Affinage

SLC17A7

Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 · UniProt Q9P2U7

Length
560 aa
Mass
61.6 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
100 papers in source corpus 24 papers cited in narrative 24 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 5/5 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

SLC17A7/VGLUT1 is a synaptic vesicle glutamate transporter whose expression level sets the quantal content of glutamatergic neurotransmission: targeted deletion selectively reduces quantal size and overexpression enhances it (PMID:15103023), and the number of transporter molecules per vesicle dictates the vesicular fill level as a dynamic equilibrium that scales presynaptic quantal amplitude (PMID:15987952, PMID:35989711). Mechanistically, VGLUT1 operates as a glutamate/proton exchanger coupled to an intrinsic channel-like Cl⁻ conductance; reconstituted transporter is itself the major vesicular Cl⁻ permeation pathway, with luminal Cl⁻ facilitating membrane-potential-driven glutamate uptake (PMID:19169251), and in intact neurons internalized Cl⁻ is exchanged for glutamate in an electroneutral manner driven by the v-ATPase proton motive force (PMID:29273736). Beyond transport, a C-terminal polyproline motif (Pro2, PPRPPPP) unique to VGLUT1 recruits endophilin A1/A3 and intersectin1, linking the transporter to fast endocytic recycling and to synaptic vesicle clustering that constrains the axonal super-pool and tunes spontaneous release frequency (PMID:16710756, PMID:31663854). At the circuit level, VGLUT1-mediated glutamate signaling drives mGluR5-dependent maturation of cortical astroglia (PMID:25122895), shapes serotonergic tone in the dorsal raphe (PMID:23168115), and mediates glutamate co-release from cholinergic medial habenula neurons that opposes nicotine reinforcement (PMID:34876472). VGLUT1 expression is epigenetically controlled by a KDM6B–Tau axis in which nuclear Tau recruits the H3K27 demethylase KDM6B to the Slc17a7 promoter to demethylate H3K27me3 and induce transcription (PMID:36028572, PMID:30664870).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 15 steps
  1. 2004 High

    Established that VGLUT1 abundance is the rate-limiting determinant of quantal glutamate content, answering whether the transporter merely permits or actively scales synaptic strength.

    Evidence VGLUT1-null mice with electrophysiology of miniature/evoked EPSCs and viral overexpression rescue

    PMID:15103023

    Open questions at the time
    • Did not resolve the molecular transport mechanism
    • Did not address vesicle-per-molecule stoichiometry quantitatively
  2. 2005 High

    Quantified that the number of transporter molecules per vesicle directly sets fill level via a dynamic filling equilibrium, providing a presynaptic mechanism for scaling quantal amplitude.

    Evidence In vitro synaptic vesicle uptake assay with neuronal overexpression/knockdown and EPSC biophysics

    PMID:15987952

    Open questions at the time
    • Ionic coupling mechanism of transport not yet defined
    • Number of molecules per vesicle inferred indirectly
  3. 2009 High

    Identified VGLUT1 itself, not ClC-3, as the vesicular Cl⁻ permeation pathway, revealing a transport mode in which luminal Cl⁻ promotes potential-driven glutamate loading.

    Evidence Reconstitution of purified VGLUT1 in proteoliposomes, ion flux assays, comparison with ClC-3 KO vesicles

    PMID:19169251

    Open questions at the time
    • Structural basis of Cl⁻/glutamate coupling unresolved
    • Relationship to proton gradient not fully defined in this assay
  4. 2017 High

    Defined VGLUT1 in intact neurons as a glutamate/proton exchanger with channel-like Cl⁻ conductance, reconciling reconstituted and cellular behavior into an electroneutral fill mechanism.

    Evidence Live-cell pH- and Cl⁻-sensitive fluorescent probes in WT and VGLUT1-KO hippocampal neurons

    PMID:29273736

    Open questions at the time
    • Stoichiometry of H⁺/glutamate/Cl⁻ exchange not quantified
    • Structural mechanism of channel-like conductance unknown
  5. 2006 Medium

    Demonstrated that a VGLUT1-specific C-terminal polyproline motif (Pro2) selectively binds endophilin 1/3, linking the isoform to a fast endocytic recycling pathway absent from VGLUT2/3.

    Evidence Yeast two-hybrid with VGLUT1 C-terminus, polyproline mutagenesis, neuronal co-localization

    PMID:16710756

    Open questions at the time
    • Single lab, in vivo functional consequence not yet shown
    • Direct binding not validated by reciprocal in vivo assays at this stage
  6. 2019 High

    Showed the Pro2 motif organizes synaptic vesicle clustering through endophilinA1 and intersectin1, establishing VGLUT1 as a regulator of super-pool size and spontaneous release beyond its transport role.

