| 1999 |
H218/EDG5/S1PR2 couples to Gi, Gq, and G13 families of heterotrimeric G proteins, in contrast to EDG1 which couples only to Gi. This was demonstrated using a subunit-selective [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay in Sf9 and HEK293 cells. |
Subunit-selective [35S]GTPgammaS binding assay in Sf9 and HEK293 cells |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
10488065
|
| 1999 |
AGR16/S1PR2 expressed in CHO cells binds [32P]S1P specifically (displaced by S1P and sphingosylphosphorylcholine but not LPA), mobilizes intracellular Ca2+ via both PTX-sensitive and PTX-insensitive pathways, activates MAPK in a PTX-sensitive Ras-dependent manner, activates stress-activated kinases (JNK and p38) in a PTX-insensitive manner, induces stress-fiber formation via Rho (PTX-insensitive), and increases cellular cAMP. |
Radioligand binding, Ca2+ mobilization assay, MAPK/JNK/p38 kinase assays, myosin light chain phosphorylation, cAMP measurement in CHO cells stably expressing AGR16 |
The Biochemical journal |
High |
9854026
|
| 1999 |
EDG5/S1PR2 expressed in Xenopus oocytes confers S1P-responsive intracellular calcium transients that are potentiated by co-injection of Galphaqi or Galphaq, indicating differential coupling to Gq versus Gi pathways compared to EDG1. |
Xenopus oocyte expression system, mRNA microinjection, calcium transient recordings, chimeric G protein co-expression |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
10383399
|
| 1999 |
H218/S1PR2 binds S1P and sphinganine 1-phosphate with high affinity and specificity; overexpression in HEK293 cells induces rounded cell morphology and apoptosis in the presence of serum (which contains high S1P), and overexpression in PC12 cells inhibits NGF-induced neuritogenesis and enhances SPP-induced neurite retraction. |
Radioligand competition binding, cell morphology assay, apoptosis measurement, PC12 NGF differentiation assay, neurite retraction assay |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
High |
9988698
|
| 2000 |
EDG5/S1PR2 specifically inhibits Rac activity and cell migration/membrane ruffling in CHO cells, in contrast to EDG1 and EDG3 which stimulate these responses. S1P via EDG5 stimulates Rac-GAP activity (rather than inhibiting Rac-GEF), inhibits basal Rac-GTP levels, and abolishes IGF-I-directed chemotaxis. EDG5 still activates PI3-kinase but uncouples it from Rac activation. |
Chemotaxis assay, Rac/RhoA pull-down (GTP-bound form), PI3-kinase assay, Rac-GAP/GEF activity assays in CHO cells stably expressing EDG1, EDG3, or EDG5 |
Molecular and cellular biology |
High |
11094076
|
| 2000 |
EDG3/S1PR3 and EDG5/S1PR2 (but not EDG1) mediate S1P-induced activation of NF-κB in HEK293 cells; this activation requires protein kinase C and Ca2+ downstream of Gq, but not Rho activation alone. Gβγ potentiates NF-κB activation achieved through other G proteins. |
NF-κB reporter assay, pharmacological inhibitors of PKC and Ca2+, dominant-negative Rho, Gβγ titration in HEK293 cells overexpressing Edg receptor subtypes |
The Journal of biological chemistry |
Medium |
11673450
|
| 2001 |
Knockout of H218/S1PR2 in mice does not cause developmental defects but leads to spontaneous seizures at 3-7 weeks of age; whole-cell patch-clamp recordings show a large increase in excitability of neocortical pyramidal neurons in H218-/- mice, establishing S1PR2 as a required modulator of neuronal excitability in vivo. |
Gene knockout mice, EEG recordings, whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology of neocortical pyramidal neurons |
The European journal of neuroscience |
High |
11553273
|
| 2003 |
