Affinage

RPS6KA6

Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6 · UniProt Q9UK32

Length
745 aa
Mass
83.9 kDa
Annotated
2026-06-10
50 papers in source corpus 18 papers cited in narrative 18 extracted findings
Cross-family judge vs UniProt: Affinage preferred faithfulness: 6/6 claims corpus-supported (100%)

Mechanistic narrative

Synthesis pass · prose summary of the discoveries below

RSK4 (RPS6KA6) is a predominantly cytosolic serine/threonine kinase that, distinct from other RSK family members, is constitutively activated in serum-starved cells through constitutive phosphorylation of Ser232, Ser372, and Ser389 and does not require PDK1 for activation-loop phosphorylation (PMID:15632195). Functionally, it acts as a negative regulator of growth signaling: it inhibits FGF-RAS-ERK (RTK) signaling through a region divergent from other RSK proteins (PMID:15121846) and drives cellular senescence in normal and malignant cells via a p21-dependent, p16/p38/ROS-independent program that requires intact Rb (PMID:19584160, PMID:21239520). RSK4 abundance is tightly governed by antagonistic post-translational modifications, in which GSK3β phosphorylation at Thr402/Ser406 directs FBXW7-dependent proteasomal degradation while OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation at Thr405 stabilizes the protein and promotes cancer stem cell properties and radioresistance (PMID:41800247). Its expression is further controlled transcriptionally by activation through FOXP2 and HNF4alpha (PMID:15615695, PMID:35607372), by estrogen-driven DNMT3B-mediated promoter methylation (PMID:31413588), and post-transcriptionally by miR-548d-3p and the USP7/TRAF4 axis (PMID:37006049, PMID:33380838). RSK4 has context-dependent oncogenic and tumor-suppressive outputs across cancers, contributing to chemoresistance and metastasis, angiogenesis via a RUNX1/EPHA2/VEGF axis, and immune modulation through STAT3/sICAM-1/CCL22 signaling (PMID:34261798, PMID:38142759, PMID:39797421); its kinase activity can be blocked by floxacin antibiotics binding an allosteric site that mimics the hydrophobic-motif autoinhibitory mechanism (PMID:34261798). RSK4 also supports myoblast differentiation (PMID:38577978).

Mechanistic history

Synthesis pass · year-by-year structured walk · 9 steps
  1. 2004 Medium

    Established that RSK4 is not merely another RSK paralog but a specific antagonist of RTK signaling, defining its first functional role.

    Evidence Overexpression and domain-deletion experiments with transcriptional reporters and ERK activation assays; expression vs pERK correlation in extraembryonic tissue

    PMID:15121846

    Open questions at the time
    • No in vitro reconstitution of the inhibitory mechanism
    • Direct molecular target of the divergent inhibitory region not identified
  2. 2004 Medium

    Identified RSK4 as a direct transcriptional target, beginning to explain how its expression is set in specific tissues.

    Evidence ChIP cloning and EMSA mapping HNF4alpha binding sites in the RSK4 promoter; qRT-PCR in diabetic rat tissue

    PMID:15615695

    Open questions at the time
    • Functional consequence of HNF4alpha-driven expression not tested
    • Restricted to rodent tissue context
  3. 2005 High

    Answered how RSK4 activation differs from RSK1-3 by showing it is constitutively phosphorylated and PDK1-independent, explaining its growth-factor-independent activity.

    Evidence In vitro kinase assays, phospho-specific antibodies, subcellular fractionation, PDK1-knockout mouse ES cells

    PMID:15632195

    Open questions at the time
    • Kinase responsible for constitutive Ser232 phosphorylation not identified
    • Physiological substrates downstream of constitutive activity unresolved
  4. 2011 Medium

    Resolved the senescence mechanism by showing RSK4 enforces stress- and oncogene-induced senescence through p21, defining a tumor-suppressive role.

    Evidence shRNA knockdown in fibroblasts with oncogene overexpression, pathway inhibitors, and p21/Rb epistasis (across 2009 and 2011 studies)

    PMID:19584160 PMID:21239520

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct link between RSK4 kinase activity and p21 induction not established
    • Single-lab findings
  5. 2016 Low

    Began cataloging RSK4 protein partners and distinguishing the splice variant interactome to map its molecular context.