    Evidence Pro2 domain deletion, live SV imaging, Co-IP with endophilinA1/intersectin1, mEPSC analysis

    PMID:31663854

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism linking clustering to release frequency not fully resolved
    • Relative contributions of endophilinA1 vs intersectin1 unclear
  7. 2017 Medium

    Linked VGLUT1 endocytic recycling to circadian state, showing phosphorylation-dependent, period-2-controlled diurnal variation in endophilin binding.

    Evidence SH3 pull-down from brains at four circadian time points, period-2 mutant and constant-darkness controls

    PMID:29199069

    Open questions at the time
    • Kinase responsible for VGLUT1 phosphorylation not identified
    • Physiological output of diurnal recycling changes untested
  8. 2014 Low

    Broadened the VGLUT1 C-terminal interactome to actin adaptors, ubiquitin ligases, and tyrosine kinases, hinting at additional recycling regulation.

    Evidence In vitro pull-down screen with VGLUT1 C-terminal fragments and mass spectrometry

    PMID:25334008

    Open questions at the time
    • No functional validation of individual interactions
    • Interactions not confirmed in neurons or in vivo
  9. 2014 High

    Drove postnatal astroglial maturation through VGLUT1⁺ glutamatergic activity acting on astroglial mGluR5, extending VGLUT1 function to non-neuronal circuit development.

    Evidence VGluT1 KO mice, astroglial morphometry, EM of perisynaptic processes, mGluR5 ablation epistasis

    PMID:25122895

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether glutamate is the sole signal not excluded
    • Direct astroglial sensing mechanism beyond mGluR5 untested
  10. 2012 Medium

    Implicated VGLUT1-dependent glutamate innervation in serotonergic homeostasis of the dorsal raphe.

    Evidence VGLUT1+/- mice with IHC, 5-HT turnover, electrophysiology, and autoreceptor coupling assays

    PMID:23168115

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct synaptic connectivity not mapped
    • Heterozygous model leaves dose-dependence unclear
  11. 2022 High

    Established cell-type-specific glutamate co-release from cholinergic medial habenula neurons via VGLUT1 as a brake on nicotine reinforcement, connecting transporter function to behavior.

    Evidence ChAT-Cre conditional Slc17a7 KO, FISH/IHC, optogenetic EPSC recording in IPN, nicotine self-administration

    PMID:34876472

    Open questions at the time
    • Downstream IPN circuit mediating behavior not delineated
    • Generalizability to other co-releasing populations untested
  12. 2022 High

    Identified an epigenetic control circuit for VGLUT1, showing nuclear Tau recruits KDM6B to demethylate H3K27me3 at the Slc17a7 promoter to induce expression; building on earlier evidence that nuclear Tau detached from microtubules promotes VGluT1 transcription and that the P301L mutation abolishes it.

    Evidence Conditional KDM6B KO, ChIP-seq, Tau–KDM6B Co-IP, promoter H3K27me3 ChIP and rescue; nuclear Tau fractionation and P301L mutant experiments

    PMID:30664870 PMID:36028572

    Open questions at the time
    • Signals controlling Tau nuclear localization not defined
    • Other promoter regulators not mapped
  13. 2014 Medium

    Defined AβPP as a negative regulator of VGLUT1, physically interacting with the transporter at vesicles and repressing its expression.

    Evidence Pull-down, Co-IP, split-ubiquitin Y2H, MS proteomics, AβPP siRNA knockdown in PC12 cells and in vivo

    PMID:33896843

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism by which AβPP represses expression unknown
    • Single lab, physiological relevance in neurons untested
  14. 2005 Medium

    Revealed coupled regulation of vesicular neurotransmitter content, with VGLUT1 and ZnT3 co-targeted to the same vesicles and reciprocally enhancing glutamate and zinc uptake.

    Evidence Subcellular fractionation, deconvolution microscopy, flow cytometry uptake assays in PC12 cells with AP-3 perturbation

    PMID:15860731

    Open questions at the time
    • Mechanism of reciprocal uptake enhancement unresolved
    • Demonstrated in PC12 cells rather than neurons
  15. 2011 High

    Showed VGLUT1-bearing vesicles are dynamically shared between boutons in vivo and scale with network homeostasis, and that Ia afferent VGLUT1 synapses are lost by axon retraction after nerve injury.

