Affinage

SLN

Sarcolipin · UniProt O00631

Length
31 aa
Mass
3.8 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
79 papers in source corpus 7 papers cited in narrative 8 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

Sarcolipin (SLN) is a 31-amino acid single-pass transmembrane proteolipid that regulates sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ handling by associating with and inhibiting the SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), with SLN highly co-expressed with SERCA1 in fast-twitch skeletal muscle and acting on SERCA2 in cardiac tissue (PMID:9367679, PMID:17010328). Structurally it resembles phospholamban, with a cytoplasmic N-terminus, a single transmembrane helix, and a conserved lumenal C-terminus (PMID:9367679). Functionally, SLN uncouples the SERCA pump to drive a futile Ca2+ cycle that consumes ATP and produces heat, a mechanism engaged during conditions that activate non-shivering thermogenesis through the CaMKII/AMPK/PGC1α axis (PMID:38387135). Consistent with this metabolic role, loss of SLN in human myotubes impairs glucose and fatty-acid oxidation, lowers mitochondrial respiration, and promotes lipid accumulation, establishing SLN as required for normal substrate utilization and metabolic homeostasis in skeletal muscle (PMID:35364719). SLN expression is controlled transcriptionally: the AP-1 complex directly drives Sln transcription downstream of a glucose-6-phosphate signal, and elevated Sln in this context intensifies myocardial damage in doxorubicin cardiotoxicity (PMID:40184586). Beyond muscle, SLN regulates SERCA-dependent intracellular Ca2+ dynamics downstream of neurotransmitter signaling in sweat gland myoepithelial cells to specify stem cell fate (PMID:37745514).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 7 steps
  1. 1997 High

    Established the molecular identity, topology, and tissue distribution of SLN, defining it as a phospholamban-like proteolipid co-purifying with SERCA1 in fast-twitch skeletal muscle.

    Evidence cDNA/genomic isolation, sequence and chromosomal mapping, and Northern tissue profiling

    PMID:9367679

    Open questions at the time
    • Co-purification does not demonstrate direct functional regulation of SERCA
    • Topological model inferred from PLN homology, not directly resolved
    • Functional consequence of the conserved lumenal C-terminus not tested
  2. 2006 Medium

    Extended SLN's inhibitory action to the cardiac SERCA2 isoform and tested, with a negative result, whether SLN coding mutations cause human arrhythmias.

    Evidence SSCP/heteroduplex screening and sequencing of SLN coding region in arrhythmia patient cohorts

    PMID:17010328

    Open questions at the time
    • SERCA2 inhibition stated as background rather than demonstrated here
    • Non-coding/regulatory SLN variants not screened
    • No mechanistic dissection of SLN-SERCA2 interaction
  3. 2022 Medium

    Showed SLN is required for normal fuel oxidation in human skeletal muscle, linking its Ca2+-handling role to whole-cell metabolic homeostasis.

    Evidence Stable shRNA knockdown in human myotubes with radiolabeled substrate oxidation, Seahorse respirometry, lipid staining, and gene expression

    PMID:35364719

    Open questions at the time
    • Metabolic phenotype not mechanistically tied to SERCA Ca2+ cycling in this study
    • Single cell model, single lab
    • Causality of PGC1α/FOXO1 downregulation versus consequence unresolved
  4. 2024 Medium

    Provided in vivo gain-of-function evidence that SLN-mediated SERCA uncoupling drives non-shivering thermogenesis via the CaMKII/AMPK/PGC1α axis.

    Evidence Chronic melatonin treatment in obese diabetic rats with western blots, SERCA activity assays, and infrared thermometry

    PMID:38387135

    Open questions at the time
    • Pharmacological intervention; SLN increase is correlated rather than directly manipulated
    • Direct measurement of futile Ca2+ cycling not performed
    • Single lab
  5. 2025 High

    Identified the AP-1 transcription factor as a direct upstream driver of Sln expression downstream of a G6P metabolic signal, placing SLN in a pathogenic cardiac stress pathway.

    Evidence Cardiac-specific Slc25a49 knockout mice with doxorubicin, RNA-seq, metabolomics, ChIP, and dual-luciferase reporter assays

    PMID:40184586

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which elevated Sln intensifies myocardial damage not fully resolved
    • Whether the G6P-AP-1-Sln axis operates in skeletal muscle untested
    • AP-1 subunit composition driving Sln transcription not specified
  6. 2023 Medium

    Extended SLN's role beyond muscle, showing it regulates SERCA-dependent intracellular Ca2+ downstream of neurotransmitter signaling to control sweat gland stem cell fate.