    Evidence SF-TAP tandem affinity purification with nano LC-MS/MS in MDA-MB-231 cells; bioinformatics

    PMID:27986634

    Open questions at the time
    • Interactome screen without functional validation of individual interactions
    • No reciprocal confirmation
  6. 2021 High

    Provided a structural mechanism of inhibition and a context-specific oncogenic role, showing floxacins block RSK4 via an allosteric site mimicking hydrophobic-motif autoinhibition.

    Evidence X-ray crystallography, HDX, Markov transient analysis, CRISPR/RNAi silencing, xenograft and bladder explant models

    PMID:34261798

    Open questions at the time
    • Endogenous regulator engaging the allosteric site unknown
    • Reconciliation with tumor-suppressive roles in other contexts not addressed
  7. 2023 Medium

    Extended RSK4 into tumor-immune crosstalk, defining a STAT3-driven secretory program that reprograms macrophages.

    Evidence Co-culture, ELISA for sICAM-1/CCL22, phospho-STAT3 detection, RSK4 gain/loss in ESCC cells, xenografts, IHC

    PMID:38142759

    Open questions at the time
    • Whether RSK4 phosphorylates STAT3 directly not fully resolved
    • Single-lab finding
  8. 2025 Medium

    Defined a transcriptional output of RSK4 driving angiogenesis through RUNX1-mediated EPHA2 and VEGF.

    Evidence Transcriptomic/proteomic analysis, luciferase reporter with RUNX1/EPHA2 binding-site mutagenesis, VEGF ELISA, tube formation, in vivo experiments

    PMID:39797421

    Open questions at the time
    • Direct kinase substrate connecting RSK4 to RUNX1 activation not identified
    • Single-lab finding
  9. 2026 High

    Established how RSK4 protein levels are set by antagonistic PTMs, identifying GSK3β/FBXW7 degradation and OGT O-GlcNAcylation stabilization at adjacent residues.

    Evidence Site-directed mutagenesis at Thr402/Ser406/Thr405, co-IP with GSK3β and FBXW7, O-GlcNAc detection, proteasome inhibition, OSMI-4, PDX and organoid models

    PMID:41800247

    Open questions at the time
    • Upstream signals controlling the GSK3β/OGT balance not defined
    • Single-lab finding

Open questions

Synthesis pass · forward-looking unresolved questions
  • How RSK4's constitutive kinase activity is mechanistically reconciled with its opposing tumor-suppressive (senescence, RTK inhibition) and oncogenic (metastasis, immune modulation, angiogenesis) outputs across tissues remains unresolved.
  • No unifying model linking direct substrates to context-dependent phenotypes
  • Bona fide physiological substrates of RSK4 kinase activity largely uncharacterized

Mechanism profile

Synthesis pass · controlled-vocabulary classification · explore literature graph →
Molecular activity
GO:0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein 2 GO:0016740 transferase activity 1
Localization
GO:0005829 cytosol 1
Pathway
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction 3 R-HSA-8953897 Cellular responses to stimuli 2 R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins 1
Partners
FBXW7GSK3BOGTTRAF4

