Affinage

WIPI1

WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 · UniProt Q5MNZ9

Length
446 aa
Mass
48.7 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-11
55 papers in source corpus 16 papers cited in narrative 16 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 8/8 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

WIPI1 is a 3-phosphoinositide-binding WD40 β-propeller protein that functions as a phosphoinositide effector at two membrane systems: nascent autophagosomes and the endosomal network (PMID:15020712, PMID:17618624, PMID:33685363). At the onset of autophagy, WIPI1 binds PI(3)P generated downstream of mTORC1 inhibition and class III PI3K activity, forming puncta on LC3-positive autophagosomal membranes; this recruitment is blocked by PI3-kinase inhibitors (wortmannin, LY294002) and abolished by mutation of its phosphoinositide-binding site, a surface mapped to a defined cluster of β-propeller residues (PMID:17618624, PMID:23088497). There it assists WIPI2 in recruiting the ATG16L1 complex to drive LC3/GABARAP lipidation and autophagosome maturation (PMID:37620393). WIPI1 membrane recruitment during starvation- and compound-induced autophagy is gated by Ca2+/CaMKK–CaMKI signaling and modulated by AMPK (PMID:21896713). WIPI1-positive structures act as omegasome rings serving as lysosome docking sites in selective ER-associated autophagy and entrap intracellular bacteria during xenophagy (PMID:35704470, PMID:22829830). Separately, through phosphoinositide-binding site II, a requirement for PI(3,5)P2, and a conserved amphipathic α-helix that deforms membranes, WIPI1 drives fission of tubulo-vesicular endosomal transport carriers and, via an FSSS motif and Vps35 interaction, integrates into a Retromer-associated CROP complex that sorts cargo such as EGFR and GLUT1; this endosomal activity is genetically separable from its autophagic role [PMID:33685363, PMID:bio_10.1101_2025.10.08.681146]. WIPI1 additionally restrains TORC1 signaling to permit melanosome maturation and supports mitochondrial quality control and mitophagy in cardiomyocytes (PMID:21317285, PMID:39961409). WIPI1 transcription is repressed by MYC binding at the WIPI1 promoter downstream of an ABL-ERK-MYC axis (PMID:37620393).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 2004 High

    Established WIPI1 as a 3-phosphoinositide-binding WD40 protein whose lipid-binding activity is functionally required, first linking it to membrane trafficking rather than to its autophagic role.

    Evidence Phosphoinositide binding assays, RNAi, and PI-binding point mutant (R221,222A) rescue in endosomal/MPR trafficking

    PMID:15020712

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not connect the protein to autophagy
    • Structural basis of lipid recognition not resolved
    • Direct membrane partners at endosomes not identified
  2. 2004 Medium

    Showed WIPI1 redistributes to LC3-positive and cup-shaped structures upon amino-acid starvation in a PI3-kinase-dependent manner, implicating it in autophagosome biogenesis.

    Evidence Immunofluorescence colocalization with LC3 and wortmannin inhibition in melanoma cells

    PMID:15602573

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether colocalization reflects functional requirement not tested
    • In vitro nuclear receptor binding not validated in cells
  3. 2007 Medium

    Demonstrated PI(3)P binding is required for WIPI1 recruitment to autophagosomal membranes, defining it as a PI(3)P scaffold at autophagy onset responsive to mTORC1 inhibition and diverse autophagy inducers.

    Evidence Fluorescence microscopy of puncta under multiple inducers/inhibitors plus PI(3)P-binding-deficient mutant

    PMID:17618624

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream effectors recruited by WIPI1 not identified
    • Order relative to other ATG proteins unresolved
  4. 2011 Medium

    Mapped the upstream signaling and identified non-autophagic roles, showing WIPI1 recruitment depends on Ca2+/CaMKK-CaMKI and that WIPI1 restrains TORC1 to enable melanosome maturation.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown, pharmacological inhibitors, melanosome staging by EM, and signaling pathway dissection

    PMID:21317285 PMID:21896713

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct molecular link between CaMKI and WIPI1 recruitment unknown
    • How WIPI1 inhibits TORC1 mechanistically unresolved
  5. 2011 Medium

    Ultrastructural localization placed WIPI1 as an integral membrane component of autophagosomes and additional compartments (plasma membrane, ER).