EDG5/S1PR2 mediates S1P-induced antiproliferative effects in rat hepatocytes via activation of Rho. The inhibitory effect on HGF/EGF-induced DNA synthesis is blocked by C3 exotoxin (Rho inactivation) and by the S1PR2-specific antagonist JTE-013, but not by pertussis toxin, indicating Gi-independent Rho signaling through S1PR2. |
DNA synthesis assay ([3H]thymidine incorporation), C3 exotoxin Rho inactivation, pertussis toxin treatment, JTE-013 antagonist, partial hepatectomy model in rats |
Gastroenterology |
High |
12557151
|
| 2003 |
Down-regulation of EDG5/S1PR2 during C2C12 myoblast-to-myotube differentiation specifically uncouples S1P signaling to phospholipase D (PLD). Overexpression of EDG5/S1PR2 (but not EDG1 or EDG3) potentiates S1P-stimulated PLD activity, and antisense knockdown of EDG5/S1PR2 reduces S1P-induced PLD activity, establishing S1PR2 as the dominant receptor coupling S1P to PLD. |
Northern blot, Western blot, PLD activity assay, overexpression of receptor subtypes, antisense ODN knockdown in C2C12 cells |
Biochimica et biophysica acta |
High |
14499732
|
| 2013 |
S1PR2 plays a key role in endothelial vascular permeability and inflammatory responses during endotoxemia. Downstream signaling includes activation of the stress-activated protein kinase pathway together with Rho-kinase/NF-κB pathway, both required for S1PR2-mediated endothelial inflammatory responses. Bone marrow chimera experiments localize the critical function to the stromal compartment. |
S1pr2 knockout mice, bone marrow chimeras, JTE013 pharmacological antagonist, in vitro TNFα endothelial inflammation assays, permeability assays, NF-κB pathway analysis |
Blood |
High |
23723450
|
| 2013 |
S1PR2 is a receptor for the Nogo-A-Δ20 domain of Nogo-A, distinct from the S1P binding pocket. Nogo-A-Δ20 binding to S1PR2 signals via G13, the Rho GEF LARG, and RhoA. S1PR2 deletion or blockade counteracts Nogo-A-Δ20-mediated and myelin-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth and cell spreading. S1PR2 blockade strongly enhances LTP in wild-type but not Nogo-A-/- hippocampus, establishing the Nogo-A/S1PR2 axis as a repressor of synaptic plasticity. |
Binding assays, siRNA knockdown, S1PR2 knockout, LTP recording in hippocampal slices, neurite outgrowth assays, cell spreading assays, pharmacological blockade with S1PR2 antagonist |
PLoS biology |
High |
24453941
|
| 2013 |
In zebrafish, S1pr2/Mil signals through Gα13 and a RhoGEF-dependent pathway to regulate convergent movement of the anterior endoderm, which is required for coordinating myocardial migration to the midline. Cardiac-specific expression of Gα13 fails to rescue cardia bifida caused by global Gα13 inhibition, confirming S1pr2/Gα13 acts in the endoderm, not the myocardium. |
Zebrafish genetic epistasis (morpholino knockdown, dominant-negative constructs), endoderm transplantation rescue experiments, cardiac-specific Gα13 expression |
Development (Cambridge, England) |
High |
23318642
|
| 2013 |
S1P via S1PR2 induces filopodia formation through phosphorylation of ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) proteins. Phosphomimetic ezrin mutants reproduce the filopodia phenotype, while non-phosphorylatable mutants block it. siRNA and genetic knockout approaches identify S1PR2 as the specific and necessary receptor for ERM phosphorylation and filopodia formation. |
Pharmacological S1PR agonists/antagonists, siRNA knockdown, genetic knockout, phosphomimetic/non-phosphorylatable ezrin mutants, immunofluorescence for filopodia |
The Biochemical journal |
High |
23106337
|
| 2012 |
S1PR2 promotes germinal center B-cell confinement and dampens Akt activation; S1PR2 deficiency or deficiency of components of its signaling pathway results in loss of growth control in chronically stimulated mucosal germinal centers. |
S1PR2 knockout mice, germinal center analysis, Akt activation assays |