    Evidence VGLUT1-Venus knock-in mice with two-photon FRAP imaging; intracellular-filled Ia afferents with quantitative IF after nerve transection

    PMID:21832035 PMID:22031900

    Open questions at the time
    • Molecular machinery of inter-bouton vesicle sharing unknown
    • Triggers for synapse retraction vs downregulation not separated mechanistically

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • The structural basis of VGLUT1's coupled glutamate/H⁺ exchange and Cl⁻ conductance, and how upstream signals coordinate its transport activity, vesicle clustering, and transcriptional regulation across circuits, remain unresolved.
  • No high-resolution structure or ion-coupling stoichiometry in the corpus
  • Integration of recycling, clustering, and epigenetic control into a unified regulatory model not established

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0005215 transporter activity 5 GO:0140104 molecular carrier activity 2 GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity 1
Localization
GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle 5 GO:0005886 plasma membrane 2
Pathway
R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System 4 R-HSA-5653656 Vesicle-mediated transport 3 R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) 2
Partners
APPITSN1KDM6BMAPTSH3GL2VGATVGLUT2ZNT3

Evidence

Reading pass · 24 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2004 VGLUT1 expression level determines the amount of glutamate loaded into synaptic vesicles and released per quantal event; targeted deletion drastically reduces glutamatergic neurotransmission with a specific reduction in quantal size, and overexpression rescues and enhances quantal amplitude. Targeted gene knockout (VGLUT1-null mice), electrophysiological recording of miniature and evoked EPSCs, viral overexpression rescue experiments Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America High 15103023
2005 The number of VGLUT1 transporter molecules per synaptic vesicle directly determines glutamate fill level and quantal size; in isolated synaptic vesicles, filling is a dynamic equilibrium dependent on both glutamate concentration and transporter number. Endogenous modulation of VGLUT1 expression (by activity or development) provides a presynaptic mechanism for scaling quantal amplitude. In vitro synaptic vesicle glutamate uptake assay, overexpression and knockdown in hippocampal neurons, biophysical analysis of miniature and evoked EPSCs The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience High 15987952
2009 VGLUT1 itself, not ClC-3, is the major Cl⁻ permeation pathway in synaptic vesicles. The biphasic dependence of glutamate transport on extravesicular Cl⁻ results from Cl⁻ permeating through VGLUT1; high luminal Cl⁻ enhances glutamate loading by facilitating membrane-potential-driven uptake, revealing a previously unrecognized transport mode. Reconstitution of purified VGLUT1 into proteoliposomes, ion flux assays, comparison with ClC-3 knockout vesicles Nature neuroscience High 19169251
2017 In intact hippocampal neurons, VGLUT1 functions as a glutamate/proton exchanger associated with a channel-like Cl⁻ conductance; after endocytosis, internalized Cl⁻ is substituted by glutamate in an electrically and osmotically neutral manner driven by both the Cl⁻ gradient and the proton motive force of the v-ATPase. Live-cell imaging with pH-sensitive and Cl⁻-sensitive fluorescent probes in cultured hippocampal neurons from WT and VGLUT1-KO mice Nature communications High 29273736
2006 VGLUT1 selectively binds endophilin 1 and endophilin 3 via its C-terminal polyproline motif Pro2 (PPRPPPP), which is unique to VGLUT1 and absent from VGLUT2/3; this interaction recruits VGLUT1 to a fast endocytic recycling pathway at excitatory synapses. Yeast two-hybrid library screen with VGLUT1 C-terminus as bait, polyproline motif mutagenesis, co-localization by immunofluorescence in rat neocortical neurons Cellular and molecular neurobiology Medium 16710756
2019 VGLUT1's second proline-rich domain (Pro2) interacts with endophilinA1 and intersectin1 to strengthen synaptic vesicle (SV) clustering, reducing the axonal SV super-pool size and miniature excitatory event frequency; this identifies VGLUT1 as a regulator of SV organization and spontaneous release in mammals. Live imaging of SV dynamics, genetic deletion of Pro2 domain in VGLUT1, co-immunoprecipitation with endophilinA1 and intersectin1, analysis of mEPSC frequency eLife High 31663854