    Evidence Freeze-fracture replica immunolabelling electron microscopy

    PMID:21564513

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional significance of ER/plasma membrane pools not defined
  6. 2012 High

    Systematic mutagenesis defined the precise β-propeller phosphoinositide-binding surface and distinguished it from separate regulatory residues governing membrane recruitment.

    Evidence Alanine scanning, phosphoinositide binding assays, fluorescence microscopy, PIKfyve inhibition

    PMID:23088497

    Open questions at the time
    • No crystal structure of human WIPI1-lipid complex
    • Roles of two distinct binding sites not yet separated functionally
  7. 2012 Medium

    Extended WIPI1 PI(3)P effector function to selective autophagy of pathogens, showing WIPI1-positive vesicles entrap intracellular bacteria for lysosomal degradation.

    Evidence High-content imaging, EM, and PIKfyve/lysosomal inhibition during S. aureus xenophagy

    PMID:22829830

    Open questions at the time
    • Cargo recognition mechanism not defined
    • WIPI1-specific contribution versus other WIPIs unclear
  8. 2012 Medium

    Showed WIPI1 acts with WIPI2 in BECN1-independent autophagy that drives macrophage migration via MAPK1/3 and MMP9.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown with MAPK phosphorylation, MMP9 activity, and migration assays

    PMID:23051912

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether WIPI1 acts on MAPK directly or via autophagy is unresolved
    • Redundancy with WIPI2 not dissected
  9. 2019 Medium

    Linked WIPI1 to non-canonical autophagy and mitochondrial oxidative signaling in cardiomyocytes.

    Evidence siRNA silencing with mitochondrial superoxide and autophagy flux measurements in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes

    PMID:31021818

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular pathway connecting WIPI1 to mitochondrial ROS unknown
  10. 2021 High

    Mechanistically separated WIPI1's autophagic and endosomal functions, showing endosomal carrier fission requires PI(3,5)P2, binding site II, and an amphipathic α-helix that deforms membranes, while autophagy uses PI(3)P.

    Evidence Knockdown/knockout, site-directed mutagenesis, live imaging, EM, and cargo trafficking assays

    PMID:33685363

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural mechanism of helix-driven fission not resolved
    • Endosomal partner proteins not yet identified in this study
  11. 2021 Low

    Reported a WIPI1-TRIM21 interaction enhancing starvation autophagy with tumor-suppressive consequences in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

    Evidence Co-immunoprecipitation, overexpression/knockdown, and xenograft assays

    PMID:34689010

    Open questions at the time
    • Single Co-IP without reciprocal/structural validation
    • Direct binding versus complex co-precipitation unresolved
    • Mechanistic link to autophagy enhancement not defined
  12. 2022 Medium

    Defined WIPI1 rings as omegasome docking sites for lysosomes during selective ER-associated autophagy of misfolded rhodopsin.

    Evidence Live-cell imaging and loss-of-function of DNAJB12/GABARAP with colocalization analysis

    PMID:35704470

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular basis of lysosome docking at WIPI1 rings unknown
    • Whether docking requires WIPI1 lipid binding not tested
  13. 2023 Medium

    Placed WIPI1 in an ABL-ERK-MYC transcriptional circuit where MYC directly represses WIPI1, and showed WIPI1 assists WIPI2 in recruiting ATG16L1 for LC3/GABARAP lipidation.