Immunological reviews |
Medium |
22500830
|
| 2012 |
S1PR2 mediates satellite cell activation in dystrophic muscle via STAT3 signaling. S1P via S1PR2 inhibits Rac1, which activates STAT3, leading to downregulation of p21 and p27 in myoblasts, thereby promoting cell cycle progression. |
S1PR2 pharmacological inhibition, siRNA knockdown, Rac1/STAT3 activity assays, p21/p27 expression in mdx mouse model and myoblast cultures |
PloS one |
Medium |
22606352
|
| 2016 |
S1PR2 acts as a tumor suppressor in DLBCL; ectopic expression of wild-type S1PR2 (but not a signaling-deficient point mutant) induces apoptosis in DLBCL cells and restricts tumor growth in subcutaneous and orthotopic models. The proapoptotic effects are phenocopied by Gα13 overexpression and are independent of AKT signaling. |
Ectopic expression of wild-type vs. signaling-deficient S1PR2 mutant, Gα13 overexpression, subcutaneous and orthotopic xenograft mouse models, apoptosis assays |
Blood |
High |
26729899
|
| 2018 |
The TGF-β/TGF-βR2/SMAD1 axis directly activates S1PR2 transcription; phosphorylated SMAD1 binds regulatory elements in the S1PR2 locus (by ChIP). CRISPR-mediated editing of S1PR2, SMAD1, or TGFBR2 renders DLBCL cells unresponsive to TGF-β-induced apoptosis. Loss of S1pr2 or Tgfbr2 in GC B cells induces hyperproliferation and accelerates MYC-driven lymphomagenesis. |
ChIP of phospho-SMAD1 at S1PR2 locus, CRISPR editing of S1PR2/SMAD1/TGFBR2, xenotransplantation models, GC B cell-specific Tgfbr2 knockout mice |
Blood |
High |
29615404
|
| 2016 |
S1P/S1PR2-mediated signaling triggers Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation via a Gi-independent RhoA/ROCK pathway in osteoblasts, leading to nuclear translocation of Smad4 and upregulation of Runx2 expression, promoting osteoblast differentiation. |
Pharmacological inhibitors (JTE-013, ROCK inhibitors), RhoA activity assay, Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation by Western blot, nuclear translocation imaging, in vivo bone formation assay in MC3T3-E1 cells and primary osteoblasts |
Bone |
Medium |
27612439
|
| 2018 |
S1PR2 mediates S1P-induced YAP activation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (both human and mouse) in an MST1/2-independent manner, leading to YAP-mediated CTGF upregulation and cell proliferation. siRNA knockdown shows only CTGF (not CYR61) is required for S1P-stimulated proliferation. |
siRNA knockdown of S1PR2 and pathway components, YAP reporter assays, CTGF/CYR61 expression, proliferation assays, ChIP-seq for HNF4α, YAP transgenic mouse hepatocytes |
Molecular cancer research : MCR |
Medium |
29903770
|
| 2020 |
Endothelial-derived S1P acts via S1PR2 on alveolar type II (AT2) cells to induce nuclear translocation of YAP, promoting AT2-to-AT1 differentiation required for alveolar repair after lung injury. This was established using endothelial-specific Sphk1 knockout mice. |
Endothelial-specific Sphk1 knockout mice, immunofluorescence for YAP nuclear translocation, AT1/AT2 cell quantification after Pseudomonas lung injury |
Cell reports |
Medium |
32610129
|
| 2022 |
Cryo-EM structure of S1P-bound S1PR2 coupled to heterotrimeric G13 reveals that ICL2 of S1PR2 interacts with the α5 helix of Gα13, with ICL2 conformation constrained by TM4. FTY720-P (an agonist of S1PR1/3/4/5) can also trigger G13 activation via S1PR2. The S1PR2-F274I variant increases G13 activity with both FTY720-P and S1P, explaining drug selectivity differences. |
Cryo-electron microscopy structure determination, TGFα shedding assay for G13 activation, cell migration assays, mutagenesis of interface residues |
Science advances |
High |
35353559
|
| 2016 |
