| 2006 |
VLGR1 protein is localized to ankle links at the base of developing stereocilia in cochlear hair bundles; targeted deletion of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains (Vlgr1/del7TM) abolishes ankle link formation, causes stereocilia disorganization, impairs mechanotransduction (FM1-43 loading and whole-cell recordings), and results in severe deafness. |
Targeted mouse knockout, immunofluorescence/mass spectrometry identification of ankle link antigen, FM1-43 dye loading, whole-cell electrophysiology, auditory brainstem recordings |
The Journal of neuroscience |
High |
16775142
|
| 2006 |
Whirlin (DFNB31) directly associates with VLGR1b via PDZ domain interactions; whirlin, USH2A isoform b, and VLGR1b co-localize at the synaptic regions of photoreceptor and outer hair cells, the connecting cilium, and the outer limiting membrane, placing whirlin in the Usher protein interactome as a PDZ scaffold. |
Direct binding assays, co-immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, co-localization confocal microscopy |
Human molecular genetics |
High |
16434480
|
| 2014 |
VLGR1 undergoes autocleavage at its GPCR proteolytic site (GPS) into two fragments; the cleaved β-subunit constitutively inhibits adenylate cyclase via Gαi coupling, an R6002A mutation in intracellular loop 2 abolishes Gαi coupling, and PDZD7 overexpression reduces AC inhibition by the VLGR1 β-subunit but not by the pathogenic Y6236fsX1 mutant. |
Heterologous expression, cAMP assay, Gαiq chimera co-expression, mutagenesis, phospholipase C/NFAT reporter assay |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
24962568
|
| 2007 |
Vlgr1 protein is localized to the base of stereocilia within ~200–400 nm of the apical surface of hair cells (confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy); loss of Vlgr1 causes progressive stereocilia disorganization starting at postnatal day 8 and hearing deficit measurable by ABR and DPOAE. |
Immunoelectron microscopy, confocal microscopy, ABR, DPOAE, Vlgr1 knockout mice |
Genes to cells |
High |
17295842
|
| 2004 |
Loss of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of VLGR1 (Vlgr1/del7TM knock-in mice) causes audiogenic seizure susceptibility, demonstrating that the intracellular signaling domain is required to suppress the seizure phenotype. |
Gene targeting (knock-in producing truncated ectodomain), audiogenic seizure testing, Western blot |
Molecular and cellular neurosciences |
High |
15207856
|
| 2012 |
Specific VLGR1 variant(s) are selectively trafficked to the basal pole of auditory hair cells in association with membrane microdomains and SNAP25; co-immunoprecipitation demonstrates a physical interaction between VLGR1 and SNAP25 in organ of Corti and brain, implicating VLGR1 in vesicle docking/fusion at the basolateral domain. |
Confocal colocalization, sucrose density gradients, vesicle trafficking inhibitors, co-immunoprecipitation |
The Journal of neuroscience |
Medium |
23035094
|
| 2021 |
VLGR1/ADGRV1 localizes to focal adhesions (FAs) and assembles FA protein complexes in situ; depletion of VLGR1 reduces FA number and length, decreases cell spreading and migration kinetics, and impairs response to mechanical stretch, identifying VLGR1 as a metabotropic mechanosensor in FAs. |
Affinity proteomics, immunofluorescence co-localization in hTERT-RPE1 cells and Vlgr1 mutant mouse astrocytes, cell spreading and migration assays, mechanical stretch assay, siRNA knockdown |
iScience |
High |
33851099
|
| 2022 |
VLGR1/ADGRV1 localizes to mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) and interacts with key MAM proteins (confirmed by pull-down and proximity ligation assays); absence of VLGR1 in mouse tissues alters MAM architecture and dysregulates Ca2+ transients from ER to mitochondria. |
Affinity proteomics, in vitro pull-down, proximity ligation assay, immunocytochemistry (light and electron microscopy), Ca2+ imaging in VLGR1-deficient models |
Cells |
High |
36139365
|
| 2023 |
ADGRV1 inhibits WHRN (whirlin) phosphorylation through regional cAMP-PKA signaling; phosphorylation of WHRN regulates USH2A ubiquitination and stability via the E3 ligase WDSUB1 (identified by yeast two-hybrid); the pathogenic Y6236fsX1 mutation disrupts ADGRV1 interactions with ALC components, causes stereocilia disorganization and MET deficits, and fails to suppress WHRN phosphorylation. NMR and FlAsH-BRET provided single-residue resolution of ALC interaction motifs. |
Adgrv1 Y6236fsX1 knock-in mice, yeast two-hybrid, FlAsH-BRET assay, NMR spectrometry, mutagenesis, ubiquitination assays, ABR/MET recordings |
Advanced science |
High |
37066759
|
| 2022 |
The two N-terminal PDZ domains of PDZD7 bind the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif (PBM) of ADGRV1 and form a supramodule stabilized upon PBM binding; deafness-causing mutations in PDZD7 PDZ binding grooves reduce stability and PBM-binding affinity, defining the molecular basis by which PDZD7 regulates ADGRV1 GPCR activity in hair cells. |
