16 33574286
2017 Knockdown of calponin 2 suppressed cell growth in gastric cancer cells. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine 15 28714360
2016 Deletion of Calponin 2 in Mouse Fibroblasts Increases Myosin II-Dependent Cell Traction Force. Biochemistry 15 27733037
2023 Calponin 2 regulates ketogenesis to mitigate acute kidney injury. JCI insight 14 37751293
2022 Identification of an 11 immune-related gene signature as the novel biomarker for acute myocardial infarction diagnosis. Genes and immunity 13 36182975
2018 Lentivirus-mediated shRNA Targeting CNN2 Inhibits Hepatocarcinoma in Vitro and in Vivo. International journal of medical sciences 13 29333089
2015 Transcriptome analysis of hen preadipocytes treated with an adipogenic cocktail (DMIOA) with or without 20(S)-hydroxylcholesterol. BMC genomics 13 25765115
2012 In vitro evaluation of the effectiveness of new water-stable cationic carbosilane dendrimers against Acanthamoeba castellanii UAH-T17c3 trophozoites. Parasitology research 13 23263327
2023 Immune response and mesenchymal transition of papillary thyroid carcinoma reflected in ultrasonography features assessed by radiologists and deep learning. Journal of advanced research 8 37783270
2023 The CRL3gigaxonin ubiquitin ligase-USP15 pathway governs the destruction of neurofilament proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 8 37903270
2022 Deep Learning-Based Classification of Cancer Cell in Leptomeningeal Metastasis on Cytomorphologic Features of Cerebrospinal Fluid. Frontiers in oncology 8 35273914
2019 Identification of Proteins Differentially Expressed by Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Immunodeficient Mice. International journal of molecular sciences 7 31151297
2024 AI-algorithm training and validation for identification of endometrial CD138+ cells in infertility-associated conditions; polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Journal of pathology informatics 6 38827567
2020 Ectopic expression of CNN2 of colon cancer promotes cell migration. Translational cancer research 6 35117451
2023 CNN2 silencing inhibits colorectal cancer development through promoting ubiquitination of EGR1. Life science alliance 5 37188478
2022 circCNN2 Accelerates Cell Proliferation and Invasion in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Regulating miR-184/E2F1 and Activating MAPK Signaling Pathway. Disease markers 5 36016851
2021 Serum calponin 2 is a novel biomarker of tubal ectopic pregnancy. Fertility and sterility 5 34217487
2020 Normalization Method Utilizing Endogenous Proteins for Quantitative Proteomics. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 5 32268065
2023 Exploration of the immunogenetic landscape of hyperprogressive disease after combined immunotherapy in cancer patients. iScience 4 37255657
2023 Differential regulation of hair cell actin cytoskeleton mediated by SRF and MRTFB. eLife 4 37982489
2023 The Role of H2-Calponin Antigen in Cancer Metastasis: Presence of Autoantibodies in Liver Cancer Patients. International journal of molecular sciences 3 37373013
2023 [12]aneN3-modified camptothecin and PEGylated AIEgens co-assembly into core-shell nanoparticles with ROS/NTR dual-response for enhanced cancer therapy. Journal of materials chemistry. B 3 37727888
2021 Exploration of Alternative Splicing Events in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Genes 3 34068253
2024 Loss of Calponin 2 causes premature ovarian insufficiency in mice. Journal of ovarian research 2 38336796
2024 Deep learning-based optimization of field geometry for total marrow irradiation delivered with volumetric modulated arc therapy. Medical physics 2 38634859
2025 Quantitative serum proteomic analysis for biomarker discovery in post-COVID-19 postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (PC-POTS) patients. Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical 1 40022872
2024 Opening SCID newborn screening for novel exon genetic variants through whole-exome sequencing in China. International immunopharmacology 1 38908084
2023 Calponin 2 harnesses metabolic reprogramming to determine kidney fibrosis. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 1 36711748
2026 A de novo variant in calponin2 causes intestinal pseudo-obstruction: Evidence from patient and mouse model. Journal of pediatric surgery 0 41796654
2026 SARS-CoV-2 nonspike structural proteins hijack mucosa epithelial cell fate. Cell death & disease 0 41872170
2026 Functional Analysis of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Risk Genes in Caenorhabditis elegans Identifies Regulators of Neuronal Aging. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 0 41959118
2026 Dynamic landscape of microRNA expression in the feline small intestine during Toxoplasma gondii infection. Parasites & vectors 0 41965856
2026 ML216 Alleviates Age-Related Cardiac Fibrosis by Suppressing TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway. International journal of molecular sciences 0 42074068
2026 LDHA-mediated CREB1 Lactylation Promotes Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis by Transcriptionally Activating Cytoskeletal Remodeling. Neuro-oncology 0 42166760
2025 H2-calponin attenuate metastasis in human NSCLC by suppressing RSK2 expression. Pathology, research and practice 0 40700931
2025 Whole Exome Sequencing for the Identification of Mutations in Bone Marrow CD34+Cells in Hodgkin Lymphoma. Current issues in molecular biology 0 41296384
2025 Calponin isoforms define the cell-type-specific organization and dynamics of actomyosin bundles. Current biology : CB 0 41297546
2015 [Application of gene microarray to screen differential expression genes of Modic changes at vertebral endplates]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 0 26711386

Missed literature

Know a paper Affinage missed for CNN2? Flag it for the maintainers and the community.

No submissions yet.