Missense variants p.Arg108Pro and p.Tyr140Cys in S1PR2 cause autosomal-recessive profound hearing loss (DFNB68). Molecular modeling predicts p.Arg108Pro disrupts S1P binding and p.Tyr140Cys disrupts G protein docking. S1pr2-/- mice show stria vascularis abnormalities, organ of Corti degeneration, and profound hearing loss. |
Exome sequencing, Sanger segregation analysis, S1pr2 knockout mouse phenotyping (auditory physiology, histology), molecular modeling |
American journal of human genetics |
High |
26805784
|
| 2016 |
A spontaneous Thr289Arg S1pr2 mutation (stonedeaf mouse) causes progressive hearing loss with normal hearing at 2 weeks but severe/profound loss by 14 weeks, associated with a reduced endocochlear potential and stria vascularis degeneration—the first demonstration that S1PR2 loss reduces EP. |
Mouse ENU mutagenesis screen, exome sequencing, auditory brainstem responses, endocochlear potential measurement, stria vascularis histology |
Scientific reports |
High |
27383011
|
| 2018 |
S1P-S1PR2 axis mediates homing of MUSE stem cells to infarcted myocardium; this was confirmed pharmacologically (S1PR2-specific antagonist JTE-013 co-injection) and genetically (S1PR2-siRNA introduction into Muse cells) blocking migration/homing to the heart. |
In vivo cell tracking with Nano-lantern labeling, pharmacological antagonism with JTE-013, S1PR2-siRNA knockdown in Muse cells, rabbit acute MI model |
Circulation research |
Medium |
29475983
|
| 2019 |
Endothelial S1PR2 regulates lymphatic endothelial cell layer structure and permeability through the ERK pathway, modulating expression of junction molecules VE-cadherin, occludin, and zonulin-1, and facilitates T cell transcellular migration through VCAM-1 expression. |
S1PR2-knockout LEC studies, ERK pathway inhibitors, junction molecule expression by Western blot/imaging, T cell transmigration assays across LEC monolayers |
Science immunology |
Medium |
30877143
|
| 2020 |
S1PR2 internalization from plasma membrane to endoplasmic reticulum upon S1P stimulation activates PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling via elevated [Ca2+]ER, leading to RNASET2-mediated intracellular uracil generation that blunts 5-FU efficacy in colorectal cancer cells. |
Subcellular fractionation/imaging of S1PR2, [Ca2+]ER measurement with Mag-Fluo-AM, LC-ESI-MS/MS for uracil measurement, JTE-013 pharmacological inhibition, S1PR2-/- villin-S1PR2 knockout mice |
Acta pharmacologica Sinica |
Medium |
32647340
|
| 2022 |
S1PR2/RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway damages intestinal vascular endothelial barrier and promotes M1 macrophage polarization in IBD; inhibition of S1PR2 reduces RhoA/ROCK1 expression, reverses impaired barrier function and M1 polarization, and reduces ER stress in endothelial cells and glycolysis in macrophages. |
S1PR2 knockdown and pharmacological inhibition (JTE-013), RhoA/ROCK1 expression analysis, barrier permeability assays, macrophage polarization assays, DSS colitis mouse model |
Biochemical pharmacology |
Medium |
35537530
|
| 2024 |
Endothelial S1PR2 promotes mitochondrial fission and ROS production via RhoA/ROCK1/DRP1 signaling, leading to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis, thereby worsening cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. EC-specific S1pr2 loss-of-function reduces injury while gain-of-function aggravates it. |
EC-specific S1pr2 KO and gain-of-function mice, RhoA/ROCK1/DRP1 protein expression, mitochondrial morphology analysis, NLRP3/pyroptosis markers, cardiac I/R mouse model |
Redox biology |
High |
38909407
|
| 2022 |
Endothelial S1pr2 inhibits post-ischemic angiogenesis by suppressing the AKT/eNOS signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting EC proliferation, migration, and angiogenic activity. EC-specific S1pr2 loss-of-function enhances angiogenesis and blood flow recovery, while gain-of-function impairs it. |