2014 VGluT1⁺ neuronal glutamatergic signaling, mediated via astroglial mGluR5 receptors, drives postnatal maturation of cortical protoplasmic astroglia including process arborization and induction of GLT1; loss of VGluT1⁺ synaptic activity (VGluT1 KO) reduces astroglial domain growth and perisynaptic ensheathment. VGluT1 KO mice, in vivo astroglial morphology quantification, electron microscopy of perisynaptic processes, pharmacological/genetic inhibition of mGluR5 in astroglia The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience High 25122895
2005 VGLUT1 and ZnT3 are co-targeted to the same synaptic-like microvesicles in PC12 cells via AP-3-dependent mechanisms; VGLUT1 expression increases vesicular zinc uptake, and ZnT3 expression increases vesicular glutamate uptake in a zinc-dependent manner, indicating coupled regulation of neurotransmitter content. Subcellular fractionation, deconvolution microscopy, flow cytometry measurement of vesicular zinc/glutamate uptake in PC12 cells with VGLUT1/ZnT3 overexpression and AP-3 perturbation Journal of cell science Medium 15860731
2006 VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 are co-localized on the same synaptic vesicles in the young hippocampus (e.g., mossy fibers), demonstrating that neurons co-expressing both isoforms do not sort them to separate vesicle pools at early developmental stages. Immunofluorescence co-localization, subcellular fractionation of synaptic vesicles, confocal microscopy in VGLUT1-deficient and WT mice Journal of neurochemistry Medium 16942593
2004 VGLUT1 is present in both somato-dendritic compartments and axon terminals of spinal motoneurons, but is absent from neuromuscular junctions; VGLUT2-positive motoneuron terminals contact Renshaw inhibitory interneurons without co-expressing the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, indicating glutamate co-release potential at central but not peripheral synapses. Immunohistochemistry, intracellular biocytin injection with anterograde labeling, dual immunofluorescence in rat spinal cord sections and immunopurified motoneuron cultures The European journal of neuroscience Medium 15379996
2011 VGLUT1 synapses on motoneurons are permanently lost after peripheral nerve transection (75–95% loss at soma, 50% loss on proximal dendrite) due to retraction of Ia afferent axon collaterals from lamina IX, not merely VGLUT1 downregulation; regenerated afferents retain VGLUT1 in distal synapses but lack collaterals in lamina IX. Immunofluorescence with VGLUT1 and synaptic marker SV2, intracellular neurobiotin filling of identified Ia afferents, confocal microscopy in rat spinal cord after nerve transection Journal of neurophysiology High 21832035
2011 VGLUT1-labeled synaptic vesicles are dynamically shared (exchanged) between synaptic boutons in vivo in the mouse cortex, and network homeostasis drives dynamic scaling of synaptic VGLUT1 levels. VGLUT1-Venus fluorescent knock-in mouse (in vivo and in vitro live imaging), two-photon microscopy, FRAP analysis The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience High 22031900
2015 VGLUT1 (co-expressed with VGAT in a subset of cortical axon terminals and the same synaptic vesicles) supports simultaneous co-release of glutamate and GABA at mixed synapses; the proportion of these co-releasing terminals is regulated by activity — reduced by glutamate receptor blockade and increased by GABA-A receptor blockade. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording with sequential glutamate/GABA receptor blockers in rat primary cortical neurons, immunofluorescence co-localization of VGLUT1 and VGAT Journal of cell science Medium 25749864
2022 KDM6B (H3K27 demethylase) upregulates VGLUT1 expression in neurons by demethylating H3K27me3 at the Slc17a7 promoter; Tau interacts with KDM6B and recruits it to the Slc17a7 promoter, reducing local H3K27me3 and inducing VGLUT1 expression. Loss of Tau prevents this induction. Conditional KDM6B knockout mice, ChIP-seq, co-immunoprecipitation of Tau and KDM6B, H3K27me3 ChIP at Slc17a7 promoter, VGLUT1 rescue by ectopic expression Molecular psychiatry High 36028572
2019 Tau localizes in the nuclear compartment and its overexpression or detachment from microtubules increases VGluT1 transcription; the P301L frontotemporal dementia mutation impairs this mechanism, causing loss-of-function for VGluT1 regulation. Nuclear fractionation, chromatin-bound Tau immunoprecipitation, VGluT1 expression analysis after Tau overexpression/detachment in neuronal cells, P301L mutant Tau experiments Journal of molecular biology Medium 30664870