    Evidence Denervation and SLN loss-of-function in sweat gland myoepithelial cells with Ca2+ imaging and cell-fate marker analysis (preprint)

    PMID:37745514

    Open questions at the time
    • Preprint, not yet peer-reviewed
    • Single lab, single system
    • Direct biochemical SLN-SERCA interaction in this cell type not shown
  7. 2023 Low

    Tested evolutionary conservation of the SLN-SERCA thermogenic program in an ectotherm using cold-induced transcriptional responses.

    Evidence Cold challenge with RT-qPCR of sln and serca1 in medaka skeletal muscle

    PMID:37844835

    Open questions at the time
    • Transcript-level data only without functional assay of SERCA uncoupling
    • Single method, single lab
    • Correlation between sln induction and actual thermogenesis not measured

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How SLN structurally engages SERCA to switch between inhibition and uncoupling, and what signals toggle this in vivo, remains unresolved.
  • No structural model of the SLN-SERCA complex in the corpus
  • Molecular determinants of uncoupling versus simple inhibition undefined
  • Tissue-specific regulators beyond AP-1 uncharacterized

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0098772 molecular function regulator activity 3
Localization
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum 1
Partners
SERCA1SERCA2

Evidence

Reading pass · 8 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
1997 Human sarcolipin (SLN) encodes a 31-amino acid protein that co-purifies with the fast-twitch skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA1). Homology with phospholamban (PLN) indicates a cytoplasmic N-terminus (residues 1–7), a single transmembrane helix (residues 8–26), and a lumenal C-terminus (residues 27–31) with a highly conserved lumenal sequence across species. The SLN gene maps to chromosome 11q22–q23 and has a two-exon structure similar to PLN. cDNA/genomic DNA isolation, sequence analysis, chromosomal mapping, tissue expression analysis Genomics High 9367679
1997 SLN is highly expressed in fast-twitch skeletal muscle (co-expressed with SERCA1), expressed at lower levels in slow-twitch and cardiac muscle (where SERCA2a and phospholamban predominate), and expressed only in trace amounts in pancreas and prostate, establishing tissue-specific co-expression of SLN with SERCA1. Northern blot / tissue expression analysis Genomics High 9367679
2006 Sarcolipin inhibits the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase pump SERCA2 in cardiac tissue. Screening of the SLN coding region in patients with atrial fibrillation, long QT syndrome, and sudden arrhythmic death syndrome revealed no mutations in the coding sequence, indicating that coding-region SLN mutations are not a frequent cause of these arrhythmic disorders. SSCP/heteroduplex analysis and sequencing of SLN coding region in patient cohorts Clinica chimica acta Medium 17010328
2022 Stable knockdown of SLN in human skeletal muscle cells (myotubes) reduces glucose oxidation, oleic acid oxidation, and basal mitochondrial respiration. SLN-KD cells show increased lipid accumulation, elevated lipid formation from de novo lipogenesis, and reduced expression of PGC1α and FOXO1, demonstrating that SLN is required for normal substrate (fuel) utilization and metabolic homeostasis in human skeletal muscle. Stable shRNA knockdown, radiolabeled substrate oxidation assays, Seahorse respirometry, gene expression analysis, Oil Red O staining Molecular biology reports Medium 35364719
2024 Chronic melatonin treatment in obese Zücker diabetic fatty rats increases SLN protein levels in vastus lateralis skeletal muscle, raises SERCA2 (but not SERCA1) expression, and enhances SERCA activity, resulting in uncoupling of the SERCA–SLN futile Ca2+ cycle. This is accompanied by activation of the CaMKII/AMPK/PGC1α thermogenic axis, increased mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduced body weight gain, establishing that SLN-mediated SERCA uncoupling drives non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) in skeletal muscle. In vivo melatonin treatment, western blotting (SLN, SERCA1, SERCA2, PGC1α, PPARγ, NRF1, P-CaMKII, P-AMPK), SERCA activity assay, infrared thermometry, echocardiography Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy Medium 38387135
2023 In sweat gland myoepithelial cells, sarcolipin (SLN) is a key regulator of SERCA, and its expression is significantly down-regulated upon sympathetic denervation. Loss of SLN leads to decreased intracellular Ca2+ in response to acetylcholine stimulation and causes myoepithelial (basal) cells to upregulate luminal cell features, showing that SLN-mediated intracellular Ca2+ regulation downstream of neurotransmitter signaling specifies sweat gland stem cell fate. Denervation experiments, SLN loss-of-function in sweat gland myoepithelial cells, intracellular Ca2+ imaging, cell-fate marker analysis, cell culture Ca2+ manipulation bioRxivpreprint Medium 37745514
2025 In a doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy model, cardiac-specific ablation of Slc25a49 in cardiomyocytes leads to enhanced glycolysis, elevated glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), and activation of the AP-1 transcription factor complex, which in turn transcriptionally upregulates Sarcolipin (Sln) expression. Elevated Sln intensifies myocardial damage, placing Sln downstream of the G6P–AP-1 axis in doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that AP-1 directly drives Sln transcription. Cardiac-specific Slc25a49 knockout mice, doxorubicin treatment, bulk RNA-seq, metabolomics, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), dual-luciferase reporter assay, echocardiography, histology Advanced science High 40184586
2023 Sarcolipin (sln) and SERCA1 (serca1) transcript levels increase significantly in skeletal muscle of Japanese medaka subjected to cold challenge, with elevated expression seen in both slow-twitch red and fast-twitch white muscle, supporting a conserved transcriptional program linking SLN to non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) via futile Ca2+ cycling through SERCA uncoupling in ectothermic fish. Cold challenge in vivo, RT-qPCR of sln and serca1 transcripts from dissected skeletal muscle Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A Low 37844835