Evidence

Reading pass · 18 per-paper findings extracted from the source corpus
Year Finding Method Journal Conf PMIDs
2005 RSK4 is a predominantly cytosolic protein that is constitutively (maximally) activated under serum-starved conditions in all cell types analyzed, unlike RSK1-3 which require growth factor stimulation. Constitutive activation results from constitutive phosphorylation of Ser232, Ser372, and Ser389. Low basal ERK activity in serum-starved cells is sufficient for ~50% of constitutive RSK4 activity. PDK1 gene deletion in mouse embryonic stem cells suggested PDK1 is not required for phosphorylation of the key activation-loop site Ser232, unlike other RSK family members. In vitro kinase assays, phospho-specific antibodies, subcellular fractionation, PDK1-knockout mouse embryonic stem cells, immunoblotting The Journal of biological chemistry High 15632195
2004 Rsk4 functions as an inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor-RAS-ERK (RTK) signaling. RTK inhibition is specific to RSK4 among RSK family members and depends on a region of RSK4 that is divergent from other RSK members. Rsk4 inhibits transcriptional activation of specific RTK signaling targets as well as ERK activation. Rsk4 expression in extraembryonic tissue is inversely correlated with activated ERK1/2 levels. Overexpression and domain-deletion experiments in cell lines, transcriptional reporter assays, ERK activation assays, in situ hybridization/immunostaining for expression vs. pERK correlation Molecular and cellular biology Medium 15121846
2009 RSK4 overexpression induces cell cycle arrest and senescence features in normal fibroblasts (IMR90) and malignant colon carcinoma cells (HCT116). RSK4 mRNA levels increase during both replicative and stress-induced senescence. RSK4-induced senescence is mediated through p21, but is independent of p16, p38 MAPKs, and reactive oxygen species. Cells with RSK4 shRNA knockdown partially escape senescence and show increased resistance to cisplatin. E1A expression or Rb siRNA confers resistance to RSK4-mediated senescence. RSK4 cDNA overexpression and shRNA knockdown in IMR90 and HCT116 cells; senescence assays; pharmacological inhibitors of p16, p38, ROS; E1A overexpression; Rb siRNA epistasis Clinical cancer research Medium 19584160
2011 RSK4 inhibition via shRNA allows normal human fibroblasts to bypass stress-induced senescence (oxidative stress, DNA damage) and oncogene-induced senescence (KRAS-V12, BRAF-E600 overexpression). RSK4-induced senescence is mediated through p21 but is independent of p16, p38 MAPKs, and reactive oxygen species induction. shRNA knockdown of RSK4 in normal human fibroblasts; oncogene overexpression; pharmacological inhibitors; senescence assays; p21 inhibition epistasis Carcinogenesis Medium 21239520
2004 RSK4 (and PAK5) are direct transcriptional targets of HNF4alpha. HNF4alpha binds to novel sites in the RSK4 promoter as confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) cloning and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). RSK4 expression is repressed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat kidney and brain coincident with HNF4alpha repression. ChIP cloning, EMSA with oligonucleotides harboring HNF4alpha binding sites, quantitative RT-PCR in diabetic rat tissue Molecular pharmacology Medium 15615695
2021 RSK4 promotes drug resistance and metastasis in lung and bladder cancer. CRISPR and RNAi silencing of RSK4 sensitized tumor cells to chemotherapy and hindered metastasis in vitro and in vivo. X-ray crystallography identified an allosteric binding site on RSK4 through which floxacin antibiotics (e.g., trovafloxacin) block RSK4 kinase activation by mimicking a kinase autoinhibitory mechanism involving RSK4's hydrophobic motif. Deuterium exchange and Markov transient analyses confirmed the allosteric mechanism. CRISPR knockdown, RNAi, X-ray crystallography, hydrogen-deuterium exchange, Markov transient analysis, xenograft models, genetically engineered mouse models, bladder tumor explants Science translational medicine High 34261798
2016 Tandem affinity purification coupled with nano LC-MS/MS identified 82 RSK4-associated proteins and 137 RSK4m (alternative splice variant)-associated proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells. Bioinformatics analysis indicated enrichment in cell senescence pathways. RSK4 and RSK4m have distinct interactomes, with RSK4m associated with more molecular functions. SF-TAP (tandem affinity purification with STREP II + Flag tags) coupled to nano LC-MS/MS, bioinformatics (GO, IPA) International journal of biological macromolecules Low 27986634
2022 FOXP2 transcription factor directly binds to the RSK4 (RPS6KA6) promoter and transcriptionally activates its expression. Knockdown of RSK4 reverses the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of FOXP2 overexpression in thyroid cancer cells, placing RSK4 downstream of FOXP2. FOXP2/RSK4 regulation is associated with the PI3K/AKT pathway. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), JASPAR binding site prediction, rescue/knockdown experiments in TPC-1 cells Experimental and therapeutic medicine Medium 35607372
2019 17β-estradiol (E2) reduces RSK4 expression in ER+ breast cancer cells by promoting DNMT3B-mediated methylation of the RSK4 promoter, thereby decreasing RSK4 transcriptional activity. E2-induced RSK4 silencing is associated with increased cell proliferation, clone formation, and invasion. Bisulfite genomic sequencing for methylation, luciferase reporter assay for transcriptional activity, Western blotting for DNMT1/3A/3B, MTT/Transwell/flow cytometry functional assays, RT-PCR OncoTargets and therapy Medium 31413588