2014 Amyloid-β precursor protein (AβPP) physically interacts with VGLUT1 at the vesicular level; knockdown of AβPP increases both VGLUT1 mRNA and protein levels in PC12 cells and in vivo, identifying AβPP as a negative regulator of VGLUT1 expression. Pull-down assay, co-immunoprecipitation, split-ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid, nanoRPLC-MS/MS proteomics, siRNA knockdown in PC12 cells and in vivo Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD Medium 33896843
2017 VGLUT1 binding to endophilin SH3 domain varies diurnally (high during light/resting phase, reduced during dark/active phase) in a period-2-dependent manner; phosphorylation of VGLUT1 increases its binding to endophilin but not to intersectin1; dynamin phosphorylation at Ser774 is high when more VGLUT1 is at the plasma membrane and inversely correlates with VGLUT1 endocytosis peaks. SH3 fusion protein pull-down assays from mouse brains at four circadian time points, constant-darkness controls, period-2 mutant mice, phosphorylation state analysis Neuroscience Medium 29199069
2014 In vitro biochemical screening identified actin cytoskeletal adaptors, ubiquitin ligases, and tyrosine kinases as interacting partners of the VGLUT1 C-terminal polyproline region (encompassing polyproline motifs, phosphorylation consensus sites, and PEST domain), suggesting these interactions modulate synaptic vesicle recycling. In vitro biochemical pull-down screening with VGLUT1 C-terminal fragments, protein identification by mass spectrometry PloS one Low 25334008
2022 Selective deletion of VGLUT1 in cholinergic medial habenula (MHb) neurons reduces VGLUT1 protein in cholinergic terminals in the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), diminishes optogenetically-evoked glutamatergic EPSCs in IPN, and increases nicotine self-administration, demonstrating that VGLUT1-mediated glutamate co-release from MHb cholinergic neurons opposes nicotine reinforcement. Conditional Slc17a7 knockout (cKO) in ChAT-Cre mice, fluorescent in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, optogenetics-assisted electrophysiology in IPN, nicotine self-administration behavior eNeuro High 34876472
2022 In tauP301L-expressing hippocampal neurons, increased VGluT1 per synaptic vesicle (40% increase) directly causes a proportional 40% increase in extracellular glutamate release per exocytic event, without a change in vesicle exocytosis probability. pH-sensitive GFP (pHluorin) to measure VGluT1 per vesicle, iGluSnFR extracellular glutamate reporter, immunohistochemistry in cultured hippocampal neurons from rTg(TauP301L)4510 mice Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience Medium 35989711
2004 Recombinant VGLUT1 expressed in PC12 cells is functional for glutamate transport, whereas baculovirus-expressed VGLUT1 is not; VGLUT1 readily oligomerizes/dimerizes under both expression conditions. His-tag purification from PC12 cells and High Five insect cells, functional glutamate uptake assay, gel electrophoresis analysis of oligomeric state Biological procedures online Low 15192755
2003 Both VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 are specifically associated with synaptic-like microvesicles (SLMVs) in pinealocytes and are co-expressed in the same process terminal regions, establishing dual VGLUT isoform co-expression on the same vesicle type outside neurons. RT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence microscopy, immunoelectron microscopy, subcellular fractionation of pineal gland Journal of neurochemistry Medium 12559000
2012 In striatal medium spiny neurons co-expressing D1 and D2 receptors, activation of the D1-D2 receptor heteromer differentially regulates VGLUT1/2 expression (vesicular glutamate uptake proteins) alongside GABA pathway proteins, demonstrating that a dopamine receptor complex can simultaneously modulate both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter machinery in the same cell. Activation of D1-D2 heteromer in rat brain MSNs, Western blot for VGLUT1/2, BDNF, GAD67, and VGAT in nucleus accumbens, VTA, caudate putamen, and substantia nigra PloS one Low 22428025
2012 VGLUT1-dependent glutamate innervation of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) modulates serotonin function: reduced VGLUT1 in VGLUT1+/- mice decreases VGLUT1 immunoreactivity surrounding GABA and 5-HT cell bodies in DRN, reduces 5-HT turnover, and causes 5-HT1A autoreceptor desensitization. Immunohistochemistry, 5-HT turnover measurements, electrophysiology of 5-HT neuron firing, GTP-γ-S coupling assay, hypothermia challenge in VGLUT1+/- mice Neuropharmacology Medium 23168115