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 79 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2011 20 years of lipid nanoparticles (SLN and NLC): present state of development and industrial applications. Current drug discovery technologies 334 21291409
2011 Preparation, characterization and biocompatibility studies on risperidone-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN): high pressure homogenization versus ultrasound. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 182 21530187
2005 Characterisation of surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN): influence of lecithin and nonionic emulsifier. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V 169 16011893
1999 Enzymatic degradation of SLN-effect of surfactant and surfactant mixtures. International journal of pharmaceutics 136 10089289
1997 Characterization of the gene encoding human sarcolipin (SLN), a proteolipid associated with SERCA1: absence of structural mutations in five patients with Brody disease. Genomics 133 9367679
2007 Studies on oral absorption of stearic acid SLN by a novel fluorometric method. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 126 17446050
2000 Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of solid lipid nanospheres (SLN) incorporating doxorubicin or paclitaxel. International journal of pharmaceutics 125 11163988
2022 Physicochemical and biopharmaceutical aspects influencing skin permeation and role of SLN and NLC for skin drug delivery. Heliyon 121 35198788
2016 Lipid nanoparticles (SLN, NLC): Overcoming the anatomical and physiological barriers of the eye - Part II - Ocular drug-loaded lipid nanoparticles. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V 111 27789359
2001 Surfactant, but not the size of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) influences viability and cytokine production of macrophages. International journal of pharmaceutics 108 11397567
2005 Protein adsorption patterns on poloxamer- and poloxamine-stabilized solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN). European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V 92 15996577
1999 Gibberellin 2-oxidation and the SLN gene of Pisum sativum. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 88 10417727
2004 Application of novel solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN)-gene vector formulations based on a dimeric HIV-1 TAT-peptide in vitro and in vivo. Pharmaceutical research 75 15497694
2018 Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity of citral: Optimization of citral-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) using experimental factorial design and LUMiSizer®. International journal of pharmaceutics 69 30385373
2017 Performance of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in high-risk endometrial cancer. Gynecologic oncology 56 28942993
2017 Formulation of piperine solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drug development and industrial pharmacy 51 28161984
2009 Novel cationic SLN containing a synthesized single-tailed lipid as a modifier for gene delivery. Nanotechnology 51 19423923
2010 Chitosan-associated SLN: in vitro and ex vivo characterization of cyclosporine A loaded ophthalmic systems. Journal of microencapsulation 49 21034366
2020 Loading, release profile and accelerated stability assessment of monoterpenes-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN). Pharmaceutical development and technology 45 32204628
2010 The influence of lipid characteristics on the formation, in vitro release, and in vivo absorption of protein-loaded SLN prepared by the double emulsion process. Drug development and industrial pharmacy 45 20578879
2021 In Vitro Studies on Nasal Formulations of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN). Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) 42 34451808
2001 Central GABAergic mechanisms are involved in apnea induced by SLN stimulation in piglets. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 35 11247962
2018 Retrospective validation of the laparoscopic ICG SLN mapping in patients with grade 3 endometrial cancer. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 33 29691646
2017 Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) for prescreening formulation of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN): in vitro testing of curcumin-loaded SLN in MCF-7 and BT-474 cell lines. Pharmaceutical development and technology 32 28949267
2004 Cytotoxicity studies of Dynasan 114 solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) on RAW 264.7 macrophages-impact of phagocytosis on viability and cytokine production. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 32 15233867
2020 Perillaldehyde 1,2-epoxide Loaded SLN-Tailored mAb: Production, Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Profile in MCF-7 Cell Lines. Pharmaceutics 30 32079103
2019 Preparation and investigation of indirubin-loaded SLN nanoparticles and their anti-cancer effects on human glioblastoma U87MG cells. Cell biology international 30 30080277