2023 TRAF4 negatively regulates RSK4; TRAF4 knockdown leads to increased RSK4 expression in ovarian cancer cells. USP7 deubiquitinates and stabilizes TRAF4 via co-immunoprecipitation-confirmed interaction, and TRAF4 destabilization leads to RSK4 upregulation and suppression of the PI3K/AKT pathway. This USP7/TRAF4/RSK4/PI3K/AKT axis was confirmed in a xenograft mouse model. Co-immunoprecipitation for TRAF4 ubiquitination, siRNA knockdown of USP7 and TRAF4, RSK4 overexpression, Western blotting, xenograft mouse model Journal of cancer research and therapeutics Medium 37006049
2023 RSK4 promotes macrophage recruitment and M2 polarization in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by enhancing secretion of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) via direct and indirect STAT3 phosphorylation. RSK4-conditioned macrophages then secrete CCL22 to enhance tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion. In vitro co-culture experiments, ELISA for sICAM-1 and CCL22, phospho-STAT3 detection, RSK4 overexpression/knockdown in ESCC cells, xenograft mouse model, IHC in human ESCC tissues Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease Medium 38142759
2026 RSK4 stability is regulated by antagonistic post-translational modifications: GSK3β phosphorylates RSK4 at Thr402/Ser406, promoting its proteasomal degradation via the FBXW7-dependent ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation of RSK4 at Thr405 antagonizes GSK3β phosphorylation, thereby stabilizing RSK4 and enhancing cancer stem cell properties and radioresistance in ESCC. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation with OSMI-4 destabilizes RSK4 and sensitizes ESCC to radiotherapy. Site-directed mutagenesis at Thr402/Ser406/Thr405, co-immunoprecipitation with GSK3β and FBXW7, O-GlcNAc detection, proteasome inhibitor experiments, OSMI-4 treatment, patient-derived xenograft and organoid models International journal of biological sciences High 41800247
2024 Deletion of exon 7 of Rps6ka6 (creating a severely truncated RSK4 protein) in H2Kb myogenic cells did not affect myoblast proliferation or migration, but significantly reduced myoblast differentiation indices (myosin expression, myosin-expressing cell size, and fusion index). Genetic analysis in CFW mice linked the Rps6ka6 locus to muscle fiber number in fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscle. CRISPR-Cas9 exon deletion in myogenic cells, myoblast proliferation/migration/differentiation assays, myosin immunostaining, fusion index quantification, CFW mouse genetic analysis with histology G3 (Bethesda, Md.) Medium 38577978
2018 TRAF4 knockdown in breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) xenografts led to significant upregulation of RSK4 mRNA and protein, and coincident reduction of P-AKT, P-NF-κB, TGF-β1, TNF-α, MMP2, and MMP9. This places RSK4 as negatively regulated by TRAF4, upstream of the AKT/NF-κB pathway. Lentiviral TRAF4-shRNA in MDA-MB-231 cells, xenograft nude mouse model, IHC, Western blot, fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR Biochemical and biophysical research communications Low 29684350
2020 RSK4 overexpression in ccRCC cell lines enhances invasive and migratory abilities through upregulation of CD44 and MMP-9 expression; conversely, RSK4 knockdown reduces these abilities and CD44/MMP-9 expression. Ectopic RSK4 overexpression and knockdown in ccRCC cell lines, invasion/migration assays, IHC in patient samples, Western blot Diagnostic pathology Low 32209138
2020 miR-548d-3p directly targets RSK4 and negatively regulates its expression. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed binding of miR-548d-3p to the RSK4 3'UTR at a predicted interaction site (mutation of this site abolished the effect). miR-548d-3p overexpression phenocopies RSK4 knockdown in gastric cancer cells: increased proliferation, migration, invasion, and decreased apoptosis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay with wild-type and mutant RSK4 3'UTR, RT-PCR, Western blot, functional cell assays, nude mouse tumorigenesis Cancer management and research Medium 33380838
2023 RSK4 confers paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer cells. RSK4 elevation is associated with accelerated phosphorylation of the downstream translation factor eIF4B. RSK inhibitor (BI-D1870) co-treatment restored paclitaxel sensitivity. External RSK4 expression increased cell viability under paclitaxel treatment. DNA microarray, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, RSK inhibitor pharmacological treatment, RSK4 overexpression, cell viability assays Biochemical and biophysical research communications Low 37660640
2025 RSK4 promotes metastasis and angiogenesis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) by activating RUNX1-mediated transcription of EPHA2, leading to enhanced VEGF secretion and tube formation. Luciferase reporter and mutagenesis of the RUNX1 binding site in the EPHA2 promoter confirmed this regulatory axis. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, luciferase reporter assay with RUNX1/EPHA2 promoter binding site mutation, VEGF ELISA, tube formation assay, in vivo experiments Cancer biology & therapy Medium 39797421