    Evidence ChIP of MYC at the WIPI1 promoter, kinase/siRNA perturbation, autophagy flux, and live imaging

    PMID:37620393

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct biochemical contact of WIPI1 with ATG16L1 not shown
    • Physiological contexts of MYC repression not mapped
  14. 2025 Medium

    Identified WIPI1 as a stable subunit of a Retromer-associated CROP coat complex distinct from a WIPI2-Retriever CROP2 complex, with each selective for different endosomal cargos.

    Evidence Reciprocal co-IP (Vps35), cargo trafficking assays, and FSSS-motif/amphipathic-helix mutagenesis (preprint)

    PMID:bio_10.1101_2025.10.08.681146

    Open questions at the time
    • Preprint not peer-reviewed
    • Structure of the CROP coat unresolved
    • How cargo selectivity is encoded not defined
  15. 2025 Medium

    Established WIPI1 as essential for cardiomyocyte mitophagy and mitochondrial integrity, with overexpression preserving mitophagy markers in diabetic models.

    Evidence siRNA knockdown, AAV9 overexpression, JC-1 potential, respirometry, and echocardiography

    PMID:39961409

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether WIPI1 acts directly in PINK/Parkin mitophagy or upstream is unclear
    • Cargo-receptor interactions in mitophagy not defined

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How WIPI1 mechanistically partitions between its PI(3)P-dependent autophagic scaffold role and its PI(3,5)P2/amphipathic-helix-dependent endosomal fission role within a cell, and the structural basis of its coat and ATG16L1 engagements, remain unresolved.
  • No high-resolution structure of WIPI1 bound to lipid or coat partners
  • Regulatory switch directing WIPI1 to autophagy versus endosomes unknown
  • Quantitative contribution of WIPI1 versus WIPI2 across pathways not delineated

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0008289 lipid binding 4 GO:0005198 structural molecule activity 2 GO:0060090 molecular adaptor activity 2
Localization
GO:0005768 endosome 3 GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 3 GO:0005739 mitochondrion 2 GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 2 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 1
Pathway
R-HSA-9612973 Autophagy 4 R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport 3
Partners
ATG16L1MYCTRIM21VPS35WIPI2
Complex memberships
CROP (WIPI1-Retromer) complex

