| 2003 |
MARKK (TAOK1) is a Ste20-like kinase that acts as an upstream activator of MARK/PAR-1 by phosphorylating MARK within its activation loop at T208 (in MARK2). This phosphorylation activates MARK, leading to downstream phosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins (tau/MAP2/MAP4) at KXGS motifs, causing their detachment from microtubules and microtubule disassembly. |
In vitro kinase assay, phosphorylation site mapping, cell overexpression with readout of microtubule dynamics and tau phosphorylation |
The EMBO journal |
High |
14517247
|
| 2008 |
MARKK/TAOK1 interacts with Spred1 and TESK1 via yeast two-hybrid and cellular assays. TESK1 binds to and inhibits MARKK/TAOK1, thereby blocking MARKK-mediated microtubule disruption. Spred1 binds MARKK without affecting its activity but inhibits TESK1, thus making F-actin fibers dynamic. This three-way interaction links regulation of both the microtubule and F-actin cytoskeleton. |
Yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation, overexpression/knockdown in CHO cells with readout of microtubule and actin cytoskeletal organization |
Molecular biology of the cell |
High |
18216281
|
| 2006 |
PSK2 (TAOK1) activates JNK and induces apoptotic morphological changes (cell contraction, membrane blebbing, apoptotic body formation). PSK2 stimulates cleavage of ROCK-I, and both JNK and ROCK-I activities are required downstream of PSK2 to produce these apoptotic morphological responses. PSK2 is itself a substrate for caspase 3. Apoptotic stimuli increase endogenous PSK2 catalytic activity. |
Overexpression, dominant-negative JNK, pharmacological inhibitors, kinase activity assay, caspase substrate assay in cultured cells |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
16407310
|
| 2018 |
TAOK1 functions as a negative regulator of IL-17-mediated signaling. TAOK1 interacts with IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) independently of its kinase activity, and dose-dependently prevents formation of the IL-17R–Act1 complex, thereby suppressing downstream MAPK and NF-κB activation. TAOK1 knockdown promotes IL-17-induced cytokine/chemokine expression, and TAOK1-deficient mice show exacerbated colitis in a TNBS model. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, overexpression, TAOK1-deficient mouse model with inflammatory readout |
Cellular & molecular immunology |
High |
29400705
|
| 2020 |
TAOK1 positively regulates TLR4-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages by constitutively interacting with TRAF6 and TPL2, promoting LPS-induced ERK1/2 activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. TAOK1-deficient mice show decreased susceptibility to endotoxin shock. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, TAOK1-deficient mice with LPS/endotoxin shock model, cytokine measurement |
Molecular immunology |
High |
32344244
|
| 2023 |
TAOK1 functions as a plasma membrane remodeling kinase. It directly associates with phosphoinositides via a coiled-coil triple-helical region C-terminal to the kinase domain. Autophosphorylation of T440 and T443 in this triple-helical region by the kinase domain blocks plasma membrane association. NDD-associated TAOK1 mutants are catalytically inactive, aberrantly trapped in a membrane-bound state, and induce abnormal membrane protrusions and abnormal dendritic arbor growth in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons. |
Phosphoinositide binding assay, autophosphorylation assay, mutagenesis, expression in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons with morphological readout, in silico structural modeling |
Science signaling |
High |
36595571
|
| 2023 |
TAOK1 controls antiviral innate immune responses by constitutively associating with TBK1 (independently of MAVS), promoting IRF3 activation by enhancing TBK1-IRF3 complex formation. Viral infection induces TAOK1 to switch binding from MAP4 to dynein, facilitating trafficking of TBK1 along microtubules to the perinuclear region where it binds IRF3. Microtubule depolymerization impairs virus-mediated IRF3 activation. TAOK1 promotes type I IFN production in a kinase activity-dependent manner. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown, kinase-dead mutant, microtubule depolymerization experiments, reporter assay for IFN production |
Journal of innate immunity |
Medium |
36649698
|
| 2019 |
Loss of TAOK1 in patient-derived fibroblasts results in undetectable phosphorylated TAO1 kinase and phosphorylated tau, and alters mitochondrial morphology. Knockdown of the Drosophila ortholog Tao1 causes altered ventral nerve cord and neuromuscular junction morphology, decreased synaptic bouton number, and altered mitochondrial distribution and size in motor neuron axons. |
Patient-derived fibroblast analysis (Western blot for phospho-tau/phospho-TAO1), Drosophila Tao1 RNAi knockdown with NMJ/mitochondria imaging |
American journal of human genetics |
Medium |
31230721
|
| 2021 |
Altered TAOK1 expression levels in the embryonic mouse brain affect neural migration in vivo, and neuronal maturation in vitro. Missense variants can have loss-of-function or dominant-negative effects on TAOK1 activity. |
In utero electroporation for neural migration assay in mouse embryos, primary neuron cultures with TAOK1 manipulation |
Human mutation |
Medium |
33565190