Source papers

Stage 0 corpus · 50 papers · ranked by NIH iCite citations
Year Title Journal Citations PMID
1999 Molecular and functional characterization of the small Ca(2+)-regulated K+ channel (rSK4) of colonic crypts. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology 115 10519135
2005 Functional characterization of human RSK4, a new 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase, reveals constitutive activation in most cell types. The Journal of biological chemistry 101 15632195
1999 A novel ribosomal S6-kinase (RSK4; RPS6KA6) is commonly deleted in patients with complex X-linked mental retardation. Genomics 96 10644430
2007 Aberrant expression of X-linked genes RbAp46, Rsk4, and Cldn2 in breast cancer. Molecular cancer research : MCR 66 17314274
2004 Characterization of mouse Rsk4 as an inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor-RAS-extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling. Molecular and cellular biology 54 15121846
2012 PRKX, TTBK2 and RSK4 expression causes Sunitinib resistance in kidney carcinoma- and melanoma-cell lines. International journal of cancer 52 22020623
2009 Regulation of replicative and stress-induced senescence by RSK4, which is down-regulated in human tumors. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 42 19584160
2011 Aberrant methylation of the X-linked ribosomal S6 kinase RPS6KA6 (RSK4) in endometrial cancers. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 38 21372219
2021 Repurposed floxacins targeting RSK4 prevent chemoresistance and metastasis in lung and bladder cancer. Science translational medicine 31 34261798
2012 Basic anatomy and tumor biology of the RPS6KA6 gene that encodes the p90 ribosomal S6 kinase-4. Oncogene 27 22614021
2016 Down-Regulation of Ribosomal S6 kinase RPS6KA6 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients. Cell journal 26 27540520
2018 Down-regulation of TRAF4 targeting RSK4 inhibits proliferation, invasion and metastasis in breast cancer xenografts. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 23 29684350
2011 RSK4 inhibition results in bypass of stress-induced and oncogene-induced senescence. Carcinogenesis 21 21239520
2004 RSK4 and PAK5 are novel candidate genes in diabetic rat kidney and brain. Molecular pharmacology 21 15615695
2003 Expression pattern of the Rsk2, Rsk4 and Pdk1 genes during murine embryogenesis. Gene expression patterns : GEP 21 12711546
2020 Expression of RSK4, CD44 and MMP-9 is upregulated and positively correlated in metastatic ccRCC. Diagnostic pathology 20 32209138
2016 Ribosomal S6 kinase 4 (RSK4) expression in ovarian tumors and its regulation by antineoplastic drugs in ovarian cancer cell lines. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) 20 26732474
2015 RSK4 knockdown promotes proliferation, migration and metastasis of human breast adenocarcinoma cells. Oncology reports 20 26397146
2018 Effect of RSK4 on biological characteristics of colorectal cancer. World journal of surgical oncology 19 30579335
2013 Frequent epigenetic inactivation of RSK4 by promoter methylation in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues of breast cancer. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) 18 24338215
2021 Prominent roles of ribosomal S6 kinase 4 (RSK4) in cancer. Pathology, research and practice 17 33621918
2020 Overexpression of RSK4 reverses doxorubicin resistance in human breast cancer cells via PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Journal of biochemistry 17 31960922
2011 Fine mapping of Xq11.1-q21.33 and mutation screening of RPS6KA6, ZNF711, ACSL4, DLG3, and IL1RAPL2 for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research 14 21384559
2023 RSK4 promotes the macrophage recruitment and M2 polarization in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease 11 38142759
2022 FOXP2 regulates thyroid cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis via transcriptional activation of RPS6KA6. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 11 35607372
2019 Estradiol promotes the progression of ER+ breast cancer through methylation-mediated RSK4 inactivation. OncoTargets and therapy 11 31413588