Evidence

Reading pass · 16 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2004 WIPI1 (WIPI49/ATG18) is a member of the WIPI family of WD-repeat proteins that binds 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositides (PI3P and PI(3,5)P2) via its WD40 domain, and this PI-binding activity is required for its function in endosomal organization and mannose-6-phosphate receptor (MPR) trafficking. A double point mutant (R221,222A) unable to bind phosphoinositides does not disrupt MPR pathway function, while wild-type WIPI49 overexpression disrupts it. RNAi knockdown of WIPI49 disrupts normal endosomal organization and CI-MPR distribution. Phosphoinositide binding assays, immunofluorescence, live-cell imaging, RNAi knockdown, point mutagenesis Molecular biology of the cell High 15020712
2004 Human WIPI-1alpha (WIPI49/ATG18) colocalizes with the autophagosomal marker LC3 at punctate cytoplasmic structures in human melanoma cells and accumulates in large vesicular and cup-shaped structures upon amino-acid deprivation-induced autophagy. These structures are blocked by wortmannin, implicating PI3-kinase activity upstream. WIPI-1 also binds androgen and estrogen receptors in vitro via LXXLL motifs. Immunofluorescence colocalization, wortmannin inhibition, in vitro receptor binding assay Oncogene Medium 15602573
2007 WIPI-1 (ATG18) functions as a PI(3)P scaffold at the onset of autophagy in human cells. WIPI-1 puncta formation at LC3-positive autophagosomal membranes is induced by rapamycin, gleevec, thapsigargin, and amino acid deprivation, and is inhibited by wortmannin and LY294002 (PI3-kinase inhibitors). A PI(3)P-binding-deficient WIPI-1 mutant is unable to form puncta, establishing that PI(3)P binding is required for WIPI-1 membrane recruitment. Fluorescence microscopy, pharmacological inhibition, PI(3)P-binding mutant expression FEBS letters Medium 17618624
2011 WIPI-1 and WIPI-2 are integral membrane proteins of autophagosomes and also present in plasma membrane, ER (WIPI-1), and Golgi-area membranes (WIPI-2), as established by freeze-fracture replica immunolabelling. Freeze-fracture replica immunolabelling electron microscopy Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Medium 21564513
2011 WIPI1 inhibits TORC1 (mTORC1) signaling in melanocytes, leading to GSK3β inhibition, β-Catenin stabilization, increased MITF transcription and expression of melanogenic enzymes, and formation of mature (stage III-IV) melanosomes. WIPI1-depleted cells accumulate stage I melanosomes but lack stage III-IV melanosomes. This TORC1-dependent melanosome maturation role is distinct from starvation-induced autophagy. siRNA knockdown, rapamycin treatment, melanosome staging by electron microscopy, signaling pathway analysis The Journal of biological chemistry Medium 21317285
2011 Starvation- and pharmacological compound-induced WIPI-1 puncta formation (autophagosomal membrane recruitment) requires Ca2+-dependent signaling through CaMKI. siRNA-mediated knockdown of CaMKI (but not CaMKIV) reduces WIPI-1 puncta formation. AMPKα1/α2 deficiency reduces basal autophagy (WIPI-1 puncta) but starvation-induced autophagy remains CaMKK/CaMKI-dependent. siRNA knockdown, pharmacological inhibitors (STO-609, KN-93, BAPTA-AM), automated high-throughput WIPI-1 puncta analysis, LC3 lipidation assays Molecular pharmacology Medium 21896713
2012 Alanine scanning mutagenesis of conserved residues in the human WIPI-1 β-propeller identified the critical PtdIns(3)P/PtdIns(3,5)P2 binding site as S203, S205, G208, T209, R212, R226, R227, G228, S251, T255, H257. WIPI-1 mutants unable to bind these phosphoinositides fail to localize to autophagosomal membranes. Regulatory residues R110, R112, and H185 influence membrane recruitment independently of phosphoinositide binding. PIKfyve inhibition by YM201636 (elevating PtdIns(3)P) increases WIPI-1 autophagosomal localization. Alanine scanning mutagenesis, phosphoinositide binding assays, fluorescence microscopy, siRNA, pharmacological inhibition Journal of molecular signaling High 23088497
2012 WIPI1 and WIPI2 are required for rVP1-induced, BECN1-independent autophagosome formation in macrophages. Knockdown of WIPI1 (or WIPI2) attenuates rVP1-mediated increases in MAPK1/3 phosphorylation and MMP9 activity; combined depletion of both abolishes macrophage migration. This places WIPI1 upstream of MAPK1/3 and MMP9 in this autophagy-dependent migration pathway. siRNA knockdown, LC3 autophagosome formation assay, MAPK phosphorylation assay, MMP9 activity assay, migration assay Autophagy Medium 23051912