NMR, biophysical binding assays, mutagenesis of deafness variants |
Frontiers in molecular biosciences |
High |
35836927
|
| 2023 |
VLGR1/ADGRV1 interacts with key autophagosome components (identified by affinity proteomics); VLGR1 deficiency in hTERT-RPE1 cells and USH2C patient fibroblasts evokes autophagy as shown by increased LC3 and p62 marker levels, demonstrating a role for VLGR1 in regulating autophagy at internal membranes. |
Affinity proteomics, whole transcriptome sequencing (Vlgr1/del7TM retina), immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry of LC3/p62 in VLGR1-deficient cells and patient fibroblasts |
Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology |
Medium |
37002809
|
| 2023 |
ADGRV1 and CIB2 (USH1J protein) mutually interact and share a high-degree overlapping interactome; both USH proteins interact with the TRiC/CCT chaperonin complex and BBS chaperonin-like proteins, and co-localize at photoreceptor cilia, implicating ADGRV1 in primary cilia function. |
Tandem affinity purification + mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation validation, immunohistochemistry on retinal sections |
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology |
Medium |
37427378
|
| 2023 |
The usherin c.2299delG mutation causes mislocalization of usherin to the photoreceptor inner segment and concomitant mislocalization of VLGR1 (and whirlin), demonstrating that usherin is required for correct localization of VLGR1 within the USH2 protein complex at the connecting cilium. |
Ush2a c.2299delG knock-in mouse, immunofluorescence, ERG, OCT |
Nature communications |
Medium |
36810733
|
| 2023 |
VLGR1 regulates de novo focal adhesion assembly: live-cell imaging of paxillin-DsRed2 with nocodazole washout and FRAP experiments show that VLGR1-deficient astrocytes have significantly delayed FA assembly and reduced FA turnover kinetics, without alteration of FA disassembly. |
Live-cell imaging (paxillin-DsRed2), nocodazole washout assay, FRAP, Vlgr1-deficient astrocytes |
Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology |
Medium |
36929698
|
| 2025 |
ADGRV1 localizes to the base of primary cilia and interacts with TRiC/CCT chaperonins and BBS chaperonin-like proteins; in the absence of TRiC/CCT-BBS complex components, ADGRV1 is depleted from primary cilia and degraded via the proteasome; knockdown of ADGRV1, CCT2/3, or BBS6 each result in reduced ciliated cells and shorter primary cilia. |
Affinity proteomics, immunofluorescence, siRNA knockdown, proteasome inhibitor rescue, ciliogenesis quantification in cultured cells |
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology |
Medium |
40103630
|
| 2025 |
Super-resolution STED nanoscopy in juvenile mouse hair cells revealed highly asymmetric subcellular localization of ADGRV1 (extracellular vs. GPCR domains) and PDZD7 across stereocilia rows and between IHC and OHC; the extracellular domain of ADGRV1 disappears after postnatal day 12 while the GPCR domain persists until P21, suggesting a post-scaffolding signaling role. |
STED super-resolution nanoscopy, immunolabeling with domain-specific antibodies in mouse cochlea |
iScience |
Medium |
40836926
|
| 2026 |
ADGRV1 controls glutamate homeostasis in hippocampal astrocytes: affinity proteomics identified astrocyte-enriched interactors; ADGRV1-deficient astrocytes show reduced glutamate uptake (colorimetric assay and live cell imaging with genetic glutamate reporter), imbalanced glutamate-glutamine cycle enzyme expression, and reduced astrocyte numbers and altered morphology in Adgrv1-mutant mouse hippocampus. |
Affinity proteomics, transcriptomics (USH2C patient cells and Adgrv1 KO mouse hippocampus), colorimetric glutamate uptake assay, live-cell glutamate reporter imaging, morphometric analysis |
Acta neuropathologica communications |
Medium |
42002803
|
| 2022 |
Affinity proteomics of VLGR1/ADGRV1 identified novel binding partners and placed the receptor in functional modules including transcriptional regulation, splicing, cell cycle regulation, ciliogenesis, cell adhesion, neuronal development, and retinal maintenance; selected interactions were validated in vitro and in situ. |
Tandem affinity purification + mass spectrometry, GO term analysis, in vitro and in situ validation of selected interactions |
Molecules |
Medium |
35630584
|
| 2023 |
In the adgrv1 CRISPR/Cas9 zebrafish model, absence of Adgrv1 at the photoreceptor connecting cilium leads to reduced levels of usherin and Whrnb at that site, increased aberrant rhodopsin localization in photoreceptor cell bodies, and decreased ERG B-wave amplitude, demonstrating a role for ADGRV1 in USH2 complex integrity and photoreceptor function. |
CRISPR/Cas9 zebrafish KO (4bp deletion in exon 9), immunohistochemistry, ERG |
Cells |
Medium |
37371069
|