2016 Microencapsulated SLN: An innovative strategy for pulmonary protein delivery. International journal of pharmaceutics 26 27864069
2015 Evidence of Th2 polarization of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) in melanoma. Oncoimmunology 26 26405583
2020 Topical Administration of SLN-Based Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Corneal Inflammation by De Novo IL-10 Production. Pharmaceutics 24 32586018
2016 Does the commonly used pH-stat method with back titration really quantify the enzymatic digestibility of lipid drug delivery systems? A case study on solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN). European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V 24 27789354
2020 Solid-lipid nanoparticles (SLN)s containing Zataria multiflora essential oil with no-cytotoxicity and potent repellent activity against Anopheles stephensi. Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology 23 33746393
2022 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded with Nisin (SLN-Nisin) are More Effective Than Free Nisin as Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Anticancer Agents. Journal of biomedical nanotechnology 22 35854440
2013 Synergetic effect of SLN-curcumin and LDH-5-Fu on SMMC-7721 liver cancer cell line. Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals 22 23808828
2006 The variation of the sarcolipin gene (SLN) in atrial fibrillation, long QT syndrome and sudden arrhythmic death syndrome. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 21 17010328
2019 Optimization of nimesulide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) by factorial design, release profile and cytotoxicity in human Colon adenocarcinoma cell line. Pharmaceutical development and technology 20 30477410
2000 Effect of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) on cytokine production and the viability of murine peritoneal macrophages. Journal of microencapsulation 20 11038122
2022 PEGylated SLN as a Promising Approach for Lymphatic Delivery of Gefitinib to Lung Cancer. International journal of nanomedicine 19 35924261
2016 Self-assembly PEGylation assists SLN-paclitaxel delivery inducing cancer cell apoptosis upon internalization. International journal of pharmaceutics 17 26853316
2015 Factorial Design and Development of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) for Gene Delivery. Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology 17 26353734
2009 The effect of glycolic acid monomer ratio on the emulsifying activity of PLGA in preparation of protein-loaded SLN. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 16 19717285
2024 Chronic melatonin treatment improves obesity by inducing uncoupling of skeletal muscle SERCA-SLN mediated by CaMKII/AMPK/PGC1α pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis in female and male Zücker diabetic fatty rats. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 15 38387135
2023 ACD15, ACD21, and SLN regulate the accumulation and mobility of MBD6 to silence genes and transposable elements. Science advances 15 37967186
2017 Effective Delivery Routes And Strategies For Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (Sln) And Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (Nlc). Current pharmaceutical design 15 29173154
2002 Comparison of SLN-evoked swallows during rest and chewing in the freely behaving rabbit. Brain research 15 12426048
2021 Increased Therapeutic Efficacy of SLN Containing Etofenamate and Ibuprofen in Topical Treatment of Inflammation. Pharmaceutics 14 33802592
2021 Co-encapsulation of tertinoin and resveratrol by solid lipid nanocarrier (SLN) improves mice in vitro matured oocyte/ morula-compact stage embryo development. Theriogenology 14 33993057
2016 The Effect of Millisecond Pulsed Electric Fields (msPEF) on Intracellular Drug Transport with Negatively Charged Large Nanocarriers Made of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN): In Vitro Study. The Journal of membrane biology 14 27173678
2011 The role of protamine amount in the transfection performance of cationic SLN designed as a gene nanocarrier. Drug delivery 14 22070724
2019 Robotic sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in endometrial cancer: SLN symmetry and implications of mapping failure. International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society 13 31857439
2007 The location of small tumor deposits in the SLN predicts Non-SLN macrometastases in breast cancer patients. European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology 13 17764886
2022 Design and Preparation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN)-Mediated DNA Vaccines. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 11 34918255
2012 Design flexibility influencing the in vitro behavior of cationic SLN as a nonviral gene vector. International journal of pharmaceutics 11 22982257