EC-specific S1pr2 loss-of-function and gain-of-function mice, hindlimb ischemia model, AKT/eNOS phosphorylation by Western blot, EC proliferation/migration assays, JTE013 pharmacological inhibition |
Theranostics |
High |
35836816
|
| 2023 |
Taurocholic acid activates S1PR2 in hepatic stellate cells, triggering p38 MAPK/YAP signaling to promote HSC proliferation, migration, contraction, and ECM secretion (fibrosis). Pharmacological or genetic S1PR2 inhibition reverses TCA-induced HSC activation and attenuates cholestatic liver fibrosis in DDC diet mice. |
JTE-013 pharmacological inhibition, S1PR2 shRNA, LX-2 and JS-1 HSC cell lines, DDC-diet mouse model, p38 MAPK and YAP phosphorylation/activity assays |
Clinical and molecular hepatology |
Medium |
36800698
|
| 2022 |
GDCA/taurine-conjugated bile acid activates S1PR2 in macrophages to upregulate ZBP1 expression, which is required for ZBP1/p-MLKL-mediated necroptosis in macrophages; selective macrophage S1pr2 knockdown in vivo decreases necroptosis and attenuates collagen deposition in BDL cholestatic liver injury. |
Macrophage-specific S1pr2 knockdown in vivo, GDCA treatment of BMDMs, ZBP1/p-MLKL Western blot, BDL mouse model, siRNA rescue experiments |
Cell death & disease |
Medium |
36859525
|
| 2016 |
EBV oncoprotein LMP1 transcriptionally downregulates S1PR2 in GC B cells, and this downregulation drives constitutive activation of the PI3-kinase pathway in ABC-DLBCL cells. |
LMP1 expression in GC B cells, transcriptional profiling, PI3K pathway activation assays, IHC for S1PR2 in primary LMP1-positive vs. negative DLBCLs |
The Journal of pathology |
Medium |
30666658
|
| 2023 |
MYDGF directly binds S1PR2 (confirmed by SPR assay and Co-IP), and signals via S1PR2/RhoA/G-actin/F-actin/MRTF-A to suppress VSMC dedifferentiation and neointimal formation in response to balloon injury. |
Molecular docking, SPR assay, Co-immunoprecipitation, JTE-013 antagonist, CCG-1423 and Ripasudil inhibitors, carotid balloon injury rat model, RhoA activity and actin cytoskeleton assays |
Acta pharmacologica Sinica |
Medium |
37726422
|
| 2011 |
Mast cells react to vaccinia virus and degranulate via a membrane-activated pathway triggered by S1PR2; neutralizing antibody to the VV L1 fusion entry protein inhibits degranulation by preventing S1PR2 activation by viral membrane lipids. Antimicrobial peptide release from MC granules is necessary to inactivate VV infectivity. |
MC-deficient mouse model, MC reconstitution experiments, cathelicidin-KO MC studies, S1PR2 pathway analysis, neutralizing antibody experiments, skin infection model |
Journal of immunology |
Medium |
22140255
|
| 2022 |
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cell S1pr2 activates the YAP signaling pathway to potentiate TGF-β transactivation in a paracrine manner acting on hepatic stellate cells, thereby aggravating liver fibrosis. LSEC-specific S1pr2 loss-of-function dampens HSC activation while overexpression enhances it. |
LSEC-specific S1pr2 KO and overexpression, CCl4 liver fibrosis model, YAP activity assays, TGF-β expression/secretion, HSC activation markers, paracrine co-culture experiments |
FASEB journal |
Medium |
37039817
|
| 2021 |
Preeclampsia is associated with reduced S1P and SPHK1. S1P increases trophoblast cell invasion via S1PR2-activated RhoA/ROCK-induced actin polymerization that promotes YAP nuclear translocation; in vivo inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1 during placentation causes a preeclampsia phenotype. |
SPHK1 inhibitor mouse model, HTR8/SVneo cell invasion assays, actin polymerization measurement, YAP nuclear translocation imaging, YAP-5SA mutant, S1PR2 pharmacological inhibition |