2012 WIPI-1 positive vesicles entrap pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus for lysosomal degradation (xenophagy). Lysosomal inhibition by bafilomycin A1 or PIKfyve inhibition by YM201636 (blocking PtdIns(3,5)P2 generation) increases the number of WIPI-1 positive autophagosome-like vesicles entrapping staphylococci, demonstrating that the PI(3)P effector function of WIPI-1 is utilized during xenophagy. High-content fluorescence analysis, confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, pharmacological inhibition International journal of cell biology Medium 22829830
2021 WIPI1 specifically acts in the formation and fission of tubulo-vesicular endosomal transport carriers, supporting PtdIns(3,5)P2-dependent transport of endosomal cargo toward the plasma membrane, Golgi, and lysosomes. Three molecular features differentiate WIPI1's endosomal and autophagic activities: phosphoinositide binding site II, requirement for PtdIns(3,5)P2, and bilayer deformation via a conserved amphipathic α-helix. Inactivation of these features preserves autophagy but causes strong enlargement of endosomes with micrometer-long membrane tubules. Thus, WIPI1 uses different modes of action for autophagy (PtdIns3P-dependent) versus endosomal protein exit (PtdIns(3,5)P2 and amphipathic helix-dependent). Knockdown/knockout, site-directed mutagenesis, live-cell imaging, electron microscopy, cargo trafficking assays Autophagy High 33685363
2019 Wipi1 regulates mitochondrial oxidative signaling and non-canonical autophagy in cardiac myocytes. siRNA silencing of Wipi1 in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes limits non-canonical autophagy and blunts aldosterone-induced mitochondrial superoxide levels. siRNA silencing, mitochondrial superoxide measurement, autophagy flux assays JCI insight Medium 31021818
2023 The ABL-ERK-MYC signalling axis controls WIPI1 gene expression: MYC binds to the WIPI1 promoter and represses WIPI1 transcription. When ABL-ERK-MYC signalling is counteracted, increased WIPI1 expression enhances autophagic membrane formation. WIPI1 assists WIPI2 in recruiting the ATG16L1 complex at the nascent autophagosome, promoting LC3/GABARAP lipidation and autophagosome maturation. ChIP (MYC-WIPI1 promoter binding), siRNA/kinase inhibitor perturbation, autophagy flux assays, live-cell imaging Communications biology Medium 37620393
2022 WIPI1 rings (omegasome structures) serve as docking sites for lysosomes during DNAJB12- and GABARAP-dependent selective ER-associated autophagy (ERAA) of misfolded P23H-rhodopsin. ER tubules containing P23H-R thread through WIPI1 ring walls; GABARAP is required for transfer of P23H-R from phagophores to lysosomes but not for lysosome docking to WIPI1 rings. Fluorescence microscopy, live-cell imaging, loss-of-function (DNAJB12, GABARAP knockdown/KO), colocalization analysis Molecular biology of the cell Medium 35704470
2025 WIPI1 forms a CROP complex with Retromer (via Vps35 interaction), while WIPI2 forms a distinct CROP2 complex with Retriever (via CCDC93 and SNX17). CROP and CROP2 are mutually exclusive in their associations and pathway-selective for distinct endosomal cargos (EGFR/GLUT1 for CROP; β1-Integrin for CROP2). Both WIPI1 and WIPI2 require an FSSS motif for integration into their respective coat complexes and an amphipathic α-helix for membrane fission activity. Co-immunoprecipitation, cargo trafficking assays, mutagenesis (FSSS motif, amphipathic helix) bioRxivpreprint Medium bio_10.1101_2025.10.08.681146
2025 WIPI1 knockdown in cardiomyocytes leads to mitochondrial dysfunction (loss of membrane potential, reduced respiratory capacity), implicating WIPI1 as essential for proper mitophagy; overexpression via AAV9-cTNT-WIPI1 in a diabetic rat/mouse model preserves autophagosome formation/maturation markers (LC3b-II, SQSTM1) and mitophagy-related proteins (PINK, Parkin). siRNA knockdown, AAV9 overexpression, JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay, high-resolution respirometry, echocardiography Cellular signalling Medium 39961409
2021 WIPI-1 directly interacts with TRIM21 in NPC cells, and this interaction enhances starvation-induced autophagy. WIPI-1 overexpression or knockdown respectively inhibits or facilitates NPC cell migration, colony formation, proliferation, and in vivo tumour growth/metastasis. Co-immunoprecipitation (WIPI-1/TRIM21 interaction), overexpression/knockdown, in vitro migration and proliferation assays, xenograft mouse models Oral oncology Low 34689010