2020 Filgrastim loading in PLGA and SLN nanoparticulate system: a bioinformatics approach. Drug development and industrial pharmacy 10 32643442
2012 Formation of solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN)-gene vector complexes for transfection of mammalian cells in vitro. Cold Spring Harbor protocols 10 22383641
2019 Emulsifier Composition of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) Affects Mechanical and Barrier Properties of SLN-Protein Composite Films. Journal of food science 7 31774560
2001 The effect of formulation and concentration of cholesteryl butyrate solid lipid nanospheres (SLN) on NIH-H460 cell proliferation. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V 7 11522486
2025 Cardiac Slc25a49-Mediated Energy Reprogramming Governs Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy through the G6P-AP-1-Sln Axis. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 6 40184586
2023 The Integrated i31-GEP Test Outperforms the MSKCC Nomogram at Predicting SLN Status in Melanoma Patients. Anticancer research 6 37772588
2016 Skin Localization of Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN/NLC): Focusing the Influence of Formulation Parameters. Current drug delivery 6 26725723
2007 Validity of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection following adjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Technology in cancer research & treatment 6 17994797
2018 Vitamin E TPGS Emulsified Vinorelbine Bitartrate Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN): Formulation Development, Optimization and In vitro Characterization. Current drug delivery 5 29629662
2025 Enhanced lymphatic transportation of SLN by mimicking oligopeptide transportation route. Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences 4 40503058
2024 Cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) complexed with plasmid DNA enhance prostate cancer cells (PC-3) migration. Nanotoxicology 4 38300021
2023 Sarcolipin (sln) and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum calcium ATPase pump (serca1) expression increase in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) skeletal muscle tissue following cold challenge. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology 4 37844835
2022 Knockdown of sarcolipin (SLN) impairs substrate utilization in human skeletal muscle cells. Molecular biology reports 4 35364719
2023 Neurotransmitter signaling specifies sweat gland stem cell fate through SLN-mediated intracellular calcium regulation. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 3 37745514
2020 The Effects of Mutual Interaction of Orexin-A and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Reflex Swallowing Induced by SLN Afferents in Rats. International journal of molecular sciences 3 32580304
2018 Maspin mRNA expression in sentinel lymph nodes predicts non-SLN metastasis in breast cancer patients with SLN metastasis. Histopathology 3 30035819
2024 Relative sarcolipin (SLN) and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA1) transcripts levels in closely related endothermic and ectothermic scombrid fishes: Implications for molecular basis of futile calcium cycle non-shivering thermogenesis (NST). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology 2 38782254
2023 ACD15, ACD21 and SLN regulate accumulation and mobility of MBD6 to silence genes and transposable elements. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2 37662299
2025 Enhanced Cytotoxic Effects of Docetaxel-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN-DTX) on Gastric Adenocarcinoma In Vitro. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 1 40838679
2024 Exploring the interplay between the TGF-βpathway and SLN-mediated transfection: implications for gene delivery efficiency in prostate cancer and non-cancer cells. Nanotechnology 1 38688253
1990 DNA rearrangements of the int region in spontaneous mouse mammary tumors of SHN/S and SLN/S mice. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) 1 2156546
2026 Orthogonal viability assays and high-content phenotyping identify enhanced cytotoxicity of SLN-pDNA complexes and heightened sensitivity in PC-3 cells. Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA 0 42114688
2026 Production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against oralcarcinoma & its bioconjugation with solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) for drug delivery. Discover oncology 0 42191970
2025 Step-by-step combination of 99mTc and ICG with endoscopic near infrared cameras in SLN mapping early-stage vulvar cancer. Gynecologic oncology reports 0 39975566
2022 Predictive Factors for Unnecessary Axillary Dissection According to SLN Metastasis in T1, T2 Stage Breast Cancer. Indian journal of surgical oncology 0 36687257
2014 Blue dye injection does not induce dissemination of epithelial cells during SLN procedure in colon cancer patients. International journal of colorectal disease 0 24763756

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