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 100 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
2004 An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 418 15103023
2003 The expression of vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in neurochemically defined axonal populations in the rat spinal cord with emphasis on the dorsal horn. The European journal of neuroscience 363 12534965
2005 Presynaptic regulation of quantal size by the vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT1. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 268 15987952
2003 Hypothalamic orexin (hypocretin) neurons express vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 or VGLUT2. The Journal of comparative neurology 209 12975818
2009 Reduced expression of glutamate transporters vGluT1, EAAT2 and EAAT4 in learned helpless rats, an animal model of depression. Neuropharmacology 142 19747495
2007 Enhanced anxiety, depressive-like behaviour and impaired recognition memory in mice with reduced expression of the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1). The European journal of neuroscience 142 17241289
2007 Loss of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the prefrontal cortex is correlated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease. Neurobiology of aging 137 17531353
2014 VGluT1+ neuronal glutamatergic signaling regulates postnatal developmental maturation of cortical protoplasmic astroglia. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 123 25122895
2011 Permanent central synaptic disconnection of proprioceptors after nerve injury and regeneration. I. Loss of VGLUT1/IA synapses on motoneurons. Journal of neurophysiology 118 21832035
2009 A chloride conductance in VGLUT1 underlies maximal glutamate loading into synaptic vesicles. Nature neuroscience 115 19169251
2006 Synaptic and vesicular co-localization of the glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the mouse hippocampus. Journal of neurochemistry 108 16942593
2009 Increased vulnerability to depressive-like behavior of mice with decreased expression of VGLUT1. Biological psychiatry 104 19409534
2003 Expression of vesicular glutamate transporters, VGluT1 and VGluT2, in axon terminals of nociceptive primary afferent fibers in the superficial layers of the medullary and spinal dorsal horns of the rat. The Journal of comparative neurology 102 12541308
2006 Altered expression of vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in Parkinson disease. Neurobiology of aging 101 16563567
2002 Expression of inorganic phosphate/vesicular glutamate transporters (BNPI/VGLUT1 and DNPI/VGLUT2) in the cerebellum and precerebellar nuclei of the rat. Brain research. Molecular brain research 93 12414120
2011 In vivo imaging of intersynaptic vesicle exchange using VGLUT1 Venus knock-in mice. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 77 22031900
2004 Differential co-localisation of the P2X7 receptor subunit with vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in rat CNS. Neuroscience 75 14706788
2005 Vglut1 and ZnT3 co-targeting mechanisms regulate vesicular zinc stores in PC12 cells. Journal of cell science 74 15860731
2005 Selective cortical VGLUT1 increase as a marker for antidepressant activity. Neuropharmacology 73 16111724
2004 Expression of vesicular glutamate transporters, VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, in cholinergic spinal motoneurons. The European journal of neuroscience 72 15379996
2017 VGLUT1 functions as a glutamate/proton exchanger with chloride channel activity in hippocampal glutamatergic synapses. Nature communications 71 29273736
2015 Global analysis of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 profiles in glioblastoma stem cells and identification of SLC17A7 as a bivalent tumor suppressor gene. Oncotarget 64 25749033
2003 Vesicular glutamate transporters, VGluT1 and VGluT2, in the trigeminal ganglion neurons of the rat, with special reference to coexpression. The Journal of comparative neurology 62 12815758
2011 Parasagittal compartmentation of cerebellar mossy fibers as revealed by the patterned expression of vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2. Brain structure & function 60 21814870
2020 Research progress on the role of type I vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT1) in nervous system diseases. Cell & bioscience 58 32158532
2010 Origins of Glutamatergic Terminals in the Inferior Colliculus Identified by Retrograde Transport and Expression of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 Genes. Frontiers in neuroanatomy 58 21048892
2010 Regulation of markers of synaptic function in mouse models of depression: chronic mild stress and decreased expression of VGLUT1. Journal of neurochemistry 57 20550627
2007 VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 innervation in autonomic regions of intact and transected rat spinal cord. The Journal of comparative neurology 56 17570127
2005 Evidence for increased expression of the vesicular glutamate transporter, VGLUT1, by a course of antidepressant treatment. Journal of neurochemistry 55 15992385
2012 Dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer in dual phenotype GABA/glutamate-coexpressing striatal medium spiny neurons: regulation of BDNF, GAD67 and VGLUT1/2. PloS one 51 22428025
2019 Diet-induced insulin resistance elevates hippocampal glutamate as well as VGLUT1 and GFAP expression in AβPP/PS1 mice. Journal of neurochemistry 50 30472734
2010 VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 mRNA expression in the primate auditory pathway. Hearing research 49 21111036
2004 Peripheral axotomy induces depletion of the vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT1 in central terminals of myelinated afferent fibres in the rat spinal cord. Brain research 48 15261101