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 55 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2010 Mammalian Atg18 (WIPI2) localizes to omegasome-anchored phagophores and positively regulates LC3 lipidation. Autophagy 563 20505359
2004 WIPI-1alpha (WIPI49), a member of the novel 7-bladed WIPI protein family, is aberrantly expressed in human cancer and is linked to starvation-induced autophagy. Oncogene 287 15602573
2018 The Atg2-Atg18 complex tethers pre-autophagosomal membranes to the endoplasmic reticulum for autophagosome formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 240 30254161
2007 Human WIPI-1 puncta-formation: a novel assay to assess mammalian autophagy. FEBS letters 143 17618624
2004 PtdIns-specific MPR pathway association of a novel WD40 repeat protein, WIPI49. Molecular biology of the cell 114 15020712
2010 Roles of the lipid-binding motifs of Atg18 and Atg21 in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway and autophagy. The Journal of biological chemistry 103 20154084
2007 Atg18 regulates organelle morphology and Fab1 kinase activity independent of its membrane recruitment by phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate. Molecular biology of the cell 102 17699591
2006 The relevance of the phosphatidylinositolphosphat-binding motif FRRGT of Atg18 and Atg21 for the Cvt pathway and autophagy. FEBS letters 84 16876790
2008 Dissecting the localization and function of Atg18, Atg21 and Ygr223c. Autophagy 80 18769150
2012 Atg18 function in autophagy is regulated by specific sites within its β-propeller. Journal of cell science 79 23230146
2011 WIPI1 coordinates melanogenic gene transcription and melanosome formation via TORC1 inhibition. The Journal of biological chemistry 72 21317285
2011 Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) signaling via CaMKI and AMP-activated protein kinase contributes to the regulation of WIPI-1 at the onset of autophagy. Molecular pharmacology 71 21896713
2017 Membrane scission driven by the PROPPIN Atg18. The EMBO journal 63 29030482
2020 Phosphorylation of ATG18a by BAK1 suppresses autophagy and attenuates plant resistance against necrotrophic pathogens. Autophagy 61 32804012
2013 Detection of WIPI1 mRNA as an indicator of autophagosome formation. Autophagy 53 24384561
2011 Freeze-fracture replica immunolabelling reveals human WIPI-1 and WIPI-2 as membrane proteins of autophagosomes. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 49 21564513
2018 WIPI1, BAG1, and PEX3 Autophagy-Related Genes Are Relevant Melanoma Markers. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 46 30622661
2017 The cell non-autonomous function of ATG-18 is essential for neuroendocrine regulation of Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan. PLoS genetics 42 28557996
2017 Autophagy-Related Protein ATG18 Regulates Apicoplast Biogenesis in Apicomplexan Parasites. mBio 42 29089429
2013 Atg18 phosphoregulation controls organellar dynamics by modulating its phosphoinositide-binding activity. The Journal of cell biology 42 23940117
2013 Different effects of Atg2 and Atg18 mutations on Atg8a and Atg9 trafficking during starvation in Drosophila. FEBS letters 42 24374083
2012 Recombinant protein rVP1 upregulates BECN1-independent autophagy, MAPK1/3 phosphorylation and MMP9 activity via WIPI1/WIPI2 to promote macrophage migration. Autophagy 39 23051912
2018 A single nucleotide polymorphism in the Plasmodium falciparum atg18 gene associates with artemisinin resistance and confers enhanced parasite survival under nutrient deprivation. Malaria journal 36 30367653
2017 Structure based biophysical characterization of the PROPPIN Atg18 shows Atg18 oligomerization upon membrane binding. Scientific reports 36 29070817
2012 WIPI-1 Positive Autophagosome-Like Vesicles Entrap Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus for Lysosomal Degradation. International journal of cell biology 33 22829830
2021 WIPI1 promotes fission of endosomal transport carriers and formation of autophagosomes through distinct mechanisms. Autophagy 32 33685363
2009 Assessing mammalian autophagy by WIPI-1/Atg18 puncta formation. Methods in enzymology 30 19200887
2019 WIPI1 is a conserved mediator of right ventricular failure. JCI insight 25 31021818