2017 Aberrant expression of RSK4 in breast cancer and its role in the regulation of tumorigenicity. International journal of molecular medicine 11 28731146
2023 USP7 mediates TRAF4 deubiquitination to facilitate the malignant phenotype of ovarian cancer via the RSK4/PI3K/AKT axis. Journal of cancer research and therapeutics 10 37006049
2019 RSK4 inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, and is correlated with estrogen receptor upregulation in breast cancer. Oncology reports 10 31545499
2020 Effect of RSK4 on Biological Characteristics of Gastric Cancer. Cancer management and research 9 32095082
2017 Expression of RSK4 in lung adenocarcinoma tissue and its clinicopathological value: a study based on RNA-seq data and immunohistochemistry. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology 9 31966496
1993 Video-rate confocal reflection microscopy of neoplastic cells: rate of intracellular movement and peripheral motility characteristic of neoplastic cell line (RSK4) with high degree of growth independence in vitro. Scanning 9 8281361
2016 Novel interacting proteins identified by tandem affinity purification coupled to nano LC-MS/MS interact with ribosomal S6 protein kinase 4 (RSK4) and its variant protein (RSK4m). International journal of biological macromolecules 8 27986634
2021 Discovery, Optimization, and Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Novel and Potent RSK4 Inhibitors as Promising Agents for the Treatment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Journal of medicinal chemistry 7 34496560
2020 Hypermethylation of the RSK4 promoter associated with BRAF V600E promotes papillary thyroid carcinoma. International journal of oncology 7 32319586
2020 MiR-548d-3p Promotes Gastric Cancer by Targeting RSK4. Cancer management and research 6 33380838
2025 RSK4 promotes the metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by activating RUNX1-mediated angiogenesis. Cancer biology & therapy 5 39797421
2023 RSK4 confers paclitaxel resistance to ovarian cancer cells, which is resensitized by its inhibitor BI-D1870. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 4 37660640
2018 A Pilot Study of RSK4 Expression in Patients with Human Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Annals of clinical and laboratory science 4 30143490
2023 Ribosomal S6 kinase 4 (RSK4) tumor suppressor gene promoter methylation status in ovarian cancer. Molecular biology reports 2 37402066
2022 Raltitrexed regulates proliferation and apoptosis of HGC-27 cells by upregulating RSK4. BMC pharmacology & toxicology 2 36031631
2012 [Effects of breast cancer cells stably overexpressing RSK4 on growth of transplanted human breast cancer in severe combined immunodeficiency mice]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 2 22944237
2024 Updating mRNA variants of the human RSK4 gene and their expression in different stressed situations. Heliyon 1 38560189
2024 Validation of positional candidates Rps6ka6 and Pou3f4 for a locus associated with skeletal muscle mass variability. G3 (Bethesda, Md.) 1 38577978
2024 Expression of RSK4 protein in non-small cell lung cancer tissues, adjacent tissues and its correlation with clinicopathological features. American journal of translational research 1 39114716
2022 Differential Expression of RSK4 Transcript Isoforms in Cancer and Its Clinical Relevance. International journal of molecular sciences 1 36498899
1981 Electrical properties and ability to form low-resistance junctions in rat neoplastic cells LW13K2 and RsK4. Folia biologica 1 7238949
2026 O-GlcNAcylation stabilizes RSK4 by antagonizing GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation to enhance radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. International journal of biological sciences 0 41800247
2025 Design and Structural Optimization of Orally Bioavailable RSK4 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Journal of medicinal chemistry 0 41406994
2011 [Abnormal expression of RSK-4 and its clinical significance in breast cancer]. Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology] 0 21875487

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