Hypertension |
Medium |
34865521
|
| 2022 |
Overexpression of endothelial S1pr2 after traumatic brain injury promotes BBB disruption by activating JNK/c-Jun signaling, which transactivates MMP-9; ChIP-qPCR confirmed AP-1a and AP-1b binding sites in the MMP-9 promoter as phospho-c-Jun binding sites. |
TBI mouse model, JTE-013 pharmacological inhibition, SP600125 JNK inhibitor, Western blot for JNK/c-Jun/MMP-9, tight junction protein analysis, ChIP-qPCR for c-Jun binding to MMP-9 promoter, cellular models |
Frontiers in pharmacology |
Medium |
39679379
|
| 2022 |
Enhanced S1PR2 membrane expression in the cerebellum of hyperammonaemic rats increases CCL2 (especially in Purkinje neurons), activating CCR2 in microglia and increasing P2X4 and BDNF in microglia. BDNF then enhances TrkB activation in neurons, increasing KCC2 membrane expression and GABAergic neurotransmission, leading to motor incoordination. Blocking S1PR2 with JTE-013 normalizes this entire pathway and restores motor coordination. |
Intracerebral JTE-013 administration via osmotic mini-pumps in hyperammonaemic rats, immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blot for pathway components, beam walking behavioral test |
Neuropathology and applied neurobiology |
Medium |
35152448
|
| 2016 |
FXR transcriptionally represses S1PR2 expression in hepatic stellate cells; DHA induces FXR expression and reduces S1PR2, thereby inhibiting HSC contraction through modulation of both Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-sensitization signaling. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses confirm an FXR-S1PR2-dependent mechanism. |
Gel contraction assays, actin cytoskeleton fluorescence staining, myosin light chain phosphorylation, FXR gain/loss-of-function in LX-2 cells, S1PR2 mRNA/protein expression |
IUBMB life |
Medium |
27027402
|
| 2016 |
S1PR2 knockdown in DLBCL cells promotes migration and invasion via NF-κB pathway activation; S1PR2 downregulation reduces MMP-9 expression in U266 MM cells. |
S1PR2-selective antagonist JTE-013, S1PR2 shRNA knockdown in U266 cells, migration/invasion assays, NF-κB pathway analysis, MMP-9 expression by Western blot |
Cancer management and research |
Low |
32922084
|
| 2019 |
S1P induces IL-8 gene expression through S1PR1 in trophoblast cells, while IL-8 protein secretion is primarily regulated through S1PR2; both Rho-kinase and Rac1 signaling are essential for S1P-induced IL-8 secretion. |
Selective S1PR antagonists/agonists (JTE-013 for S1PR2, VPC23019 for S1PR1/3, SEW2781 for S1PR1), Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632, Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766, IL-8 ELISA and real-time PCR in HTR-8/SVneo cells |
Placenta |
Medium |
26321412
|
| 2016 |
FTY720P inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase in HepG2 cells via S1PR2 through a signaling cascade involving PKC, NF-κB, and PGE2 generation; this effect is blocked by the specific S1PR2 antagonist JTE-013 and mimicked by the S1PR2 agonist CYM5520. |
Na+/K+ ATPase activity assay, JTE-013, CYM5520 (S1PR2 agonist), PKC inhibitor calphostin, COX-2 inhibitor indomethacin, NF-κB inhibitor in HepG2 cells |
Biochemistry and cell biology |
Medium |
27501354
|
| 2019 |
Taurine-conjugated bile acid (TCDCA) stimulates cortisol secretion and steroidogenesis-related gene expression in adrenocortical H295R cells via S1PR2 and ERK phosphorylation; siRNA knockdown of S1PR2 reduces ERK phosphorylation and cortisol secretion, while SF-1 transactivation is increased downstream of this pathway. |
S1PR2 pharmacological inhibition (JTE-013), S1PR2 siRNA knockdown, ERK phosphorylation by Western blot, cortisol ELISA, SF-1 transactivation assay in H295R cells |
Liver international |
Medium |
30664326
|