2012 Defining regulatory and phosphoinositide-binding sites in the human WIPI-1 β-propeller responsible for autophagosomal membrane localization downstream of mTORC1 inhibition. Journal of molecular signaling 25 23088497
2012 Autophagosome formation can be achieved in the absence of Atg18 by expressing engineered PAS-targeted Atg2. FEBS letters 23 22728243
2022 Vacuole fragmentation depends on a novel Atg18-containing retromer-complex. Autophagy 22 35574911
2020 The crystal structure of Atg18 reveals a new binding site for Atg2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 15 32809042
2021 Plasmodium falciparum Atg18 localizes to the food vacuole via interaction with the multi-drug resistance protein 1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. The Biochemical journal 13 33843972
2018 Characterisation of two Toxoplasma PROPPINs homologous to Atg18/WIPI suggests they have evolved distinct specialised functions. PloS one 13 29659619
2022 Lysosome docking to WIPI1 rings and ER-connected phagophores occurs during DNAJB12- and GABARAP-dependent selective autophagy of misfolded P23H-rhodopsin. Molecular biology of the cell 12 35704470
2021 WIPI1 promotes osteosarcoma cell proliferation by inhibiting CDKN1A. Gene 12 33636294
2019 ATG-18 and EPG-6 are Both Required for Autophagy but Differentially Contribute to Lifespan Control in Caenorhabditis elegans. Cells 9 30871075
2023 Autophagic and non-autophagic functions of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PROPPINs Atg18, Atg21 and Hsv2. Biological chemistry 8 37139661
2023 The ABL-MYC axis controls WIPI1-enhanced autophagy in lifespan extension. Communications biology 8 37620393
2023 Atg18 oligomer organization in assembled tubes and on lipid membrane scaffolds. Nature communications 8 38057304
2015 ATG18 and FAB1 are involved in dehydration stress tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PloS one 8 25803831
2021 WIPI-1 inhibits metastasis and tumour growth via the WIPI-1-TRIM21 axis and MYC regulation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oral oncology 6 34689010
2019 Neuroendocrine regulation of fat metabolism by autophagy gene atg-18 in C. elegans dauer larvae. FEBS open bio 6 31368651
2023 Autophagy impairment and lifespan reduction caused by Atg1 RNAi or Atg18 RNAi expression in adult fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). Genetics 5 37594076
2021 Exploration of Autophagy Families in Legumes and Dissection of the ATG18 Family with a Special Focus on Phaseolus vulgaris. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 5 34961093
2024 Identification of autophagy-related genes ATG18 subfamily genes in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and the role of StATG18a gene in heat stress. Frontiers in plant science 4 39263419
2025 Chitooligosaccharides accelarate myelin clearance by Wipi1 mediated Schwann cell autophagy promoting peripheral nerve regeneration. Regenerative biomaterials 3 41018925
2025 WIPI1-mediated mitophagy dysfunction in ventricular remodeling associated with long-term diabetes mellitus. Cellular signalling 2 39961409
2025 Biomolecular condensates of ATG18 reshape ER for autophagy in plants. Developmental cell 2 40939587
2026 Autophagy-Independent Function of ATG-18 Is Essential for Gonadal Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging cell 1 41906348
2026 The Atg2-Atg18 complex interacts with the Atg1 complex to localize to the pre-autophagosomal structure in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecular biology of the cell 0 41563375
2026 Autophagy and stress tolerance in plants: the central role of ATG18-a review. Critical reviews in biotechnology 0 41692576
2026 Atg18 interaction positions Atg2 for efficient lipid transfer into phagophore elongation. The EMBO journal 0 42162239
2025 From Gene to Intervention: NLRC4 and WIPI1 Regulate Septic Acute Lung Injury Through Autophagy. Journal of inflammation research 0 40093959
2025 Atg18 facilitates autophagosome formation via its Atg8-interacting motif in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The FEBS journal 0 40956874

Missed literature

Know a paper Affinage missed for WIPI1? Flag it for the maintainers and the community.

No submissions yet.