2003 Co-expression of vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT1 and VGLUT2) and their association with synaptic-like microvesicles in rat pinealocytes. Journal of neurochemistry 48 12559000
2003 Postnatal development of the glutamate vesicular transporter VGLUT1 in rat cerebral cortex. Brain research. Developmental brain research 46 12586437
2006 Identification of endophilins 1 and 3 as selective binding partners for VGLUT1 and their co-localization in neocortical glutamatergic synapses: implications for vesicular glutamate transporter trafficking and excitatory vesicle formation. Cellular and molecular neurobiology 45 16710756
2020 VMHvl-Projecting Vglut1+ Neurons in the Posterior Amygdala Gate Territorial Aggression. Cell reports 41 32320666
2003 Vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 define two subsets of unipolar brush cells in organotypic cultures of mouse vestibulocerebellum. Neuroscience 41 14614902
2016 Down-regulation of glutamatergic terminals (VGLUT1) driven by Aβ in Alzheimer's disease. Hippocampus 40 27258819
2007 Vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the developing mouse barrel cortex. International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience 40 17289331
2015 Gestational and early postnatal hypothyroidism alters VGluT1 and VGAT bouton distribution in the neocortex and hippocampus, and behavior in rats. Frontiers in neuroanatomy 37 25741243
2011 Increased expression of the Vesicular Glutamate Transporter-1 (VGLUT1) in the prefrontal cortex correlates with differential vulnerability to chronic stress in various mouse strains: effects of fluoxetine and MK-801. Neuropharmacology 37 21945287
2008 Comparison of the ontogeny of the vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) with VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the rat retina. Brain research 34 18482716
2017 Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1)-mediated glutamate release and membrane GluA1 activation is involved in the rapid antidepressant-like effects of scopolamine in mice. Neuropharmacology 33 29274366
2010 Coexpression of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in trigeminothalamic projection neurons in the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus of the rat. The Journal of comparative neurology 28 20533365
2019 Tau Modulates VGluT1 Expression. Journal of molecular biology 26 30664870
2011 Sensorimotor gating, working and social memory deficits in mice with reduced expression of the vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT1. Behavioural brain research 26 22197296
2011 Expression of VGluT1 and VGAT mRNAs in human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during development and in schizophrenia. Brain research 23 21396926
2022 KDM6B cooperates with Tau and regulates synaptic plasticity and cognition via inducing VGLUT1/2. Molecular psychiatry 22 36028572
2015 Co-expression of VGLUT1 and VGAT sustains glutamate and GABA co-release and is regulated by activity in cortical neurons. Journal of cell science 22 25749864
2015 The initial stage of reversal learning is impaired in mice hemizygous for the vesicular glutamate transporter (VGluT1). Genes, brain, and behavior 22 26113146
2019 A proline-rich motif on VGLUT1 reduces synaptic vesicle super-pool and spontaneous release frequency. eLife 21 31663854
2016 Genetic variation in SLC17A7 promoter associated with response to sport-related concussions. Brain injury 21 27029226
2016 Selective Localization of Shanks to VGLUT1-Positive Excitatory Synapses in the Mouse Hippocampus. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience 21 27199660
2017 SIRT2 inhibition reverses anhedonia in the VGLUT1+/- depression model. Behavioural brain research 20 28778545
2016 Lipoic acid improves neuronal insulin signalling and rescues cognitive function regulating VGlut1 expression in high-fat-fed rats: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. Biochimica et biophysica acta 20 26769360
2013 Differential expression of VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 in the trigeminothalamic or trigeminocerebellar projection neurons in the rat. Brain structure & function 20 23380804
2002 Transporters in the neurohypophysial neuroendocrine system, with special reference to vesicular glutamate transporters (BNPI and DNPI): a review. Microscopy research and technique 20 11810715
2022 Disruption of VGLUT1 in Cholinergic Medial Habenula Projections Increases Nicotine Self-Administration. eNeuro 18 34876472
2017 VGLUT1 synapses and P-boutons on regenerating motoneurons after nerve crush. The Journal of comparative neurology 18 28543879
2016 Changes in VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 expression in rat dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord following spared nerve injury. Neurochemistry international 18 27210824
2019 Optimization of the culture conditions for production of Polyhydroxyalkanoate and its characterization from a new Bacillus cereus sp. BNPI-92 strain, isolated from plastic waste dumping yard. International journal of biological macromolecules 17 31751740
2018 Prolactin prevents the kainic acid-induced neuronal loss in the rat hippocampus by inducing prolactin receptor and putatively increasing the VGLUT1 overexpression. Neuroscience letters 16 30500398
2014 Expression of vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the rat dental pulp and trigeminal ganglion following inflammation. PloS one 15 25290694
2014 IGF-1 deficiency causes atrophic changes associated with upregulation of VGluT1 and downregulation of MEF2 transcription factors in the mouse cochlear nuclei. Brain structure & function 15 25378055
2010 A helper virus-free HSV-1 vector containing the vesicular glutamate transporter-1 promoter supports expression preferentially in VGLUT1-containing glutamatergic neurons. Brain research 15 20307509