|
| 2023 |
TAOK1 promotes the TAOK1/p38-MAPK/FoxO3 pathway in muscle to regulate protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy. CYA was found to directly bind TAOK1 (biotin-streptavidin pull-down, microscale thermophoresis), inhibiting its activation and downstream p38-MAPK signaling, reducing FoxO3 nuclear localization, and ameliorating muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. |
Biotin-streptavidin pull-down, microscale thermophoresis binding assay, siRNA knockdown, p38-MAPK pathway pharmacological activation/inhibition, Western blotting, C26 tumor-bearing mouse model |
Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle |
Medium |
37439183
|
| 2023 |
TAOK1 haploinsufficiency in mice leads to autistic-like behaviors associated with reduced activation of dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neurons during social interactions. Genetic deletion of Taok1 specifically in VGlut3-positive DRN neurons recapitulates the social behavior deficit. Reintroduction of wild-type TAOK1, but not a kinase-dead variant, into the DRN of adult mice rescues the autistic-like behaviors, indicating that TAOK1's kinase activity is required for normal social behavior. |
Conditional knockout (VGlut3-Cre), AAV rescue with wild-type vs. kinase-dead TAOK1, in vivo calcium imaging of DRN neurons during social interaction, phosphoproteomics |
Cell reports |
High |
37656623
|
| 2023 |
TAOK1 silencing in human hepatocytes inhibits ERK and JNK activation and represses acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) protein abundance, and TAOK1 protein colocalizes with intracellular lipid droplets in human and mouse hepatocytes. |
siRNA knockdown, immunofluorescence microscopy for colocalization with lipid droplets, Western blotting for ERK/JNK/ACC, functional metabolic assays |
Hepatology communications |
Medium |
36930872
|
| 2025 |
TAOK1 promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair by phosphorylating USP7, enhancing USP7 deubiquitylase activity and thereby preventing ubiquitylation and degradation of RAD51, which is required for RAD51 filament formation in HR repair. Genetic depletion or pharmacological inhibition of TAOK1 leads to RAD51 degradation, disrupted HR, and increased tumor cell sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. |
High-throughput kinase inhibitor screen, in vitro kinase assay (TAOK1 phosphorylates USP7), Co-IP, RAD51 ubiquitylation/degradation assay, HR repair reporter, PARP inhibitor sensitivity assay in human cancer cells |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
High |
40106350
|
| 2024 |
TAOK1 interacts with STK3 (MST2) to phosphorylate it, activating the Hippo kinase cascade and leading to YAP1 phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention. The lncRNA ELFN1-AS1 binds the kinase domain of TAOK1 and disrupts the TAOK1-STK3 interaction, reducing STK3 phosphorylation, decreasing YAP1 phosphorylation, and promoting YAP1 nuclear translocation and MYC expression. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down (ELFN1-AS1 with TAOK1), phosphorylation assay for STK3, YAP1 localization by imaging, rescue experiments |
Cell death discovery |
Medium |
39528458
|
| 2024 |
TAOK1 interacts with CDC20 as shown by co-immunoprecipitation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. TAOK1 overexpression counteracts ox-LDL-induced apoptosis, senescence, and pro-inflammatory signaling; these protective effects are reversed by CDC20 siRNA knockdown. |
Co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA knockdown of CDC20, overexpression, flow cytometry for apoptosis, β-galactosidase staining for senescence |
Discovery medicine |
Low |
39726311
|
| 2025 |
Schip1 interacts with Taok1 to activate the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, promoting osteoclast differentiation. Suppression of Schip1 reduces Rankl-induced osteoclast formation, and Schip1 genetic ablation in mice results in osteosclerosis and protection from ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. |
Co-immunoprecipitation (Schip1-Taok1 interaction), siRNA knockdown, genetic ablation in mice, osteoclast differentiation assay, ovariectomy model |
Bone |
Medium |
40633827
|
| 2025 |
TAOK1 regulates replication fork (RF) stability in a kinase activity-independent manner. TAOK1 depletion stabilizes replication forks and reduces replication-associated DNA damage in BRCA1/2-deficient cells, conferring resistance to PARP inhibitors and ionizing radiation. TAOK1 interacts with PCNA and regulates ISG15 levels to affect RF stability. |
siRNA/genetic depletion, DNA fiber assay for RF stability, Co-IP with PCNA, ISG15 level measurement, PARP inhibitor and IR sensitivity assays in BRCA1/2-deficient cells |
bioRxivpreprint |
Medium |
|
| 2025 |
TAOK1 MAPK signaling is activated downstream of GADD45B (a DNA demethylation sensor). Betulin increases DNA methylation at the TAOK1 promoter and decreases TAOK1 expression, attenuating p38 MAPK activation and reducing apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells during sepsis. Overexpression of GADD45B or TAOK1 reversed the anti-apoptotic effect of betulin. |
qMSP (methylation-specific PCR), Western blotting, overexpression rescue, CLP mouse model, LPS-induced IEC-6 cell model |
Journal of ethnopharmacology |
Low |
40653040
|