2017 Few, Activity-Dependent, and Ubiquitous VGLUT1/VGAT Terminals in Rat and Mouse Brain. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience 14 28848395
2016 Transcranial theta-burst stimulation alters GLT-1 and vGluT1 expression in rat cerebellar cortex. Neurochemistry international 14 27623095
2014 Protein interactions of the vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT1. PloS one 14 25334008
2023 Icariin alleviates autistic-like behavior, hippocampal inflammation and vGlut1 expression in adult BTBR mice. Behavioural brain research 13 36889463
2015 α-Synuclein expression in the mouse cerebellum is restricted to VGluT1 excitatory terminals and is enriched in unipolar brush cells. Cerebellum (London, England) 13 25917213
2013 Haploinsufficiency of VGluT1 but not VGluT2 impairs extinction of spatial preference and response suppression. Behavioural brain research 13 23396167
2007 Distribution of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in the mouse esophagus. Cell and tissue research 13 17508221
2022 Activation of the VpdmVGLUT1-VPM pathway contributes to anxiety-like behaviors induced by malocclusion. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience 12 36605612
2013 Lentiviral delivery of a vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1)-targeting short hairpin RNA vector into the mouse hippocampus impairs cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 12 24037344
2005 Heterogeneity of axon terminals expressing VGLUT1 in the cerebral neocortex. Archives italiennes de biologie 12 16106993
2018 VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 mRNA-positive neurons in spinal trigeminal nucleus provide collateral projections to both the thalamus and the parabrachial nucleus in rats. Molecular brain 11 29650024
2018 Age-related loss of VGLUT1 excitatory, but not VGAT inhibitory, immunoreactive terminals on motor neurons in spinal cords of old sarcopenic male mice. Biogerontology 11 30084046
2014 Cerebral level of vGlut1 is increased and level of glycine is decreased in TgSwDI mice. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 11 24145381
2009 A sensitizing D-amphetamine dose regimen induces long-lasting spinophilin and VGLUT1 protein upregulation in the rat diencephalon. Neuroscience letters 10 19932152
2020 Coexpression of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in precerebellar neurons in the lateral reticular nucleus of the rat. Brain research bulletin 9 32562720
2009 Resequencing and association study of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 gene (VGLUT1) with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia research 9 19720501
2024 Role of the circRNA_34414/miR-6960a-5p/SIRT3 axis in postoperative delirium via CA1 Vglut1+ neurons in older mice. CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 7 39138637
2022 rTg(TauP301L)4510 mice exhibit increased VGlut1 in hippocampal presynaptic glutamatergic vesicles and increased extracellular glutamate release. Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience 7 35989711
2022 Fast antidepressant action of ketamine in mouse models requires normal VGLUT1 levels from prefrontal cortex neurons. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry 7 36209771
2020 VGluT1 Deficiency Impairs Visual Attention and Reduces the Dynamic Range of Short-Term Plasticity at Corticothalamic Synapses. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 7 31711131
2018 Repeated low level domoic acid exposure increases CA1 VGluT1 levels, but not bouton density, VGluT2 or VGAT levels in the hippocampus of adult mice. Harmful algae 7 30420019
2023 De novo assembly and comparative genome analysis for polyhydroxyalkanoates-producing Bacillus sp. BNPI-92 strain. Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology 6 37991636
2022 Examining ventral subiculum and basolateral amygdala projections to the nucleus accumbens shell: Differential expression of VGLuT1, VGLuT2 and VGaT in the rat. Neuroscience letters 6 36038028
2017 VGLUT1 Binding to Endophilin or Intersectin1 and Dynamin Phosphorylation in a Diurnal Context. Neuroscience 6 29199069
2014 SLC17A7 gene may be the indicator of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment response in the Chinese Han population. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology 6 24743714
2012 Regulation of serotonin (5-HT) function by a VGLUT1 dependent glutamate pathway. Neuropharmacology 6 23168115
2023 Tau-dependent HDAC1 nuclear reduction is associated with altered VGluT1 expression. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 5 37266450
2004 Expression and purification of recombinant vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT1 using PC12 cells and High Five insect cells. Biological procedures online 5 15192755
2018 Expressions of VGLUT1/2 in the inspiratory interneurons and GAD65/67 in the inspiratory Renshaw cells in the neonatal rat upper thoracic spinal cord. IBRO reports 4 30135953
2017 Hippocampal slice preparation in rats acutely suppresses immunoreactivity of microtubule-associated protein (Map2) and glycogen levels without affecting numbers of glia or levels of the glutamate transporter VGlut1. Brain and behavior 4 28729941
2016 JNK: A Putative Link Between Insulin Signaling and VGLUT1 in Alzheimer's Disease. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 4 26836159
2021 Proteome Profiling Identified Amyloid-β Protein Precursor as a Novel Binding Partner and Modulator of VGLUT1. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 3 33896843
2024 Neuroprotective Effects of VGLUT1 Inhibition in HT22 Cells Overexpressing VGLUT1 Under Oxygen Glucose Deprivation Conditions. Neuromolecular medicine 2 39179680
2021 Early glutathione intervention educed positive correlation between VGLUT1 expression and spatial memory in the Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl rat model of IUGR. IBRO neuroscience reports 2 34179867

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